CN115650781A - Biological drying decomposition-promoting perishable garbage treatment device and process thereof - Google Patents
Biological drying decomposition-promoting perishable garbage treatment device and process thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a perishable garbage treatment device for biological drying and decomposition promotion and a process thereof. In the device, a drying bin required by biological drying and a decomposing bin required by aerobic decomposition are integrated, the drying bin is used for biologically drying the easily-decomposed garbage, the dehydration rate is reduced, and the microbial biomass in the easily-decomposed garbage is increased, so that the requirement of subsequent aerobic compost decomposition on the microbial biomass is met; and then the decomposed material is continuously subjected to aerobic composting by using the decomposition bin, so that the material is decomposed into organic fertilizer. Therefore, the invention can provide the optimal growth and metabolism conditions for aerobic microorganisms through the linkage effect of 'ventilation aeration-mechanical stirring-heat energy utilization-moisture removal-material decomposition', realize the rapid dehydration and decomposition of perishable garbage, solve the problems of large occupied area, long material dehydration and fertilizer forming period, poor fertilizer efficiency and the like in the process of fertilizing perishable garbage, and provide an integrated process method for the efficient and low-consumption rapid treatment of perishable garbage in engineering practice.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of garbage treatment equipment, and particularly relates to a perishable garbage treatment device for biological drying and decomposition promotion and a process thereof.
Background
The perishable garbage has pollution property and resource property, on one hand, the perishable garbage belongs to the pollution property of high moisture content, easy decay, deterioration, odor generation and mosquito breeding, and on the other hand, the perishable garbage also has resource property of resource utilization and fertilizer utilization. With the continuous improvement of the garbage classification proportion, the resource treatment requirement of the perishable garbage is larger and larger. However, the technology for efficiently recycling and utilizing the perishable garbage has a lot of difficulties at present, wherein the important reasons are that the perishable garbage has too high water content, the perishable garbage is easy to agglomerate, the ventilation and oxygen supply of an aerobic system are damaged, the local anaerobic and organic component degradation is hindered, the recycling and fertilizing effects of the perishable garbage are greatly reduced, the problems of large occupied area of treatment facilities, long fermentation period, associated malodorous gas and the like are caused, and the popularization and application of the technology are greatly limited.
The biological drying process is a process for drying materials by the characteristic that microorganisms degrade organic matters to generate heat, and has the advantages of low energy consumption and short period.
For example, in the invention patent with publication number CN103922816a, a biological drying system and method for farm-cultivated excrement is disclosed, the biological drying system for farm-cultivated excrement comprises a stirring system, a conveying system, an automatic batching system, an aeration system, at least one biological drying workshop, an air draft system and a deodorization system. According to the invention, the collected excrement of the farm is mixed with auxiliary materials through a stirring system, then the mixed materials are transferred to an automatic batching system at the top of a biological drying workshop through a conveying system, the automatic batching system automatically distributes the materials to the biological drying workshop, and in the biological drying workshop, heat generated by mixing the excrement with the auxiliary materials is transferred from bottom to top under the action of an aeration system and an air draft system, so that the whole stack material is uniformly heated, the temperature is raised, the excrement is rapidly and biologically dried, meanwhile, water in the materials is changed into steam, the steam is discharged into a deodorization system for purification under the action of the air draft system, and then is discharged into the air, and secondary pollution is avoided.
For example, the invention patent with the publication number of CN110981559A discloses a continuous feeding and full mixing type biological drying device without a temperature rise period and a method thereof, wherein the device comprises a box body, a stirring screw and an aeration nozzle; the box body adopts a U-shaped reaction bin as a biological drying reaction bin, and a stirring screw and an aeration nozzle are arranged in the box body for turning, stirring and ventilating and aerating; the stirring screw adopts a helical blade to avoid plastic winding and stirring dead angles; the anti-blocking design is carried out on the aeration nozzle; the method comprises a starting scheme and an operation scheme, and the microorganisms and the water are reasonably distributed by completely mixing the fresh perishable garbage and the decomposed materials to obtain extremely high microorganism biomass and microorganism activity, so that a long temperature rise period (microorganism growth period) is skipped in the fermentation process, the retention time is shortened, the occupied area is reduced, and the investment cost and the operation and maintenance cost are reduced.
However, the main purpose of the biological drying process is to reduce the water content of the garbage material, and the final dried material is used as fertilizer directly or used for pyrolysis or incineration of garbage. But the dried material is directly used as a fertilizer, so that the defect of insufficient decomposition degree exists, and the germination index of seeds is low. At present, the garbage pyrolysis or incineration technology still has a plurality of technical or non-technical disputes, so that the wide popularization of the technology still has certain limits.
The composting fermentation technology is another important way in the field of perishable garbage recycling treatment as a method capable of performing harmless treatment and full recycling on perishable garbage. However, when the biological drying process is applied to the compost fermentation technology, the microbial content is insufficient, and a microbial inoculum is required to be additionally added to improve the microbial biomass. Therefore, how to efficiently and economically realize the fertilization of perishable garbage is a technical problem to be solved at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a perishable garbage treatment device and a process thereof for biological drying and decomposition promotion, which are used for treating perishable garbage through biological drying and decomposition, so that the perishable garbage is deeply decomposed into organic fertilizer, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a perishable garbage treatment device with biological drying and decomposition promotion functions, which comprises an integrated treatment device, a first material conveying mechanism, a second material conveying mechanism and a vibrating screening mechanism;
the internal bin body of the integrated treatment equipment is divided into a drying bin and a decomposing bin, and both bin bodies are provided with heat insulation structures; the drying bin and the decomposing bin both comprise a feeding hole and a discharging hole, and the discharging hole of the drying bin is connected with the feeding hole of the decomposing bin through a material moving channel which can be controlled to open and close; the drying bin is internally provided with a stirring device for fully mixing and stirring the materials in the bin, a first gas supply device for aerating and supplying oxygen to the materials in the bin and a first gas extraction and dehumidification device for exhausting gas in the bin; a turning device for turning and throwing the materials in the bin, a second gas supply device for aerating and supplying oxygen to the materials in the bin and a second gas extraction and dehumidification device for exhausting gas in the bin are arranged in the decomposing bin; the turning and throwing device comprises a plane walking driving mechanism, an adjusting mechanism and a chain plate type turning and piling mechanism; the chain plate type turning mechanism is arranged on the plane walking driving mechanism, is driven by the plane walking driving mechanism to move in a stacking plane of the decomposing bin, can obliquely extend into materials in the bin, and turns and throws the materials at the position to one side close to the discharging end; the adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the depth of the chain plate type pile turning mechanism extending into the materials in the bin, and the adjusting range of the adjusting mechanism is such that the chain plate type pile turning mechanism can be completely separated from the materials in the bin;
the first material conveying mechanism is arranged at the front end of the integrated treatment equipment, and a discharge hole of the first material conveying mechanism is connected with a feed hole of the drying bin and is used for conveying perishable garbage to be treated into the drying bin;
the second material conveying mechanism is arranged at the rear end of the integrated treatment equipment, a feeding hole of the second material conveying mechanism is connected with a discharging hole of the decomposing bin, and a discharging hole of the second material conveying mechanism is connected with a feeding hole of the vibrating screening mechanism and is used for conveying decomposed materials output from the decomposing bin to the vibrating screening mechanism;
the vibrating screening mechanism is used for vibrating screening the decomposed materials through a screen.
As a preferable mode of the first aspect, the stirring device includes a stirring blade, a stirring driving motor and a stirring shaft, the stirring blade is mounted on the stirring shaft and driven by the stirring shaft to rotate synchronously, and an end of the stirring shaft is connected with an output shaft of the stirring driving motor; and the stirring blades comprise a first spiral blade, a second spiral blade and a stirring rod, wherein the first spiral blade and the second spiral blade are respectively and symmetrically arranged at two sides of the stirring shaft, and the stirring rod is arranged on the stirring shaft between the first spiral blade and the second spiral blade.
Preferably, the first air supply device and the second air supply device adopt the same air supply system, and comprise an air supply pump and an air supply pipe which are connected, wherein the tail end of the air supply pipe is divided into a plurality of air supply branches which are respectively connected with different aeration holes at the bottoms of the drying bin and the decomposing bin; preferably, the air supply pipe is provided with a heater for heating air; preferably, heating plates are arranged on the outer surfaces of the drying bin and the decomposing bin.
As the optimization of the first aspect, the first air exhaust and dehumidification device and the second air exhaust and dehumidification device adopt the same set of air exhaust system and comprise the exhaust pipes and the air exhaust devices which are connected, wherein the front ends of the exhaust pipes are divided into a plurality of exhaust branches which are respectively connected with different exhaust holes at the tops of the drying bin and the decomposing bin.
Preferably, in the first aspect, the plane running driving mechanism includes an axial slide rail, a transverse slide rail, an axial driving mechanism, and a transverse driving mechanism; the two axial sliding rails are arranged on the upper parts of the side walls on the two sides of the decomposing bin in parallel; two ends of the transverse slide rail are respectively erected on the two axial slide rails and are driven by the axial driving mechanism to move along the two axial slide rails; the chain plate type turning mechanism is hung on the transverse sliding rail through a mounting rack and is driven by the transverse driving mechanism to move along the transverse sliding rail.
Preferably, the chain plate type turning mechanism comprises a chain plate driven by two mounting rollers and a plurality of turning and throwing plates which are distributed on the plane of the chain plate, the mounting rollers are driven by the turning and throwing driving mechanism to rotate, and the turning and throwing plates on the chain plate are driven to carry materials to the highest point for turning and throwing.
Preferably, the adjusting mechanism is a turnover driving mechanism, the chain plate type turning mechanism is integrally hinged to the mounting frame, and is driven by the turnover driving mechanism to integrally rotate around a rotation center, so that the inclination angle of the plane of the chain plate and the depth of the material extending into the bin are changed.
As a preferable aspect of the first aspect, the first material conveying mechanism and the second material conveying mechanism both adopt screw conveyors, and each screw conveyor comprises a spiral pipe, a spiral blade and a conveying driving motor; the spiral pipe is obliquely arranged, the lower end of the spiral pipe is provided with a material inlet, and the upper section of the spiral pipe is provided with a material outlet; the helical blades are coaxially arranged in the helical pipe, one end of each helical blade is driven by the conveying driving motor to rotate, and materials are conveyed from the material inlet to the material outlet.
Preferably, the vibrating and sifting mechanism includes a screen, a supporting spring and a vibrating mechanism which are arranged in the housing; the screen cloth is arranged in an inclined mode, the bottom of the screen cloth is supported by a plurality of supporting springs, the vibrating mechanism is used for applying vibrating force to the screen cloth, and the upper space and the lower space of the screen cloth are respectively provided with a discharging hole in the shell.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a biological drying and decay-promoting process for a perishable waste treatment device according to any of the above aspects, which comprises the following steps:
s1, performing purification and impurity removal, crushing and dehydration and auxiliary material doping on perishable garbage to be treated every day to form a material to be treated;
s2, conveying all the materials to be processed obtained in the step S1 to the drying bin through the first material conveying mechanism, and after the materials to be processed are fed into the drying bin, carrying out biological drying on the materials to be processed for 22-24 hours to obtain dried materials; the stirring device, the first air supply device and the first air exhaust and dehumidification device are periodically started in the biological drying process, so that the materials to be treated in the bin are subjected to full-mixing stirring, aeration and air exhaust and dehumidification in an intermittent manner; in each hour, the first air supply device and the first air extraction and dehumidification device are linked to operate for 10-20 minutes, meanwhile, the stirring device is started to fully mix and stir the materials for 8-10 minutes in the linked operation period, the stirring device, the first air supply device and the first air extraction and dehumidification device do not operate for the rest time, and the materials are kept in a standing state;
s3, after the biological drying process of the S2 is finished, opening the material moving channel, starting a stirring device to transfer and accumulate the dried materials in the drying bin at the feed end of the decomposing bin adopting a continuous feeding and discharging operation mode through the material moving channel, wherein the materials newly transferred into the decomposing bin are not mixed with the existing materials in the decomposing bin, and the layering is kept in the axial direction of the bin body;
s4, after all the materials in the drying bin are transferred to the decomposing bin, closing the material transferring channel, and continuing to perform aerobic decomposing fermentation on the materials to be treated in the decomposing bin; in the aerobic decomposition fermentation process, the second air exhaust and dehumidification device is started to exhaust air and dehumidify the air in the bin in the whole process, and the turning device and the second air supply device are started at regular time to turn and aerate all the materials to be treated in an intermittent manner, wherein the aeration frequency is 10-30 minutes/hour, and the turning frequency is 1-2 times/day; when the turning and throwing device is started every time, the chain plate type turning and throwing mechanism is driven by the plane walking driving mechanism to move axially from the discharging end to the feeding end of the rotten bin step by step, and materials on the cross section of the whole bin body at different axial positions are turned and thrown backwards layer by layer in the axial moving process, so that the materials in the rotten bin move axially from the feeding end to the discharging end step by step and the layering between new and old materials is always kept; the retention time of the dried material in the decomposition bin is kept for 5 to 8 days, and finally the decomposed material is output from a discharge hole of the decomposition bin;
and S5, conveying the decomposed materials output in the S4 to the vibrating screening mechanism through the second material conveying mechanism, and outputting decomposed organic fertilizers meeting the particle size requirement.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention relates to a perishable garbage treatment device and a process thereof for promoting decomposition by biological drying through coupling biological drying and aerobic compost decomposition. In the device, a drying bin required by biological drying and a decomposing bin required by aerobic decomposition are integrated, the drying bin is used for biologically drying the easily-decomposed garbage, the dehydration rate is reduced, and the microbial biomass in the easily-decomposed garbage is increased, so that the requirement of subsequent aerobic compost decomposition on the microbial biomass is met; and then the decomposed material is continuously subjected to aerobic composting by using the decomposition bin, so that the material is decomposed into organic fertilizer. Therefore, the invention can provide the optimal growth and metabolism conditions for aerobic microorganisms through the linkage effect of 'ventilation aeration-mechanical stirring-heat energy utilization-moisture removal-material decomposition', realize the rapid dehydration and decomposition of perishable garbage, solve the problems of large occupied area, long material dehydration and fertilizer forming period, poor fertilizer efficiency and the like in the process of fertilizing perishable garbage, and provide an integrated process method for the efficient and low-consumption rapid treatment of perishable garbage in engineering practice. And the equipment can control the moisture and temperature of the materials in the fermentation process, so that the fermentation is smoothly carried out, the generation and dissipation of odor are reduced, and the pollution to the environment is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biological drying and decomposing integrated treatment device for perishable garbage;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a drying chamber;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the turning device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of aeration holes and heating plates on the bottom surface of the decomposition bin;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the chain plate type turning mechanism for adjusting the posture through rotation;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a first material conveying mechanism;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the vibratory screening mechanism.
The reference numbers in the figures are: the drying bin comprises a drying bin 1, a decomposing bin 2, a stirring device 3, a chain plate type turning mechanism 4, an axial slide rail 5, a power device 6, an air supply pump 7, a heater 8, an air supply pipe 9, a heating plate 10, a discharge door 11, an exhaust pipe 12, a mounting frame 13, a transverse slide rail 14, a stirring rod 15, a first spiral blade 16, a second spiral blade 17, a stirring driving motor 18, a stirring shaft 19, a drying bin shell 20, a rotating shaft 21, a rotating motor 22, a fixed rack 23, a turning motor 24, a turning plate 25, a chain plate 26, a mounting roller 27, a first material conveying mechanism 28, a second material conveying mechanism 29, a vibrating screening mechanism 30, a decomposing bin shell 31, an aeration hole 32, a material inlet 281, a spiral pipe 282, a spiral blade 283, a conveying driving motor 284, a material outlet 285, a screen 301, a supporting spring 302, a vibrating mechanism 303, an oversize material discharge hole 304 and an undersize material discharge hole 305.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. The technical characteristics in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined correspondingly without mutual conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or be indirectly connected to the other element, i.e., intervening elements may be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly connected" to another element, there are no intervening elements present.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implying any number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, there is provided a biological drying and decomposition-promoting perishable waste treatment device, which comprises, as essential components, an integrated treatment facility, a first material transport mechanism 28, a second material transport mechanism 29, and a vibratory screening mechanism. The integrated treatment equipment is the core of the treatment device, the internal bin body of the integrated treatment equipment is divided into a drying bin 1 and a decomposing bin 2, wherein the drying bin 1 is used for biologically drying the perishable garbage, and the microbial biomass in the perishable garbage is improved while the dehydration rate is reduced, so that the requirement of subsequent aerobic compost decomposing on the microbial biomass is met; the decomposition bin 2 is used for continuously carrying out aerobic composting on the material after the biological drying so as to decompose the material into organic fertilizer. The drying bin 1 and the decomposing bin 2 are respectively positioned in the drying bin shell 20 and the decomposing bin shell 31, and in order to ensure the heat preservation effect of the two bin bodies, the drying bin shell 20 and the decomposing bin shell 31 are wrapped by heat preservation layers, so that the heat loss of materials in the two bin bodies is avoided.
The drying bin 1 and the decomposing bin 2 both comprise a feeding hole and a discharging hole, and the discharging hole of the drying bin 1 is connected with the feeding hole of the decomposing bin 2 through a material moving bin channel which can be controlled to be opened and closed. It should be noted that the material moving channel is used for transferring the biologically dried material in the drying bin 1 to the decomposing bin 2, and the specific form is not limited as long as the material can be transferred in a heat preservation state. But in order to guarantee that two storehouse bodies do not influence each other, this material moves storehouse passageway and needs can the external control switching. In this embodiment, the material moves the storehouse passageway and is formed by the discharge gate of mummification storehouse 1 and the direct butt joint intercommunication of the feed inlet of rotten storehouse 2, therefore this material moves the storehouse passageway and is an export that can open and close in fact, and the material in the mummification storehouse 1 can directly fall into in the rotten storehouse 2 from this export. The material moving channel is in a closed state in the biological drying process, is opened for material transfer after biological drying is completed, and is closed again after the transfer is completed. The opening and closing of the material moving channel can be realized by installing a discharge door 11 with a power device 6, and the material outlet is opened by opening the discharge door 11. The specific form of power device 6 and discharge door 11 can be adjusted according to actual need, and discharge door 11 can vertically move in this embodiment in order to open and close the material export, and drive its vertical power device 6 then adopts linear drive mechanism, realizes for example pneumatic rod, straight line module etc..
A stirring device 3, a first air supply device and a first air exhaust and dehumidification device are arranged in a drying bin 1, wherein the stirring device 3 is used for carrying out full mixing stirring on materials in the bin so as to enable the materials to be fully mixed, the first air supply device is used for carrying out aeration oxygen supply on the materials in the bin so as to provide sufficient oxygen for microorganisms in the materials, and the first air exhaust and dehumidification device is used for exhausting air in the bin so as to realize a dehumidification function. The concrete forms of the stirring device 3, the first air supply device and the first air exhaust and dehumidification device are not limited, and can be adjusted according to actual needs.
Referring to fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the stirring device 3 includes a stirring blade, a stirring driving motor 18 and a stirring shaft 19, wherein the stirring blade is mounted on the stirring shaft 19 and is driven by the stirring shaft 19 to rotate synchronously, and an end of the stirring shaft 19 is connected to an output shaft of the stirring driving motor 18. When the stirring driving motor 18 works, the stirring blade is driven to rotate by the stirring shaft 19, so that the materials in the drying bin 1 are fully stirred. In order to ensure the mixing effect of the materials in the drying bin 1, the invention is provided with a special form of stirring blade, which comprises a first spiral blade 16, a second spiral blade 17 and a stirring rod 15, wherein the first spiral blade 16 and the second spiral blade 17 are respectively and symmetrically arranged at two sides of a stirring shaft 19, and the stirring rod 15 is arranged on the stirring shaft 19 between the first spiral blade 16 and the second spiral blade 17. The stirring rods 15 may be provided in plural numbers, and are uniformly distributed around the outside of the stirring shaft 19, and the stirring rods 15 are T-shaped, one end of the vertical section thereof is connected to the stirring shaft 19, and the horizontal section is fixed to the other end of the vertical section. The rotating directions of the first spiral blade 16 and the second spiral blade 17 are set to enable the materials to be gathered to the position of the stirring rod 15, and the materials in the whole bin body are fully mixed under the stirring of the stirring rod 15. In addition, when the stirring rod 15 rotates along with the shaft, the horizontal section of the stirring rod is preferably close to the bottom of the inner wall of the drying bin 1, so that the material can be directly pushed out into the decomposing bin 2 after the discharging door 11 is subsequently opened.
The decomposing and maturing bin 2 is internally provided with a turning and throwing device, a second air supply device and a second air exhausting and dehumidifying device, wherein the turning and throwing device is used for turning and throwing materials in the bin so that the materials can gradually move from an inlet end to an outlet end in a layer-by-layer translation mode, the second air supply device is used for aerating and supplying oxygen to the materials in the bin so as to provide sufficient oxygen for microorganisms in the materials, and the second air exhausting and dehumidifying device is used for exhausting air in the bin so as to realize a dehumidifying function. The specific forms of the turning device, the second air supply device and the second air exhaust and dehumidification device are not limited and can be adjusted according to actual needs.
For convenience of description, the direction of a connecting line between the feeding end and the discharging end in the decomposing silo 2 is referred to as an axial direction, and a horizontal direction perpendicular to the axial direction is referred to as a transverse direction.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the turning device of the invention comprises a plane running driving mechanism, an adjusting mechanism and a chain plate type turning mechanism 4, wherein the plane running driving mechanism can adopt a driving device capable of moving to any position on a plane, and preferably adopts a cross positioning driving mechanism capable of moving along two degrees of freedom in the axial direction and the transverse direction. The chain plate type turning mechanism 4 is arranged on the plane walking driving mechanism, and is driven by the plane walking driving mechanism to move in the composting plane of the decomposing bin 2, so that materials at different positions are turned over. The chain plate type turning mechanism 4 can obliquely extend into the materials in the bin, and the inclination direction of the chain plate type turning mechanism faces the discharge end of the materials, so that the materials at the position can be turned and thrown to the side close to the discharge end when the chain plate type turning mechanism 4 operates. In addition, the adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the depth of the chain plate type pile turning mechanism 4 extending into the materials in the bin, and the adjusting range of the adjusting mechanism enables the chain plate type pile turning mechanism 4 to be completely separated from the materials in the bin. The specific structural forms of the plane walking driving mechanism, the adjusting mechanism and the chain plate type turning mechanism 4 can be set according to actual requirements.
With continued reference to fig. 1 and 3, in the present embodiment, the planar traveling drive mechanism includes axial slide rails 5, transverse slide rails 14, an axial drive mechanism and a transverse drive mechanism, which constitute a mechanism capable of performing a cross-shaped positioning movement above the material plane of the decomposing silo 2. The two axial sliding rails 5 are arranged on the upper parts of the side walls of the two sides of the decomposing bin 2 in parallel, and the installation height of the two axial sliding rails should be higher than the height of a material pile in the decomposing bin 2. And two ends of the transverse slide rail 14 are respectively erected on the two axial slide rails 5 through slide blocks, and are driven by the axial driving mechanism to move along the two axial slide rails 5. The chain plate type turning mechanism 4 is hung on a transverse sliding rail 14 through a mounting frame 13, and is driven by a transverse driving mechanism to move along the transverse sliding rail 14. The specific form of the axial driving mechanism and the transverse driving mechanism is not limited, and both can be realized by a screw rod sliding block assembly with a driving motor. The axial driving mechanism drives the axial lead screw to rotate through the axial driving motor so as to control the sliding block in threaded fit with the lead screw to move along the axial direction, and drives the transverse sliding rail 14 to move along the axial direction through the sliding block; similarly, the transverse driving mechanism drives the transverse screw rod to rotate through the transverse driving motor so as to control the slide block in threaded fit with the screw rod to move transversely, and the slide block drives the mounting frame 13 mounted on the transverse slide rail 14 to drive the chain plate type turning mechanism 4 to move transversely.
With continued reference to fig. 1 and 3, in the present embodiment, the slat type turning mechanism 4 includes a slat 26 driven by two mounting rollers 27 and a plurality of turning plates 25 mounted in a distributed manner on the plane of the slat 26. Two of the installation rollers 27 are arranged in parallel, a certain interval is kept between the two installation rollers 27 through a fixed connecting rod, the chain plate 26 is wound outside the two installation rollers 27, one installation roller 27 is a driving roller, and the other installation roller 27 is a driven roller. The driving roll turning driving mechanism is driven to rotate, in the embodiment, the turning driving mechanism adopts a turning motor 24, and the driving roll is connected with the turning motor 24 through a belt, so that the chain plate 26 is controlled to rotate between two mounting rolls 27 under the driving of the turning motor 24. The planes of the chain plates 26 are uniformly distributed by a series of turning plates 25, and the plate surfaces of the turning plates 25 are vertical to the planes of the chain plates 26, so that the included angles of the two can be used for accumulating materials. Referring to fig. 1, after the installation roller 27 is driven to rotate by the turning and throwing driving mechanism, the chain plate 26 is driven to rotate clockwise, so that the turning and throwing plate 25 on the chain plate can be driven to carry the material to the highest point for turning and throwing, and the material close to the feeding end can be moved to the side close to the discharging end.
In addition, the adjusting mechanism in the invention can be a vertical up-and-down adjusting mechanism or an overturning driving mechanism. In the present embodiment, the adjusting mechanism adopts a turnover driving mechanism, and the adjustment of the chain plate type turning mechanism 4 is realized by changing the inclination angle of the plane of the chain plate. Referring to fig. 1 and 3, the chain plate type turning mechanism 4 is integrally hinged to a fixed frame 23, and the fixed frame 23 is mounted below the mounting frame 13 through a rotating shaft 21, and the rotating shaft 21 is driven by a rotating motor 22 to rotate, thereby driving the chain plate type turning mechanism 4 on the whole fixed frame 23 to integrally rotate by taking the rotating shaft 21 as a rotating center, so as to change the inclination angle of the chain plate plane thereof, as shown in fig. 5. And when the inclination angle is changed, the depth of the whole chain plate extending into the material in the bin is changed.
In addition, in the drying chamber 1 and the decomposing chamber 2, the air supply devices may be independent or shared, and the air extraction and dehumidification devices may be independent or shared.
With continued reference to fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the first air supply device and the second air supply device in the drying bin 1 and the decomposing bin 2 adopt the same air supply system, which includes an air supply pump 7 and an air supply pipe 9 connected to each other, wherein the end of the air supply pipe 9 is divided into a plurality of air supply branches, which are respectively connected to different aeration holes 32 at the bottom of the drying bin 1 and the decomposing bin 2.
With reference to fig. 1, in this embodiment, the first air-extracting and dehumidifying device and the second air-extracting and dehumidifying device in the drying bin 1 and the decomposing bin 2 adopt the same set of air-extracting system, which includes the exhaust pipe 12 and the air-extracting device connected to each other, wherein the front end of the exhaust pipe 12 is divided into a plurality of exhaust branches, which are respectively connected to different exhaust holes at the top of the drying bin 1 and the decomposing bin 2.
In addition, since microorganisms in the perishable waste are sensitive to temperature, it is preferable that the air supply pipe 9 is provided with a heater 8 for heating air, and the heating plate 10 is attached to the inner side of the heat insulating layer of the outer surfaces of the drying chamber 1 and the decomposing chamber 2. The heater 8 and the heating plate 10 are mainly used for material heat preservation when the room temperature is lower in winter, heat loss is avoided, and the heater can be used without starting when the room temperature is higher than 5 ℃. When the room temperature is lower than 5 ℃, the air pumped by the air supply pump 7 is heated to a certain temperature by the heater 8 and then enters the air supply pipe 9, and then enters the drying bin 1 and the decomposing bin 2 through the aeration holes 33, so that the oxygen amount in the drying bin 1 and the decomposing bin 2 is kept in a sufficient state, and the heat of materials in the drying bin 1 and the decomposing bin 2 is prevented from being taken away by cold air. In addition, the heating plate 10 can be used for carrying out auxiliary heating on the drying bin 1 and the decomposing bin 2 to maintain the temperature of the internal materials.
In addition, the aeration holes and the heating plates 10 in the drying bin 1 and the decomposing bin 2 should be uniformly distributed at the bottom of the respective bins to ensure uniform oxygen supply and heat supply to the materials. As shown in fig. 4, taking the decomposing silo 2 as an example, the heating plates 10 may be installed one by one with a space for installing the aeration holes 32 left between the adjacent heating plates 10.
The operation of the integrated treatment facility is described further below as follows:
And 2, starting a biological drying process after the materials enter the drying bin 1. In the biological drying process, the stirring driving motor 18 drives the stirring shaft 19 to rotate, and the stirring rod 15, the first helical blade 16 and the second helical blade 17 drive the materials to rotate and mix uniformly. Meanwhile, when aeration ventilation is needed, air is pumped into the drying bin 1 through the air supply pipe 9 by the air supply pump 7 to supply oxygen to the materials. The microorganisms in the perishable garbage are continuously amplified in the process, and the microorganisms are utilized to degrade organic matters to generate heat, so that the temperature of the materials is increased.
And 3, after the materials in the drying bin 1 are dried to meet the requirements, the discharging door 11 is opened through the power device 6, and the materials enter the decomposing bin 2 through the discharging door 11 to be deeply decomposed under the rotating pushing of the stirring rod 15.
And 4, after all the dried materials enter the decomposition bin 2, piling newly transferred materials to be treated at the feeding end of the decomposition bin 2, and incompletely mixing the newly transferred materials to the materials in the decomposition bin 2 to start aerobic decomposition fermentation. In the aerobic decomposition fermentation process, air enters the decomposition bin 2 through the aeration hole 33 by the air supply pump 7 to supply oxygen to the materials, the exhaust pipe 12 continuously discharges the air in the decomposition bin 2 to ensure air draft dehumidification, and simultaneously all the materials to be treated are turned over intermittently. In each pile turning process, the inclination angle of the chain plate type pile turning mechanism 4 is adjusted through the adjusting mechanism to enable the chain plate type pile turning mechanism 4 to be obliquely inserted into the bottom of a material, then the chain plate type pile turning mechanism is driven by the axial driving mechanism to move forwards along the axial sliding rail 5 in an equal step length, transverse pile turning is stopped after moving one step length, the chain plate type pile turning mechanism 4 is driven by the transverse driving mechanism to move transversely along the transverse sliding rail 14 during transverse pile turning, the pile turning motor 24 drives the chain plate 26 to drive the turning and throwing plate 25 to rotate clockwise, the material at the bottom is conveyed obliquely upwards until the highest point is thrown onto the surface of a pile body. The chain plate type turning mechanism 4 moves axially and transversely to gradually move forwards from the discharge end to the feed end of the decomposing bin 2 continuously, and turns the materials of the cross section of each bin body backwards layer by layer in the moving process, so that the materials fed at different times are horizontally moved from the feed end to the discharge end under the condition of keeping the layering, and a feed space is reserved for new materials at the feed end while the old materials are discharged from the discharge end. After the chain plate type pile turning mechanism 4 finishes one axial movement from the discharging end to the feeding end, the inclination angle of the plane of the chain plate is changed again through the adjusting mechanism to enable the chain plate to be lifted and separated from the material pile body, and then the chain plate type pile turning mechanism can be reset to the discharging end again to wait for the next pile turning. Therefore, the materials in the decomposing bin 2 are aerated and moved in a layer-by-layer translational mode, so that air containing oxygen is uniformly mixed into the garbage, the microbial inoculum and the primary microorganisms of the easily-decomposed garbage are fully activated to quickly generate heat activity, and the microbial activity participating in material degradation and humus formation is excited, so that the garbage can be uniformly changed into decomposed organic fertilizer and finally discharged from a discharge hole.
The gas generated in the treatment process of the drying bin 1 and the decomposing bin 2 is uniformly collected and conveyed to external gas treatment equipment through an exhaust pipe 12, and the gas treatment equipment is used for gas treatment or resource utilization.
In addition, when the room temperature is lower than 5 ℃, auxiliary heating is needed, and the heater 8 and the heating plate 10 can be turned on to perform auxiliary heat preservation. However, it should be noted that the auxiliary heating is not intended to raise the temperature of the stack, but merely to avoid dissipation of the heat generated by the microorganisms themselves. Therefore, the temperature for auxiliary heating is not too high, and is generally controlled to be below 60 ℃.
With continued reference to fig. 1, the first material conveying mechanism 28 is disposed at the front end of the integrated treatment device, and a discharge port of the first material conveying mechanism 28 is connected to a feed port of the drying bin 1, and is used for conveying perishable waste to be treated to the drying bin 1. And the second material conveying mechanism 29 is arranged at the rear end of the integrated treatment equipment, a feed inlet of the second material conveying mechanism 29 is connected with a discharge outlet of the decomposing bin 2, and a discharge outlet of the second material conveying mechanism 29 is connected with a feed inlet of the vibrating screening machine and is used for conveying the decomposed materials output from the decomposing bin 2 to the vibrating screening machine. The vibrating screen machine is used for vibrating and screening the decomposed materials through the screen, so that the decomposed materials meet the particle size requirement of finished products, and meanwhile, the function of further removing impurities is achieved.
The specific form of the first material conveying mechanism 28 and the second material conveying mechanism 29 is not limited, and any device capable of conveying perishable waste materials can be adopted. In the present embodiment, the first material conveying mechanism 28 and the second material conveying mechanism 29 are screw conveyors.
Referring to fig. 6, taking the first material conveying mechanism 28 as an example, the screw conveyor includes a screw pipe 282, a screw blade 283 and a conveying drive motor 284. Wherein the spiral pipe 282 is obliquely arranged, and the conveying direction is from bottom to top, so that a material inlet 281 is arranged at the lower end of the spiral pipe 282, and a material outlet 285 is arranged at the upper section. The spiral blade 283 is coaxially disposed within the spiral pipe 282, and one end thereof is driven to rotate by the conveyance drive motor 284. The outer diameter of the spiral blade 283 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the spiral pipe 282, so that the spiral blade 283 is driven by the conveying driving motor 284 to rotate around the axis, so that the material can be conveyed from the material inlet 281 to the material outlet 285. The spiral conveying mechanism is particularly suitable for perishable garbage with high water content. Since such garbage is likely to generate precipitated liquid during the transportation in the inclined upward direction, a waste liquid discharge port should be provided at the bottom of the spiral pipe 282. The second material transfer mechanism 29 is substantially similar in structure to the first material transfer mechanism 28 and will not be described in detail.
Referring to fig. 7, the vibratory screening mechanism 30 in this embodiment includes a screen 301, a support spring 302, and a vibratory mechanism 303 built into a housing. The mesh number of the screen 301 is determined according to the requirement of the particle size of the final discharge, the screen 301 is arranged obliquely, and the bottom of the screen 301 is supported by a plurality of supporting springs 302 which are uniformly arranged. The vibrating mechanism 303 is configured to apply a vibrating force to the screen 301, and may be implemented by using an eccentric motor or other devices, where the vibrating force may be applied to the housing or the rack and then transmitted to the screen 301, so that the screen 301 vibrates up and down with high frequency under the elastic support of the supporting spring 302, and the material is screened. In order to smoothly discharge both oversize products and undersize products, the upper and lower spaces of the screen 301 are each provided with a discharge port in the housing, the upper part being an oversize product discharge port 304, and the lower part being an undersize product discharge port 305.
Based on the perishable waste treatment device shown in fig. 1 to 6, the invention also provides a biological drying and decay-promoting process using the added sterile agent of the perishable waste treatment device, which comprises the following steps:
s1, performing purification and impurity removal, crushing and dehydration on perishable garbage to be treated every day, and doping auxiliary materials to form a material to be treated. The type of the added auxiliary materials can be adjusted according to actual needs, and can be one or more of straws, corncobs, sawdust, bran coat or vinasse generally, and the adding amount is 10-15% of the total weight of the garbage.
S2, conveying all the materials to be processed obtained in the step S1 to the drying bin 1 through the first material conveying mechanism 28, and after the materials to be processed are fed into the drying bin 1, carrying out biological drying on the materials to be processed for 22-24 hours to obtain dried materials; the stirring device 3, the first air supply device and the first air exhaust and dehumidification device are periodically started in the biological drying process, so that the materials to be treated in the bin are subjected to full-mixing stirring, aeration and air exhaust and dehumidification in an intermittent manner; in each hour, the first air supply device and the first air exhaust and dehumidification device are firstly operated in a linkage mode for 10-20 minutes, meanwhile, the stirring device 3 is started to completely stir the materials for 8-10 minutes in the linkage operation period, the stirring device 3, the first air supply device and the first air exhaust and dehumidification device are not operated in the remaining time, and the materials are kept in a standing state.
And S3, after the biological drying process of the S2 is finished, opening the material moving channel, starting the stirring device 3 to transfer and accumulate the dried material in the drying bin 1 at the feed end of the decomposing bin 2 adopting a continuous feeding and discharging operation mode through the material moving channel, wherein the material newly transferred into the decomposing bin 2 is not mixed with the existing material in the decomposing bin 2, and the layering is kept in the axial direction of the bin body.
S4, after all the materials in the drying bin 1 are transferred to the decomposing bin 2, closing the material transferring channel, and continuing to perform aerobic decomposition fermentation on the materials to be treated in the decomposing bin 2; in the aerobic decomposition fermentation process, the second air exhaust and dehumidification device is started to exhaust air and dehumidify the air in the bin in the whole process, and the turning device and the second air supply device are started at regular time to turn and aerate all the materials to be treated in an intermittent manner, wherein the aeration frequency is 10-30 minutes/hour, and the turning frequency is 1-2 times/day; when the turning and throwing device is started each time, the chain plate type turning and throwing mechanism 4 is driven by the plane walking driving mechanism to move axially from the discharging end to the feeding end of the rotten bin 2 step by step, and materials on the cross section of the whole bin body at different axial positions are turned and thrown backwards layer by layer in the axial moving process, so that the materials in the rotten bin 2 move from the feeding end to the discharging end step by step in the axial direction and the layering between new and old materials is kept all the time; the retention time of the dried material in the decomposition bin 2 is kept for 5 to 8 days, and finally the decomposed material is output from a discharge hole of the decomposition bin 2.
And S5, conveying the decomposed materials output in the step S4 to the vibrating screening mechanism 30 through the second material conveying mechanism 29, and outputting decomposed organic fertilizers meeting the particle size requirement.
Through the biological drying and decomposition-promoting process shown in S1-S5, a microbial inoculum is not required to be added into the material to be treated in the treatment process, so that the cost can be greatly reduced. For the biological drying and decomposition-promoting process without adding microbial inoculum, two core process links need to be controlled:
one is that the biological drying process in the step S2 needs to perform full mixing stirring, aeration and air draft dehumidification on the materials to be treated in the bin intermittently. According to the method, the first air supply device, the first air exhaust and dehumidification device and the stirring device 3 can be operated in a linked mode in a short time, so that materials can fully obtain oxygen, an aerobic environment which is beneficial to microbial proliferation is kept, the operation time is short, aeration and air exhaust are still carried out for 40-50 min in one period (1 hour), and stirring is not carried out for 50-52 min, so that the self heat production of microbes can be kept as much as possible, and excessive loss is avoided. The retention of the heat generated by the microorganisms themselves will greatly increase the rate of amplification of the microorganisms relative to an external heat source. It was tested that the amount of microorganisms was about 10 for the case of heater 8 and hot plate 10 not activated at room temperature (20 ℃ C.) 5 After CFU/g of original perishable garbage with the water content of 70.52-75.23% and corncob auxiliary materials accounting for 10% of the total weight of the garbage are added, the method of intermittently carrying out full-mixing stirring, aeration, air draft and dehumidification in the step S2 can quickly expand the microbial biomass to 10 7 CFU/g, and the temperature of the materials is always kept above 50 ℃, so that sufficient microbial biomass and fermentation temperature are provided for subsequent aerobic maturity fermentation. And CN110981559A continuously performs blast aeration and air draft dehumidificationBy contrast, under the same material and environment, the material temperature of the comparative method cannot rise and is maintained at about 25-28 ℃, and the microbial biomass of the material after the final drying is not higher than 10 6 CFU/g, water content is basically equivalent to that of the invention. Therefore, the intermittently started drying process is more suitable for the composting process of perishable garbage.
And the other is a stack aerobic fermentation process adopting layered turning and translation in the decomposing bin in S3. The method adopts continuous aeration to remove moisture as much as possible, and adopts intermittent aeration and layered turning to promote the acquisition of oxygen for the material and keep the self-heating of microorganisms as much as possible. Therefore, under the condition of ensuring the requirement of the microorganism on oxygen, the heat dissipation of the stack body per se is reduced as much as possible. Therefore, the invention can further increase the temperature and the microbial biomass of the compost in the aerobic decomposition fermentation stage. Meanwhile, the chain plate type turning mechanism 4 is adopted to realize the layered turning translation of the stack body, the method can ensure that the retention time of 5-8 days can be fully realized during feeding every day, and new and old materials cannot be mixed greatly. In general, under the S3 making method, the temperature of the material in the decomposing bin is kept above 55 ℃ in the whole process, the water content of the final discharged material can be reduced to 18.93-22.77%, and the germination index of the plant seeds is 91.58-112.08%. The method for fully mixing the materials in the decomposition bin can cause the mixing of new and old materials, and the full decomposition fermentation cannot be carried out, so the germination index of the plant seeds is obviously lower than that of the invention.
In conclusion, the invention can fully realize the linkage effect of 'ventilation aeration-mechanical stirring-heat energy utilization-moisture removal-material decomposition' through the integrated equipment, realize the rapid dehydration and decomposition of perishable garbage by regulating and controlling the optimal growth and metabolism conditions of aerobic microorganisms, and solve the problems of large occupied area, easy odor generation, long material dehydration and fertilizer forming period, poor fertilizer effect and the like in the process of fertilizing perishable garbage.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions belonging to the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and embellishments within the scope of the invention may occur to those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and are considered to be within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A perishable garbage treatment device for biological drying and decomposition promotion is characterized by comprising an integrated treatment device, a first material conveying mechanism (28), a second material conveying mechanism (29) and a vibration screening mechanism (30);
the internal bin body of the integrated treatment equipment is divided into a drying bin (1) and a decomposing bin (2), and both bin bodies are provided with heat insulation structures; the drying bin (1) and the decomposing bin (2) both comprise a feeding hole and a discharging hole, and the discharging hole of the drying bin (1) is connected with the feeding hole of the decomposing bin (2) through a material moving bin channel which can be controlled to be opened and closed; a stirring device (3) for fully mixing and stirring the materials in the drying bin (1), a first gas supply device for aerating and supplying oxygen to the materials in the drying bin and a first gas extraction and dehumidification device for exhausting gas in the drying bin are arranged in the drying bin; a turning device for turning and throwing the materials in the bin, a second gas supply device for aerating and supplying oxygen to the materials in the bin and a second gas extraction and dehumidification device for discharging gas in the bin are arranged in the decomposition bin (2); the turning and throwing device comprises a plane walking driving mechanism, an adjusting mechanism and a chain plate type turning and piling mechanism (4); the chain plate type turning mechanism (4) is arranged on the plane traveling driving mechanism and is driven by the plane traveling driving mechanism to move in a stacking plane of the decomposing bin (2), and the chain plate type turning mechanism (4) can obliquely extend into materials in the bin and turn and throw the materials at the position to one side close to the discharging end; the adjusting mechanism is used for adjusting the depth of the chain plate type pile turning mechanism (4) extending into the materials in the bin, and the adjusting range of the adjusting mechanism enables the chain plate type pile turning mechanism (4) to be completely separated from the materials in the bin;
the first material conveying mechanism (28) is arranged at the front end of the integrated treatment equipment, and a discharge hole of the first material conveying mechanism (28) is connected with a feed hole of the drying bin (1) and is used for conveying perishable garbage to be treated into the drying bin (1);
the second material conveying mechanism (29) is arranged at the rear end of the integrated treatment equipment, a feed inlet of the second material conveying mechanism (29) is connected with a discharge outlet of the decomposing bin (2), a discharge outlet of the second material conveying mechanism (29) is connected with a feed inlet of the vibrating screening mechanism (30), and the second material conveying mechanism is used for conveying the decomposed materials output from the decomposing bin (2) to the vibrating screening mechanism (30);
the vibrating screening mechanism (30) is used for vibrating screening the decomposed materials through a screen.
2. A biologically-dried decomposition-promoting perishable garbage treatment device according to claim 1, wherein the stirring device (3) comprises a stirring blade, a stirring driving motor (18) and a stirring shaft (19), the stirring blade is mounted on the stirring shaft (19) and driven by the stirring shaft (19) to rotate synchronously, and the end part of the stirring shaft (19) is connected with the output shaft of the stirring driving motor (18); and the stirring blades comprise a first spiral blade (16), a second spiral blade (17) and a stirring rod (15), wherein the first spiral blade (16) and the second spiral blade (17) are respectively and symmetrically arranged at two sides of the stirring shaft (19), and the stirring rod (15) is arranged on the stirring shaft (19) between the first spiral blade (16) and the second spiral blade (17).
3. A perishable waste treatment device with biological drying and decomposition promoting functions as set forth in claim 1, wherein the first air supply device and the second air supply device adopt the same air supply system, and comprise an air supply pump (7) and an air supply pipe (9) which are connected, wherein the end of the air supply pipe (9) is divided into a plurality of air supply branches which are respectively connected with different aeration holes (32) at the bottom of the drying bin (1) and the decomposition bin (2); preferably, the air supply pipe (9) is provided with a heater (8) for heating air; preferably, heating plates (10) are arranged on the outer surfaces of the drying bin (1) and the decomposing bin (2).
4. A perishable waste treatment device with biological drying and decomposition promoting functions as in claim 1, wherein the first air exhaust and dehumidification device and the second air exhaust and dehumidification device adopt the same set of air exhaust system, and comprise an exhaust pipe (12) and an air exhaust device which are connected, wherein the front end of the exhaust pipe (12) is divided into a plurality of exhaust branches which are respectively connected with different exhaust holes at the tops of the drying bin (1) and the decomposition bin (2).
5. A biologically-dried, accelerated-decomposition perishable waste management device according to claim 1, wherein said planar traveling drive comprises an axial slide (5), a transverse slide (14), an axial drive, and a transverse drive; two axial slide rails (5) are arranged on the upper parts of the side walls of the two sides of the decomposing bin (2) in parallel; two ends of the transverse sliding rail (14) are respectively erected on the two axial sliding rails (5) and driven by the axial driving mechanism to move along the two axial sliding rails (5); the chain plate type turning mechanism (4) is hung on the transverse sliding rail (14) through a mounting frame (13), and is driven by the transverse driving mechanism to move along the transverse sliding rail (14).
6. A perishable waste management device with bio-desiccation and accelerated decomposition according to claim 1, wherein the chain plate type turning mechanism (4) comprises a chain plate (26) driven by two mounting rollers (27) and a plurality of turning and throwing plates (25) distributed on the plane of the chain plate (26), the mounting rollers (27) are driven by the turning and throwing driving mechanism to rotate and drive the turning and throwing plates (25) on the chain plate to carry the materials to the highest point for turning and throwing.
7. A biologically-dried and decomposition-promoting perishable waste management device as set forth in claim 1 wherein said adjustment mechanism is a tumble drive mechanism, said chain plate type turning mechanism (4) being integrally hinged to said mounting frame (13) and being driven by said tumble drive mechanism to rotate integrally about said center of rotation to vary the angle of inclination of its chain plate plane and the depth of material extending into said chamber.
8. A bio-drying accelerated-decomposition perishable waste management device according to claim 1, wherein the first material conveying mechanism (28) and the second material conveying mechanism (29) each employ a screw conveyor comprising a spiral pipe (282), a spiral blade (283) and a conveying drive motor (284); the spiral pipe (282) is obliquely arranged, the lower end of the spiral pipe (282) is provided with a material inlet (281), and the upper section of the spiral pipe is provided with a material outlet (285); the spiral blade (283) is coaxially arranged in the spiral pipe (282), and one end of the spiral blade is driven by the conveying driving motor (284) to rotate, so that the materials are conveyed from the material inlet (281) to the material outlet (285).
9. A bio-desiccating accelerated spoilage waste management apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said vibratory screening mechanism (30) includes a screen (301), a support spring (302), and a vibration mechanism (303) disposed within the enclosure; the screen (301) is obliquely arranged, the bottom of the screen is supported by a plurality of supporting springs (302), the vibration mechanism (303) is used for applying vibration force to the screen (301), and the upper space and the lower space of the screen (301) are respectively provided with a discharge hole on the shell.
10. A biological drying and decay-promoting process for treating perishable waste by using the perishable waste treatment device of any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
s1, performing purification and impurity removal, crushing and dehydration on perishable garbage to be treated every day, and doping auxiliary materials to form a material to be treated;
s2, conveying all the materials to be processed obtained in the step S1 to the drying bin (1) through the first material conveying mechanism (28), and after the drying bin (1) finishes feeding, performing biological drying on the materials to be processed for 22-24 hours to obtain dried materials; the stirring device (3), the first air supply device and the first air exhaust and dehumidification device are periodically started in the biological drying process, so that the materials to be treated in the bin are subjected to full-mixing stirring, aeration and air exhaust and dehumidification in an intermittent manner; in each hour, the first air supply device and the first air exhaust and dehumidification device are linked to operate for 10-20 minutes, meanwhile, the stirring device (3) is started to fully mix and stir the materials for 8-10 minutes in the linked operation period, the stirring device (3), the first air supply device and the first air exhaust and dehumidification device do not operate in the rest time, and the materials are kept in a standing state;
s3, after the biological drying process of the S2 is finished, opening the material moving channel, starting the stirring device (3) to transfer and accumulate the dried material in the drying bin (1) at the feed end of the decomposing bin (2) adopting a continuous feeding and discharging operation mode through the material moving channel, wherein the material newly transferred into the decomposing bin (2) is not mixed with the existing material in the decomposing bin (2), and the layering is kept in the axial direction of the bin body;
s4, after all the materials in the drying bin (1) are transferred to the decomposing bin (2), closing the material transferring channel, and continuing to perform aerobic decomposition fermentation on the materials to be treated in the decomposing bin (2); in the aerobic decomposition fermentation process, the second air exhaust and dehumidification device is started to exhaust air and dehumidify the air in the bin in the whole process, and the turning device and the second air supply device are started at regular time to turn and aerate all the materials to be treated in an intermittent manner, wherein the aeration frequency is 10-30 minutes/hour, and the turning frequency is 1-2 times/day; when the turning and throwing device is started every time, the chain plate type turning and throwing mechanism (4) is driven by the plane walking driving mechanism to move axially from the discharging end to the feeding end of the decomposing bin (2) step by step, and materials of the cross section of the whole bin body at different axial positions are turned and thrown backwards layer by layer in the axial moving process, so that the materials in the decomposing bin (2) move from the feeding end to the discharging end step by step along the axial direction and the layering between new and old materials is always kept; the retention time of the dried material in the decomposition bin (2) is kept for 5 to 8 days, and finally the decomposed material is output from a discharge hole of the decomposition bin (2);
and S5, conveying the decomposed materials output in the S4 to the vibrating screening mechanism (30) through the second material conveying mechanism (29), and outputting decomposed organic fertilizers meeting the particle size requirements.
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| CN2021115208515 | 2021-12-13 | ||
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| CN116903402A (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-10-20 | 山东木木生物科技集团有限公司 | Chain plate type compost turning machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116903402A (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-10-20 | 山东木木生物科技集团有限公司 | Chain plate type compost turning machine |
| CN116903402B (en) * | 2023-09-08 | 2023-12-05 | 山东木木生物科技集团有限公司 | Chain plate type compost turning machine |
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