JPH03132595A - Shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To maintain the soil in a stable state by making the outer peripheral part of the cutter disk of a shield machine divided in the peripheral direction expandable in the radial direction and the outside diameter of a skin plate almost equal to that of the cutter disk. CONSTITUTION:A tunnel is driven with two shield machines 1 and 2 which respectively make excavate the ground toward a meeting position 76 from both sides of the tunnel and the preceding machine 1 of the two machines 1 and 2 is made to reach the meeting position 76 prior to the other machine 2 and stopped at the position 76. Then the other machine 2 is made to reach the position 76 and the cutter disk 32a of the machine 2 is retreated into a skin plate 34a. After the cutter disk 32a is retreated, the preceding machine 1 is made to get into the skin plate 34a of the other machine 1 and a hardener is injected between the machines 1 and 2. After the hardener hardens, the machines 1 and 2 are dismantled and the inside of segments 19 and 19a in their radial directions are covered with concrete 79. Therefore, caving of the tunnel roof and side walls can be prevented at the time of tunnel driving.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Field of Application The present invention relates to a shield tunneling machine, and more specifically, one tunnel is excavated from both ends of the tunnel using two shield tunneling machines. The present invention relates to a shield tunneling machine that can be connected to a shield tunneling machine.

Prior art A typical prior art is, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 63-47499.
has been disclosed. In this prior art, the outer diameter of each cutter disk of two shield tunneling machines that can be joined is configured to be smaller than the outer diameter of the skin plate located behind it, and the cutter disk of one shield tunneling machine is configured to have a skin plate. The cutter disk of the other shield tunneling machine is arranged to protrude in front of the skin plate, and the cutter disk of the other shield tunneling machine is configured to be able to enter inside the skin plate in the axial direction,
With the skin plates of each shield tunneling machine facing the joint 1pi of these two shield tunneling machines, the protruding cutter disk of one of the shield tunneling machines is axially inward of the skin plate of the other shield tunneling machine. On the other hand, the cutter disk of the shield tunneling machine enters the space formed by retreating, and in this state, assimilate is injected and solidified, and then the cutter disk and its drive system are dismantled and the tunnel is connected and connected. do. When excavating a tunnel, a copy cutter or an outer cutter provided on the cutter disk protrudes outward in the radial direction to excavate a tunnel having the same inner diameter as the outer diameter of the skin plate. During welding, this outer circumferential cutter is retracted radially inward.

Problem to be Solved by the Invention In such prior art, the outer diameter of the cutter disk is smaller than the inner diameter of the tunnel to be excavated, and therefore, the presence of voids in the radial direction makes it difficult to maintain the soil stably. This is not possible and there is a risk of the earth and sand collapsing.

Furthermore, in the prior art, the earth and sand from excavating the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel easily enters the gap between the outer circumferential surface of the cutter disk and the inner circumferential surface of the skin play 1 and becomes clogged. Therefore, it becomes difficult to take the excavated earth and sand into the cutter chamber formed between the cutter disc and the bulkhead fixed to the skin plate at the rear of the cutter disc, and from the cutter chamber, through the bulkhead, the earth and sand will be taken in. Difficult to drain.

An object of the present invention is to provide a shield excavator that can prevent undesired collapse of earth and sand during excavation and can smoothly take excavated earth and sand into a cutter chamber.

Means for Solving the Problems The present invention provides a shield excavator that excavates a tunnel by disposing a cutter disk in front of a skin plate, in which at least the outer peripheral part of the cutter disk is divided in the circumferential direction,
The divided portions can be expanded and contracted in the radial direction by an expansion and contraction drive means, thereby making it possible to make the outer diameter of the cutter disc substantially the same and smaller than the outside diameter of the skin plate. It is a shield tunneling machine.

According to the present invention, at least the outer circumferential portion of the cutter disk is divided in the circumferential direction, and the divided portions are made expandable and retractable in the radial direction, and the outer circumference of the cutter disk is adjusted relative to the outer diameter of the skin plate by the expansion and contraction driving means. Tunnels are excavated with approximately the same diameter, and made smaller to enable connection between a pair of shield excavators. Therefore, when excavating a tunnel, by making the outer diameter of the cutter disk almost the same as the outer diameter of the skin plate as described above, there is no gap between the outer circumferential surface of the cutter disk and the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel. It is possible to prevent the collapse of soil and maintain stable soil quality.

Moreover, during this excavation, since the outer diameter of the cutter disk and the outer diameter of the skin plate are almost the same as described above, there is no possibility that a gap will occur between the outer circumferential surface of the cutter disk and the inner circumferential surface of the skin plate. Therefore, there is no problem of excavated soil clogging these gaps. This allows the earth and sand excavated on the inner circumferential surface of the tunnel to be smoothly taken into the cutter chamber formed between the cutter disk and the partition wall further inward, making it possible to easily discharge the excavated earth and sand. become.

Embodiment FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of one shield tunneling machine 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the shield tunneling machine 1. This shield excavator 1 and the other shield excavator 2, which will be described later in connection with FIG. Then, they are joined as shown in FIG. 9 to form one hemnel.

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, in a muddy water shield excavator 1, a partition wall 5 called a bulkhead is formed that partitions a machine room 3 and forms a cutter chamber 4 in the front. A mud feeding pipe 6 and a mud draining pipe 7 protrude into the cutter chamber 4 and are opened. A rotating cutter disk 3 equipped with a cutter bit 31 for excavating a face 8
2 is located in front of the shield main body 33 and has an annular bearing stand 9
is fixed to the skin plate 34, and this bearing stand 9
A rotating support 10 is supported via a pinion and a swing bearing, and is rotationally driven by a drive source 13 such as a hydraulic motor.

At the rear of the bearing stand 9, a plurality of shield jacks 17 are installed around the circumference, and one annular segment constructed inside the tail plays 1 and 18 can receive the digging reaction force. . An erector device 20 for assembling one segment is provided at the rear of the machine room 3, and when the shield main body 33 moves forward and then stops, one arc-shaped segment is assembled into a ring shape one after another. .

The cutter disk 32 includes a plurality of first cutter spokes 36 provided in the circumferential direction, a plurality of second cutter spokes 37 provided between the first cutter spokes 36, and these first and second cutter spokes 36. 37 are connected to a center part 38, and the center part 38 is rotatably supported by the rotation support body 10.

FIG. 3 shows the first cutter spoke 36, which is a cross-sectional view taken along the section line --- in FIG.

The first cutter spoke 36 has an outer cylinder 42 whose base end is fixed to the center portion 38 and extends in the radial direction of the cutter disk 32, and an inner cylinder 41 into which the outer cylinder 42 is fitted.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along section line IV-IV in FIG. 3. The outer cylinder 42 includes a front end plate 43 provided at the front (right side in FIG. 1, upper side in FIG. 4), a rear end plate 44 located at the rear, and side plates 45 and 46 connecting them. The front end plate 43 is generally fan-shaped, and a cutter bit 31 protruding forward is fixed to both sides of the front end plate 43. An outer peripheral wall 48, which constitutes a part of the outer ring, is provided at the outermost radial portion between the front and rear end plates 43,44. Four support plates are fixed within this outer cylinder 42. The cylinder end of the double-acting hydraulic cylinder 50 is connected to the central part 38 by a clevis pin 5], and the piston rod is connected to the four support plates by a pin 52. The axis of this pin 51.52 is
It is parallel to the axis of the shield main body 33. By expanding and contracting the hydraulic cylinder 50, the outer cylinder 42 can be expanded and contracted in the radial direction of the cutter disk 32.

A copy cutter 53 is provided inside the outer cylinder 42, and this cutter 53 is fixed to the cylinder end of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 54, and its screw rod 55 is connected to four support plates by a pin 56. be done. As a result, the cutter 53
(a) As shown by the solid lines in FIG. It protrudes outward from the virtual cylindrical surface and functions to excavate in the radial direction of the tunnel axis when the shield body 33 excavates the bent tunnel.

The second cutter spoke 37 basically includes an outer cylinder 58 whose base end is fixed to the center part 38 and which extends in the radial direction of the cutter disk 32, and which is fitted into the outer cylinder 58 and can be displaced in the radial direction. It has an inner cylinder 59 and an outer peripheral wall 60 that is fixed to the radially outer end of the inner cylinder 59 and constitutes a part of the outer ring.

A piston rod of a double-acting hydraulic cylinder 61 is connected to the base end of the inner cylinder 59 by a pin 62, and the cylinder 6
1 end is connected to the central part 38 by a pin 63.

The cylinder 50 provided in the first cutter spoke 36 and the cylinder 61 provided in the second cutter spoke 37 are interlocked, and the outer peripheral walls 48 and 60 have their outer peripheral surfaces aligned with the axis of the cutter disk 32. interlock so that they lie within a virtual cylindrical plane with .

FIG. 5 is a plan view seen from the arrow mark 2 in FIG. 2, and FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the vicinity thereof. A groove 64 extending in the radial direction is formed at the end of the outer peripheral wall 60 in the circumferential direction. A guide protrusion 65 fits into this groove 64. Guide projection 65
is fixed to the outer peripheral wall 48 via a mounting member 66.

When excavating a tunnel, extend the cylinders 50 and 61 and use the second
In the state shown in FIG. 1, the outer diameters of the outer peripheral walls 48 and 60 are made to be approximately the same as the outer diameter of the skin play 1 to 34. The tip of the cutter 53 is positioned by the cylinder 54 within an imaginary cylindrical plane including the outer peripheral wall 48,60, as shown by the solid line in FIG. Therefore, the face 8 is excavated by the cutter 31 as described above, and the inner peripheral surface of the tunnel is excavated by the copy cutter 53. The excavated earth and sand smoothly enters the cutter chamber 4 between the cutter disk 32 and the partition wall 5 through the opening 68 between the first and second cutter spokes 3637. The earth and sand in the cutter chamber 4 is discharged from the mud removal pipe 7. Furthermore, as described above, the outer diameters of the outer peripheral walls 48, 60 of the first and second cutter spokes 36.37 are approximately equal to the outer diameter of the skin plate 34, so that the outer peripheral surface of such outer peripheral walls/18.60 and skin play 1
In the present invention, the problem of dirt becoming clogged with the inner circumferential surface of -34 as described in connection with the prior art described above does not occur. The reduced state of the cylinders 50, 6 is as shown in FIG. 2 (2), and in this state,
Connection with another shield excavator 2 is performed.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the shield excavation fi2.

This shield excavator 2 corresponds to the above-mentioned shield excavator R1, and corresponding parts are indicated by the same reference numerals or by adding a subscript a to the number of the reference numeral. This shield excavator 2 is configured such that the rotary support 10, the cutter disk 32a fixed thereto, the drive source 13, etc. can integrally retreat into the shield main body 3a. The bearing stand 9a is a skin plate 34a.
The partition wall 5a is slidable in the axial direction relative to the bearing stand 9a, and is moved back together with the partition wall 5a fixed to the bearing stand 9a.

The cutter disk 32a has a similar configuration to the cutter disk 32 of the shield excavator 1, and has cylinders 50a and 61.
a is reduced to a state corresponding to FIG. 2(2), and in this state, the cutter disk 32a and the like are retreated. The skin plates I to 34a are not integrated with the bearing stand 9a, and therefore are made thicker than the rear portion of the skin plate 34a in order to improve the rigidity of the skin plate 34a.

A retraction jack 71, which is a double-acting hydraulic cylinder, is provided for retracting the bearing stand 9a. The screw rod of this retractable jack 71 is connected to the bracket 72 of the shield main body 33a, and the cylinder of the retractable jack 71 is supported so as to be displaceable in the axial direction by a reinforcing ring 73 fixed to the shield main body 33a. . During excavation, the retraction jack 71 is kept in an extended state, and a removable spacer 74 is interposed between the jack 1.7a, which receives the propulsion reaction force, and the bearing stand 9a. The length of this spacer 74 in the axial direction is approximately equal to the retractable distance of the cutter disk 32a. The other 1 2 configurations are the same as the shield tunneling machine 1.

Referring to FIG. 8, the operation of connecting the tunnels by joining the tunnel excavation l~ and the shield excavation 11!1.2 will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 8(a), the two shield excavators 1 and 2 excavate facing each other toward the joining position 76 of the tunnel.

Next, as shown in Fig. 8(b), the preceding shield excavator 1
is first made to reach the joining position 76, and is kept in a stopped state at that position.

Next, the trailing shield excavator 2 is made to reach the joining position 76,
At that location, the cylinders 50a, 61a are retracted to retract the first and second cutter spokes 36a, 37a radially inwardly, thereby preparing the cutter disk 32a to be retracted into the skin plate 34a.

Then, the spacer 74 interposed between the bearing stand 9a and the shield jack 17a is removed.

Then, the retracting jack 71 is operated to retract, and the cutter disk 32a is retreated to the right in FIG.

In this state, the other leading shield excavator 1 is brought closer to the trailing shield excavator 2 which is stopped, as shown in Fig. 8(C).
state. In this FIG. 8(c), the first and second cutter spokes 3637 of the shield excavation 1111 are contracted by the cylinders 50, 6] as shown in FIG. 2(2), and the cutter disc 32 is rotated. Hori 1! i11, and fit it into the skin plate 34a of the shield excavator 2. In this inserted state, the 9th
Skin play 1-34.3 as clearly shown in figure
4a are in contact with each other or are also in close proximity.

Therefore, as shown in Fig. 8(d), both shield excavators 1
, 2 cutter chambers 4, 4a and cutter disk 3
A solidifying agent is injected between 2 and 32a. This solidifying agent is pumped through injection pipes 77, 77a provided through the partition walls 5, 5a. The solidifying agent includes, for example, mortar.

After the solidifying agent is solidified, various devices and members inside the shield excavators 1 and 2 are disassembled and removed from the shield main body 34, 34a, as shown in FIG. 8(e).

3 4 The unsolidified solidifying agent is designated by reference numeral 78.

Therefore, as shown in Fig. 8(f), the skin plate 34.3
4. a or cutter disk outer ring 4848a, 60.
Leaving 60a etc., 79 is poured into the concrete 1 serving as the tunnel wall, radially inward of 19 and 19a in the segment 1, and the L-channel is joined. The solidifying agent or concrete leaking outward from near the opposite ends of the skin plates 34.34a closes the gaps between these skin plates 1 and 34.34a, as indicated by reference numeral 80, to stop water. Improve effectiveness.

Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, at least the outer circumferential portion of the cutter disk is divided in the circumferential direction and is driven to expand and contract in the radial direction by the expansion and contraction driving means. The tunnel is excavated with the diameter and the outer diameter of the cutter disc being approximately the same. Therefore, the outer diameter of the cutter disk is equal to the inner diameter of the excavated tunnel, which prevents the earth and sand from collapsing, making it possible to maintain stable soil quality. Furthermore, the problem of the prior art described above, in which there is no gap between the outer circumferential surface of the cutter disk and the inner circumferential surface of the skin play 1, which causes the gap to become clogged with excavated soil, is solved by the present invention. Ru.

By making the outer diameter of the cutter disc smaller than the outer diameter of the skin plate, it is possible to fit the cutter disc into the skin plates of a pair of shield excavators and join them while facing each other. can.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of one shield tunneling machine 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a front view of the shield tunneling machine 1, and FIG. 3 is a first cutter spoke 36 constituting a cutter disc 32.
4 is a simplified sectional view taken along section line IV-IV in FIG. 3, FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken from arrow V in FIG. 1, and FIG. A perspective view showing the attachment structure of the attachment member 66 fixed to the first cutter spoke 36 and the second cutter spoke 37, FIG. 7 is a sectional view of another shield excavator 2 according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 8 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the operation of excavating, connecting and joining tunnels using shield tunneling machine 1.2, and Figure 9 is a simplified diagram showing the state in which shield tunneling machine 1.2 is joined. FIG.

Claims (1)

[Claims] In a shield excavator that excavates a tunnel by placing a cutter disk in front of a skin plate, at least the outer circumferential portion of the cutter disk is divided in the circumferential direction, and the divided portions are expanded and contracted in the radial direction by a telescopic drive means. 1. A shield excavator, characterized in that it is movable, thereby making it possible to make the outer diameter of the cutter disk substantially the same or smaller than the outer diameter of the skin plate.