KR100744790B1 - a organic wastes fermentation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an organic waste fermentation apparatus for fermenting and recycling organic wastes such as food waste, and the conventional food waste fermentation apparatus is cumbersome to inject food waste that has been subjected to a pretreatment step, and supplies and exhausts into the fermenter. The fermentation efficiency is not good because it is not made smoothly, there was a problem such that it is difficult to withdraw the fermented food waste compost from the fermentation tank, the input screw 20 and the dispersion loading machine (30) on the top of the fermentation tank (10) ), A plurality of horizontal air supply, exhaust pipes 40, 50 and a plurality of vertical air supply, exhaust pipes 60, 70 are installed in the fermentation tank 10, and in the lower part of the fermentation tank 10 The transfer screw 80 is installed to move freely in the front and rear direction at the same time, characterized in that the discharge screw 90 is installed on one side of the lower end of the fermentation tank (10) According to the name, the food waste pretreated by the input screw 20 and the dispersing device 30 can be easily introduced into the fermentation tank 10 to be evenly distributed and loaded, and a plurality of horizontal air supply and exhaust pipes 40 and 50 are provided. And a plurality of vertical air supply and exhaust pipes (60) and (70) to control the oxygen supply and carbon dioxide emission for each fermentation step to shorten the fermentation period as well as to significantly improve the fermentation efficiency. In addition, the fermentation complete food waste compost located in the lower portion of the fermentation tank 10 can be easily withdrawn through the transfer screw 80 and the discharge screw (90).

Organic waste, fermenter, supply pipe, exhaust pipe, transfer screw, exhaust screw

Description

Organic wastes fermentation apparatus

1 is a partial cutaway front view of one embodiment of the present invention

2 is a front view of main parts of the embodiment;

3 is a partially cutaway plan view of the embodiment

4 is a partial cutaway side view of the embodiment

Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the vertical air supply and intake pipe of the embodiment;

Figure 6 is a graph showing the fermentation stage of the fermentation apparatus according to the present invention

<Explanation of Signs of Major Parts of Drawings>

10 fermenter 11: inlet

12: cover duct 13: sight window

20: injection screw 30: dispersion loading machine

31: drive motor 32: rotary dispersion wing

40: horizontal air supply pipe 41: air supply connection pipe

50: horizontal exhaust pipe 51: exhaust connection pipe

60: vertical air supply pipe 61: air supply hole

70: vertical exhaust pipe 71: exhaust hole

80: feed screw 81: outer shaft

81a: Feeding wing 82: Internal shaft

83: support frame 84, 85: drive motor

86: pinion 87: fixed rack

88: roller 89: guide rail

90: discharge screw 91: discharge duct

The present invention relates to an organic waste fermentation apparatus for fermenting and recycling organic waste such as food waste, and more particularly, to easily input pretreated organic waste into a fermentation tank, and to easily compost organic waste compost. It is about making it withdrawable.

In general, food waste, which is mostly organic, causes landfill to be a kind of chemical reaction site when it is landfilled, and not only emits leachate with high pollutant concentration, but also generates landfill gas contaminated with odor and harmful substances. It causes the problem of secondary pollution.

Therefore, it is extremely desirable to reduce or recycle food waste, so that the food waste treatment apparatus for reducing and recycling food waste can be broken down finely and dried to reduce volume and weight. It can be roughly classified into a fermentation device that promotes composting by fermenting edible plant waste from a pulverized drying device to a suitable temperature, humidity, and oxygen supply, and a quenching device that decomposes and destroys food waste through microorganisms.

In particular, the present invention relates to a fermentation apparatus that enables food waste to be recycled as compost. In general, the best thing to expect from food waste composting process is to maintain an ideal fermentation environment so that biological degradation is maintained at maximum efficiency. The ideal fermentation environment means that the food, moisture, temperature, and oxygen are properly controlled to allow the microorganism to grow actively.

The aerobic composting process consists of three phases: an organic waste and a solid phase containing microorganisms, a liquid phase containing water, and a gas phase containing oxygen.

The microorganisms responsible for the composting reaction are actively metabolized when food (organic matter), moisture and oxygen are at appropriate levels, and the microorganism itself, carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), water (H ₂ O), intermediate products and energy of small molecules. The energy generated in this process raises the temperature of the compost, which causes the growth and decomposition of microorganisms to continue on its own, and at the same time leads to the evaporation of water and the death of pathogenic microorganisms.

After completion of the reaction, well-aged compost is a stable low-molecular-weight substance, and most of the pathogenic microorganisms are killed, resulting in a clean substance that does not cause odor or rapid decomposition.

The most important factors affecting the composting process through fermentation include temperature, oxygen concentration or carbon dioxide concentration and moisture content.

The main characteristic of the composting process is the rise of the material temperature, which speeds up the reaction rate, which can remove insect eggs and pathogenic microorganisms from the raw materials, and the fermentation temperature is also judged by the fermentation temperature. can do.

However, if the fermentation temperature is too high, the fermentation rate is lowered beyond the optimum growth temperature of the fermentation microorganism. If the fermentation temperature is increased, it is thought that the activity of the microorganism becomes active and the reaction is good. This is because the fermentation rate is slow in the high temperature region. Thus, the fermentation temperature has an upper limit and the optimum range is 55-60 ° C.

The higher the oxygen concentration in the air, the faster the fermentation rate, but the fermentation is proceeding smoothly is that it consumes a lot of oxygen, so the oxygen concentration is low.

If the air supply is increased to increase the oxygen concentration, the temperature of the material is cooled. Therefore, the oxygen concentration has a suitable range, and it is preferable to control the 10% concentration to the lower limit.

The most important factor in the composting process is water content.

Because microorganisms require water for activity, microorganisms cannot grow on materials that are dry below the limit, and substantially no reaction occurs at water content below about 15%.

Up to 50 ~ 60% of the water content, the fermentation rate increases in proportion to the amount of water, but too much water makes it difficult for air to pass through the material, so the oxygen supply is restricted and the fermentation rate becomes slow.

If the excess of water is small, the water can be evaporated by the air supply to reach the optimum amount of water, and the area where the swelling agent is effective for making the air flow is also this water content area.

When the water evaporates, the heat of vaporization is taken away. If the amount of moisture is high and the organic matter is low, the evaporated water is increased while the organic matter which is a fuel is insufficient. As a result, the fermentation temperature is difficult to rise, so that the fermentation rate is slowed and the water content of the product is slow. Becomes high.

The fermentation apparatus according to the present invention is a high-speed fermentation system for producing compost through a powerful fermentation process over a period of time (for example, 15 days) of food waste prepared by fermentation conditions by dehydration and mixing in a pretreatment step.

In the fermentation apparatus according to the present invention, the aeration system in the fermentation tank in which food waste is fed and fermented is automatically controlled by the carbon dioxide production and the temperature measurement of the compost material.

In other words, by measuring the concentration of carbon dioxide gas generated during the fermentation of the compost material to calculate the required oxygen concentration, determine the air supply amount and blowing, and stop the supply operation so as not to cool the material by measuring the temperature of the compost material In addition, the automatic control of each step by the repetitive action of this process enables the production of well-aged and stable compost in a short time.

6 is a graph showing a fermentation stage of the fermentation apparatus according to the present invention, as shown in Figure 6 fermentation process of the fermentation apparatus according to the present invention takes about one day as a temperature rising step for the fermentation process 1 step; Two stages of strong fermentation are carried out while maintaining a temperature of 40 ~ 50 ℃; Fermentation proceeds continuously and the temperature rises around 60 ° C. to kill pathogens; Proceed to step 4, which stabilizes the compost to cool the material and remove moisture.

By the way, in the conventional food waste fermentation device is a cumbersome work to put the food waste through the pre-treatment step, the supply and exhaust is not made smoothly inside the fermentation tank is not good fermentation efficiency, and the fermentation of completed food waste composted from the fermentation tank There was a problem such as becoming difficult to do.

The present invention has been made in view of the conventional situation as described above, and its purpose is to facilitate the introduction of organic waste that has undergone a pretreatment step, and to improve the fermentation efficiency by smoothly supplying and evacuating the inside of the fermenter. In addition, the present invention is to provide an organic waste fermentation apparatus that enables the withdrawal of the fermented organic waste compost from the fermenter.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an input screw and a dispersing machine in the upper part of the fermentation tank to easily and evenly input pretreated food waste, and a plurality of horizontal air supply, exhaust pipes and a plurality of inside the fermentation tank. By installing vertical air supply and exhaust pipe, it is possible to smoothly control the oxygen supply and carbon dioxide discharge inside the fermentation tank.The transfer screw is installed in the lower part of the fermentation tank freely to move forward and backward, and the discharge screw is installed at the bottom side of the fermentation tank. It is characterized in that the fermentation is completed, it is possible to easily withdraw the food waste compost, and in more detail based on the accompanying technical details as follows.

That is, FIG. 1 shows a partial cutaway front view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 shows a principal front view of the same embodiment, FIG. 3 shows a partial cutaway top view of the embodiment, and FIG. In some embodiments of the present invention, a side view of the ablation bar is shown. In the present invention, in the construction of a food waste fermentation apparatus which enables composting of food waste that has undergone pretreatment in a fermentation tank,

A rectangular fermentation tank 10 having an inlet 11 provided at a center of an upper end thereof, and a conveying screw cover duct 12 provided at both lower sides thereof;

An inlet screw 20 installed at an upper portion of the inlet 11 of the fermenter 10 to inject food waste into the fermenter 10;

The drive motor 31 is installed on the upper side of the fermentation tank 10 and the rotary dispersing blade 32 is installed on the inner upper side of the fermentation tank 10, the input screw 20 of the fermentation tank 10 of the Dispersion stacker 30 to evenly distribute the food waste introduced into the load;

It is connected to the air supply connection pipe 41 and the exhaust connection pipe 51 from the outside of the fermentation tank 10, respectively, and horizontally with a plurality of horizontal air supply pipe 40 installed in the front and rear direction on the inside of the fermentation tank 10 Exhaust pipe 50;

A plurality of vertical installed at the lower end of each horizontal air supply pipe 40 and the lower end of each horizontal exhaust pipe 50 and provided with a plurality of air supply holes 61 or a plurality of exhaust holes 71 in the vertical direction on the outer circumference. An air supply pipe 60 and a vertical exhaust pipe 70;

Transfer screw 80 to be transported in the front and rear direction freely installed in the inner lower portion of the fermentation tank 10 to transfer the fermented food waste compost of the lower side of the fermentation tank 10 to the other lower portion inside the fermentation tank 10;

It is fixedly installed on the inner upper end of the discharge duct 91 provided on the other side of the lower end of the fermentation tank 10, the fermented food waste compost transferred to the inner upper end of the discharge duct 91 by the transfer screw 80 to the outside It is to be provided with; a discharge screw (90) to be discharged.

In the illustrated embodiment, the fermentation tank 10 has a narrow trapezoidal distance between the upper portions of both sides and a wider distance between the lower portions of the fermenter 10 so that the fermented food waste compost in the lower portion of the fermenter 10 is discharged. The food waste in the fermentation in the upper portion has a form so as to smoothly fall, and the fermentation state of the food waste proceeding in the fermentation tank 10 inside the front center portion and the front lower portion of the fermentation tank 10 outside the fermentation tank 10. It has a form provided with a see-through window 13 to check.

In addition, the illustrated embodiment transfers the transfer screw 80 in the front and rear direction so that the transfer screw 80 to the outer peripheral surface so as to sequentially discharge all of the fermented food waste compost in the lower part of the fermentation tank (10) (81a) Drive motors 84 and 85 supported by the support frame 83 installed in the upper portion of the inner side of the outer cover 81 is provided in the form of the inner shaft 82 is provided. Fixed racks connected to the outer shaft 81 and the inner shaft 82, respectively, and having pinions 86 provided at both ends of the inner shaft 82, and connected to the respective pinions 86 at the inner lower portion of both cover ducts 12; 87) and a roller 88 is installed at the lower end of the support frame 83 for supporting both drive motors 84 and 85, and a guide rail at the lower end of the cover duct 12 on one side. It has the form which provided 89.

Reference numeral 100 is a conveyor.
The fermenter 10 is loaded with food waste every day, and the layered layer is loaded. The fermentation process is gradually carried out in a state in which about 10 days of contents are loaded and discharged. It is discharged.
5 shows a vertical air supply and exhaust pipe of the present invention.
The air supply and exhaust pipes 60 and 70 vertically installed inside the fermentation tank 10 are supplied for evenly supplying oxygen necessary for fermentation to the contents and to discharge carbon dioxide generated by fermentation. Each of the air supply and exhaust pipes 60 and 70 is provided with a plurality of air supply and exhaust holes 61 and 71 for exhaust.
Since the stacked contents need to supply and regulate the amount of oxygen necessary for the fermentation step by step from the upper layer to the lower layer, the air supply, the multiple air supply formed in the exhaust pipes 60 and 70, and the exhaust holes 61 and 71 are not constant. It is formed to have a step difference gradually increasing the number of holes as it goes down, and is configured to be controlled by increasing the air supply toward the lower layer rather than the upper layer.
In other words, the number of air supply and exhaust holes 61 and 71 is reduced, and the gaps between the holes are increased, and the number of holes is gradually increased and the gap is narrowed downward so that the upper layer of the content does not have excessive supply of oxygen. The amount of oxygen supplied is increased so that the amount of supply and exhaust of air necessary for the fermentation process is made, and the outside of each supply hole 61 and the exhaust hole 71 is not blocked by food waste during fermentation. It is preferable to install the protective caps 62 and 72 around the periphery.

In the food waste fermentation apparatus of the present invention configured as described above, the food waste subjected to the pretreatment step is introduced through the input screw 20 installed above the fermentation tank inlet 11, and the food waste introduced from the fermentation tank 10 is dispersed. It is evenly distributed in all directions through the rotary dispersion blades 32 of the stacker 30 and loaded on the first introduced contents.

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In the present invention, the food waste put into the fermentation tank 10 is sequentially fermented according to the order of input, and the air supply hole 61 and the exhaust hole 71 are installed in the fermentation tank 10 and corresponding to each fermentation step. Through the formed vertical air supply pipe 60 and the vertical exhaust pipe 70 to control the amount of oxygen and carbon dioxide for each fermentation step it is possible to greatly improve the fermentation efficiency.

On the other hand, when the food waste in the lower part of the fermentation tank 10 after fermentation is completed after a certain period of time from the input date, the discharge duct of the fermented food waste compost which is moved to the front and rear direction inside the fermentation tank 10 at the bottom of the fermentation tank 10 ( It is possible to easily withdraw the food waste compost through the discharge screw 90 for discharging the food waste compost transferred to the transfer screw 80 and the discharge duct 91 to the side to the 91).

As described above, the present invention installs the input screw 20 and the dispersing device 30 in the upper portion of the fermentation tank 10, a plurality of horizontal air supply, exhaust pipes 40, 50 and a plurality of fermentors 10 inside Vertical air supply of the exhaust pipe 60, 70 is installed, the transfer screw 80 in the inner lower portion of the fermentation tank 10 in the forward and backward direction freely installed at the same time discharge screw ( 90), and according to the present invention, organic waste such as pretreated food waste through the input screw 20 and the dispersing device 30 can be easily added to the fermentation tank 10, and evenly distributed and loaded. Horizontal supply of air, exhaust pipe (40) 50 and a plurality of vertical air supply, through the exhaust pipe (60, 70) to control the oxygen supply and carbon dioxide emissions in accordance with each fermentation step can shorten the fermentation period Of course, the fermentation efficiency can be greatly improved. And, it is possible to easily withdraw the organic waste compost is completed fermentation located in the lower portion of the fermentation tank 10 through the transfer screw 80 and the discharge screw (90).

Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain the effect of greatly reducing the manpower and costs required during the organic waste composting process through fermentation.

Claims (6)

A rectangular fermentation tank 10 having an inlet 11 provided at a center of an upper end thereof, and a conveying screw cover duct 12 provided at both lower sides thereof; An inlet screw 20 installed at an upper portion of the inlet 11 of the fermenter 10 to inject organic waste such as food waste into the fermenter 10; The drive motor 31 is installed on the upper side of the fermentation tank 10 and the rotary dispersing blade 32 is installed on the inner upper side of the fermentation tank 10, the input screw 20 of the fermentation tank 10 of the Dispersion stacker 30 to evenly distribute the contents introduced into the loading; It is connected to the air supply connection pipe 41 and the exhaust connection pipe 51 from the outside of the fermentation tank 10, respectively, and horizontally with a plurality of horizontal air supply pipe 40 installed in the front and rear direction on the inside of the fermentation tank 10 Exhaust pipe 50; A plurality of vertical air supply is provided at the lower end of each horizontal air supply pipe 40 and the lower end of each horizontal exhaust pipe 50 and provided with a plurality of air supply holes 61 or a plurality of exhaust holes 71 in the vertical direction on the outer circumference. Pipe 60 and vertical exhaust pipe 70; Transfer screw 80 to be transported in the front and rear direction freely installed in the inner lower portion of the fermentation tank 10 to transfer the fermented organic waste compost of the lower side of the fermentation tank 10 to the other lower portion inside the fermentation tank 10; Organic waste, such as fermented food waste, which is fixedly installed on the upper end of the discharge duct 91 provided on the other side of the lower end of the fermentation tank 10 and transferred to the inner upper end of the discharge duct 91 by the transfer screw 80. Organic waste fermentation apparatus comprising a; discharge screw (90) to discharge the compost to the outside. The method of claim 1, wherein the fermenter 10 is formed in a trapezoid having a narrow distance between the upper portions of both sides and a wide distance between the lower portions of the fermenter 10 to discharge organic waste compost such as fermented food waste in the lower portion of the fermenter 10. The organic waste fermentation apparatus, characterized in that the contents of the fermentation in progress fermentation tank 10 to fall smoothly. According to claim 1, wherein the viewing window 13 to check the fermentation state of the organic waste, such as food waste proceeding in the fermentation tank 10 inside the front center and lower portion of the fermentation tank 10 from the outside of the fermentation tank 10. Organic waste fermentation apparatus, characterized in that provided. The method of claim 1, wherein the transfer screw 80 is configured in the form of the inner shaft 82 in the interior of the outer shaft 81, which is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the transfer blade 81a, on the inner upper portion of the one side cover duct 12 Drive motors 84 and 85 supported by the support frame 83 to be installed are connected to the outer shaft 81 and the inner shaft 82, respectively, and both pins 86 are installed at both ends of the inner shaft 82, and both covers A fixed rack 87 connected to each pinion 86 is installed at an inner lower portion of the duct 12, and a roller 88 is attached to a lower end of the support frame 83 supporting both drive motors 84 and 85. Organic waste fermentation apparatus, characterized in that the guide rail (89) is installed at the bottom of one side cover duct at the same time to install. The structure of claim 1, wherein the vertical air supply, the plurality of air supply holes formed in the exhaust pipes 60 and 70, and the exhaust holes 61 and 71 gradually increase the number of holes downward and then increase the number of holes in the final stage. Organic waste fermentation apparatus, characterized in that to form the supply and exhaust as necessary for each fermentation progress date. The organic waste according to claim 5, wherein protective caps (62) (72) are provided around the outside of each air supply and exhaust holes (61) (71) so as not to be blocked by organic waste such as food waste during fermentation. Fermentation device.

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