JP3836467B2 - Tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an improvement of a tunnel excavator in which a pipe is formed while excavating a tunnel in the ground, and then removed and collected through the pipe to enable reuse.

  In tunnel construction to form a conduit in the ground, a shield excavator is excavated from the start shaft side toward the arrival shaft, and every time a fixed length tunnel is excavated, the shield excavator is followed by a fixed length. Shield excavation that reached the final shaft by forming a pipeline by sequentially adding the buried pipes, or by lining the drilling wall according to the excavation while assembling the segments in the machine In general, the aircraft is generally recovered from the reach shaft and reused.

  However, when the reaching shaft is a narrow shaft such as an existing manhole, or when the reaching shaft is not provided, or when the reaching shaft is not provided such as when two shield excavators are docked in the ground Therefore, after excavation of the tunnel, the shield excavator must be dismantled to a size that can be carried out by gas fusing, etc., removed to the start shaft side through the tunnel, and recovered, There is a problem in that the collection work requires a lot of labor and labor, and the number of parts that can be reused is limited.

  For this reason, as described in Patent Document 1, in a shield excavator that forms a pipe in the tunnel while excavating the tunnel in the ground, the outer diameter of the pipe is approximately the same as the outer diameter of the pipe. A cylindrical outer body, and an excavator body disposed in the outer body so as to be capable of being pulled out. The excavator body is detachably locked to the inner surface of the outer body. A cutter head rotatably supported by a partition wall provided integrally with a front portion of the inner cylinder, a driving means for the cutter head, and a discharging means for excavating earth and sand excavated by the cutter head. A shield excavator has been developed in which the cutter head is formed to be extendable.

Then, when the tunnel is excavated to a predetermined length by this shield excavator, the excavated earth and sand discharging means is collected and removed through the pipeline, and the cutter head is reduced in diameter to the inner cylinder or less, and the outer cylinder is After unlocking the inner cylinder, the outer cylinder is buried in the excavation wall surface and left in a state of being removed, while the excavator body is recovered and removed through the pipe line, so that it can be used again.
JP 2001-317285 A

  However, the shield excavator inserts and disengages the outer diameter of the inner cylinder of the excavator body into the outer cylinder so that the outer diameter is equal to the outer diameter of the pipe to be formed. Since it is formed to have a diameter corresponding to the inner diameter of the outer cylinder so that it can be stopped, when the excavator body is recovered and used again, the inner cylinder of the excavator body has the same outer diameter as the outer cylinder. It must be used in a state where it is inserted and locked into a new outer cylinder, so that only pipes having the same diameter as the above pipes can be formed, and pipes having different diameters can be formed. There is a problem that it is difficult to re-use for use.

  Therefore, as the outer cylinder, a tunnel excavator is also known in which the outer diameter is changed according to the excavation diameter without changing the inner diameter to insert and lock the inner cylinder of the excavator body. Because the inner diameter of the excavator body does not change, the larger the outer diameter of the pipeline to be formed, the larger the outer cylinder must be used. Therefore, the thickness of the outer cylinder can be increased. For example, the amount of extension of the cutter head that expands the cutter head from the minimum diameter state to the maximum diameter expansion state increases, and a large bending moment is generated when excavating the ground with the excavation bit protruding from the diameter expansion portion. There is a possibility that the expanded diameter portion may not be able to withstand the force.

  Furthermore, the outer end opening of the spoke is inserted into the spoke piece in which the cutter head projects a drill bit in a hollow spoke from which a plurality of drill bits protrude forward. In the case of a spoke-type cutter head that can be projected and retracted in the radial direction from the inside, the protruding length of the spoke piece from inside the spoke must be less than or equal to the spoke length. However, there is a problem that it is greatly limited. Even if it is intended to use a cutter head having a long spoke length, it cannot be used because it must be reduced to the inner diameter of the excavator body during collection as described above.

  Further, in order to enable the formation of a small-diameter pipe line, if the outer diameter of the inner trunk is formed as small as possible, after the excavator body is recovered, the excavator body is larger than the pipe line. When the pipe is reused to form a pipe having a diameter, the gap between the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder formed to have an outer diameter equal to the outer diameter of the pipe and the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder of the excavator body As the distance increases, it becomes difficult to connect and lock the inner cylinder to the outer cylinder. An object of the present invention is to provide a tunnel excavator that can completely eliminate such problems.

  In order to achieve the above object, a tunnel excavator according to the present invention is a tunnel excavator that forms a pipeline in the tunnel while excavating the tunnel in the ground as described in claim 1, An outer cylinder disposed on the front side of the pipe and having an outer diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the pipe, an excavator body disposed in the outer cylinder, and an inner peripheral surface of the front end of the outer cylinder A ring body having an inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the conduit, and a propulsion force transmission member that detachably connects the excavator body and the outer cylinder, the excavator body at the front end. A partition wall is integrally provided and the inner cylinder has a smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the ring body, and the front surface of the outer cylinder is excavated by the partition wall so as to be rotatable, and the outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the ring body. The cutter head can be reduced in diameter and the cutter head mounted on the rear surface of the partition The inner peripheral surface is detachably fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder between the ring body and the inner cylinder of the excavator body, and the outer peripheral surface slides on the inner peripheral end surface of the ring body. An intermediate ring member that is in contact is interposed.

  In the shield excavator configured as described above, the invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that the intermediate annular member is formed to have a thickness corresponding to the diameter of the pipe line, and between the intermediate annular member and the outer cylinder. The propulsive force transmitting member is detachably connected to the first and second inventions, and the invention according to claim 3 is characterized in that the drive unit of the cutter head is arranged on the rear surface of the partition wall by a large number of drive motors concentrically. It is characterized by comprising. The invention according to claim 4 is characterized in that the cutter head is configured such that the minimum diameter when the diameter is reduced is larger than the outer diameter of the inner cylinder and smaller than the inner diameter of the ring body.

  According to the shield excavator of the present invention, the tunnel excavator forms a pipe line in the tunnel while excavating the tunnel in the ground, and is disposed on the front side of the pipe and has an outer diameter. A ring body is integrally provided in a front end portion of an outer cylinder having substantially the same diameter as the outer diameter of the pipe line, and an inner cylinder of an excavator body in which a cutter head is rotatably provided rather than the inner diameter of the ring body. Since the outer diameter is small, a space corresponding to the thickness of the inner and outer diameters of the ring body is obtained between these inner and outer cylinders, and the space section is jacked along the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder. Can be easily arranged, and a large work space in the machine can be secured, thereby facilitating the work. In addition, an intermediate annular member having an inner peripheral surface detachably fixed to an outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder between the ring body and the inner cylinder of the excavator body, and an outer peripheral surface slidably contacting the inner peripheral end surface of the ring body. Therefore, even if the outer diameter of the pipe to be formed is different, the intermediate ring is left without changing the thickness between the inner and outer peripheral end faces of the ring body and the outer diameter of the inner cylinder of the excavator body. By using the thickness between the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the member in accordance with the diameter of the pipe, it is possible to reuse the excavator body and use a large-diameter pipe or a small-diameter pipe. It can be reliably formed.

  Furthermore, since the cutter head is formed so that the outer diameter when the diameter is reduced is smaller than the inner diameter of the ring body, a small-diameter pipe is formed even when a large-diameter pipe is formed. Even if it is a case, adopting a cutter head formed so that the reduced diameter becomes a diameter that can pass through the ring body, the diameter of the cutter head is enlarged regardless of the diameter of the pipe, The length can be shortened according to the thickness of the ring body. Therefore, a tunnel with a predetermined diameter can be dug smoothly and surely without a large bending moment acting on the expanded portion during excavation. it can.

  In addition, by connecting the intermediate ring member and the outer cylinder with a detachable propulsion force transmission member, the propulsion force acting on the outer cylinder during tunnel excavation can be reliably transmitted to the excavator body through this transmission member. Of course, the outer cylinder has a large diameter or a small diameter, that is, whether the pipe formed while excavating the tunnel has a large diameter or a small diameter, The connecting length of the propulsive force transmitting member that connects the intermediate annular member and the outer cylinder is constant, and in any case, the connecting length can be surely connected. Can be removed, and the collection operation can be performed smoothly.

  Furthermore, a large number of drive motors constituting the drive unit of the cutter head are arranged concentrically on the rear surface of the partition wall, so that a high output capable of digging a tunnel with a wide range of diameters can be obtained. It is economical because the number of times the machine body is shared increases.

  Next, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows that a pipe A is formed by propelling and embedding a pipe body a on a drilling wall surface while excavating a tunnel T by a propulsion method. FIG. 2 is a simplified longitudinal side view of the tunnel excavator, and a cylindrical outer cylinder 1 having a constant length substantially the same as the outer diameter of the pipe A to be formed, and an inner periphery of the front end portion of the outer cylinder 1 A ring body 2 having an outer peripheral end face fixed integrally to the surface by welding or the like and having an inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe A, and an excavator body 10 disposed in the outer cylinder 1; The outer cylinder 1 and the excavator main body 10 are detachably connected to each other and a propulsive force transmission member 3 is further provided. The outer cylinder 1 and the earth and sand discharging means 5 including a folding jack 4 and a screw conveyor are provided.

  The excavator main body 10 has a front partition wall 11 integrally provided on the front end surface, an inner cylinder 12 having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the ring body 2 and shorter than the outer cylinder 1, and the inner cylinder 12. The rotation center shaft 13 that passes through the center of the cutter 11 and is rotatably supported by the partition wall 11 and the center of the cutter head 14 are fixed to the front end (tip) of the cutter head 14 so that the center of the shaft is integrally fixed. And a cutter head drive unit 15 mounted on the rear surface of the rear partition wall 11 ′ provided integrally with the rear end surface of the inner cylinder 12, and the inside of the excavator body 10 An intermediate circle whose inner peripheral surface is detachably fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 12 between the tube 12 and the ring body 2 and whose outer peripheral surface is in sliding contact with the inner peripheral end surface of the ring body 2 via the sealing material 6. An annular member 7 is interposed. The intermediate ring member 7 is formed to have a thickness corresponding to the diameter of the pipe line A formed by the pipe body a embedded in the excavation wall surface of the tunnel, and the length is longer than the length of the inner cylinder 12. Further, the front end surface is formed on the same vertical plane as the front surface of the front partition 11 and the rear portion protrudes rearward from the inner cylinder 12.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the cutter head 14 extends from the front end of the rotation center shaft 13 from the center of the rotation center shaft 13 in a direction orthogonal to the rotation center shaft 13 (outer diameter direction). A plurality of (four in the figure) hollow spokes 14a that are shorter than ½ of the outer diameter of the intermediate annular member 7 and longer than ½ of the outer diameter of the inner cylinder 12 project radially. In each hollow spoke 14a, an outer spoke piece 14b is housed so as to be able to protrude outward from the opening end of the hollow spoke 14a, and is long at both ends of the front end of the hollow spoke 14a and the outer spoke piece 14b. A plurality of excavation bits 14c are projected forward at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, and adjacent hollow spokes 14a, 14a are integrally connected by the arc-shaped connecting piece 14d between the opposite sides of the outer ends. It is formed in the spoke type cutter head.

  The outer spoke piece 14b accommodated in each hollow spoke 14a is formed by causing the outer spoke piece 4b to protrude from the open end of the hollow spoke 14a by the operation of the jack 20 mounted in the hollow spoke 14a, that is, the cutter head. The outer diameter of 14 is expanded and contracted from a length (outer diameter) substantially equal to the outer diameter of the outer cylinder 1 to a length (outer diameter) that is smaller than the inner diameter of the ring body 2. A center bit 14c ′ is provided on the front surface of the rotation center shaft 13.

  The propulsive force transmission member 3 detachably connected to the outer cylinder 1 and the excavator main body 10 is connected and fixed so that the horizontal surface portion of the L-shaped connection fitting 3a is detachably attached to the inner end portion with a bolt or the like. The propulsive force transmitting member 3 is arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction and the outer end surface thereof is welded to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 1 at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction. The intermediate ring is fixed integrally and detachably fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 12 of the excavator body 10 with the vertical front end surface of the connection fitting 3a integrally provided at the inner end. The member 7 is fixed to the rear end surface of the member 7 so as to be removable with a bolt or the like at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction.

  The outer cylinder 1 is divided into a front body portion 1a and a rear body portion 1b shorter than the front body portion 1a, and an outer peripheral surface is a convex arcuate curved surface on the inner peripheral surface of the front end portion of the rear body portion 1b. The outer peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the middle bent portion 8 formed on the outer peripheral portion is integrally fixed, and the middle bent portion 8 is refractably connected to the inner peripheral surface of the rear end portion of the front barrel portion 1a through a sealing material. is doing. Then, the bent jacks 4 are arranged at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction along the inner peripheral surface of the rear half of the outer cylinder 1, for example, in four directions, and the front and rear ends of each bent jack 4 are connected to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 1. By connecting the bracket 9a projecting to the bracket 9b and the bracket 9b projecting to the inner peripheral surface of the middle folding portion 8 to extend and contract these middle folding jacks 4, the front barrel portion 1b is The body 1a is configured to be refracted in a predetermined direction. The outer end surface of the propulsive force transmitting member 3 is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the front body portion 1a. Further, a flange portion 1c is formed at the rear end of the rear body portion 1b to allow the front end surface of the tube body a to be embedded inward to follow in a contact state.

  Further, the drive unit 15 of the cutter head 14 receives a large rotational torque from the multiple drive motors 15a mounted on the rear surface of the rear partition wall 11 'integrally provided on the rear surface side of the inner cylinder 12 as the center of rotation. The shaft 13 is configured to transmit via a meshing gear mechanism (not shown) or the like disposed on the inner cylinder 12, and these drive motors 15a are disposed concentrically.

  Further, the space between the rear surface of the cutter head 14 and the front partition wall 11 is formed in a sand chamber 16 that takes in the sand excavated by the cutter head 14 and temporarily retains it. The excavated sediment is discharged backward through the discharge means 5. The discharge means 5 is composed of a screw conveyor as described above. The front end opening of the discharge means 5 passes through the lower peripheral portion of the ring body 2 and faces the lower end of the earth and sand chamber 16 and faces backward from the partition wall 11. Are disposed obliquely upward. The excavated earth and sand are discharged through the discharge means 5 while being mixed with the muddy water supplied from the muddy water supply pipe 17 communicating with the earth and sand chamber 16 through the upper peripheral portion of the ring body 2. Further, in the place where the front end portion of the earth and sand discharging means 5 is disposed, the intermediate annular member 7 is cut away leaving the front end portion.

  Next, in order to construct the pipe line A in the ground by the tunnel excavator configured as described above, the tunnel excavator is first installed in the start shaft B (shown in FIG. 3), and its cutter head 14 Is expanded to a diameter that reaches the outer diameter of the outer cylinder 1 on the front side of the outer cylinder 1, and the substantially same outer diameter of the outer cylinder 1 is set at the rear end of the rear trunk 1b of the tunnel excavator. The front end of the tube body a made of a fume tube is connected in a butting manner. In this state, the cutter head 14 is rotated and the rear end surface of the pipe body a is pushed forward by the propulsion means C including a plurality of propulsion jacks disposed on the rear end surface of the start shaft B to dig the tunnel.

  Then, when the tunnel excavator propels for a certain length from the start shaft B into the ground, the front end of the next pipe a is connected to the rear end of the pipe a, and the rear end of the pipe a is moved by the propulsion means C. The tunnel excavator is further excavated along the tunnel plan line while the head pipe a is made to follow the pipe a, and hereinafter, every time a tunnel of a certain length is excavated by the tunnel excavator, the start shaft B On the side, the pipe body a is sequentially pushed forward while being connected to form the pipe line A as shown in FIG. While the earth and sand excavated by the cutter head 14 is taken into the earth and sand chamber 16, the earth and sand chamber 16 is filled with the mud supplied from the mud water supply pipe 17 as described above to stabilize the face. At the same time, the muddy water is caused to flow together with excavated earth and sand into the earth and sand discharging means 5 comprising a screw conveyor, and the excavated earth and sand are discharged to the start shaft side.

  The propulsive force by the propulsion means C is transmitted from the tubular body row to the rear trunk portion 1b of the tunnel excavator, and further from the rear trunk portion 1b to the front trunk portion 1a via the folding jack 4, and the front trunk portion 1a It is transmitted to the excavator main body 10 via the propulsive force transmission member 3 connecting the inner cylinder 12 of the excavator main body 10 and digs while pressing the cutter head 14 against the face ground. In addition, when the tunnel excavator is corrected or the curved tunnel portion is excavated while the tunnel is being dug, the center jack 4 is operated to move the front barrel portion 1a in a predetermined direction with respect to the rear barrel portion 1b. This is done by refracting.

  Next, a method for removing and collecting the excavator main body 10 on the start shaft side after excavating a predetermined length of tunnel with this shield excavator to form the pipe A will be described. When the shield excavator reaches a predetermined position as shown in FIG. 4, the earth and sand discharging means 5 comprising a screw conveyor is attached to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 1 from the lower peripheral portion of the ring body 2 as shown in FIGS. As shown in Fig. 4, the vehicle is placed on a carriage (not shown) that is separated and travels on the pipeline A, and is removed and collected on the start shaft B side.

  Thereafter, several traction brackets 18 are attached to a portion of the rear end surface of the intermediate annular member 7 fixed on the inner cylinder 12 of the excavator body 10 where the propulsive force transmission member 3 is not attached. As shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the top surface is a pipe on the inner bottom surface on both sides of the lower peripheral portion of the outer cylinder 1 located on both sides of the earth and sand discharging means 5 and on the inner peripheral surfaces on both sides of the upper peripheral portion of the outer cylinder 1. Rail members 19 and 19 having a continuous height on the inner peripheral surface of the path A are laid. Further, wheels 21, 21 that roll on the rail members 19, 19 are mounted on both the upper peripheral side and the lower peripheral side of the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate annular member 7. The wheels 21 and 21 and the traction bracket 18 may be attached to the intermediate annular member 7 in advance.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, all the outer spoke pieces 14b are accommodated in the hollow spokes 14a by contracting the jacks 20 provided in the hollow spokes 14a of the cutter head 14, and the cutter head 14 The connecting member 3a of the propulsive force transmitting member 3 that integrally connects the outer cylinder 1 and the intermediate annular member 7 is made smaller than the inner diameter of the ring body 2, and the propulsive force transmitting member 3 The excavator body 10 is separated from the outer cylinder 1 by removing it from the inner end surface of the rigid member and the rear end surface of the intermediate annular member 7.

  After that, as shown in FIG. 11, when the tip of the tow rope is connected to the tow bracket 18 and pulled from the start shaft B by an appropriate towing means (not shown), the outer cylinder 1 is placed on the tunnel excavation wall surface. The excavator body 10 rolls the wheel 21 on the inner peripheral surface of the pipe body a forming the pipe line A from the rail member 19 while passing the cutter head 14 through the ring body 2 in the remaining state. Then, it is pulled out backward, removed to the start shaft B side through the pipe A, collected, and carried out of the tunnel. On the other hand, the outer cylinder 1 covering the excavation wall surface is left at the reach of the tunnel excavator, but the bent jack 4 attached to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 1 is externally attached as shown in FIG. It is removed from the tube 1 and collected and used together with the excavator body 10 for the next tunnel excavation work.

  When the next tunnel excavation work is a tunnel excavation work having a diameter larger than the tunnel diameter, the intermediate ring member 7 mounted on the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 12 of the recovered excavator body 10 is attached. The intermediate ring member is replaced with a thick intermediate ring member having a thickness corresponding to the difference between the previous tunnel diameter and the tunnel diameter, and the inner peripheral surface of the intermediate ring member is detachably fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 12 and the outer periphery. When the surface is brought into sliding contact with the inner peripheral end surface of the ring body, which is fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder having the same outer diameter as the large-diameter tunnel, via the sealing material, and the cutter head 14 is also reduced to the minimum diameter The cutter head is replaced with a cutter head which is larger by a dimension corresponding to the difference between the previous tunnel diameter and the larger tunnel diameter, and attached to the front end of the rotation center shaft 13 of the excavator body 10.

  Similarly, when the next tunnel excavation work is a tunnel excavation work having a diameter smaller than the tunnel diameter, the intermediate annular member 7 attached to the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 12 of the excavator main body 10 is attached to the front end. The inner ring surface of the intermediate ring member is detachably fixed to the outer circumferential surface of the inner cylinder 12 by replacing it with a thin intermediate ring member having a dimension corresponding to the difference between the tunnel diameter of this small diameter and the small diameter of the tunnel. The surface is slidably contacted with the inner peripheral end surface of the ring body fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder having the same outer diameter as that of the small-diameter tunnel through the sealing material, while the cutter head 14 is also reduced to the minimum diameter. The cutter head 14 having a diameter corresponding to the difference between the previous tunnel diameter and the smaller tunnel diameter is replaced with a cutter head 14 which is attached to the front end of the rotation center shaft 13.

  Note that the outer cylinder 1 is formed to have substantially the same dimension between the inner and outer peripheral end faces of the ring body 2 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 1 regardless of whether it has a large diameter or a small diameter. Therefore, the protruding length of the outer spoke piece 14b protruding from the hollow spokes 14a constituting the cutter head 14 to the outer peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 1 is the same regardless of whether the tunnel to be excavated has a large diameter or a small diameter. Almost no change is made, so that the outer spoke piece 14b can be smoothly excavated without applying a large bending moment.

  Next, in the above-described embodiment, the tunnel excavator that forms the pipe A by propelling and burying the pipe body a on the excavation wall surface while excavating the tunnel T by the propulsion method has been described. The present invention can also be applied to a tunnel excavator used in the type shield construction method. FIG. 13 shows the tunnel excavator (shield excavator). The tunnel excavator in the above embodiment is different from the tunnel excavator in that the pipe A ′ is formed by the segment S and the segment S assembly erector 22. And a shield jack 23, a sediment discharge means 5 'that removes excavated sediment by reflux mud, and the length of the rear barrel 1b of the outer cylinder 1 is long and the segment S in the rear Since the other structures are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, the same parts are denoted by the same reference numerals, and detailed description thereof is omitted.

  That is, this tunnel excavator is similar to the tunnel excavator described in the above embodiment, and has a cylindrical outer cylinder 1 having a constant length substantially the same as the outer diameter of the pipe A ′ to be formed. A ring body 2 whose outer peripheral end face is integrally fixed to the inner peripheral face of the front end portion of the outer cylinder 1 by welding or the like, and whose inner diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe line A ′, and the outer cylinder 1 The excavator main body 10 disposed inside, the propulsion force transmission member 3 that connects the outer cylinder 1 and the excavator main body 10 so as to be detachable, and further, the earth and sand including the bent jack 4 and the screw conveyor. The excavator body 10 has a spoke-type cutter head at the front end of a rotation center shaft 13 that is rotatably supported at the center portion of the partition wall 11 provided in the inner cylinder 12. The center of 14 is fixed integrally, and this cutter head 14 is placed behind the inner cylinder 12. It is configured to rotate by the cutter head drive unit 15 mounted on the rear surface side of the partition wall 11 '. The inner peripheral surface is detachably fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the inner cylinder 12 between the inner cylinder 12 of the excavator body 10 and the ring body 2, and the outer peripheral surface is sealed to the inner peripheral end surface of the ring body 2. An intermediate annular member 7 slidably in contact with the material 6 is interposed.

  The erector 22 is disposed on a peripheral frame 24 fixed to the front inner peripheral surface of the rear trunk portion 1b, and is configured to assemble the segment S into a ring shape in the rear trunk portion 1b. Along with the above-mentioned middle folding jack 4, it is disposed at predetermined intervals in the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder 1 and is fixed on the inner surface of the middle folding portion 8. The earth and sand discharging means 5 ′ is composed of a mud pipe that passes through the lower peripheral part of the ring body 2 having the front end opening fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 1 and faces the earth and sand chamber 16; As is well known, the front end opening of the mud pipe 17 'passes through the upper periphery of the ring body 2 and faces the earth and sand chamber 16, and the mud is passed through the mud pipe 17' from the start shaft as is well known. The soil and sand excavated by the cutter head 14 are discharged to the start shaft side through the mud pipe together with mud water.

  With this configuration, the rod end of the jack 23 is formed by the segment S by extending the shield jack 23 while rotating the cutter head 14 with the diameter expanded to the outer diameter of the outer cylinder 1. The entire tunnel excavator is advanced while being pressed against the front end surface of the pipe A ′ and receiving the propulsion reaction force on the front end face of the pipe A ′. When the pipe A 'of a certain length is formed up to a predetermined position, the mud pipe 17' and the mud pipe forming the sediment discharge means 5 'are separated from the ring body 2 and removed to the start shaft B side. ,to recover.

  After that, in the same manner as in the above embodiment, several pieces are attached to the rear end face of the intermediate annular member 7 fixed on the inner cylinder 12 of the excavator body 10 on the portion where the propulsive force transmission member 3 is not attached. A bracket for pulling (not shown) is attached, and rail members (not shown) are laid on the inner bottom surfaces on both sides of the lower peripheral portion of the outer cylinder 1 and the inner peripheral surfaces on both sides of the upper peripheral portion of the outer cylinder 1. Furthermore, wheels (not shown) that roll on the rail member are mounted on both the upper peripheral side and the lower peripheral side on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate annular member 7. In addition, since the pipe line A ′ is formed by segment lining, it is not preferable to run the wheels of the excavator body 10 directly on the inner surface of the pipe line A ′. Therefore, a rail continuous to the starting shaft is laid on the pipe A ′, and the excavator body 10 is removed from the rail member through the rail and collected.

  Removal and recovery of the excavator body 10 are performed in the same manner as in the above embodiment by retracting the jacks 20 provided in the hollow spokes 14a of the cutter head 14 so that all the outer spoke pieces 14b are placed in the hollow spokes 14a. The connecting fitting 3a of the propulsive force transmission member 3 is housed and the outer diameter of the cutter head 14 is made smaller than the inner diameter of the ring body 2 and the outer cylinder 1 and the intermediate ring member 7 are integrally connected. The excavator body 10 is separated from the outer cylinder 1 by removing it from the inner end face of the rigid member of the propulsion force transmitting member 3 and the rear end face of the intermediate annular member 7.

  After that, the tip of the tow rope is connected to the tow bracket 18 and pulled from the start shaft C by an appropriate towing means (not shown), or on the rail laid on the pipe A ′. A tow truck is disposed, and the excavator body 10 is towed and removed by the tow truck. In this case, an appropriate place of the excavator body 10 may be connected to the towing cart without providing the towing bracket 18. After the excavator body 10 is removed and collected, the folded jack 4 and shield jack 23 are also removed and collected for use in the next tunnel excavation work.

  In any of the above embodiments, the mechanism for expanding and reducing the diameter of the cutter head 14 employs a mechanism that causes the outer spoke piece 14b to protrude from the hollow spoke 14a by the operation of the jack 20. A spoke piece of a certain length is detachably connected to the outer end, and when the spoke piece is connected, the cutter head 14 has an outer diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the outer cylinder 1 and when the spoke piece is removed. The outer diameter of the cutter head 14 may be configured such that it can be removed through the ring body 2. Furthermore, not only in the case of the spoke type, when the outer peripheral portion of the face plate-shaped cutter head is formed in a detachable portion and the portion is attached, the cutter head has an outer diameter substantially equal to the outer diameter of the outer cylinder 1. When removed, the diameter may be configured to be removable through the ring body 2.

A simplified longitudinal side view of a tunnel excavator. The front view of a cutter head. A simplified longitudinal side view of a state where a tunnel has been excavated to a predetermined length. The simplified longitudinal side view of the tunnel excavator reaching a predetermined position. The simple vertical side view of the state which removes earth and sand discharge means. The simplified vertical side view in the case of attaching a tow bracket. The simplified vertical side view of the state which has laid the rail member. The simplified vertical side view of the laid rail member part. The simplified vertical side view of the state which diameter-reduces a cutter head. The simplified vertical side view of the state which removes a connection metal fitting. The simplified vertical side view of the state which collect | recovers the excavator main body. The simplified vertical side view of the state which collect | recovers a middle broken jack. The simplified vertical side view which shows another embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer cylinder body 2 Ring body 3 Propulsive force transmission member 4 Middle folding jack 5 Sediment discharge means 6 Sealing material 7 Intermediate ring member
10 Excavator body
11 Bulkhead
12 inner cylinder
13 Center of rotation
14 Cutter head
14a Hollow spoke
14b Outer spoke piece
15 Cutter drive unit
16 Sediment chamber A Pipe line

Claims (4)

  A tunnel excavator that forms a pipe in the tunnel while excavating the tunnel in the ground, and is disposed on the front side of the pipe and has an outer diameter substantially the same as the outer diameter of the pipe An outer cylinder, an excavator body disposed in the outer cylinder, a ring body integrally provided on the inner peripheral surface of the front end of the outer cylinder and having an inner diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the pipe, and the excavator The excavator main body is provided with a bulkhead integrally formed at the front end, and an inner cylinder having a smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the ring body, and is rotatable to the bulkhead. A cutter head that is supported by a drilling machine and is capable of excavating the front ground of the outer cylinder and having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the ring body, and a cutter head drive unit mounted on the rear surface of the partition wall. And between the ring body and the inner cylinder of the excavator body Tunneling machine the inner peripheral surface outer peripheral surface is detachably secured to the outer peripheral surface of the inner tube, characterized in that it is interposed an intermediate annular member in sliding contact with the inner peripheral surface of the ring body.   The intermediate annular member is formed to have a thickness corresponding to the diameter of the pipe, and a propulsive force transmitting member is detachably connected between the intermediate annular member and the outer cylinder. Item 2. A tunnel excavator according to item 1.   The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein the drive unit of the cutter head includes a plurality of drive motors arranged concentrically on the rear surface of the partition wall.   2. The tunnel excavator according to claim 1, wherein the cutter head is configured such that a minimum diameter when the diameter is reduced is larger than an outer diameter of the inner cylinder and smaller than an inner diameter of the ring body.

Images