JP2726765B2 - Tunnel excavator and mobile water barrier for tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tunnel excavator for excavating a submarine tunnel and a movable water stop wall for preventing water from entering the tunnel when excavating the submarine tunnel by the tunnel excavator.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a tunnel construction method, a shield method and a sinking method are known. However, under the shield method, when excavating a submerged tunnel, the length of the tunnel is lengthened by removing the earth covering 1.5 times or more the diameter of the tunnel. Problems such as generation of bending stress due to pressure imbalance occur.

Further, in the sinking method, a large amount of earth and sand is used to extend the tunnel while sinking the tunnel, which causes a problem of a landfill site and seawater pollution.

[0004] Therefore, as an open shield construction method of a water bottom tunnel, a method of constructing a tunnel for a road, sewage, or a railway by excavating a margin at the bottom of the sea bottom or a lake bottom has been developed.

In this method, a hollow ring piece corresponding to a segment of the shield method is used. After excavating by a length of one ring piece by a shield excavator, a space is formed by a propulsion jack, and this space is formed. The ring piece on board the ship is carried in from the upper opening of the excavator body, the ring piece is brought into close contact with the existing tunnel, fixed with bolts, etc., and the mortar is cast between adjacent ring pieces to tunnel Is to extend.

[0006]

In such an open shield construction method for a submerged tunnel, the excavator body side and the existing tunnel side are provided in order to prevent inundation into the body of the excavator body and the existing tunnel. Is provided with a water stop wall. Therefore, in the space formed by each water blocking wall, a space portion for carrying a ring piece between the excavator body (water blocking wall) and the existing tunnel is formed by the propulsion jack, and a ring portion is formed here from outside. I'm putting a piece.

However, the distal end of the propulsion jack is in contact with an existing tunnel, that is, a fixed ring piece, and when the ring piece is carried into a predetermined position, the propulsion jack becomes an obstacle. Therefore, when carrying in the excavator, the propulsion jack must be contracted to perform the work, and at this time, there is a problem that the excavator body retreats due to earth pressure from the cutter side with respect to the excavator body, that is, a so-called buckling occurs. is there.

Further, since the water blocking wall on the excavator main body side is attached to the main body, the water stopping wall on the existing tunnel side moves as the excavator moves forward. That is, since the excavator is attached to the ring piece, it does not move as the excavator advances. In the existing tunnel, it is necessary to move the water stop wall and maintain the atmospheric pressure state in order for the worker to connect the ring pieces in close contact with each other.

Conventionally, a closed space is provided between each water stop wall, and an operator manually moves the water stop wall on the existing tunnel side, which makes the work cumbersome, takes a long time, and increases workability. It was not good.

Further, when the ring piece is carried in, a considerably large water pressure acts on the water stop wall. When the ring piece is mounted on the inner peripheral surface of the existing tunnel only by the frictional force of the water stop wall, the water pressure corresponds to the water pressure. In some cases, it could not be cut off, and there was a risk of flooding.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavator and a movable water blocking wall for the tunnel excavator which improve the workability of the tunnel excavation work. I do.

[0012]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a tunnel excavator according to the present invention has a cutter at a front portion and an opening for carrying a ring piece, which is a constituent material of a tunnel, into the excavator. In a tunnel excavator having an excavator main body, a plurality of propulsion jacks provided at a rear portion of the excavator main body to obtain a reaction force from an existing tunnel and excavate, and a water stop wall for preventing inundation into the existing tunnel. And a telescopic jack for preventing the excavator body from retreating when the ring piece is carried into the excavator body.

[0013] Further, the movable water blocking wall for a tunnel excavator of the present invention is provided in a tunnel formed by receiving a ring piece from an opening formed in the body of the excavator and connecting the ring piece. In the water blocking wall for preventing inundation, a projecting member that can be inserted into and removed from a concave portion formed on the inner peripheral portion of an existing tunnel and receives an external pressure acting on the water blocking wall when inserted into the concave portion. It is characterized by being provided on the outer peripheral portion of the water stop wall.

Further, the movable water blocking wall for a tunnel excavator according to the present invention is provided in a tunnel formed by receiving a ring piece from an opening formed in the body of the excavator and connecting the ring piece. In the water blocking wall for preventing inundation, a waterproof elastic seal member is provided, which is formed in a hollow shape at the outer peripheral portion of the water blocking wall to supply fluid to the inside and expand to press against the inner circumferential surface of the existing tunnel. It is characterized by the following.

[0015]

When the excavator body excavates to form a space between the excavator body and the existing tunnel, the ring piece is carried into the excavator body. At this time, the propulsion jack is contracted because it hinders the loading of the ring piece, but the excavator body is prevented from retreating by extending the telescopic jack between the excavator body and the existing tunnel.

Further, the water stop wall is movable, and the external pressure acting on the water stop wall can be reliably received by inserting the projecting member on the outer peripheral portion into the concave portion on the inner peripheral portion of the existing tunnel.

Further, the water blocking wall expands by supplying a fluid into the hollow waterproof elastic seal member, so that the water blocking wall is in pressure contact with the inner peripheral surface of the existing tunnel, so that flooding is reliably prevented.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a principal part of a tunnel excavator and a movable water stop wall for the tunnel excavator according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the water stop wall, and FIG. FIG. 4 shows a cross section of a different portion of the water stop wall, FIG. 4 shows a cross section of the waterproof sealing member, and FIGS. 5 to 13 show the operation of the tunnel excavator and the movable water stop wall.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, in a tunnel excavator, a main body 11 of the excavator has a cylindrical shape, and a bulge head 12 as a partition is attached to a front portion thereof. An upper rotary cutter 13 and a lower rotary cutter 14 are mounted on the front surface of the bulk head 12. It should be noted that various combinations, mounting positions, and shapes of the cutters 13 and 14 are conceivable.

On the other hand, a bulk head 15 as a partition is attached to the rear of the excavator body 11. The bulk head 15 has a plurality of propulsion jacks 1 in the circumferential direction.
6 is mounted facing rearward (rightward in FIG. 1). The bulge head 15 is provided with an inspection manhole (not shown).

Inside the excavator body 11, each cutter 13,
A plurality (one in the drawing) of screw conveyors 17 for discharging the earth and sand excavated by 14 are provided side by side.

At the rear of the screw conveyor 17, a pump 18 for mud discharge is mounted. A base end of a pipe 19 for sludge is connected to the pump 18 for sludge, and a distal end of the pipe 19 for sludge extends to the surface of the water and is connected to processing equipment such as a ship (not shown). .

A water supply pump 21 is attached to the rear of the screw conveyor 17 via a water supply pipe 20, and a water supply valve 22 is connected on the way. The base end of a water supply / drain pipe 23 whose front end extends underwater is connected to the water supply pump 21, and a water supply valve 24 is connected on the way. In addition, the water supply pump 21 is connected to a base end of a water supply pipe 25 whose front end extends outside the bulge head 15, and a water supply valve 26 is connected in the middle. Further, the water supply pipe 20 and the water supply / drain pipe 23 are connected by a drain pipe 28 in which a drain valve 27 is attached in the middle.

Therefore, by switching the water supply valves 24 and 26, the suction position of the water supply pump 21 can be selected between underwater and outside the bulge head 15. Also,
By switching between the water supply valve 22 and the drain valve 27, the discharge position of the water supply pump 21 can be selected between underwater and the rear of the screw conveyor 17.

During excavation by the rotary cutters 13 and 14, the water supply valve 22 and the water supply valve 24 are closed, the water supply valve 26 and the drainage valve 27 are opened, water is sucked from underwater by the water supply / drain pipe 23, and the screw conveyor 17 is fed by the water supply pipe 20. Spitting out at the rear. In this way, the excavated soil is converted into a thriller, and the excavated soil is carried out to a processing facility such as a ship by a mud discharging pump 18 through a mud discharging pipe 19.

The excavator body 11 is mounted so as to fit into the end of the existing tunnel 1. The tunnel 1 is configured by connecting a plurality of ring pieces 2 with bolts or the like, respectively, and has a recess 3 formed in an inner peripheral portion. Then, mortar is injected into the recess to increase the strength. The ring piece 2 is integrally formed in a ring shape.

A tail packing 29 is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the excavator body 11 at the rear thereof so as to be in close contact with the end of the tunnel 1. An opening 30 for carrying in the ring piece 2 is formed at the rear of the excavator body 11, and can be opened and closed by a gate 32 driven by a gate jack 31.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the tunnel excavator of this embodiment has a movable water blocking wall 41 behind the excavator body 11. In this movable water blocking wall 41, the water blocking wall main body 42 is located inside the existing tunnel 1 with a slight gap, and the inside is in a lattice shape so as to sufficiently withstand external pressure. A plurality of shoes 43 and 44 which can be pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel 1 and can be inserted into and removed from the concave portion 3 of the tunnel 1 and act on the water blocking wall main body 42 when inserted into the concave portion 3. It has a plurality of protruding members 45 and 46 as reaction force rigid bodies that receive external pressure.

The shoes 43 and 44 are fixed to the distal end of a support cylinder 47 movably supported in a direction perpendicular to the water blocking wall main body 42, and can be driven by a jack (not shown). The shoe 43,
The length 44 has a sled shape so as not to enter the concave portion 3 of the tunnel 1 and has an appropriate length.

The protruding members 45 and 46 are movably supported by a support tube 48 attached to the water blocking wall main body 42 and can be driven by a jack 49.

A waterproof elastic seal member 51 is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the front surface of the water blocking wall main body 42. As shown in FIG. 4, a ring-shaped support member 53 is fixed to the water blocking wall main body 42 via a bracket 52. A waterproof elastic seal member 51 having a hollow shape and a ring shape as a whole is attached to an outer peripheral portion of the support member 53 by a seal guide 54.

The elastic seal member 51 and the support member 53
, An injection hole 55 is formed, and the injection hole 55 is connected to the tip of a supply / discharge tube 56. The supply / discharge tube 56 is connected to a supply / discharge device (not shown) for supplying / discharging air or other liquid such as gas, water, or oil.

Therefore, when the fluid is supplied to the inside of the elastic seal member 51 and expanded by the supply / discharge device, the fluid comes into pressure contact with the inner peripheral surface of the existing tunnel 1, thereby preventing water from entering the tunnel 1. it can.

Further, the water blocking wall main body 42 has the structure shown in FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, a pair of upper and lower telescopic jacks for preventing the excavator body 11 from retreating (buckling) when the ring piece 2 is carried into the excavator body 11 are provided.

That is, a pair of outer cylinders 57 is fixed vertically at the center of the water blocking wall main body 42, and a support cylinder 58 is movably supported by the outer cylinder 57. The support cylinder 58 can be expanded and contracted by a jack 59, and when extended, its tip comes into contact with the bulge head 15 so that buckling can be prevented.

A guide outer cylinder 60 along the vertical direction is fixed to the rear part of each outer cylinder 57. A support cylinder 62 to which a shoe 61 is fixed vertically is movably supported by the guide outer cylinder 60, and the support cylinder 62 can be driven by a jack (not shown).

Note that a pitching rolling meter 63 is attached to the outer cylinder 57. This is for adjusting the proper position of the excavator body 11 when the excavator body 11 is stopped.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
The inner cylinder 6 for sliding is provided on both sides of the support cylinder 58 provided in
4 is fixed along the axial direction of the tunnel 1 and toward the rear. An outer cylinder 65 is movably fitted to each inner cylinder 64 and can be driven by a slide jack 66 provided inside the inner cylinder 64.

A guide member 67 having a spherical outer surface is fixed to the outer peripheral portion of the outer cylinder 65.
Is fitted with a guide cylinder 68 whose inner surface has a similar spherical shape. A support cylinder 69 is fixed vertically to the outside of the guide cylinder 68, and the support cylinder 69 has a protruding member 7.
0 is movably supported and can be driven by a jack 71.

The outer cylinder 65 and the support cylinder 69 are connected to the inclined jack 7.
They are connected by two. This is to be able to respond when the tunnel to be excavated changes from horizontal to inclined, and by driving the inclined jack 72, the support cylinder 69 is inclined by the spherical shape of the guide member 67, The protruding member 70 can be inserted into and removed from the recess 3 of the inclined tunnel 1.

The water stop wall main body 42 is provided with
As shown in the figure, a communication pipe 73 and a valve 74 for communicating the inside of the existing tunnel 1 with the outside are provided. This vents the air in the existing tunnel 1 and is normally closed by a valve 74.

The operation of the above-described tunnel excavator according to this embodiment will be described below.

In order to excavate with the excavator body 11, first, as shown in FIG. 5, the gate 32 is opened by the gate jack 30, and water is introduced into the room formed by the bulg head 15 and the water blocking wall 41. . This is cutter 1
This is because the thrust is reduced by opposing the water pressure of the excavation by 3, 14.

Then, the propulsion jacks 16 are extended to drive the cutters 13, 14 and the screw conveyor 17, while the water supply valve 22 and the water supply valve 24 are opened, the water supply valve 26 and the drain valve 27 are closed, and the mud pump 18
And the water supply pump 21 is driven. Then, the plumbing pipe 23
The water is sucked from the water and discharged to the rear of the screw conveyor 17 by the water supply pipe 20. As a result, the excavated soil is converted into a thriller, and the excavated soil is carried out to a processing facility such as a ship by a mud discharging pump 18 through a mud discharging pipe 19.

When the excavator body 11 excavates slightly larger than the width of one ring piece 2, excavation is completed, and FIG.
As shown in FIG. 7, the propulsion jack 16 is extended by the maximum amount. In this state, a new ring piece 2 is connected to the end of the existing tunnel 1.

As shown in FIG. 7, the ring piece 2 is suspended by an empty crane such as a ship on water, and
It is carried into the inside through one opening 30. At this time, the upper propulsion jack 16 is contracted, and the lower support cylinder 58 is extended by the jack 59 so that the distal end abuts on the bulge head 15.

Then, as shown in FIG. 8, when the ring piece 2 is carried to the middle part inside the excavator body 11,
The upper propulsion jack 16 is extended and the center support tube 58 is contracted.

When the ring piece 2 is carried into the lower portion inside the excavator body 11, as shown in FIG. 9, the propulsion jack 16 is contracted while the center support cylinder 58 is extended.

Then, as shown in FIG. 10, when the ring piece 2 is carried into the connection position with the existing tunnel 1, all the propulsion jacks 16 are extended and the ring piece 2 is pressed against the end of the existing tunnel 1. . In this way, the loading of the ring piece 2 is completed. During this time, not only the propulsion jack 16 but also the bulkhead 15
The buckling at the time of excavation is prevented by being supported.

When the incorporation of the ring piece 2 is completed,
It is necessary to drain the water in the room formed by the bulge head 15 and the water stop wall 41 in order to check the installation state and move the movable water stop wall 41. Therefore, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the gate 32 is closed, the water supply valve 22 and the water supply valve 24 are closed, and the water supply valve 26 and the drain valve 27 are closed.
Is opened, and the water supply pump 21 is driven to discharge water into the water through the drain pipe 25, the drain pipe 28, and the water supply / drain pipe 23.

At this time, air is introduced from the communication pipe 73 by opening the valve 74 of the water stop wall 41. Then, when the water level reaches the vicinity of the opening of the drain pipe 25, the drain is stopped. In this manner, water is discharged from the room, and the room is brought to the atmospheric pressure state.

When the loading of the ring piece 2 is completed, the water blocking wall 41 is advanced to fix the ring piece 2 to the existing tunnel 1. First, in FIG. 11, each projecting member 45 of the water blocking wall main body 42 is contracted and pulled out from the concave portion 3. Further, the pressure contact of the inner peripheral surface of the existing tunnel 1 by the respective shoes 43 and 44 is released. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the fluid is discharged from the seal member 51, and as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. 4, the press-contact of the inner peripheral surface of the existing tunnel 1 is released.

Then, as shown in FIG. 12, it is confirmed by adjusting with the inclined jack 72 whether or not the projecting member 70 as the reaction force rigid body is sufficiently supported in the concave portion 3 of the tunnel 1. When the slide jack 66 is driven from this state,
The water blocking wall main body 42 moves forward (leftward in FIG. 12) with the outer cylinder 65 fixed to the tunnel 1 side by the protruding member 70 and the shoe 61 as a base point.

The movement amount of the water blocking wall main body 42 is the ring piece 2
Each protrusion member 45, 45 of the water blocking wall main body 42 is inserted into the recess 3 at a predetermined position, and each shoe 4
3 and 44 are pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the existing tunnel 1.

At this time, the vertical and horizontal positions of the excavator body 11 and the positions of the projecting members 45 and 46 and the shoes 43 and 44 are adjusted based on the output value of the pitching rolling meter 63.

After the front part of the excavator body 11 has advanced, the rear part is advanced next. First, each projecting member 70 as a reaction force rigid body is contracted and pulled out from the concave portion 3, and the pressure contact of the inner peripheral surface of the existing tunnel 1 by each shoe 61 is released. Then, the slide jack 66 is driven to move the rear part forward with the front part of the excavator body 11 as a base point.

This movement amount is the same as the movement amount of the front part of the excavator body 11, and as shown in FIG. 13, each projecting member 70 is inserted into the concave portion 3 at a predetermined position, and each shoe 61 is connected to the existing tunnel. (1) Press against the inner peripheral surface. Further, a fluid is supplied to the seal member 51 so as to be pressed against the inner peripheral surface of the existing tunnel 1.

Thus, the extension of the tunnel is completed.

In the above-described embodiment, the support cylinder 58 and the jack 59 for preventing buckling are provided in the upper and lower two stages. However, they may be provided symmetrically and may be provided as appropriate according to the size of the tunnel to be excavated. Good thing.

The positions of the projecting members 45, 46, 70 and the shoes 43, 44, 61 are not limited to the mounting position or the number thereof.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the support cylinder 58 and the jack 59 as the telescopic jack for preventing buckling are provided on the water stop wall 41 side, but may be provided on the excavator body 11 side.

FIG. 14 shows another telescopic jack according to the tunnel excavator of the present invention. As shown in the figure, a pair of upper and lower outer cylinders 81 are fixed to the bulge head 15 of the excavator body 11, and a support cylinder 82 is movable to the outer cylinder 81 and can be extended and contracted by a jack (not shown). It is supported by.

Accordingly, when the ring piece 2 is carried in, the support cylinder 82 is extended and the water blocking wall main body 4 is extended in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment.
Buckling can be prevented by pressing against the contact member 83 fixed to the second member 2.

[0065]

As described above in detail with reference to the embodiments, according to the tunnel excavator of the present invention, the telescopic jack for preventing the excavator body from retreating is provided, so that the ring piece constituting the existing tunnel is provided. When the telescopic jack extends between the excavator main body and the existing tunnel when the excavator is carried into the excavator main body, the excavator main body can be prevented from retreating.

Further, according to the movable water blocking wall for a tunnel excavator of the present invention, the water blocking wall is provided with a protruding member which can be inserted into and removed from the concave portion formed on the inner periphery of the existing tunnel. By being movable and the projecting member being inserted into the concave portion of the inner peripheral portion of the existing tunnel, the external pressure acting on the water blocking wall can be reliably received.

Further, since a waterproof elastic sealing member having a hollow shape is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the water blocking wall, a fluid is supplied to the inside and expanded to press against the inner peripheral surface of the existing tunnel and to be flooded. Can be reliably prevented.

As a result, the workability of the tunnel excavation work can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of an essential part of a tunnel excavator and a movable water blocking wall for the tunnel excavator according to one embodiment of the present invention (FIG. 2).
AA sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a water stop wall.

3 is a cross-sectional view of a tunnel excavator and a movable water blocking wall at different portions, and is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a waterproof elastic seal member.

FIG. 5 is an operation explanatory view of the tunnel excavator.

FIG. 6 is an operation explanatory view of the tunnel excavator.

FIG. 7 is an operation explanatory view of the tunnel excavator.

FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory view of the tunnel excavator.

FIG. 9 is an operation explanatory view of the tunnel excavator.

FIG. 10 is an operation explanatory view of the tunnel excavator.

FIG. 11 is an operation explanatory view of the tunnel excavator.

FIG. 12 is an operation explanatory view of the tunnel excavator.

FIG. 13 is an operation explanatory view of the tunnel excavator.

FIG. 14 is a sectional view of a main part showing another telescopic jack according to the tunnel excavator of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Existing tunnel 2 Ring piece 3 Recess 11 Excavator main body 13 Cutter 14 Cutter 15 Bulg head 16 Propulsion jack 17 Screw conveyor 30 Opening 41 Movable water stop wall 42 Water stop wall main body 43,44,61 Shoe 45,46,70 Projecting member 51 Waterproof elastic seal member 58, 82 Support tube 59 Jack

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Takao Matsumoto 1-1, Wadazakicho, Hyogo-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture Inside the Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.Kobe Shipyard (72) Inventor Kenji Wada Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 1-25-1, Taisei Corporation (72) Inventor Tadashi Matsumoto 1-25-1, Nishi-Shinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Inspector, Taisei Corporation Toshiaki Nakamaki (56) References 4-83094 (JP, A) JP-A-3-257287 (JP, A) JP-A-3-257294 (JP, A)

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] An excavator body having a cutter at a front portion and having an opening for carrying a ring piece, which is a constituent material of a tunnel, into an inside thereof, and a reaction force from an existing tunnel provided at a rear portion of the excavator body. In a tunnel excavator equipped with a plurality of propulsion jacks to obtain and excavate and a water blocking wall for preventing inundation into an existing tunnel, when the ring piece is carried into the excavator main body, the A tunnel excavator having a telescopic jack for preventing retreat. 2. A ring piece is carried in from an opening formed in an excavator main body, and a water blocking wall provided in a tunnel formed by connecting the ring pieces to the inside of the existing tunnel. A protrusion is provided on an outer peripheral portion of the water stop wall, the protrusion member being removably insertable into a concave portion formed in the peripheral portion and receiving an external pressure acting on the water stop wall when inserted into the concave portion. Water barrier for tunnel excavators. 3. A water blocking wall provided in a tunnel formed by connecting a ring piece through an opening formed in an excavator body and connected to the ring piece, and an outer periphery of the water blocking wall. A movable waterproof wall for a tunnel excavator, wherein a waterproof elastic seal member is provided which presses against an inner peripheral surface of an existing tunnel by supplying a fluid to the inside and expanding the interior of the tunnel. .