JP4731308B2 - Cutter plate for tunnel excavator - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cutter plate for a tunnel excavator that has been excavated in the ground and then collected through the tunnel and can be reused.

  In tunnel construction where a tunnel lining body is constructed on the excavation wall surface while excavating a tunnel in the ground from the start shaft side with a tunnel excavator, when the tunnel excavator reaches the arrival shaft, It is collected on the ground and reused, but there are existing manholes on the arrival side, or there are buildings in the surrounding area and there are no reaching shafts, or two tunnels If you do not provide a reach shaft as in the case where the excavator is docked in the ground, or if the reach shaft is not completed, or if the tunnel excavator is made to reach the existing long pipeline so as to be orthogonal, etc. The tunnel excavator must be withdrawn toward the start shaft side and collected.

  As such a recovery-type tunnel excavator, for example, as described in Patent Document 1, the outer diameter of the outer cylinder is the same as the tunnel diameter, and the outer cylinder can be pulled back into the outer cylinder. There is known a tunnel excavator composed of an excavator main body arranged, and the excavator main body is detachably locked to an inner surface of the outer trunk, and a cylindrical inner trunk and a front portion of the inner trunk. A cutter head rotatably supported by a partition wall provided integrally, a driving means for the cutter head, and a discharging means for excavating sediment excavated by the cutter head, and the diameter of the cutter head can be reduced. Forming.

  And when the tunnel is excavated to a predetermined length by this tunnel excavator, the excavated sediment discharging means is collected and removed through the tunnel lining body, and the cutter head is reduced in diameter to the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body, and After unlocking the inner body from the outer body, the excavator body is recovered and removed rearward through the tunnel lining body with the outer body left on the excavation wall surface.

  In the tunnel excavator configured as described above, the diameter of the cutter head that can be reduced in diameter is such that several spokes having a plurality of cutter bits projecting forward are rotated by a drive motor. The central cutter head is formed radially from the tip of the central shaft in the outer diameter direction, and a central cutter head is formed by these spokes to excavate the tunnel central portion smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining, and the projection of each spoke A spoke piece with a plurality of cutter bits projecting forward is detachably attached to the end face, and a tunnel diameter equal to the outer diameter of the tunnel lining body is excavated by these spoke pieces. ing.

On the other hand, since the cutter plate of the tunnel excavator is a spoke type, it is not suitable for excavating soft ground that tends to collapse or ground that is likely to generate groundwater, even though it is suitable for excavating hard ground with excellent independence. is there. In order to excavate such collapsible ground, a so-called face plate type cutter plate is used. To apply this cutter plate to a recovery type tunnel excavator, the outer diameter is larger than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body. A central cutter plate portion having a small diameter and an outer peripheral cutter plate portion are detachably connected to the outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate portion, for example, as described in Patent Document 2, and this outer cutter plate The part is configured to excavate a tunnel diameter equal to the outer diameter of the tunnel lining body.
Japanese Patent No. 3439745 Japanese Patent No. 2038809

  According to the cutter head in the recovery-type tunnel excavator described in Patent Document 1, the protruding end surface of the spoke body forming the central cutter head portion and the inner end surface of the spoke piece joined to the protruding end surface, Since the bolts are formed on surfaces parallel to the axis of the cutter head, they are coupled by bolts, so the reaction force generated when digging while pressing the cutter head against the face ground is applied to the coupling bolt between the spoke body and the spoke piece. Directly acting as a large force to shear the bolt, there is a possibility that the bolt may be deformed by the shearing force, and when it is deformed, the excavator body is recovered backward through the tunnel lining body When doing so, there is a problem that it becomes impossible to smoothly release the connection between the spoke body and the spoke piece.

  In addition, when disassembling and collecting spoke pieces from the spoke body, even if the connecting bolt of the spoke piece to the spoke body is removed, the tip of the outer body of the tunnel excavator exists behind the spoke piece. In addition, the spoke body cannot be recovered to the inside of the machine, so that an operator must go out to the excavation surface side of the cutter head and perform the removal work, which is not only dangerous for work but also work Removal is difficult because the space is extremely small.

  In addition, when two tunnel excavators are docked in the ground, or when the tunnel excavator reaches the existing pipe line so as to be orthogonal, when the front ground of the tunnel excavator is improved, Since there is no working space on the excavation surface side, there is a problem that it cannot be recovered.

  On the other hand, according to the cutter plate described in Patent Document 2, since the outer cutter plate portion is formed in an annular shape, the outer peripheral end face can be closely attached to and supported by the tunnel excavation wall surface. After removing the bolts connecting the outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate part and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cutter plate part, the central cutter plate part is extracted from the inner peripheral surface of the outer cutter plate part. Although it can be collected rearward integrally with the main body, the joint surface between the central cutter plate portion and the outer cutter plate portion is formed on a surface parallel to the axis of the cutter head, as in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1. Therefore, when digging while pressing the cutter head against the face ground, the reaction force acting on the outer cutter plate part is a large force that directly shears the bolt to the connecting bolt between the spoke body and the spoke piece. Acting as its There is a possibility that bolts or deformed by shear force, during the recovery of the excavator body, there is a problem that operation of extracting the central cutter plate portion from an outer peripheral cutter plate can not smoothly performed.

  In addition, when the excavator body is moved backward and the central cutter plate portion is extracted backward from the outer cutter plate portion, the excavator body is accurately pulled in the direction of the axis while considering the axis of the excavator body. Since it is simply performed by pulling the excavator main body backward, the inner peripheral surface of the outer cutter plate portion and the outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate portion joined to the inner peripheral surface The center cutter plate portion cannot be smoothly pulled out from the outer cutter plate portion, and the outer cutter plate portion tends to retreat integrally with the central cutter plate portion, or However, there is a problem that the shaft core is displaced in a tilting direction due to the twisting force.

  The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and an object of the present invention is a cutter plate including a central cutter plate portion and an annular outer peripheral cutter plate portion. It enables smooth digging while reliably receiving the propulsion reaction force acting on the outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate part, and when the excavator body is recovered, the central cutter plate part can be pulled out of the outer cutter plate part. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cutter plate for a tunnel excavator that can be easily and smoothly performed, and that when the outer cutter plate portion is recovered, the recovery operation can be performed efficiently.

In order to achieve the above object, a cutter plate of a tunnel excavator according to the present invention is a cutter plate in a tunnel excavator that is collected through a tunnel excavation body of an excavated tunnel as described in claim 1, and has an outer diameter. There consists above and a small-diameter central cutter plate than the inside diameter of the tunnel lining member, an outer peripheral cutter plate portion of the annular shape that is joined to the inner peripheral surface to the outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate portion, the outer peripheral cutter The plate part is divided into a plurality of cutter pieces, and adjacent cutter pieces are detachably coupled with bolts, and at least one of these cutter pieces has a width between both side surfaces from the inner peripheral side to the outer peripheral side. A key cutter piece formed so as to be gradually narrowed toward the side is provided, and each cutter piece including the key cutter piece has a plurality of cutter bits before protruding. A peripheral wall with a fixed width projects from the periphery of the plate portion toward the rear, and the opposing side wall portions of the cutter pieces adjacent in the circumferential direction are joined and detachably connected by bolts. The inner peripheral wall portion of the piece is formed on an inclined peripheral wall surface inclined in the outer diameter direction toward the rear, and the predetermined outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate is inclined in the diameter increasing direction toward the rear. It has a structure in which each part is joined and detachable by bolts .

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the outer cutter has a central cutter plate portion whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body, and the inner peripheral surface is joined to the outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate portion, and the rear side. Cutter plate composed of a ring-shaped outer peripheral cutter plate portion that is coupled so as to be able to be pulled out toward the rear, and the joint surface between the central cutter plate portion and the outer peripheral cutter plate portion is expanded in the diameter direction from the front toward the rear. Therefore, the driving reaction force acting on the outer cutter plate during tunnel excavation can be reliably and firmly received by the outer peripheral taper surface of the central cutter plate. In addition to the smooth excavation work, the above-mentioned propulsion reaction force acting on the bolt connecting the central cutter plate portion and the outer cutter plate portion can be greatly reduced, and the bolt is deformed by the propulsion reaction force. Prevent Bets can be, therefore, it is possible to release operation of the bolt coupling the central cutter plate portion and the outer peripheral cutter plate portion during recovery of the excavator main body easily.

  Further, when the excavator main body is recovered integrally with the central cutter plate portion, the excavator main body is slightly retracted, and the inner side of the outer cutter plate portion that is inclined in the diameter-expanding direction toward the rear. Like the peripheral surface, a gap is generated between the outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate portion that is inclined in the direction of expansion toward the rear, and as the central cutter plate portion moves rearward in the outer cutter plate portion, the gap is increased. As the towing direction is slightly inclined with respect to the machine axis direction of the excavator body, the central cutter plate part can be smoothly moved together with the excavator body without causing a twisting force or a pulling force to the outer cutter plate part. It can be recovered.

Further , according to the present invention , the outer cutter plate is divided into a plurality of cutter pieces, and adjacent cutter pieces are detachably coupled by bolts, and at least one of these cutter pieces is attached to both sides. Since the key cutter piece is formed so that the width between the faces gradually narrows from the inner circumference side toward the outer circumference side, the central cutter plate part is collected and removed integrally with the excavator body. When disassembling the outer cutter plate part, each cutter piece needs to be disassembled while being pulled out in the direction perpendicular to the radial direction of the cutter plate, i.e., in the tunnel length direction, with the joint surfaces coupled to each other as a guide. First, after uncoupling the key cutter piece from the adjacent cutter pieces on both sides, the key cutter piece is extracted toward the space where the central cutter plate portion is removed. Thus, the space portion can be easily removed and collected. After that, a plurality of cutter pieces, such as a cutter piece combined with the key cutter piece, are sequentially formed using the space portion. It can be efficiently recovered and removed.

  Therefore, after the tunnel is built, the outer body of the tunnel excavator is left behind in the state of covering and supporting the tunnel excavation wall on the rear side of the cutter plate. Even when there is almost no working space ahead, the outer cutter plate can be smoothly and reliably disassembled and collected using the space portion of the removal trace of the central cutter plate.

Furthermore, according to the present invention, each cutter piece including the key cutter piece constituting the outer cutter plate portion has a peripheral wall with a fixed width projecting rearward from the periphery of the front plate portion, Inclined peripheral wall surfaces in which the opposing side wall portions of the cutter pieces adjacent in the circumferential direction are joined and detachably coupled by bolts, and the inner peripheral wall portions of the respective cutter pieces are inclined in the outer diameter direction toward the rear. Since the inclined peripheral wall surface is joined to a predetermined portion of the outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate that is inclined in the diameter-expanding direction toward the rear, and is detachably coupled by bolts, the operator can Bolts are removed from the inside of the machine without exiting to the excavation surface side of the plate, ensuring the safety of releasing the connection between the center cutter plate and the outer cutter plate, releasing the connection between the cutter pieces, and the recovery operation. Naga It can be carried out smoothly.

  Next, a specific embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal side view of a front half portion of a tunnel excavator provided with a cutter plate 1, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the cutter plate 1. The cutter plate 1 has a disc-shaped central cutter plate portion 2 having an outer diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel wrapping body S, which will be described later, and an outer peripheral surface outside the outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate portion 2. An outer peripheral cutter plate portion 3 which is connected by a bolt 9 which can be fitted and removed, and an inner peripheral surface is externally fitted on the outer peripheral surface of the outer cutter plate portion 3 and is connected to each other by a bolt 9 '. And a circular ring member 4. The outer diameter of the ring member 4 is formed to be equal to the outer diameter of the outer body 11 of the tunnel excavator, and the inner diameter is formed to be larger than the inner diameter of the tunnel covering body S. Accordingly, the outer diameter of the outer cutter plate 3 connected to the inner peripheral surface of the ring member 4 is also made larger than the inner diameter of the tunnel covering body S.

  Furthermore, the joint surface between the central cutter plate portion 2 and the outer cutter plate portion 3, that is, the outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate portion 2 and the inner peripheral surface of the outer cutter plate portion 3 joined to the outer peripheral surface are: These cutter plates are formed on tapered surfaces 2c ′ and 3c ′ inclined in the diameter increasing direction from the front side to the rear side, respectively.

  The taper surface 2c 'of the central cutter plate portion 2 is a ring-shaped peripheral wall having a constant width inclined rearwardly toward the outer peripheral edge of the circular front plate portion, that is, toward the tunnel covering body S side. Projecting 2c is formed by the outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c. The central portion of the central cutter plate portion 2 is integrally fixed to the outer peripheral surface of the front end portion of the rotation center shaft 13 that is rotationally driven by a drive motor 12 mounted on the excavator body 10, and the central cutter plate The front plate portion of the portion 2 has a plurality of pairs of earth and sand intake openings 5 and 5 that are spaced apart in the circumferential direction from the rotation center shaft 13 side to the inner peripheral surface of the front end portion of the ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c. 4 pairs in the figure) are provided radially, and between each pair of parallel openings 5 and 5 are formed in the spoke-shaped face plate portion 2a, and between the adjacent spoke-shaped face plate portions 2a and 2a. A hollow fan-shaped face plate portion 2 b is formed through the opening 5. Cutter bits 6 are projected forward at regular intervals in the radial direction on both side edges and the center of the spoke-shaped face plate portion 2a.

  On the other hand, the outer cutter plate part 3 is divided into a plurality of fan-shaped cutter pieces 31 to 36 in the circumferential direction, and the side surfaces facing each other of adjacent cutter pieces are joined to each other in a detachable manner by bolts 9 ′. In this way, the inner peripheral surface of each cutter piece 31 to 36 is formed on the tapered surface 3c ′ inclined in the diameter-expanding direction toward the rear, so that the central cutter plate portion 2 has a circular shape. The outer peripheral taper surface 2c 'of the ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c is detachably coupled to the opposing outer peripheral tapered surface 2c' by a bolt 9, and the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral cutter plate portion 3 is connected to the inner peripheral surface of the circular ring member 4 by a bolt 9 '. Removably coupled by.

  Specifically, each of the cutter pieces 31 to 36 has inner and outer peripheral wall portions 3c that are curved in a circular arc having a constant width at the peripheral edge of the front plate portion, that is, the inner and outer peripheral edge portions that are curved in an arc shape and the straight side edges. , 3d and straight side wall portions 3e, 3e that are long in the radial direction project rearward, and the outer peripheral wall portion 3d and both side wall portions 3e, 3e are respectively connected to the front plate portion. While being refracted at a right angle, the inner peripheral wall portion 3c is inclined in the diameter increasing direction at the same inclination angle as the ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c of the central cutter plate portion 2 from the front end continuous to the front plate portion toward the rear end. It is formed on the tapered surface 3c ′.

  Then, the side wall portions 3e, 3e facing each other in the adjacent cutter pieces are joined to each other, and the annular outer peripheral cutter plate portion 3 is formed by sequentially connecting and connecting in the circumferential direction with the bolts 9 ′. The inner peripheral tapered surface 3c ′ of the inner peripheral wall portion 3c curved in an arc shape is joined to the outer peripheral tapered surface 2c ′ of the ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c of the central cutter plate portion 2 and is detachably coupled by a bolt 9. . The front plate portion of each cutter piece 31 to 36 is formed so as to be flush with the front plate portion of the central cutter plate portion 2 on the vertical plane, and the inner peripheral wall portion 3c thereof is the central cutter portion. It is formed to have the same width as the peripheral wall 2c of the plate portion 2, and is curved in an arc shape in the circumferential direction with the same degree of curvature.

  Further, the outer peripheral surface of the outer peripheral wall portion 3d curved in an arc shape in the circumferential direction in each cutter piece 31 to 36 is joined to the opposing inner peripheral surface of the ring member 4 formed to have the same width as the peripheral wall portion 3d. Thus, the peripheral wall portion 3d is detachably coupled to the ring member 4 by a bolt 9 '. The ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c of the central cutter plate part 2 and the inner peripheral wall part 3c of the cutter pieces 31 to 36 are coupled to the peripheral wall part 2c and the peripheral wall part 3c at fixed intervals in the circumferential direction by bolt mounting holes 7 ( 3), a bolt 9 is inserted between the bolt mounting holes 7 and 7 and a nut 8 is screwed together, and the side wall portions 3e and 3e of adjacent cutter pieces are also coupled to each other. Bolts may be inserted between the bolt mounting holes and screwed with the nuts 8, but as shown in FIG. 4, bolt insertion holes 7 'are provided at a plurality of locations on one side wall portion 3e joined to each other, and the other side wall portion. Screw holes 8 'that are opposed to these bolt insertion holes 7' are provided in 3e, and bolts 9 'are screwed into the screw holes 8' from the bolt insertion holes 7 '.

  Similarly, the outer peripheral wall 3d of each of the cutter pieces 31 to 36 is provided with bolt insertion holes 7 'penetrating the inner and outer peripheral surfaces of the peripheral wall 3d at regular intervals in the circumferential direction. Screw holes 8 'that face the bolt insertion holes 7' are provided on the peripheral surface, and the bolts 9 'are screwed into the screw holes 8' from the bolt insertion holes 7 ', so that the cutter pieces 31 to 36 are ringed. Removably coupled to member 4.

  The central cutter plate portion 2 and the outer cutter plate portion 3 are formed so as to be symmetrical with respect to each other. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the central cutter plate portion 2 has the spoke shape. The face plate portion 2a protrudes radially from the rotation center axis 13 of the cutter plate 1 in the circumferential direction with an angular interval of 90 degrees from each other, and the outer cutter plate portion 3 is basically vertically and horizontally The cutter pieces 31 to 34 having the same size and the same shape are divided into four equal parts, and both sides of one of the cutter pieces 31 are formed as key cutter pieces 35 and 36.

  Specifically, in a state where the cutter piece 31 having the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 disposed on both sides is positioned on the upper peripheral side of the cutter plate 1, the both sides of the cutter plate 1 are symmetrical to the left and right. The cutter pieces 32 and 33 on both sides that are disposed on the both sides are provided at the center in the circumferential direction so as to sandwich the face plate portion 2a on both sides of the center cutter plate portion 2 and the face plate portion 2a. In the extending direction of the pair of openings 5 and 5, the spoke-shaped central surface plate portion 3 a and the ring-shaped peripheral wall 2 c of the central cutter plate portion 2 and the inner peripheral wall portions 3 c of these cutter pieces 32 and 33 A pair of openings 5 ′ and 5 ′ parallel to each other with the central face plate portion 3a interposed therebetween are provided, and openings 5 ′ having the same shape as the openings 5 ′ are provided at both end portions in the circumferential direction. In addition, a plurality of cutters are provided forward at the edge of the face plate portion provided with these openings 5 ′. It is projecting a Tsu door 6.

  Similarly, the cutter piece 34 disposed on the lower peripheral portion side is provided at the center portion in the circumferential direction so as to sandwich the lower spoke-shaped face plate portion 2a in the central cutter plate portion 2 and the face plate portion 2a. In the extending direction of the pair of openings 5 and 5, the spoke-shaped central face plate 3a and the central face plate are connected via the ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c of the central cutter plate 2 and the inner peripheral wall 3c of the cutter piece 34. A pair of openings 5 ′ and 5 ′ parallel to each other across the portion 3a, and openings 5 ′ having the same shape as the openings 5 ′ are provided at both end portions in the circumferential direction. A plurality of cutter bits 6 project from the end edge portion of the face plate portion provided with these openings 5 ′ toward the front.

  On the other hand, the cutter piece 31 on the upper peripheral side where the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 are arranged on both sides is the same shape as the cutter pieces 32 to 34 as the overall shape including the key cutter pieces 35 and 36. However, the two cutter pieces 35 and 36 are divided with respect to the cutter piece 31, and the upper spoke-shaped face plate portion 2 a in the central cutter plate portion 2 is formed at the center portion of the cutter piece 31. In the extending direction of the pair of openings 5 and 5 provided so as to sandwich the face plate portion 2a, spokes are formed via the ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c of the central cutter plate portion 2 and the inner peripheral wall portion 3c of the cutter piece 34. A central plane plate portion 3a having a shape and a pair of openings 5 'and 5' parallel to each other with the central plane plate portion 3a interposed therebetween are provided, and the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 on both sides have one opening at the center. 5 'is provided between the inner and outer peripheral surfaces. A plurality of cutter bits 6 project forward from the end edge of the face plate portion provided with these openings 5 ′. Further, a plurality of cutter bits 6 are also provided on the front surface of the ring member 4 so as to protrude forward.

  Further, both side wall portions 3e, 3e of the cutter pieces 32, 33 disposed on both sides of the outer cutter plate portion 3, and both side wall portions 3e, 3e of the cutter piece 34 disposed on the lower periphery side, and the both sides The one side wall portion 3e of the key cutter pieces 35, 36 joined to the side wall portion 3e of the cutter pieces 32, 33 arranged on the diameter line of the cutter plate 1 is disposed on the upper peripheral side. The side wall portions 3e 'and 3e' of the cutter piece 31 and the other side wall portion 3e 'of the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 joined to the side wall portion 3e' and joined by bolts 9 'are extended. The width of the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 in the circumferential direction is gradually narrowed from the inner peripheral side toward the outer peripheral side by inclining the line in a direction intersecting the upper side on the diameter line in the vertical direction of the central cutter plate portion 2. That is, it is formed in a wedge shape.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a jack 25 oriented in the radial direction is mounted on the rear surface of the spoke-shaped arbitrary face plate portion 2a in the central cutter plate portion 2, and the copy is attached to the tip of the rod 26. The cutter 27 penetrates the outer peripheral wall portion 3d of the outer cutter plate 3 and the ring member 4 and protrudes freely from the ring member 4 so that the copy cutter 27 overshoots the ground in the construction of the tunnel curve portion. It is configured to cut.

  Next, the structure of the recovery-type tunnel excavator provided with the cutter plate 1 configured as described above will be briefly described. As shown in FIG. 5, the tunnel excavator is used in a muddy water shield method. An excavator having an outer cylinder 11 made of a cylindrical steel pipe whose outer diameter is substantially the same as the tunnel excavation diameter, and an outer peripheral end face of the outer end of the outer cylinder 11 are integrally formed by welding or the like. An annular plate-shaped support wall 14 which is fixed and has a circular hole 15 having a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining body S constructed on the tunnel excavation wall surface, and the above-mentioned support wall 14 The excavator body 10 has a short cylindrical inner cylinder 16 supported in a circular hole 15 so that it can be pulled out rearward through a sealing material 17, and the outer cylinder 11 is circumferentially connected to the inner peripheral surface in the longitudinal direction. Multiple propulsion jacks 18 and direction correction jacks arranged at regular intervals in the direction 19, and feeding and discharging mud pipes 20 and 21 that are means for discharging excavated earth and sand, and an erector 22 that assembles segments.

  The excavator body 10 is integrally provided with a partition wall 16a sealing the opening end of the inner cylinder 16 at the front end of the short cylindrical inner cylinder 16, and the center of rotation of the cutter plate 1 at the center of the partition wall 16a. The shaft 13 is rotatably supported, and a drive motor 12 that rotationally drives the cutter plate 1 is mounted on the rear surface of the partition wall 16a. The rear end portion of the inner cylinder 16 of the excavator body 10 is received by a propulsion reaction force receiving member 23 that is detachably fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 11.

  The tunnel excavator configured as described above is installed in the start shaft C (shown in FIG. 6), and the tunnel T is excavated in a predetermined direction while the cutter plate 1 is rotated. Each time a certain length of tunnel is excavated, segments are assembled on the excavation wall surface by the erector 22 to cover the excavation wall surface, and the propulsion reaction force of the propulsion jack 18 is received on the front end surface of the tunnel lining body S. Thus, the tunnel excavator is advanced by extending the propulsion jack 18. At this time, the propulsive force by the propulsion jack 18 is transmitted to the excavator body 10 via the propulsion reaction force receiving member 23, and the ground is excavated while pressing the cutter plate 1 against the face.

  At the time of excavation, a propulsion reaction force acts on the front surface of the cutter plate 1 pressed against the face ground by the propulsion force of the tunnel excavator in a direction in which the cutter plate 1 is moved backward. At this time, the center cutter plate portion 2 of the cutter plate 1 is integrally fixed to the rotation center shaft 13 rotatably supported by the partition wall 16a of the excavator body 10 and the rear portion of the excavator body 10 is fixed. Since the end portion is supported on the outer body 11 via the propulsion reaction force receiving member 23, the propulsion reaction force acting on the front surface of the central cutter plate portion 2 is strongly strengthened by the propulsion reaction force receiving member 23. On the other hand, the outer cutter plate portion 3 has an inner peripheral taper surface 3c ′ inclined in the diameter increasing direction toward the rear of the inner peripheral wall portion 3c. Since it is supported by the outer peripheral taper surface 3c 'inclined in the diameter increasing direction toward the rear in 2c, the propulsion reaction force acting on the front surface thereof is received by the outer peripheral taper surface 3c' of the central cutter plate portion 2, The ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c of the central cutter plate 2 and the inner periphery of the outer cutter plate 3 The tunnel can be dug while preventing the propulsion reaction force from directly acting on the bolt 9 that is coupled to the wall 3c.

  The earth and sand excavated by the cutter plate 1 is taken into the earth and sand chamber 24 between the cutter plate 1 and the partition wall 16a of the excavator body 10 through the openings 5 and 5 'provided in the cutter plate 1. It is discharged to the tunnel side together with the muddy water by the recirculated muddy water by the above-mentioned sending and discharging mud pipes 20 and 21 communicating with the earth and sand chamber 24.

  After excavating the tunnel T while lining the excavation wall surface to the predetermined position with this tunnel excavator, the excavator body 10 must be retracted through the tunnel lining body S to the start shaft side and collected. If this is not the case, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, when the tunnel T is excavated to the retaining wall d of the shaft D, the drill shaft is excavated through the tunnel lining body S that has been constructed. In order to recover the main body 10, prior to this recovery, the ground around the front end of the tunnel excavator is improved by chemical injection or the like, and the improved ground E prevents groundwater from entering the machine. .

  After that, first of all, the erector 22, the feed / drain mud pipes 20, 21, the propulsion jack 18, the direction correction jack 19, etc. are disassembled, removed, etc., and recovered through the tunnel lining body S, and the propulsion reaction force is received. While the member 23 is removed and the excavator main body 10 is fixed to the outer trunk 11, the worker enters the earth and sand chamber 24 through an entrance (not shown) provided in the partition wall 16a, and from the rear side of the cutter plate 1 The bolt 9 'that connects the peripheral wall 2c of the central cutter plate portion 2 and the inner peripheral wall portion 3c of the outer cutter plate portion 3 in the cutter plate 1 is removed. It should be noted that the propulsion jack 18 and the direction correcting jack 19 may be removed after the excavator body 10 is collected if it does not interfere with the recovery of the excavator body 10.

  Next, the excavator body 10 is pulled backward, and the short cylindrical inner cylinder 16 is extracted from the circular hole 15 of the support wall 14 fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 11. At this time, since the central cutter plate portion 2 provided integrally with the front end portion of the rotation center shaft 13 in the cutter plate 1 is uncoupled from the outer cutter plate portion 3 as described above, it is integrated with the excavator body 10. The taper surfaces 2c ′ and 3c are inclined in the diameter increasing direction from the front end side to the rear end of the cutter plate 1 while the surface of the cutter plate 1 and the outer cutter plate portion 3 are joined. Therefore, when the excavator body 10 is slightly retracted, the ring-shaped peripheral wall 2c of the central cutter plate part 2 is detached from the inner peripheral wall part 3c of the outer cutter plate part 3, and a gap is generated between them. Even if the towing direction of the excavator main body 10 is deviated from the axis, the central cutter plate portion 2 does not act on the outer cutter plate portion 3 without any excessive pressure acting on it. The plate part 2 can be extracted smoothly.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the central cutter plate portion 2 that has moved rearward integrally with the excavator main body 10 from the outer cutter plate portion 3 further moves backward through the circular hole 15 of the support wall 14. In order to recover the excavator body 10 having the central cutter plate 2 to the start shaft through the tunnel lining body S, for example, the inner trunk of the excavator body 10 extracted from the circular hole 15 of the support wall 14 is used. Wheels (not shown) are mounted on the lower peripheral portion of 16 and the lower peripheral portion of the central cutter plate portion 2 that has passed through the circular hole 15, and these wheels roll on the inner bottom surface of the tunnel lining S. It can be done by moving.

  Thus, when the central cutter plate portion 2 of the cutter plate 1 is removed, the outer cutter plate portion 3 remains in the state of being fitted and supported on the tunnel excavation wall surface, and is surrounded by the inner peripheral surface of the outer cutter plate portion 3. As shown in FIG. 8, a space portion 28 is provided in the removal trace of the central cutter plate portion 2, that is, the extraction trace. And this space part 28 is utilized for work space, and this outer periphery cutter board part 3 is disassembled and removed.

  First, in the plurality of cutter pieces 31 to 35 forming the outer cutter plate part 3, the key cutter pieces 35 are incorporated so as to be extractable toward the working space, that is, toward the center of the cutter plate 1. , 36 is recovered and removed. At this time, in consideration of the safety and workability of the disassembling work of these cutter pieces 31 to 35, the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 are positioned at the upper part when the tunnel excavation work is completed in advance. The cutter plate 1 is rotated and stopped. Then, using the lower cutter piece 34 as a foothold, the bolts 9 'connecting the side wall portions 3e', 3e 'of the upper cutter piece 31 and the side wall portions 3e', 3e 'of the key cutter pieces 35, 36 to each other. And the bolt 9 'which joins the side wall 3e of the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 and the side wall 3e of the both side cutter pieces 32 and 33 is removed, and the outer peripheral wall 3d of the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 is further removed. 9 and the ring member 4 are removed, as shown in FIG. 9, the key cutter pieces 35 and 36 are inserted between the adjacent cutter pieces 31 and 32 and between 31 and 33. It is collected and removed by pulling it out into the space 28.

  Next, after removing the bolt 9 'that joins the outer peripheral wall 3d of the upper cutter piece 31 to the inner peripheral surface of the ring member 4 using the space 28, the upper cutter piece as shown in FIG. 31 is collected and removed, and the side cutters 32 and 33 are similarly connected to the side walls 3e and 3e of the lower cutter piece 34 by side walls 3e and 3e connected to the bolts 9 'by the bolts 9'. After removing 'the bolt 9' which joins the outer peripheral wall 3d and the ring member 4 and then removing and removing it as shown in FIG. The coupling bolt 9 'between the outer peripheral wall 3d of the lower cutter piece 34 and the ring member 4 is removed, and the lower cutter piece 34 is recovered and removed as shown in FIG.

  In this way, the outer cutter plate part 3 is disassembled into a plurality of cutter pieces 31 to 36, carried out through the tunnel lining body S to the start shaft side, recovered, and again when the next tunnel construction is performed, Used as the outer cutter plate 3. On the other hand, the ring member 4 of the cutter plate 1 is left as a part of the covering material of the tunnel excavation wall surface together with the outer trunk 11 without being collected. In the above-described embodiment, two key cutter pieces are incorporated among the plurality of cutter pieces 31 to 36 constituting the outer peripheral cutter plate portion 3 of the cutter plate 1, but only one piece is included. Alternatively, the ring member 4 may be divided into a plurality of parts according to the cutter pieces 31 to 36, and the structure of the outer peripheral cutter plate part 3 provided integrally on the outer peripheral surface of each cutter piece may be adopted.

  Further, the outer cutter plate portion 3 is not divided into a plurality of cutter pieces 31 to 36 as described above, and is formed into an annular structure with an integral structure that cannot be disassembled, and then the outer cutter plate portion 3 is tunnel excavated. It may be left on the excavation wall together with the outer shell 11 of the machine. In short, the inner peripheral surface of the inner peripheral wall portion 3c of the outer cutter plate portion 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the ring-shaped peripheral wall portion 2c of the central cutter plate portion 2 Are formed on the tapered surfaces 2c ′ and 3c ′ that are inclined in the diameter-expanding direction toward the rear where they are joined in a separable manner, the present invention can be satisfied.

The longitudinal side view of the first half part of a tunnel excavator. The front view of a cutter board. AA line sectional view in FIG. BB sectional drawing in FIG. A longitudinal side view of the entire tunnel excavator. The simplified longitudinal side view of the state where the tunnel has been excavated to a predetermined position. The simplified vertical side view of the state which collect | recovers the excavator main body. The front view of the outer periphery cutter board part of the cutter board after removing a center cutter board part. The front view of the outer periphery cutter board part which has removed the key cutter piece. The front view of the state which has removed the upper cutter piece. The front view of the state which has removed the both-sides cutter piece. The front view of the state which has removed the lower cutter piece.

Explanation of symbols

1 Cutter plate 2 Central cutter plate
2c Ring-shaped peripheral wall
2c 'taper surface 3 outer cutter plate
3c, 3d inner peripheral wall
3e Side wall
3c 'taper surface 9 bolt
10 Excavator body
31 ~ 34 Cutter piece
35, 36 Key cutter piece

Claims (1)

A cutter plate in a tunnel excavator that is recovered through the tunnel lining body of the excavated tunnel, the outer cutter having a central cutter plate portion whose outer diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel lining member, and an outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate portion. consists outer peripheral cutter plate portion of the annular shape that is joined to the inner circumferential surface, the outer circumferential cutter plate portion is attached removably to the cutter pieces adjacent to each other is divided into a plurality of cutter pieces by bolts In addition, at least one of these cutter pieces is provided with a key cutter piece formed so that the width between both side surfaces gradually decreases from the inner peripheral side toward the outer peripheral side. Each of the cutter pieces including a plurality of cutter bits is formed by projecting a peripheral wall of a certain width toward the rear at the periphery of the front plate portion projecting a plurality of cutter bits, and the cutter pieces adjacent in the circumferential direction are the same. The opposing side wall portions of the cutter pieces are joined and detachably connected by bolts, and the inner peripheral wall portion of each cutter piece is formed on an inclined peripheral wall surface inclined in the outer radial direction toward the rear, and the inclined peripheral wall surface is formed. A cutter plate for a tunnel excavator, wherein the cutter plate is joined to a predetermined portion of the outer peripheral surface of the central cutter plate, which is inclined in the diameter-expanding direction toward the rear, and is detachably coupled with a bolt .

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