JPH07241540A - Fermentation treatment apparatus for organic material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently perform fermentation treatment with an increase in the number of times of turning-over by constituting a scoop device so as to make the inclination direction and rotary direction thereof alterable corresponding to the moving direction of a turning-over device. CONSTITUTION:When a scoop turning-over device 20 reaches the B-position of the rear end of a fermentation treatment apparatus, a scoop device is rotated clockwise to be set to an almost horizontal state and the scoop turning-over device 20 is moved to the position of a standby place A. Subsequently, the scoop device is rotated counterclockwise to be set to an almost horizontal state and the scoop turning-over device 20 is moved to the position of the rear end B. Next, the scoop device is rotated clockwise and the lower part of the scoop device is positioned on a forward side to stop the scoop device in a state inclined at a predetermined angle. Thereafter, the scoop turning-over device 20 is advanced while an endless belt is rotated in an opposite direction. By this constitution, an org. material present at a forward position is transferred rearwardly while stirred and mixed.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

[Field of Industrial Application] The present invention aerobically ferments organic matter of waste such as municipal solid waste, livestock manure, agriculture, forestry and fisheries industry and food processing industry waste, sludge, etc., and effectively uses it for volume reduction. The present invention relates to a fermentation treatment device for organic materials, which is made easy to dispose of.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, so-called vertical multistage fermenters, horizontal scoop fermenters and the like have been put into practical use as devices for fermenting organic materials such as wastes to form compost. The vertical multi-stage fermenter described above is a system in which partition plates are arranged in multiple stages and raw materials are sequentially dropped to the lower stage in order to increase the processing capacity per installation area. The one in which the vertical axis is arranged in the center as a drive shaft, and the agitating unit is connected to this drive shaft at each stage to transfer the organic material at each stage while agitating (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-
No. 40117, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-23357). The horizontal scoop fermenter has a self-propelled scoop-type turning device arranged in a horizontal linear fermentation layer.The scoop device provided in the turning device connects a large number of scoops on an endless track. It is made to be rotatable. This scoop device is placed in the fermentation layer with the upper part in the forward direction (with respect to the transfer direction) and the lower part in the rearward direction, and the scoop with the serrated tip is rotated on an endless track. The material is transferred to the front while being agitated (for example, Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 1-16753).

[0003]

The above-mentioned vertical multi-stage fermenter has a large processing capacity, and has an advantage that the processing capacity per installation area can be increased several times as compared with the horizontal scoop type fermenter. By the way, in this vertical fermentation layer, the mass of the organic material is destroyed by the impact of falling from the upper stage to the lower stage, but this impact force is not so large, and the organic material with the large mass remains in the massive state. Then it reaches the bottom and is discharged. Since the lumpy material is difficult to ferment and the core remains immature, the discharge contains a large amount of immature compost, which has the drawback of impairing the homogeneity of the compost. The retention period of the organic material in these vertical multi-stage fermenters is usually 7 to 10 days, but the discharged product is in an unfermented state in which it has not reached the primary fermentation (fermentation progress rate of about 40%). is there. Furthermore, since the stirring type vertical multi-stage fermenter stirs and transfers the entire tank with the central drive shaft,
Once a system failure occurs, it is necessary to stop the operation of the entire device and perform repairs and inspections.This affects not only the failed part but also the entire device, causing anaerobic fermentation in a wide range and causing malodorous substances. However, there is a problem that the risk of pollution is increased and the load on the deodorizing device is increased as a countermeasure. On the other hand, the horizontal scoop type fermenter is disadvantageous in terms of processing capacity, but when the organic material is stirred and transferred by the scoop, the organic material is scraped off by the saw blade at the tip of the scoop, so clumps are easy. It has the advantage that it breaks down into fine particles. Moreover, the scoop-type turning device can be easily repaired and replaced, and even if a failure occurs in the turning device, the influence on the entire device can be minimized.

By the way, in aerobic fermentation, contact with the atmosphere is indispensable, and if the above-mentioned turning back is frequently performed, the organic material may come into active contact with the atmosphere and the fermentation efficiency may be improved. However, not only in the vertical multi-stage fermenter described above, but also in the horizontal scoop fermenter, the mixing, stirring, and transfer of the organic material is performed only in one direction, and the organic material gradually advances along with turning back. Therefore, if the material is cut back frequently, the organic material will be discharged from the fermenter at an early stage while still immature. Therefore, there is a limit to the number of turns that can be made in the fermenter. This cutback is 1
If it is carried out once or twice a day, the organic material will stay in the tank for 5 to 10 days in a fermentation layer having a normal length.

However, it is the actual situation that the fermentation in the aerobic fermenter is not sufficiently performed with the number of times of turning back and the retention period as described above. Therefore, the number of times of switching back is once every two days or one
By reducing the amount to about once a day and allowing it to remain in the fermenter for about 20 days, sufficient primary fermentation is finally achieved.
However, it is economically disadvantageous to increase the number of residence days, and there is a demand for the development of a fermentation apparatus capable of efficiently fermenting with fewer days. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide an organic material fermentation treatment apparatus capable of increasing the number of cuts and performing fermentation treatment efficiently.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above problems, the present invention provides a long fermenter for fermenting an organic material while transferring it forward, and a scoop for stirring and transferring the organic material by rotation. A scoop device having the scoop, and the upper part is inclined so that the upper part is located on the front side and the lower part is located on the rear side, and the scoop device is provided, and a scoop-type turning device that reciprocates along the longitudinal direction of the fermenter. In the fermentation treatment apparatus configured as above, the scooping device is configured to be able to change the inclination direction and the rotating direction of the scoop according to the moving direction of the turning device.

A second invention is the same as the first invention,
A scoop device that connects a plurality of scoops in an elliptical endless track and is positioned vertically from the top to the bottom of the fermenter is rotatably supported by a scoop type turning device. A tilt switching device that rotates and stops and fixes the scoop in any direction and angle, a reversible rotation drive device that rotates and moves the scoop in any direction on an endless track, and a reciprocating drive device that reciprocates a scoop type turning device. And having.

In a third aspect of the invention, in the first or second aspect of the invention, the fermenter and the scoop-type turning device are stacked in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction with the longitudinal directions of the fermenter aligned with each other. It is characterized in that a communication portion is provided between the end portions on different sides, which are sequentially and alternately interposed between the spaces. In a fourth aspect based on the first to third aspects, the fermenter and the scoop-type turning device are covered with a cover, and an inlet for the organic material and an outlet for the treated material are provided on the cover. In addition to being provided, an opening for ventilation is provided.

A fifth aspect of the invention is characterized in that, in the fourth aspect, a part of the ventilation openings is assigned to an exhaust port, and a deodorizing device and a forced exhaust device are connected to the exhaust port. And A sixth aspect of the present invention is the air supply device according to the fourth or fifth aspect, wherein a part of the ventilation openings is assigned to the air supply port, and the air supply temperature and the air volume can be adjusted to the air supply port. Is connected. 7th
In the first to sixth inventions, the invention of No. 1 is characterized in that a water spraying device is provided above the fermentation tank.

The fermentation treatment apparatus of the present invention is used for the purpose of fermenting an organic material and composting it.
It is also possible to use it for the purpose of facilitating the waste treatment by reducing the volume of the organic material by the fermentation treatment. As the fermenter of the present invention, a horizontal type linear fermenter having the same horizontal linear groove shape as the conventional one can be used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, as long as it has a long shape, and a box shape, a groove shape, a horizontal straight line shape, a meandering shape or the like can be appropriately selected.

The switching of the inclination of the scoop device in the present invention may be performed only in the inclination direction, and in addition to this, the inclination angle may be arbitrarily selected. It is also possible to make the angle different between the forward movement and the reverse movement of the turning device. Further, when switching the rotating direction of the scoop, not only the direction but also the rotating speed can be adjusted.

Further, the structure of the reciprocating drive device for reciprocating the turning device is not particularly limited, and a self-propelled device incorporated in the turning device or installed outside the turning device to provide driving force. It may be transmitted to the turning device. Further, the above-mentioned fermenter and slicing device are preferably covered with a cover both in the case of a single-stage fermenter and in a case where the fermenters are stacked in multiple stages, and the cover preferably has a closed structure. The cover has
An inlet for organic material, an outlet, and an opening for ventilation can be provided, but these openings can be selectively opened and closed, and by closing them when not needed, the airtightness inside the cover can be improved. Can be improved. This cover is
It is desirable to have heat retention so that the internal temperature can be maintained. The cover is made of a heat insulating material, the heat insulating material is sandwiched between two covers, or the heat insulating material is attached to the cover. be able to. Further, the cover can be provided with a heating means such as a heater for preventing the temperature of the atmosphere in the fermenter from decreasing and for raising the temperature.

A part of the ventilation opening may be an air supply port or an exhaust port. The air supply port can be provided at a plurality of positions on the cover, and the temperature and the air volume can be adjusted at a part or the whole of the cover. Furthermore, it is also possible to humidify when supplying air. In addition to the cover, the air supply port may be provided on the wall surface or bottom plate of the fermentation tank. Although the exhaust port can be similarly provided at a plurality of locations, it is desirable that an exhaust pipe or the like is connected to the exhaust port and these are collected at one location and connected to the forced exhaust device and the deodorizing device. Further, one or a plurality of water spraying devices can be arranged above the fermenter. It is also possible to reuse the waste water discharged from the fermenter in the water spray device.

[0014]

That is, according to the present invention, since the inclination direction of the scoop device and the rotation direction of the scoop can be switched, it is possible to suppress the movement of the organic material and perform frequent agitation. Vigorous contact with air can greatly improve the fermentation efficiency. In addition, in the multi-stage type, the processing amount per installation area, which was considered disadvantageous in the horizontal scoop type fermenter, increased significantly, and in combination with the above-mentioned improvement in fermentation efficiency, a device with excellent processing performance Is obtained. Also, by covering the fermentation tank and the scoop-type turning device with a cover, odor is prevented from leaking to the outside as much as possible. Further, the heat dissipation of the air in the fermenter is suppressed, and the deterioration of fermentation efficiency is prevented. Further, by supplying heated air into the cover, the environment in the tank can be maintained in the optimum state suitable for fermentation. In the frequent stirring as described above, the fermentation becomes more active due to the contact between the organic material and the warm air. At this time, by adjusting the humidity of the supply air or by spraying water with a water spray device, the environment in the tank can be further adjusted to a state suitable for fermentation, and the fermentation efficiency is further improved.

[0015]

【Example】

(Embodiment 1) An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. Fermenter 1 with horizontal straight line and vertical groove
Is horizontally installed at a predetermined location, and a scoop-type turning device 20, which will be described later, is placed on the upper surfaces of both side walls of the fermentation tank 1 so as to be movable in the longitudinal direction of the fermentation tank 1. Further, a cover 2 composed of both side walls, a top plate and a bottom plate is arranged around the fermentation tank 1 so as to cover the entire fermentation tank 1.
At the upper part of the rear end of the cover 2 (left side of FIG. 1), there is provided a charging port 5 for charging the organic material 4 carried by the conveyor 3, while at the bottom of the front end side of the cover 2 (right side of FIG. 1). Has a discharge port 6 for discharging the treated organic material, and a discharge screw feeder 7 is provided below the discharge port 6.
Is installed, and its tip faces the conveyor 8 outside the cover 2.

Further, the cover 2 is provided with an air supply port 9 on the side wall on the rear end side and an exhaust port 10 on the top plate on the front end side. The air supply port 9 is connected to the air supply device via a valve 9a. Some air heating
The blower 9b is connected. On the other hand, the exhaust port 10 is connected to a deodorizing / exhausting device 10a that also serves as a deodorizing device and a forced exhaust device. Further, a plurality of spray nozzles 11 are attached to the top plate of the cover 2 so as to spray downward, and each spray nozzle 11 ... 11 has a spray device 12 through pipes and valves 12a ... 12a, 12b.
It is connected to the. The bottom of the fermenter 1 is composed of a perforated plate, and an air chamber 13 is provided below the perforated plate. The air chamber 13 is connected to a ventilation device 13b via a valve 13a. A plurality of doors 14 are provided on the side wall of the cover 2 for maintenance and the like. Although not shown, it is also possible to drain water from the bottom perforated plate of the fermenter 1, and this discharged water (dirty water) can also be used for the spraying device.

Next, the scoop type turning device 20 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. The scoop-type turning device 20 has a configuration in which a scoop device 22 is suspended from a scoop moving carriage 21, and four wheels 23 ... 23 are fixed to four corners of the scoop moving carriage 21. These wheels 23 ride on long rails 1a provided along the upper surfaces of both side walls of the fermenter 1, and auxiliary wheels 24, 24 mounted inwardly on both sides of the scoop moving carriage 21 are rails 1a, The wheels 23 ... 23 are prevented from coming off the rails 1a by coming into contact with the outer surface of the la 1a. The rear side (Fig. 4
An axle 25 is fixed to wheels 23 on the left side, and a sprocket 26 is fixed to one end of the axle 25. A rotary sprocket 27a of a moving carriage driving motor 27 fixed on the moving carriage 21. Is connected to the chain by.

The scoop device 22 has a large number of scoops 28 fixed on a revolving belt which is an endless track, and the belt is stretched between upper and lower rolls. 29 is rotatably attached to the movable carriage 21 so as to be suspended. A sprocket 29a is fixed to one end of the rotary shaft 29, and the sprocket 29a is connected by a chain to a rotary sprocket 30a of a scoop rotation motor 30 fixed on the moving carriage 21. Further, a chain fixing portion 22a is provided at a slightly lower center of the outer surface on both sides of the scoop device 22, and the chain 34 fixed to the fixing portion 22a is provided.
Is hung between the sprockets 31 and 31 rotatably attached to the lower surface of the moving carriage 21 and the sprocket 32a fixed to the rotating shaft 32 arranged on the moving carriage 21 to form a scoop inclination direction switching device. ing. The chain 34 is slackened between the sprockets 31 and 32a in the direction opposite to the inclination of the scoop device 22 in order to secure the required length, and an idle sprocket may be provided at this position. A sprocket 32b is fixed to the rotating shaft 32, and the sprocket 3 of the scoop inclination direction switching motor 33 fixed on the moving carriage 21 is fixed.
It is connected to 3a by a chain.

The above-described scoop 28 is a steel material having a T-shaped cross section with a saw-toothed tip as shown in FIG. 6, and is fixed to the orbiting belt at predetermined intervals with the sawtooth facing outward. In this embodiment, the sawtooth scoop 2 is used.
Although a large number of 8 are connected, the present invention is not limited to this, and the tip shape of the scoop is not particularly limited. Also, the number of scoops is not particularly limited and may be only one.

Next, the operation of the above apparatus will be described.
The organic material 4 whose water content and particle size have been adjusted is carried into the fermentation tank 1 by the conveyor 3 from the charging port 5. The scoop-type turning device 20 is normally placed at a position A (front right in FIG. 1) inside the cover 2 in the cover 2 as a standby place. When the organic material 4 is stirred and transferred, the sprocket 33a, the sprocket 32b, the rotary shaft 32, and the sprocket 32a are sequentially rotated by the operation of the scoop inclination direction switching motor 33, and the chain 34 is further rotated to fix the chain 34. Scooping device 22
Is rotated in the clockwise direction (FIGS. 1 and 5), and the lower portion is positioned on the rear side and is inclined. Further, the motor 30 for rotating the scoop is operated to rotate the sprockets 30a, 29
a, the transmission of the rotation to the rotary shaft 29 causes the scoop device 2
The orbiting belt 2 is rotated to rotate the scoop 28 in the clockwise direction (FIGS. 1 and 5). Then, by operating the moving carriage driving motor 27, the axle 25 is rotated via the sprockets 27a and 26, and the moving carriage 21, that is, the scoop-type turning device 20 is moved rearward (left in the drawing). As a result, the scoop-type turning device 20 sequentially
The organic material 4 at the rear is scraped up by the scoop 28 and finally dropped from the upper part of the scoop device 22 to the front. The organic material 4 is surely stirred and mixed by the scoop 28, is finely granulated while being forwardly moved by a predetermined distance, and is sufficiently contacted with air to perform aerobic fermentation.

When the scoop type turning device 20 reaches the rear end (position B in the drawing), the scoop device 22 is rotated clockwise by the scoop tilt direction switching motor 33 to a substantially horizontal state, and the motor 27 for driving the moving carriage 27. Is reversed and the scoop type turning device 20 is moved to the standby position A position. Next, the scoop inclination direction switching motor 33
Is reversed to rotate the scoop device 22 counterclockwise to bring the scoop device 22 into a substantially horizontal state, and then the scoop type turning device 20 is moved to the rear end B position. Next, the scooping device 22 is rotated clockwise, the lower part of the scooping device 22 is positioned on the front side, and the scooping device 22 is stopped in a state of being inclined by a predetermined angle. Then, the scoop rotation motor 30
Is reversed and the orbiting belt is rotated in the opposite direction to the above, the scoop type turning device 20 is moved forward. The organic material 4 on the front side is stirred and mixed in the same manner as described above, and then transferred to the rear side. In the above embodiment, the switching of the inclination direction of the scooping device is performed at the position A, but the present invention may be performed at any appropriate position.

By repeating the above operation by appropriately combining and moving the organic material forward and backward and stirring, the organic material can be frequently agitated while the movement distance is suppressed. For example, 10 to 15 a day
By moving the rotating scoop type turning device, the stirring is sufficiently performed, and the aerobic fermentation with low odor is efficiently performed. During the stirring, when the temperature of the organic material falls below a desired temperature, the air heating / blower 9b is operated to supply heated air from the air supply port 9 into the fermenter 1. By contacting the heated air with the organic material 4, the temperature is prevented from lowering, the optimum fermentation temperature condition is maintained, and the fermentation efficiency is further improved. Further, when it is not necessary to raise the temperature of the organic material 4, the air heating / blower device 9b is not operated, and the air chamber 13 is operated by the operation of the ventilation device 13b.
May supply air at room temperature. Also,
When the water content of the organic material 4 is insufficient, the spraying device 12 is operated, and necessary or all valves are opened to spray water from the spraying nozzle 11 toward the organic material 4.

During the fermentation process, the inside of the fermenter 1 is almost sealed, and the air inside is sucked from the exhaust port 10 and processed by the deodorizing / exhausting device 10a. Smell of odor is surely prevented. According to the above apparatus, since the organic material can be frequently stirred, the fermentation efficiency is remarkably improved, and the treatment (primary fermentation) which has conventionally required 20 days or more is completed in about 10 days. I was able to. The treated material is fermented homogeneously and the outlet 6
From the discharge screw feeder 7 to the outside conveyor 8.

(Second Embodiment) Next, another embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. In this embodiment, the fermenters 1 are stacked in multiple stages, and the operation content and the like are almost the same as those in the above-mentioned embodiment. The same structures as those in the above-mentioned embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof will be omitted.

To briefly explain this embodiment, fermenters 41a, 41b, 41c and 41d are stacked from the uppermost stage to the lower stage, and between the stages, the fermenters 41a, 41b, 41c and 41d are sequentially and alternately arranged at the ends on different sides. The discharge ports 42a, 42b, 42c, 42d are formed, and the discharge screw feeder 7 is arranged below the discharge port 42d. All outlets are located in front of each stage fermenter (transfer direction). Also in this device, all the steps are covered with the cover 44, and each step has a scoop-type turning device 20.
Are arranged. The organic material 4 treated in each stage is sequentially moved to the lower stage from each discharge port, and the stirring and the movement are repeated, so that frequent stirring can be performed as in the first embodiment. This multi-stage device can significantly increase the throughput per installation area. Further, since the airtightness can be easily sealed, it is possible to surely prevent the leakage of a bad odor and effectively deodorize.

[0026]

As described above, according to the fermentation treatment apparatus of the present invention, the inclination direction of the scoop device and the rotation direction of the scoop can be switched, so that the organic material is frequently stirred in the fermentation tank. Therefore, the fermentation efficiency can be increased and the processing efficiency can be significantly improved. Further, the environment of the fermenter can be adjusted to the best one suitable for fermentation by sealing the apparatus, supplying heated air, and spraying the apparatus to further improve the fermentation efficiency.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of the same.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the vicinity of a scoop type turning device.

5 is a schematic view of FIG. 4 as viewed from V. FIG.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged perspective view of a scoop.

FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of another embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a vertical cross-sectional view of the same side surface.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Fermenter 2 Cover 4 Organic material 5 Input port 6 Discharge port 9 Air supply port 10 Exhaust port 9b Air heating / air blower device 10a Deodorizing / exhaust device 11 Spray nozzle 20 Scoop type turning device 22 Scoop device 27 Motor for driving trolley 30 Motor for Rotating Scoop 33 Motor for Changing Scoop Inclination Direction 41a Fermenter 41b Fermenter 41c Fermenter 41d Fermenter 44 Cover

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁶ Identification code Internal reference number FI technical display location C05F 7/00 7537-4H 9/02 E 7537-4H

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. A long fermentation tank for fermenting an organic material while transferring it forward, a scoop for stirring and transferring the organic material by rotation, and a scoop having the above-mentioned scoop and having an upper part on the front side and a lower part. In a fermentation treatment device comprising a scoop device inclined so as to be located on the rear side, and a scoop device including the scoop device and reciprocating along the longitudinal direction of the fermenter, the scoop device is A fermentation treatment apparatus for an organic material, characterized in that the inclination direction and the rotation direction of the scoop can be changed according to the moving direction of the turning device. 2. A scoop device in which a plurality of scoops are connected in an elliptical endless track shape and are positioned vertically from the top to the bottom of the fermenter is rotatably supported by a scoop type turning device. Further, a tilt switching device that rotates and stops and fixes the scoop device in an arbitrary tilt direction and tilt angle, a reversible rotation drive device that rotationally moves the scoop in an arbitrary direction on an endless track, and a reciprocating scoop-type turning device. And a reciprocating driving device for moving the organic material fermentation processing device according to claim 1. 3. The fermenter and the scoop-type turning device are stacked in a plurality of stages in the vertical direction with their longitudinal directions aligned with each other, and between the respective stage fermenters, communication portions are sequentially and alternately connected to different end portions. The organic material fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: 4. The fermenter and the scoop-type turning device are covered with a cover, and the cover is provided with an inlet for an organic material and an outlet for a fermented material, and for ventilation. An organic material fermentation treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an opening is provided. 5. The organic substance according to claim 4, wherein a part of the ventilation opening is assigned to the exhaust port, and the deodorizing device and the forced exhaust device are connected to the exhaust port. Material fermentation processing equipment 6. A part of the ventilation opening is assigned to the air supply port, and an air supply device capable of adjusting the air supply temperature and the air volume is connected to the air supply port. The organic material fermentation treatment apparatus according to claim 4 or 5. 7. A fermentation treatment apparatus for organic material according to claim 1, wherein a water spraying device is provided above the fermentation tank.