JP2007169945A - Cutter head for tunnel boring machine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutter head for a tunnel boring machine, which recovered after the construction of a tunnel, and prevents the collapse of the ground from the excavated wall surface by leaving a ring-like outer peripheral part of an outermost diameter part as a temporary lining member on the tunnel excavated wall surface together with an outer drum of the tunnel boring machine. <P>SOLUTION: A cutter head body 1 comprises: a center cutter plate part 2 with an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of a tunnel lining body S; and an outer peripheral cutter plate part 3 detachably connected to the outer peripheral surface of the center cutter plate 2 by bolts. The cutter head body 1 is formed by connecting the ring-like outer peripheral part 4 detachably to the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral cutter plate part 3. After the construction of the tunnel, the center cutter plate part 2 is detached from the outer peripheral cutter plate part 3 and recovered integrally with the boring machine body 10, and then the outer peripheral cutter plate part 3 is detached from the inner peripheral surface of the ring-like outer peripheral part 4, and recovered and removed. The ring-like outer peripheral part 4 is left on the tunnel excavated wall surface. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2007,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutter head of a tunnel excavator that excavates a tunnel in the ground and then collects it integrally with the excavator body through the tunnel and enables reuse.

  In tunnel construction where a tunnel lining body is constructed on the excavation wall surface while excavating a tunnel in the ground from the start shaft side with a tunnel excavator, when the tunnel excavator reaches the arrival shaft, It is collected on the ground and reused, but there are existing manholes on the arrival side, or there are buildings in the surrounding area and there are no reaching shafts, or two tunnels If you do not provide a reach shaft as in the case where the excavator is docked in the ground, or if the reach shaft is not completed, or if the tunnel excavator is made to reach the existing long pipeline so as to be orthogonal, etc. The tunnel excavator must be withdrawn toward the start shaft side and collected.

  As such a recovery-type tunnel excavator, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, the outer diameter of the outer cylinder is the same as the tunnel diameter, and the outer cylinder can be pulled back into the outer cylinder. There is known a tunnel excavator composed of an excavator main body arranged, and the excavator main body is detachably locked to an inner surface of the outer trunk, and a cylindrical inner trunk and a front portion of the inner trunk. A cutter head rotatably supported by a partition wall provided integrally, a driving means for the cutter head, and a discharging means for excavating sediment excavated by the cutter head, and the diameter of the cutter head can be reduced. Forming.

  And when the tunnel is excavated to a predetermined length by this tunnel excavator, the excavated sediment discharging means is collected and removed through the tunnel lining body, and the cutter head is reduced in diameter to the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body, and After unlocking the inner body from the outer body, the excavator body is recovered and removed rearward through the tunnel lining body with the outer body left on the excavation wall surface.

  In the tunnel excavator configured as described above, the diameter of the cutter head that can be reduced in diameter is such that several spokes having a plurality of cutter bits projecting forward are rotated by a drive motor. The central cutter head is formed radially from the tip of the rotating central shaft in the outer diameter direction and excavates the tunnel central portion having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining by these spokes. A spoke piece with a plurality of cutter bits projecting forward is detachably attached to the projecting end face, and the spoke diameter excavates a tunnel diameter equal to the outer diameter of the tunnel covering body. is doing.

On the other hand, the cutter plate of the tunnel excavator is a spoke type. is there. In order to excavate such collapsible ground, a so-called face plate type cutter plate is used. To apply this cutter plate to a recovery type tunnel excavator, the outer diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body. A central cutter plate portion having a small diameter and an outer peripheral cutter plate portion are detachably connected to the outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate portion, for example, as described in Patent Document 2, and this outer cutter plate The part is configured to excavate a tunnel diameter equal to the outer diameter of the tunnel lining body.
Japanese Patent No. 3439745 Japanese Patent No. 2038809

  According to the cutter head in the recovery-type tunnel excavator described in Patent Document 1, the spoke piece is removed from the spoke body at the time of recovery of the excavator body so that the outer diameter of the cutter head is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body. After that, when the outer body of the tunnel excavator is left on the tunnel excavation wall surface, the excavator body is recovered and removed from the outer trunk to the start shaft side through the tunnel lining body together with the cutter head with a reduced diameter. Since the tunnel excavation wall surface part on the front side is exposed in the tunnel from the outer trunk left behind in the tunnel, the ground of the excavation wall surface part may collapse into the tunnel, and this wall part It is necessary to perform some lining process.

  On the other hand, according to the face plate type cutter plate, the outer cutter plate portion is formed in an annular shape, so if it is left on the tunnel excavation wall surface during tunnel excavation, tunnel excavation in the vicinity of the face will occur on the outer peripheral surface. It is possible to cover the wall and exert the earth retaining function, but this makes it impossible to reuse the outer cutter plate, which is extremely uneconomical, and its inner peripheral portion protrudes greatly into the tunnel. Since this is a state, there is a problem that this part needs to be excised.

  Further, since the annular outer cutter plate portion cannot be disassembled, it cannot be recovered to the start shaft side through the tunnel wrapping body like the spoke piece of Patent Document 1, and is left on the reach shaft side. It is not possible to adopt the tunnel construction method that can be collected through the reach shaft.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, the purpose of which is to collect the excavator body integrally with the cutter head reduced in diameter after tunnel excavation to the start shaft side, when removed, The present invention provides a structure of a cutter head of a tunnel excavator that can be used as a temporary lining member that is left on the tunnel excavation wall surface together with the outer trunk of the tunnel excavator and exhibits a soil retaining and water stopping function.

  In order to achieve the above object, a cutter head of a tunnel excavator according to the present invention is a cutter head of a tunnel excavator that is recovered integrally with the excavator body through a tunnel excavation body of the excavated tunnel. A cutter head main body formed to be able to be reduced in diameter so that the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body, and the outer body of the tunnel excavator that is detachably attached to the outer peripheral end thereof. And a ring-shaped outer peripheral portion to be left on the tunnel excavation wall surface.

  In the cutter head of the tunnel excavator configured as described above, the invention according to claim 2 is directed to a cutter head main body, a central cutter plate portion whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel covering body, and the central cutter plate portion. A ring-shaped outer cutter plate part that is detachably fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the ring, and a ring-shaped outer peripheral part is detachably fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the outer cutter plate part. And

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the cutter head according to the second aspect, the annular outer peripheral cutter plate portion is composed of a plurality of divided cutter pieces, and adjacent cutter pieces are bolted together. In addition to being detachably coupled, at least one of these cutter pieces is provided with a key cutter piece formed such that the width between both side surfaces gradually decreases from the inner peripheral side toward the outer peripheral side. It is characterized by that.

  In the invention according to claim 4, the cutter head main body projects radially from the tip of the rotation center shaft of the excavator main body, and a plurality of cutter bits are mounted on the front surface. The spoke body is constituted by a spoke body that can be reduced in diameter, and the outer end surface of the spoke body is detachably connected to the inner peripheral surface of the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion.

  The cutter head according to claim 4, wherein the spoke body is formed on the inner spoke body portion whose length is shorter than the radius of the inner diameter of the tunnel covering body and the outer end surface of the inner spoke body portion. The outer spoke body part detachably fixes the inner end face, and the outer end face of the outer spoke body part is detachably connected to the inner peripheral face of the ring-shaped outer peripheral part.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the outer diameter of the cutter head main body is formed so that the outer diameter of the cutter head main body can be reduced to be smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel covering body, and the outer peripheral end of the cutter head main body is formed. In addition, since the ring-shaped outer peripheral part to be left on the tunnel excavation wall along with the outer body of the tunnel excavator is detachably attached, when recovering, the outer peripheral end of the cutter head body is disconnected from the ring-shaped outer peripheral part. After reducing the diameter of the cutter head main body, the cutter head main body can be easily recovered integrally with the excavator main body by retreating the excavator main body. Of course, the outer diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body. Since the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion that is formed in a large diameter and cannot be recovered through the tunnel lining body is left on the tunnel excavation wall surface, the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion is The function of the tunnel excavation wall surface as a temporary lining member can be demonstrated to prevent the collapse of the ground and the intrusion of groundwater from the part, and the above-mentioned connection from the ring-shaped outer peripheral part is released. The cutter head body can be collected smoothly and reliably.

  According to the invention of claim 2, the cutter head main body is detachably fitted to the central cutter plate portion whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel covering body and the outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate portion. Since the ring-shaped outer peripheral part is detachably fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral cutter plate part, the soft ground that easily collapses or the ground that is likely to generate groundwater A face plate type cutter head suitable for excavation of a ring, that is, a cutter plate, which can leave a ring-shaped outer peripheral portion left on the tunnel excavation surface, can be configured, this ring-shaped outer periphery By setting the outer diameter of the ring-shaped outer peripheral cutter plate part detachably fitted to the inner peripheral surface of the part to be smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel covering body, Or , By previously plurality dividable constituting the outer circumferential cutter plate can be performed reliably recovery operations through tunnel lining body.

  According to a third aspect of the invention, the annular outer peripheral cutter plate portion according to the second aspect is divided into a plurality of cutter pieces, and adjacent cutter pieces are detachably coupled by bolts. Since at least one of these cutter pieces is provided with a key cutter piece formed so that the width between both side surfaces gradually decreases from the inner peripheral side toward the outer peripheral side, the central cutter plate portion is excavated. When disassembling the outer cutter plate, which is formed with the outer diameter larger than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body after being recovered and removed integrally with the machine body, the joint surfaces that connect the cutter pieces together. First, the key cutter pieces are first removed from the adjacent cutter blades without the need to disassemble them while pulling them in the direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the cutter plate, that is, in the tunnel length direction. After removing the connection with the center cutter plate, it can be easily removed and collected using the space by removing it toward the space where the central cutter plate is removed. A plurality of cutter pieces can be collected and removed sequentially and efficiently using the above-mentioned space portion, including the cutter piece that has been combined with the above.

  Therefore, after the tunnel is built, the outer body of the tunnel excavator is left behind in the state of covering and supporting the tunnel excavation wall on the rear side of the cutter plate. Even when there is almost no work space ahead, this outer cutter plate part whose outer diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body is smoothed using the space part of the removal mark of the central cutter plate part. In addition, it can be reliably disassembled and recovered, and can be reused for the next tunnel construction.

  On the other hand, according to the invention of claim 4, the cutter head main body projects radially from the tip of the rotation center shaft in a radial direction, and has a plurality of cutter bits mounted on the front surface. Spoke type suitable for excavation of hard ground with excellent self-sufficiency because the outer end surface of this spoke body is detachably connected to the inner peripheral surface of the ring-shaped outer periphery. The cutter head can be configured such that its ring-shaped outer peripheral portion is left on the tunnel excavation surface.

  In the spoke-type cutter head body configured as described above, according to the invention according to claim 5, the spoke body includes an inner spoke body portion whose length is shorter than the radius of the inner diameter of the tunnel covering body, Since the outer spoke body part is detachably fixed to the outer end surface of the spoke body part, and the outer end surface of the outer spoke body part is detachably connected to the inner circumferential surface of the ring-shaped outer peripheral part. The outer spoke body part is connected to and supported by the inner circumferential surface of the ring-shaped outer circumferential part, and the inner spoke body part can be disconnected from the outer spoke body part. Can be efficiently integrated with the excavator body and after the inner spoke body is recovered, the outer spoke body can be removed from the ring-shaped outer periphery and easily passed through the tunnel lining body. Recovery, can be removed, it can be used again at the next tunnel construction.

  A specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view of a front half portion of a tunnel excavator equipped with a face plate type cutter head, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the cutter head. The cutter head has a disc-shaped central cutter plate portion 2 having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel wrapping body S, which will be described later, and an inner peripheral surface fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate portion 2. A cutter head main body 1 composed of a ring-shaped outer peripheral cutter plate portion 3 that is detachably coupled by a bolt 9, and an inner peripheral surface on the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral cutter plate portion 3 of the cutter head main body 1. And a circular ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 joined by bolts 9 ′. Further, the outer diameter of the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 in the cutter head body 1 is formed to be equal to the outer diameter of the outer body 11 of the tunnel excavator, and the inner diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the tunnel covering body S. Is formed. Therefore, the outer diameter of the outer cutter plate portion 3 coupled to the inner peripheral surface of the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 is also made larger than the inner diameter of the tunnel covering body S.

  The central cutter plate portion 2 is provided with a ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c having a constant width that is refracted at a right angle with respect to the front plate portion toward the outer periphery of the circular front plate portion, that is, toward the tunnel covering body S side. And the central portion thereof is integrally fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the front end portion of the rotation center shaft 13 that is rotationally driven by the drive motor 12 mounted on the excavator body 10, and further, the central portion is attached to the front plate portion. A plurality of pairs (four pairs in the figure) of a pair of earth and sand intake openings 5 and 5 that are spaced apart in the circumferential direction are provided radially over the inner peripheral surface of the front end portion of the ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c. A pair of parallel openings 5 and 5 is formed in a spoke-shaped face plate 2a, and a hollow fan-shaped face plate is interposed between the adjacent spoke-shaped face plates 2a and 2a via the opening 5. 2b is formed. Cutter bits 6 are projected forward at regular intervals in the radial direction on both side edges and the center of the spoke-shaped face plate portion 2a.

  On the other hand, the outer cutter plate part 3 is divided into a plurality of fan-shaped cutter pieces 31 to 36 in the circumferential direction, and the side surfaces facing each other of adjacent cutter pieces are joined to each other in a detachable manner by bolts 9 ′. In this way, the inner peripheral surface of each cutter piece 31-36 is detachably coupled to the opposing outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c of the central cutter plate portion 2 by bolts 9. In addition, the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral cutter plate portion 3 is detachably coupled to the inner peripheral surface of the circular ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 by a bolt 9 '.

  Specifically, each of the cutter pieces 31 to 36 has inner and outer peripheral wall portions 3c and 3d having a constant width on the peripheral edge of the front plate portion, that is, the inner and outer peripheral edge portions curved in an arc shape in the circumferential direction and the straight side edges. The side wall portions 3e and 3e are refracted at right angles to the front plate portion and project rearward. Then, the side wall portions 3e, 3e facing each other in the adjacent cutter pieces are joined to each other, and the annular outer peripheral cutter plate portion 3 is formed by sequentially connecting and connecting in the circumferential direction with the bolts 9 ′. The inner peripheral surface of the inner peripheral wall portion 3c that is curved in an arc shape is joined to the outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c of the central cutter plate portion 2 and is detachably coupled by a bolt 9.

  Further, the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral wall portion 3d that is curved in an arc shape in the circumferential direction in each of the cutter pieces 31 to 36 is formed on the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 that has the same width in the front-rear direction as the peripheral wall portion 3d. Joining to the inner peripheral surface, the peripheral wall portion 3d is detachably coupled to the inner peripheral surface of the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 by a bolt 9 '. The ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c of the central cutter plate part 2 and the inner peripheral wall part 3c of the cutter pieces 31 to 36 are coupled to the peripheral wall part 2c and the peripheral wall part 3c at fixed intervals in the circumferential direction by bolt mounting holes 7 ( 3), a bolt 9 is inserted between the bolt mounting holes 7 and 7, and a nut 8 is screwed together. Side wall portions 3e and 3e of adjacent cutter pieces are joined to each other. As shown in FIG. 4, bolt insertion holes 7 'are provided at a plurality of locations on one side wall portion 3e joined to each other, and screw holes 8' facing these bolt insertion holes 7 'are provided on the other side wall portion 3e. The bolt 9 'is screwed into the screw hole 8' from the bolt insertion hole 7 '.

  Similarly, the outer peripheral wall 3d of each of the cutter pieces 31 to 36 is provided with bolt insertion holes 7 'penetrating the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the peripheral wall 3d at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, while the ring-shaped outer peripheral 4 Cutter pieces 31 to 36 are formed by providing screw holes 8 'opposed to these bolt insertion holes 7' on the inner peripheral surface of the blade and screwing bolts 9 'from the bolt insertion holes 7' to the screw holes 8 '. Is detachably coupled to the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4.

  The central cutter plate portion 2 and the outer cutter plate portion 3 are formed so as to be symmetrical with respect to each other. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the central cutter plate portion 2 has the spoke-shaped face plate portion 2a. Are radially projected in four directions at an angular interval of 90 degrees from the rotation center axis 13 of the cutter plate 1 and the outer cutter plate portion 3 is basically the same size vertically and horizontally. The cutter pieces 31 to 34 having the same shape are divided into four equal parts, and both sides of one of the cutter pieces 31 are formed as key cutter pieces 35 and 36.

  Specifically, in a state where the cutter piece 31 having the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 disposed on both sides is disposed on the upper peripheral side of the cutter plate 1, the both sides of the cutter plate 1 are symmetrical to the left and right. The cutter pieces 32 and 33 on both sides that are disposed on the both sides are provided at the center in the circumferential direction so as to sandwich the face plate portion 2a on both sides of the center cutter plate portion 2 and the face plate portion 2a. In the extending direction of the pair of openings 5 and 5, the spoke-shaped central surface plate portion 3 a and the ring-shaped peripheral wall 2 c of the central cutter plate portion 2 and the inner peripheral wall portions 3 c of these cutter pieces 32 and 33 A pair of openings 5 ′ and 5 ′ parallel to each other with the central face plate portion 3a interposed therebetween are provided, and openings 5 ′ having the same shape as the openings 5 ′ are provided at both end portions in the circumferential direction. In addition, a plurality of cutters are provided forward at the edge of the face plate provided with these openings 5 ′. The door 6 are projected.

  Similarly, the cutter piece 34 disposed on the lower peripheral portion side is provided at the center portion in the circumferential direction so as to sandwich the lower spoke-shaped face plate portion 2a in the central cutter plate portion 2 and the face plate portion 2a. In the extending direction of the pair of openings 5 and 5, the spoke-shaped central face plate 3a and the central face plate are connected via the ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c of the central cutter plate 2 and the inner peripheral wall 3c of the cutter piece 34. A pair of openings 5 ′ and 5 ′ parallel to each other across the portion 3a, and openings 5 ′ having the same shape as the openings 5 ′ are provided at both end portions in the circumferential direction. A plurality of cutter bits 6 project from the end edge portion of the face plate portion provided with these openings 5 ′ toward the front.

  On the other hand, the cutter piece 31 on the upper peripheral side where the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 are arranged on both sides is the same shape as the cutter pieces 32 to 34 as the overall shape including the key cutter pieces 35 and 36. However, the two cutter pieces 35 and 36 are divided with respect to the cutter piece 31, and the upper spoke-shaped face plate portion 2 a in the central cutter plate portion 2 is formed at the center portion of the cutter piece 31. In the extending direction of the pair of openings 5 and 5 provided so as to sandwich the face plate portion 2a, spokes are formed via the ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c of the central cutter plate portion 2 and the inner peripheral wall portion 3c of the cutter piece 34. A central plane plate portion 3a having a shape and a pair of openings 5 'and 5' parallel to each other with the central plane plate portion 3a interposed therebetween are provided, and the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 on both sides have one opening at the center. 5 'is provided between the inner and outer peripheral surfaces. A plurality of cutter bits 6 project forward from the edge of the face plate portion provided with these openings 5 ′. In addition, a plurality of cutter bits 6 are provided on the front surface of the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 so as to protrude forward.

  Further, both side wall portions 3e, 3e of the cutter pieces 32, 33 disposed on both sides of the outer cutter plate portion 3, and both side wall portions 3e, 3e of the cutter piece 34 disposed on the lower periphery side, and the both sides The one side wall portion 3e of the key cutter pieces 35, 36 joined to the side wall portion 3e of the cutter pieces 32, 33 arranged on the diameter line of the cutter plate 1 is disposed on the upper peripheral side. The side wall portions 3e 'and 3e' of the cutter piece 31 and the other side wall portion 3e 'of the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 joined to the side wall portion 3e' and joined by bolts 9 'are extended. The width of the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 in the circumferential direction is gradually narrowed from the inner peripheral side toward the outer peripheral side by inclining the line in a direction intersecting the upper side on the diameter line in the vertical direction of the central cutter plate portion 2. That is, it is formed in a wedge shape.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a jack 25 oriented in the radial direction is mounted on the rear surface of the spoke-shaped arbitrary face plate portion 2a in the central cutter plate portion 2, and the copy is attached to the tip of the rod 26. The cutter 27 passes through the outer peripheral wall portion 3d of the outer cutter plate portion 3 and the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 and protrudes from the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 so that the cutter 27 can be protruded and retracted. It is configured to overcut natural ground.

  Next, the structure of the recovery type tunnel excavator provided with the cutter head configured as described above will be briefly described. As shown in FIG. 5, the tunnel excavator is excavated for use in a muddy water shield method. An outer cylinder 11 made of a cylindrical steel pipe whose outer diameter is substantially the same as the tunnel excavation diameter, and the outer peripheral end face is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the front end of the outer cylinder 11 by welding or the like. In addition, an annular plate-shaped support wall 14 provided with a circular hole 15 having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body S constructed on the tunnel excavation wall surface in the center, and the circular shape of the support wall 14 The excavator body 10 that supports the short cylindrical inner cylinder 16 in the hole 15 so that the inner cylinder 16 can be pulled out rearward via the seal material 17 and the circumferential direction on the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 11 in the longitudinal direction A plurality of propulsion jacks 18 and direction correction jacks arranged at regular intervals. It is composed of a key 19, a mud pipe 20 and 21 which is a means for discharging excavated earth and sand, and an erector 22 for assembling a segment.

  The excavator body 10 is integrally provided with a partition wall 16a sealing the opening end of the inner cylinder 16 at the front end of the short cylindrical inner cylinder 16, and the center of rotation of the cutter plate 1 at the center of the partition wall 16a. The shaft 13 is rotatably supported, and a drive motor 12 for rotating the cutter head main body 1 is mounted on the rear surface of the partition wall 16a. The rear end portion of the inner cylinder 16 of the excavator body 10 is received by a propulsion reaction force receiving member 23 that is detachably fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 11.

  The tunnel excavator configured as described above is installed in a start shaft (not shown), and the tunnel T is excavated in a predetermined direction while rotating the cutter head. Each time a certain length of tunnel is excavated, segments are assembled on the excavation wall surface by the erector 22 to cover the excavation wall surface, and the propulsion reaction force of the propulsion jack 18 is received on the front end surface of the tunnel lining body S. Thus, the tunnel excavator is advanced by extending the propulsion jack 18. At this time, the propulsive force by the propulsion jack 18 is transmitted to the excavator body 10 via the propulsion reaction force receiving member 23, and excavates the natural ground while pressing the cutter head against the face.

  The earth and sand excavated by the cutter head is taken into the earth and sand chamber 24 between the cutter head and the partition wall 16a of the excavator main body 10 through the openings 5 and 5 'provided in the cutter head main body 1. It is discharged to the tunnel side together with the muddy water by the recirculated muddy water from the above-mentioned sending and discharging mud pipes 20 and 21 communicating with the chamber 24.

  After excavating the tunnel T while lining the excavation wall surface to the predetermined position with this tunnel excavator, the excavator body 10 must be retracted through the tunnel lining body S to the start shaft side and collected. If not, first remove the erector 22, sludge pipes 20, 21, propulsion jack 18, direction-correcting jack 19, etc., and collect them backward through the tunnel lining body S and receive the propulsion reaction force. The member 23 is removed and the excavator body 10 is unfixed to the outer trunk 11, while an operator enters the earth and sand chamber 24 through an entrance (not shown) provided in the partition wall 16a and from the rear side of the cutter head body 1. The bolt 9 'that connects the peripheral wall 2c of the central cutter plate 2 and the inner peripheral wall 3c of the outer cutter plate 3 in the cutter head body 1 is removed. It should be noted that the propulsion jack 18 and the direction correcting jack 19 may be removed after the excavator body 10 is collected if it does not interfere with the recovery of the excavator body 10.

  Next, the excavator body 10 is pulled backward, and the short cylindrical inner cylinder 16 is extracted from the circular hole 15 of the support wall 14 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 11. At this time, since the central cutter plate portion 2 provided integrally with the front end portion of the rotation center shaft 13 in the cutter head main body 1 is disconnected from the outer cutter plate portion 3 as described above, as shown in FIG. Retreats integrally with the excavator body 10 and moves backward through the circular hole 15 of the support wall 14. In order to recover the excavator body 10 having the central cutter plate 2 to the start shaft through the tunnel lining body S, for example, the inner trunk of the excavator body 10 extracted from the circular hole 15 of the support wall 14 is used. Wheels (not shown) are mounted on the lower peripheral portion of 16 and the lower peripheral portion of the central cutter plate portion 2 that has passed through the circular hole 15, and these wheels roll on the inner bottom surface of the tunnel lining S. It can be done by moving.

  Thus, when the central cutter plate portion 2 of the cutter head body 1 is removed, the outer cutter plate portion 3 remains in the state of being fitted and supported on the tunnel excavation wall surface, and is surrounded by the inner peripheral surface of the outer cutter plate portion 3. As shown in FIG. 7, a space portion 28 is provided in the removal trace of the central cutter plate portion 2, that is, the extraction trace. And this space part 28 is utilized for work space, and this outer periphery cutter board part 3 is disassembled and removed.

  First, in the plurality of cutter pieces 31 to 35 forming the outer cutter plate portion 3, the key cutter pieces are incorporated so as to be detachable toward the working space portion, that is, toward the center of the cutter head main body 1. Collect and remove 35 and 36. At this time, in consideration of the safety and workability of the disassembling work of these cutter pieces 31 to 35, the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 are positioned at the upper part when the tunnel excavation work is completed in advance. The cutter head is rotated and stopped. Then, using the lower cutter piece 34 as a foothold, the bolts 9 'connecting the side wall portions 3e', 3e 'of the upper cutter piece 31 and the side wall portions 3e', 3e 'of the key cutter pieces 35, 36 to each other. And the bolt 9 'which joins the side wall 3e of the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 and the side wall 3e of the both side cutter pieces 32 and 33 is removed, and the outer peripheral wall 3d of the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 is further removed. And the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 are removed, and as shown in FIG. 8, the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 are placed between adjacent cutter pieces 31 and 32 and between 31 and 33. And then withdrawing and removing from the space 28.

  Next, after removing the bolt 9 'that joins the outer peripheral wall portion 3d of the upper cutter piece 31 to the inner peripheral surface of the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 using the space portion 28, as shown in FIG. The cutter piece 31 is collected and removed, and the two side cutter pieces 32 and 33 are similarly provided with side wall portions 3e and 3e connected to the side wall portions 3e and 3e of the lower cutter piece 34 by bolts 9 '. The bolt 9 'is removed by removing the bolt 9', and after removing the bolt 9 'connecting the outer peripheral wall portion 3d and the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4, it is recovered and removed as shown in FIG. Thereafter, the connecting bolt 9 ′ between the outer peripheral wall portion 3d of the lower cutter piece 34 and the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 is removed, and the lower cutter piece 34 is recovered and removed as shown in FIG.

  In this way, the outer cutter plate 3 is disassembled into a plurality of cutter pieces 31 to 36, carried out to the start shaft through the tunnel lining body S, recovered, and again when the next tunnel construction is performed, Used as the cutter plate part 3. On the other hand, the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 of the cutter head main body 1 is left as a part of the lining material of the tunnel excavation wall surface together with the outer trunk 11 without being collected as shown in FIG. In the embodiment described above, two key cutter pieces are incorporated among the plurality of cutter pieces 31 to 36 constituting the outer cutter plate portion 3 in the cutter head main body 1, but only one is included. The ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 may be divided into a plurality of parts according to the respective cutter pieces 31 to 36, and the structure of the outer peripheral cutter plate portion 3 provided integrally on the outer peripheral surface of each cutter piece. Good.

  Moreover, when the outer diameter of the outer cutter plate part 3 is formed to be smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body S, it is not divided into a plurality of cutter pieces 31 to 36 as described above. What is necessary is just to comprise so that this outer periphery cutter board part 3 may be collect | recovered integrally with the center cutter board part 2 after making the ring shape of integral structure and tunnel construction.

  Further, the gap formed between the rear end surface of the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 to be left on the tunnel excavation wall surface and the front end surface of the outer cylinder 11 is after the excavator body 10 and the outer cylinder 11 are disconnected. When the excavator main body 10 is recovered or after recovery, the propulsion jack 18 is extended to advance the entire outer trunk 11 on which the propulsion jack 18 is mounted with the tunnel lining body S as a fulcrum. Is brought into contact with the rear end surface of the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 to be closed.

  In the above embodiment, the structure of the face plate type cutter head has been described, but the spoke type cutter head 1 ′ is also configured in the same manner. That is, FIG. 13 is a longitudinal side view of a tunnel excavator that excavates a tunnel by a propulsion method, and FIG. 14 is a front view of the cutter head. The cutter head is freely rotatable on a partition wall 16a of the excavator body 10 ′. At the tip of the supported rotation center shaft 13 ′, the length in the radial direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotation center shaft 13 ′ is shorter than the radius of the inner diameter of the tunnel covering body S ′. A plurality (four in the figure) of the inner spoke body portion 2 'project radially, and the outer end surface of the inner spoke body portion 2' is the outer end surface of the tunnel excavator. 11. A cutter head main body 1 ′ formed by detachably connecting inner end surfaces of outer spoke body portions 3 ′ reaching the inner surface vicinity of 11 with bolts 9a, and the four outer spoke body portions 3 in the cutter head main body 1 ′. 4 'inner surface on the inner peripheral surface by bolt 9b on the outer end surface of' The outer diameter of the outer cylinder 11 and the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 ′ having substantially the same diameter are connected to each other.

  Further, the excavation diameter by the inner spoke body portion 2 ′ in the cutter head body 1 ′ is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body S ′, and the excavation diameter by the outer spoke body portion 3 ′ is the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body S ′. It is formed in a larger diameter than. A plurality of cutter bits 6 are projected from the front surfaces of the inner and outer spoke body portions 2 ′ and 3 ′ and the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion 4 ′.

  The structure of the tunnel excavator will be briefly described. The outer cylinder 11 made of a cylindrical steel pipe having an outer diameter substantially the same as the tunnel excavation diameter, and the inner diameter of the outer cylinder 11 is the tunnel lining body S. An inner cylinder 16 of an excavator body 10 'in which the outer peripheral surface is inserted so as to be able to be pulled out rearwardly on the inner peripheral surface of the front part formed in a double pipe structure slightly smaller than the inner diameter of The partition wall 16a having the outer peripheral end fixed integrally to the inner peripheral surface of the body 16 and the rotation center shaft 13 integrally provided with the cutter head 1 ′ at the tip end rotatably supported by the partition wall 16a. ', The cutter head drive motor 12, the direction correcting jack 19, the excavating earth and sand discharging means 20a composed of a screw conveyor, and the rear end of the excavator body 10' are fixed and supported on the rear inner peripheral surface of the outer trunk 11. And a propulsive force transmission member 13 to be moved.

  The tunnel excavator constructed in this way is installed in the starting shaft, and the pipe body p consisting of a fixed length of fume pipe, etc. is connected via the direction correcting jack 19, and the drive motor 12 is driven to rotate the cutter head. And the rear end face of the pipe body p is pushed by the propulsion means comprising a plurality of propulsion jacks arranged in the start shaft, and the tunnel is excavated by the tunnel p. The excavator is advanced, and the tunnel lining body S ′ is formed by the tubular body row.

  Next, in order to recover the excavator main body 10 ′ after excavating the tunnel of a predetermined length, first, after removing the excavated sediment discharging means 20a and collecting and removing it on the start shaft side, the inner spoke body 2 ′ and the outer Remove the bolt 9a connecting the spoke body part 3 'to allow the inner spoke body part 2' to come into contact with the inner peripheral surface of the outer spoke body part 3 ', while allowing the outer spoke body part 3' to ring. Connected to and supported by the outer peripheral portion 4 ′, and the propulsive force transmission member 23 is removed.

  After that, by attaching a guide roller or the like to the excavator main body 10 ′ and pulling this excavator main body 10 ′ backward as shown in FIG. 15, it is recovered and removed to the start shaft side, and the direction correcting jack 19 is also installed. to recover. Next, the outer spoke body 3 ′ is removed from the ring-shaped outer periphery 4 ′ and removed. The outer spoke body portion 3 ′ has bolts 9a, 9b that connect the inner and outer peripheral surfaces to the inner spoke body portion 2 ′ and the ring-shaped outer periphery portion 4 ′ before the excavator body 10 ′ is recovered. The inner spoke body part 2 ′ may be recovered and removed rearward together with the excavator body 10 ′.

  In this spoke-type cutter head, the diameter is increased by adding the outer spoke body part 3 ′ to the inner spoke body part 2 ′ via a bolt and removing the outer spoke body part 3 ′. However, the outer spoke body portion 3 ′ may be arranged on the inner spoke body portion 2 ′ so that it can be protruded and retracted by a jack so that the outer diameter is expanded or reduced.

The longitudinal side view of the first half part of a tunnel excavator. The front view of a cutter board. AA sectional view taken on the line in FIG. BB sectional drawing in FIG. A longitudinal side view of the entire tunnel excavator. The simplified vertical side view of the state which collect | recovers the excavator main body. The front view of the outer periphery cutter board part of the cutter board after removing a center cutter board part. The front view of the outer periphery cutter board part which has removed the key cutter piece. The front view of the state which has removed the upper cutter piece. The front view of the state which has removed the both-sides cutter piece. The front view of the state which has removed the lower cutter piece. The simplified longitudinal side view of the ring-shaped outer peripheral part left on the tunnel excavation wall surface. A longitudinal side view of a tunnel excavator that excavates a tunnel by a propulsion method. The front view of the cutter head. The simplified vertical side view of the state which collect | recovers the excavator main body.

Explanation of symbols

1 Cutter head body 2 Central cutter plate 3 Outer cutter plate 4 Ring-shaped outer periphery
10 Excavator body
31 ~ 34 Cutter piece
35, 36 Key cutter piece

Claims (5)

  A cutter head of a tunnel excavator that is recovered integrally with the excavator body through the tunnel lining body of the excavated tunnel, and is formed so that the outer diameter can be reduced to be smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body. A cutter head of a tunnel excavator comprising: a cutter head main body; and a ring-shaped outer peripheral portion that is detachably attached to an outer peripheral end of the cutter head and is left on a tunnel excavation wall along with an outer trunk of the tunnel excavator. .   The cutter head body has a central cutter plate portion whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body, and an annular outer peripheral cutter plate portion that is detachably fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate portion. The cutter head of a tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion is detachably fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral cutter plate portion.   The annular outer cutter plate part is divided into a plurality of cutter pieces, and adjacent cutter pieces are detachably coupled with bolts, and at least one of these cutter pieces has a width between both side surfaces. The cutter head of a tunnel excavator according to claim 2, further comprising a key cutter piece formed so that the width gradually decreases from the inner peripheral side toward the outer peripheral side.   The cutter head main body is composed of a plurality of spokes that can be reduced in diameter and project radially from the front end of the rotation center shaft and that have a plurality of cutter bits mounted on the front surface. The cutter head of a tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein the outer end surface of the tunnel excavator is detachably connected to the inner peripheral surface of the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion.   The spoke body includes an inner spoke body portion whose length is shorter than the radius of the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body, and an outer spoke body portion that removably fixes the inner end surface to the outer end surface of the inner spoke body portion. The cutter head of a tunnel excavator according to claim 4, wherein the outer end surface of the outer spoke body portion is detachably connected to the inner peripheral surface of the ring-shaped outer peripheral portion.

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