JP4033800B2 - Composting equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a composting apparatus for composting to reuse food waste, biological waste, and the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Today, the recycling of biological resources is an urgent issue and is an indispensable technology for a resource recycling society.
Conventionally, as an apparatus for composting food waste and biological waste, a rotary drum type, a stirring type, a planar type, and the like have been proposed.
The rotating drum type heats a drum containing food waste and the like while rotating it, and supplies air (oxygen) to perform composting.
In the stirring type, one or two rotating blades are installed in the apparatus, and the composting process is performed by supplying oxygen while stirring food waste with the blades. It is mainly used for small households.
In the flat type, a frame made of concrete or the like is made in a place with a roof such as a greenhouse, and the processed materials are piled up in the frame and periodically turned over, and mixed and supplied with oxygen to perform composting. Is.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-9-239345 (FIGS. 1, 2, paragraphs 0008, 0009)
[Patent Document 2]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-253615 (FIGS. 1 and 2, paragraphs 0010 and 0011)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the conventional composting apparatus described above, the rotating drum type has a drawback that the apparatus becomes large in order to rotate and heat the drum, and the running cost becomes high. In addition, the device price is high with respect to the processing amount, and the cost increases when a large amount of processing is performed. Furthermore, after the treatment for 24 to 48 hours, it is necessary to age for a long time by depositing.
In addition, the agitation method has a drawback that the running cost is high because mass processing is difficult and energy such as electric power is required for agitation. Moreover, since the layout spreads in a plane, a large installation space is required.
Furthermore, in the case of a flat type, a large installation area is required, and since a greenhouse is generally used, it is difficult to manage a bad odor and it is difficult to install in a densely populated house. Moreover, there existed a problem that installation cost would become expensive if it was sealed.
[0005]
In order to solve the above problems, the applicant has proposed a composting apparatus according to Japanese Patent Application No. 2002-281666. The present invention improves the composting apparatus, provides a composting apparatus that has a small installation area and is easy to seal, and has a low running cost, and promotes composting by appropriate air circulation. The purpose is to deodorize the gas generated with composting.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention basically employs the configuration described below. Fermentation tanks are stacked in multiple upper and lower stages, and the fermentation process tanks are vertically divided by an openable and closable floor and a valve mechanism, and the treatment object introduced from the uppermost stage of the fermentation process tanks is mixed with microorganisms for fermentation treatment Then, the open / close floor and the valve mechanism are sequentially operated to move to the lower fermentation treatment tank.
[0007]
In the invention, it is preferable that the open / close floor has a plurality of passages, for example, passages having different planar shapes in an upper stage and a lower stage. Specifically, the passage formed by the open / close floor has a planar shape that is different between the open / close floor of the upper stage and the open / close floor of the lower stage, and the open / close floor has a strip shape that rotates about an axis. A plurality of blades are provided, and the directions of these blades are arranged at positions orthogonal to each other between the upper stage and the lower stage, and the valve mechanism opens and closes by rotating the blades about the axis.
[0008]
Moreover, as another aspect of the present invention, the fermentation tanks are laminated in three or more stages, and the direction of the slits of the open / close floors arranged at the bottoms thereof are different from each other. .
As another aspect of the present invention, the open / close floor includes a plurality of strip-shaped blades that rotate about an axis.
[0009]
As another aspect of the present invention, the shape of the air flow passage generated by the valve mechanism is different from the shape of the passage generated by the opening / closing floor.
[0010]
Moreover, another aspect of the present invention is characterized in that a heat exchange device for exchanging heat of the fermentation gas discharged from the fermentation treatment tank with fresh air is provided.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, using a composting apparatus as an example. FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing a composting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a rear view of the composting apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a composting process of the present invention. It is a top view which shows an apparatus. Here, the composting processing apparatus 10 includes a plurality of stages of fermentation treatment tanks 11a to 11c and an open / close floor 12 that partitions the fermentation treatment tanks 11a to 11c in the height direction.
[0012]
In the present embodiment, the fermentation tanks are stacked in two stages. In the upper fermentation treatment tank 11a, as shown in FIG. 3, an inlet 13 and an exhaust cylinder 14 for feeding food waste, biological waste, and the like, which are objects to be processed, are formed. An opening / closing door 16 that is supported by a hinge 15 so as to be opened and closed is attached to the insertion port 13. A seal member is provided at the edge of the opening / closing door 16 to ensure sealing performance. A handle 17 is attached for easy opening and closing.
[0013]
A damper 18 is attached to the exhaust cylinder 14, and can be controlled to open and close when the generated gas generated in the fermentation treatment tank 11 is discharged. Moreover, the inspection window 19 is formed in the front side of the fermentation treatment tank 11, and an internal fermentation state can be confirmed. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a maintenance door 22 is attached to the back side so as to be freely opened and closed.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 4, the open / close floor 12 can be opened and closed by turning a handle 20 attached to the outside of the apparatus main body. When the handle 20 is rotated, the drive shaft 21 disposed along the side wall of the apparatus main body is rotated, and the worm 23 fixed to the drive shaft 21 is rotated, whereby the blade shaft arranged orthogonal to the drive shaft 21 is rotated. The worm gear 25 fixed to 24 rotates at a reduced speed to rotate the blades 26.
[0015]
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an example of the open / close floor 12 used in the composting apparatus 10 of the present invention. The strip-shaped blades 26 are fixed on the tangent along the blade shafts 24 arranged at approximately equal intervals, the state shown by the solid line in FIG. 5 is the closed state, and the state shown by the two-dot chain line is the open state. . Moreover, the blade | wing 26 is made into the punching board with a hole or mesh structure, and although a to-be-processed object does not fall, it can distribute | circulate air freely.
[0016]
Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1, the opening / closing floor 12 is arrange | positioned in the position where the direction of the blade | wing 26 orthogonally crosses in the 1st fermentation processing tank 11a and the 2nd fermentation processing tank 11b. In this way, the passage of the object to be processed formed by opening the open / close floor 12 has a different direction for each stage, so that the object to be processed can be more efficiently loosened and circulated when dropped. Can do. In addition, the directions of the open / close floors 12 provided in a plurality of stages are not necessarily orthogonal, and may be the same direction. Moreover, you may arrange | position with a predetermined angle. In short, it is preferable that the objects to be processed are more easily loosened by making the shapes of the objects to be processed fall between the upper and lower stages different.
[0017]
Further, a take-out door 27 is attached to the fermentation treatment tank 11c arranged at the bottom so as to be freely opened and closed, and a floor surface 28 is inclined toward the take-out door 27. Therefore, it is easy to take out the processed material that has been composted. In addition, a feed cylinder 29 is attached to the fermentation treatment tank 11c via a damper 30 to introduce blown air from a blower not shown.
[0018]
Next, the operation state of the composting processing apparatus configured as described above will be described with reference to FIGS. First, the to-be-processed object 31 which made the raw garbage input from the insertion port 13 into the slice mince form is mixed with aerobic bacteria and actinomycetes in the 1st fermentation processing tank 11a, and it ferments. The fermentation state is determined by measuring oxygen (O ₂ ) concentration, carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) concentration, ammonia (NH ₃ ) concentration, temperature, moisture concentration, air flow rate, etc. in the sedimentary layer. If these data are comprehensively judged and predetermined time (for example, one day) passes, the opening-and-closing floor 12 will be opened and it will move to the 2nd fermentation processing tank 11b.
[0019]
When moving, a strip-shaped passage is sequentially formed according to the opening / closing angle of the blade 26 as shown in FIG. 7, and the workpiece 31 falls from this passage by gravity. Therefore, no energy is required for the movement of the workpiece 31. For this reason, the running cost of the composting processing apparatus 10 can be remarkably reduced. In addition, since the workpiece 31 falls through a plurality of passages (particularly, in the case of the illustration, the planar shape of the passages is different by changing the direction of the slits), the workpiece is dropped as a unit. The air can be contacted more uniformly than the case. That is, as the number of divisions of the open / close floor 12 increases, more uniform stirring is achieved, but the number of divisions should be set to an appropriate number in consideration of the cost and efficiency of the apparatus.
FIG. 8 shows a state in which the workpiece 31 is stored in the second fermentation treatment tank 11b and subjected to fermentation treatment. In this way, in the present invention, by using actinomycetes and aerobic bacteria, the temperature can be raised by self-heating up to around 65 ° C., and thus heat energy such as a heater is unnecessary as in the prior art.
[0020]
In this way, for example, if the five-stage fermentation treatment tank 11 is divided into a plurality of stages and moved by one stage a day, the volume reduction rate is almost 70% when the final stage is reached, and the treatment is completed. can do. In addition, since the apparatus can have a sealed structure, the use of actinomycetes reduces the occurrence of off-flavor immediately after mixing the object to be treated and the fungus, facilitating off-flavor treatment.
[0021]
Furthermore, in the composting processing apparatus of the present invention, self-heating caused by aerobic bacteria is utilized to prevent heating from the outside. After completion of the heating step, decomposition with actinomycetes is performed. Moreover, the mixture of a to-be-processed object and microorganisms falls through the channel | path of the opening-and-closing floor 12 in a fermentation treatment tank, promotes mixing with air and activates the function of bacteria. Furthermore, heat convection in the fermentation tank can be promoted by the heat generated by the workpiece itself.
[0022]
Thus, in the composting processing apparatus 10 of the present invention, when the fermentation in the upper fermentation treatment tank causes oxygen in the sedimentary layer to become insufficient and the stagnation of fermentation occurs, the open / close floor 12 is opened and the lower fermentation is performed. If it falls while loosening to a processing tank, the lower layer air and the to-be-processed object 31 will be mixed, oxygen will be supplied between the particles deposited on the lower layer, and fermentation will be activated again. If the deposition thickness of the workpiece 31 in the upper stage is 40 cm, the bulk specific gravity is 0.4 to 0.5 and the specific gravity of the workpiece is 1.0 in a 1 m square apparatus. Then, the gap capacity in the layer is 200 (liters). In addition, since the amount of air in the lower fermentation treatment tank is 1 m 3, the amount of oxygen in the lower fermentation treatment tank is sufficiently mixed with air if the material to be treated 31 is not dropped in a large amount of lump. 1000 × 0.2039) ÷ (1000 + 200) = 0.17, which is an oxygen amount sufficient for fermentation.
[0023]
According to the above embodiment, the biological waste mixed with the inoculum and pulverized is introduced from the uppermost fermentation treatment tank 11a, and after one day, the open / close floor 12 is opened and the second stage fermentation is performed. It is dropped into the treatment tank 11b and mixed with air. Thus, after activating the function of the bacteria again, after 1 day, it is dropped into the third stage fermentation treatment tank 11c. This process is sequentially repeated in the fermentation tanks 11a to 11c, and compost is generated in the lowest stage in one week.
[0024]
Even if the number of stacks of the fermentation tanks 11a to 11c is as small as two or three, a processing mechanism such as a bucket conveyor or a belt conveyor is provided for the object to be processed which has dropped to the lowest stage, or it is the highest by human power. You may make it repeat a fall treatment process many times by raising a lower stage processed material to the uppermost fermentation processing tank again.
When comprised in this way, even if there are few number of stages of the fermentation processing tanks 11a-11c, the effect similar to what was comprised in many stages can be acquired.
[0025]
In addition, although the above embodiment demonstrated the example which laminated | stacked the fermentation processing tank in 3 steps | paragraphs, you may laminate | stack in the number of stages beyond it. Moreover, although the example which opens and closes the opening-and-closing floor 12 with a manual handle was demonstrated, it is good also as a structure which uses a drive device, such as a timer and a motor, an air cylinder, and opens and closes automatically every predetermined time. Furthermore, the open / close floor 12 may be opened and closed by a sliding operation to form a passage.
[0026]
Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
The composting processing apparatus main body 50 in this embodiment has the same basic configuration as the composting processing apparatus 10 in the one embodiment. Therefore, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description is simplified.
[0027]
The composting apparatus 50 has a configuration in which fermentation tanks 51a, 51b, and 51c are provided in three upper and lower stages. A stirrer 52 is provided inside the first-stage fermentation treatment tank 51a. By moving the stirrer 52 manually or by using a drive device, an object to be treated put into the fermentation tank 51a is moved. Loosen or stir.
[0028]
Between each fermentation processing tank 51a, 51b, 51c, valve mechanism 53A, 53B, 53C which interrupts | blocks the distribution | circulation of the air between these and partitions mutually is provided. These valve mechanisms 53A, 53B, and 53C are opened and closed by rotating the blades 54 around the shaft 55 by a mechanism similar to the opening and closing floor 12 in the above-described embodiment. That is, in the open / close floor 12, a shape such as a perforated plate is adopted in order to circulate air to the object to be treated. However, in the valve mechanisms 53A, 53B, 53C, each fermentation treatment tank is used. In order to block the air flow between them and partition these internal spaces, a sealable structure is adopted. More specifically, in order to ensure hermeticity, such as providing a sealing material such as rubber at the joint between the blade and the blade (the surface that contacts in the closed state) without providing a hole in the blade. Consideration has been given.
[0029]
The third-stage fermentation treatment tank 51 c from the top is formed on a floor material 56 bent in an uneven shape instead of the rotary opening and closing floor 12, and an opening provided in the floor material 56. Is opened and closed by the horizontal movement of the slide plate 57, so that the object to be processed can be arbitrarily dropped downward. The flooring 56 has a structure in which a large number of air circulation holes are provided for supplying air to the object to be processed, like the open / close floor 12.
[0030]
The fermentation tanks 51a, 51b, 51c are respectively provided with vent holes 58A, 58B in the upper and lower parts, and are connected to the heat exchange device 60 through these vent holes 58A, 58B. The vent holes 58A and 58B not only function as openings for exhaust and supply of air, but also accumulate on the open / close floor 12 or the floor material 56 in each of the fermentation treatment tanks 51a, 51b, and 51c. It is desirable to arrange the workpieces in the middle and above and below.
The upper vent 58A is mainly used for discharging fermentation gas generated from the fermentation tanks 51a, 51b, and 51c (generically referring to gas generated by fermentation due to the action of microorganisms). It is connected to the connected exhaust passage 62. The discharge side of the intake blower 61 is fed into an airtight tank-shaped heat exchange device 60 and exchanges heat with the outside air flowing through the heat exchange pipe 63 routed in the heat exchange device 60. ing. The lower part of the heat exchange device 60 opens below the surface of the trap 64 in which a predetermined level of water is stored, and the fermentation gas that has passed through the water in the trap 64 is discharged into the atmosphere.
[0031]
In addition, the exhaust gas from the heat exchange device 60 is connected to the vent holes 58 </ b> B of the fermentation treatment tanks 51 a, 51 b, 51 c through the air supply passage 67. This distribution system serves as an exhaust system for the heat exchange device 60, but is an air supply system for the fermentation treatment apparatus, and is therefore referred to as an air supply system based on the fermentation treatment apparatus. The air supply channel 67 is connected to the vent hole 58B of each fermentation treatment tank 51a, 51b, 51c via each of the regulating valves 65A, 65B, 65C. The exhaust passage 62 is provided with a switching valve 66A, and the air supply passage 67 is provided with a switching valve 66B so as to switch the flow direction of the air supply and exhaust.
[0032]
Outside air is supplied to the heat exchange pipe 63 via a regulating valve 65D. Further, the heat exchange device 60 is provided with an exhaust passage 68 of a system different from that of the trap 64, and after the odor is absorbed by the deodorizer in the deodorization tank 69 provided in the exhaust passage 68, the outside Can be evacuated. The exhaust passage 68 is provided with an adjustment valve 65E. Moreover, as a deodorizing agent used for the deodorizing tank 69, for example, mature compost (compost which has been fermented and decomposed to such an extent that no odor is generated) or a substance having a large odor absorbing action such as activated carbon is used. Use it.
[0033]
A field maturation device 70 is provided as a facility separate from the fermentation processing apparatus main body 50. This field accumulation ripening device 70 is configured to stack containers 71 and support them on a frame-like rack 72, and stores the processed material that has been subjected to fermentation treatment in the fermentation treatment device 50 for a predetermined period, and further aged. Some perform secondary fermentation treatment. The said container 71 is arrange | positioned under the said fermentation treatment tank 51c, and the to-be-processed object which the fermentation process (it calls a primary fermentation process) in a fermentation treatment tank complete | finished is accommodated. A leg 73 is provided at the bottom of the container 71 so as to secure a gap for inserting a fork of a forklift as a conveying means.
[0034]
Operation | movement of the fermentation processing apparatus of other embodiment comprised as mentioned above is demonstrated.
In the normal fermentation treatment, the open / close floor 12, the slide plate 57, and the valve mechanisms 53A, 53B, 53C are closed, the workpieces are accommodated in the respective fermentation treatment tanks 51a, 51b, 51c, and are partitioned from each other. Done in state.
In the example of FIG. 10, by switching the switching valves 66 </ b> A and 66 </ b> B, each fermentation is performed by connecting the third-stage fermentation treatment tank 51 c to the exhaust flow path 62 and connecting the air supply flow path 67 to the heat exchange pipe 63. Fermentation processing is performed while supplying fresh air to the processing tanks 51a, 51b, 51c. At this time, since the outside air in the heat exchange pipe 63 is heat exchanged with the fermentation gas supplied into the heat exchange device 60 via the exhaust passage 62, each fermentation treatment tank 51a, 51b, 51c temperature reduction can be minimized. The amount of fresh air introduced is adjusted according to the degree of opening and closing of the regulating valve 65D. In addition, by adjusting the regulating valves 65A, 65B, and 65C, it is possible to supply necessary fresh air according to the actual state of the fermentation treatment in the fermentation treatment tanks 51a, 51b, and 51c. Further, the fermentation gas sent to the heat exchange device 62 is heat-exchanged with fresh air as described above, and then water-soluble components are absorbed by passing water in the trap 64 and then released into the atmosphere. Alternatively, after the odor is adsorbed by the adsorbent in the deodorizing tank 69, it is released into the atmosphere. The distribution ratio between the trap 64 and the deodorizing tank 69 is adjusted by the opening degree of the adjustment valve 65E.
[0035]
In the example of FIG. 11, by switching the switching valve 66 </ b> A, the third-stage fermentation treatment tank 51 c is shut off from the exhaust flow path 62, and the supply air flow path 67 is connected to the heat exchange pipe 63 so that the fermentation treatment tank 51 a, Fermentation is performed while supplying fresh air to 51b. Further, by switching the switching valve 66B, the exhaust gas from the heat exchange device 60 is supplied to the third stage fermentation treatment tank 51c, and the fresh air supply passage 67 is provided in the first and second stage fermentation treatment tanks. Connect to 51a and 51b only.
[0036]
In the example of FIG. 11, a relatively large amount of fresh air is required in the initial stage of fermentation, and the first and second stage fermentation treatment tanks 51 a and 51 b that generate a large amount of fermentation gas accompanying fermentation are used. While performing the fermentation process while supplying fresh air, the exhaust gas can be sent to the heat exchange device 60. Further, the exhaust gas from the heat exchange device 60 branches to a trap 64, a deodorizing tank 69, and a third-stage fermentation processing tank 51c. Among these, the fermentation gas passing through the trap 64 and the deodorizing tank 69 is deodorized by these facilities. In addition, the fermentation gas supplied to the third-stage fermentation treatment tank 51c via the circulation hole 58B passes through the workpieces deposited on the flooring 56, and then enters the atmosphere via the circulation hole 58A. Released. Since the object to be treated in the third stage fermentation treatment tank 51c is being decomposed by microorganisms, the odor generated from itself is extremely small. For this reason, it is possible to deodorize the fermentation gas containing odors from the supplied first and second stage fermentation tanks 51a and 51b.
[0037]
In this embodiment, by switching the switching valves 66A and 66B, in the state of FIG. 10, all of the exhaust from the fermentation tanks 51a, 51b and 51c is exchanged with fresh air in the heat exchange device 60. Then, after deodorizing with the trap 64 or the deodorizing tank 69, it discharge | releases to air | atmosphere, The said fresh air can be supplied to each fermentation processing tank 51a, 51b, 51c. Moreover, in the state of FIG. 11, while heat-exchanging the exhaust_gas | exhaustion of the fermentation process tanks 51a and 51b with which fermentation reaction is active in the initial stage of fermentation, and supplying fresh air to these fermentation process tanks 51a and 51b, The exhaust gas from the heat exchange device 60 can be supplied to the fermentation treatment tank 51c in the final fermentation stage, filtered through the object to be treated in the fermentation treatment tank 51c, which has been almost completely fermented, and released into the atmosphere.
[0038]
Also in this embodiment, the open / close floor 12 is opened and the slide plate 57 is slid to drop the objects to be processed in the fermentation treatment tanks 51a, 51b, 51c into the lower fermentation treatment tanks 51b, 51c or the container 71. In this fall, it is necessary to open the valve mechanisms 53A to 53C (in a state where the blades are erected) so as not to prevent the fall of the object to be treated. . In the illustrated case, the opening / closing directions (directions of the rotation axis of the blades) of the first and second opening / closing floors 12 and the valve mechanisms 53A and 53B below the opening / closing floors 12 and 53B are different. The workpiece can be loosened more reliably.
In addition, the third-stage fermentation treatment tank 51c needs to deposit a certain amount of the object to be treated in order to filter the fermentation gas. In the third-stage fermentation treatment tank 51c, consideration is given to opening and closing by a sliding operation of the slide plate so that the opening and closing operation can be performed with a relatively small driving force regardless of the weight of the accumulated workpieces. Yes.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the composting apparatus of the present invention includes a plurality of fermentation treatment tanks, and an open / close floor that divides the fermentation treatment tank in the height direction, and is input from the uppermost stage of the fermentation treatment tank. After the object to be treated is mixed with microorganisms and subjected to fermentation treatment, the open / close floor is sequentially operated to move to the lower fermentation treatment tank, so that the apparatus can be configured in three dimensions and installation space can be reduced. In addition, by dropping in the air without using a stirring mechanism, stirring energy for bringing the object to be processed into contact with the air is unnecessary, and the running cost can be reduced. Furthermore, the device can be easily sealed, and odor management is easy.
[0040]
In addition, since the open / close floor forms a plurality of passages, the object to be processed does not drop as a large lump when moving to the lower fermentation treatment tank, and it comes into contact with the air without any problem. The activity of aerial bacteria and actinomycetes can be activated.
[0041]
Further, each fermentation treatment tank is partitioned in an airtight manner using the valve mechanism, the fermentation gas is surely sent to the deodorizing means to prevent the odor accompanying the fermentation treatment from diffusing into the atmosphere, and heat exchange with the fermentation gas is performed. Fresh air can be fed into the fermentation tank to promote fermentation.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partially cutaway front view showing a composting processing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a rear view of the composting apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a plan view showing the composting apparatus.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a handle portion used in the composting apparatus.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing an open / close floor used in the composting apparatus.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a main part showing an operating state of the composting apparatus.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing the operating state of the composting apparatus.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the main part showing the operating state of the composting apparatus.
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a composting apparatus according to another embodiment of the present invention.
10 is an explanatory diagram of one switching state in the apparatus of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of another switching state in the apparatus of FIG. 9;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Composting processing apparatus 11a-11c, 51a-51c Fermentation processing tank 12 Opening / closing floor 13 Input port 14 Exhaust cylinder 15 Hinge 16 Opening / closing door 17 Handle 18 Damper 19 Inspection window 20 Handle 21 Drive shaft 22 Maintenance door 23 Worm 24 Blade shaft 25 Worm gears 26 and 54 Blade 31 Workpieces 53A to 53C Valve mechanism 56 Floor material 57 Slide plates 58A and 58B Ventilation hole 60 Heat exchange device 62 Exhaust flow path 63 Heat exchange pipe 64 Traps 65A to 65E Adjustment valves 66A and 66B Switching valve 67 Air supply channel 69 Deodorization tank 70 Field ripening device

Claims (5)

A plurality of fermentation treatment tanks stacked up and down, an open / close floor provided between the plurality of fermentation treatment tanks stacked above and below to support an object to be processed, and a plurality of fermentation treatment tanks stacked above and below A valve mechanism that is provided between the upper and lower fermentation treatment tanks so as to be openable and closable,
Compost that holds the workpieces that are input from the uppermost stage of the fermentation treatment tank and mixed with microorganisms in each fermentation treatment tank for a predetermined time, and sequentially moves the open / close floor and valve mechanism to the lower fermentation treatment tank. Processing equipment,
The passage formed by the open / close floor has a different planar shape between the open / close floor of the upper stage and the open / close floor of the lower stage,
The open / close floor includes a plurality of strip-shaped blades that rotate about an axis,
The direction of these blades is arranged at a position orthogonal to each other on the upper stage and the lower stage,
The composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the valve mechanism opens and closes by rotating a blade about an axis.   2. The composting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the air flow passage generated by the valve mechanism is different from the shape of the passage generated by the opening / closing floor.   2. A heat exchange device is provided for exchanging heat between the fermentation gas discharged from the fermentation treatment tank and fresh air, heating the fresh air by the heat exchange, and supplying the fresh air to the fermentation treatment tank. Or the composting processing apparatus of 2.   The composting apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the fermentation gas heat-exchanged by the heat exchange device is discharged into the atmosphere through a deodorizing means.   5. The composting apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the deodorizing means deodorizes the fermentation gas by passing through the object to be processed accumulated in the fermentation tank.

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