JP3925554B2 - 鉛フリーはんだボール - Google Patents
鉛フリーはんだボール Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3925554B2 JP3925554B2 JP2005514575A JP2005514575A JP3925554B2 JP 3925554 B2 JP3925554 B2 JP 3925554B2 JP 2005514575 A JP2005514575 A JP 2005514575A JP 2005514575 A JP2005514575 A JP 2005514575A JP 3925554 B2 JP3925554 B2 JP 3925554B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- solder
- lead
- solder ball
- bga
- bump
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 135
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910017944 Ag—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910017482 Cu 6 Sn 5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910017888 Cu—P Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910020220 Pb—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910020836 Sn-Ag Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910020988 Sn—Ag Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910017750 AgSn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000025599 Heat Stress disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010027439 Metal poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910020816 Sn Pb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020830 Sn-Bi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020888 Sn-Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020922 Sn-Pb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910020994 Sn-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008433 SnCU Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018728 Sn—Bi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910019204 Sn—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008783 Sn—Pb Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910009069 Sn—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004455 differential thermal analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005496 eutectics Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005802 health problem Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 208000008127 lead poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004394 yellowing prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C13/00—Alloys based on tin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 degrees C
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/26—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 400 degrees C
- B23K35/262—Sn as the principal constituent
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
- H01L2924/0001—Technical content checked by a classifier
- H01L2924/0002—Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/341—Surface mounted components
- H05K3/3431—Leadless components
- H05K3/3436—Leadless components having an array of bottom contacts, e.g. pad grid array or ball grid array components
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05K—PRINTED CIRCUITS; CASINGS OR CONSTRUCTIONAL DETAILS OF ELECTRIC APPARATUS; MANUFACTURE OF ASSEMBLAGES OF ELECTRICAL COMPONENTS
- H05K3/00—Apparatus or processes for manufacturing printed circuits
- H05K3/30—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor
- H05K3/32—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits
- H05K3/34—Assembling printed circuits with electric components, e.g. with resistor electrically connecting electric components or wires to printed circuits by soldering
- H05K3/3457—Solder materials or compositions; Methods of application thereof
- H05K3/3463—Solder compositions in relation to features of the printed circuit board or the mounting process
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electric Connection Of Electric Components To Printed Circuits (AREA)
- Conductive Materials (AREA)
Description
Sn−Ag系にCuを添加した鉛フリーはんだは本発明出願人が既に日本国特許第3,027,441号として特許を得たものである。この組成の中でもSn−3Ag−0.5Cuが、はんだ付け性、接合強度、耐熱疲労性等の特性に優れているため、現在は多くの電子機器のはんだ付けに使用されており、またBGAのバンプを形成するためのはんだボールとしても使用されている。
特開2002ー57177号公報に開示されたはんだボールは、表面の凹凸が改善されたため、BGAに供給しやすくなり、はんだ付け後の接合強度が向上するという効果を有している。しかしながら、かかるはんだボールには、はんだ付け性、つまりBGAの電極やプリント基板のランド対する濡れ性に対する更なる改善が求められている。
ここに、本発明の目的は、直径が小さくても接合強度に優れ、黄変が見られず、さらに長期間の接合信頼性を発揮するはんだボールを提供することである。
(1)直径が小さいはんだボールで接合強度が弱くなる原因は、はんだと電子部品の電極間にボイドが発生したときに、はんだ接合部に対するボイドの占める割合が大きいからである。
(2)本発明者らがさらにSn−Ag−Cu−P系鉛フリーはんだの濡れ性とボイドについて検討を行ったところ、濡れ性とボイドについてはPが大いに影響していることが判明した。つまり、Sn−Ag−Cu−P系鉛フリーはんだでは、Pの添加量が多すぎると、はんだ付け性を害し、ボイドを発生させてしまうものである。
そこで、本発明者らは、このようなはんだボールに関して濡れ性やボイド発生に影響がなく、しかも黄変防止に効果のあるPの添加量を見出したのである。
(3)はんだの性能として最も重要視されることは接合信頼性である。接合界面からのバンプ剥離はただちに導通不良をもたらすことから、はんだそのものの強度よりも重要視される。Pの上述の範囲での微量添加には、予想外にもはんだ接合部の長期信頼性を向上する効果があることをさらに見出した。
本発明によれば、上述の鉛フリーはんだボールがバンプ形成後に表面が黄色く変色せず、また粒径が小さくても接合強度が確保され、同時に長期にわたる接合信頼性が発揮される。
まず、各はんだ合金の液相線温度および固相線温度を示差熱分析による加熱曲線で測定した。表中で、S.T.は固相線温度、L.T.は液相線温度を示す。
従って、本発明の鉛フリーはんだボールは、BGAではんだバンプを形成後、画像処理装置ではんだバンプの検査を行ったときにエラーがないため正確な検査が行え、またはんだ付け時の不良発生が少ないばかりでなく強い接合強度が得られるものである。
試験条件は次の通りであった。
エージングの前後において、英国Dege社製の測定装置を使って、プル速度300μm/sec、プル閉圧力10PSi、プル保持時間2秒でプル試験を行い、はんだバンプを剥離して、剥離した割合、つまり界面剥離率、およびプル保持時間2秒経過までの最大プル強度(50点の平均値)を求めた。
図1および図2は、金めっき基板の下地のNiとSn−3.0Ag−0.5Cuはんだの接合界面とプル試験による剥離面の断面組織の顕微鏡組織写真であり、それぞれP添加(30ppm)の無し、有りの場合を示す。なお、それぞれにはエージング前後における剥離面の断面金属組織写真をも併せて示してある。
さらに、本発明にかかるはんだボールによれば、長期の使用あるいは高温環境したでの使用に際しても、接合信頼性に優れたはんだバンプが得られる。特に、車載基板および産業機器基板はシリコーンなどの樹脂でコーティングされることが多いが、そのときのエージングによってむしろ耐剥離性が顕著に改善されるという微量P添加の作用効果は予想外であり、それにより本発明は、電子機器の信頼性の向上に大きく寄与するものである。
Claims (5)
- Ag:1.0〜4.0質量%、Cu:0.05〜2.0質量%、P:0.0005〜0.005質量%、残部Snから成る合金組成を有することを特徴とする鉛フリーはんだボール。
- 前記合金組成において、Ag:1.0〜3.5質量%である、請求項1記載の鉛フリーはんだボール。
- 前記合金組成において、Cu:0.05〜0.75質量%である、請求項1記載のはんだボール。
- 粒径が0.04〜0.5mmである、請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の鉛フリーはんだボール。
- 請求項1記載のはんだボールから形成されたはんだバンプ。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003347950 | 2003-10-07 | ||
JP2003347950 | 2003-10-07 | ||
PCT/JP2004/014724 WO2005035180A1 (ja) | 2003-10-07 | 2004-10-06 | 鉛フリーはんだボール |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP3925554B2 true JP3925554B2 (ja) | 2007-06-06 |
JPWO2005035180A1 JPWO2005035180A1 (ja) | 2007-11-22 |
Family
ID=34430943
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2005514575A Expired - Lifetime JP3925554B2 (ja) | 2003-10-07 | 2004-10-06 | 鉛フリーはんだボール |
Country Status (10)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7750475B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1679149B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP3925554B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100923900B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100509257C (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE555871T1 (ja) |
MY (1) | MY136217A (ja) |
PT (1) | PT1679149E (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI357368B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2005035180A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (20)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2006040847A1 (ja) * | 2004-10-14 | 2006-04-20 | Ibiden Co., Ltd. | プリント配線板及びプリント配線板の製造方法 |
US8691143B2 (en) | 2005-06-03 | 2014-04-08 | Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. | Lead-free solder alloy |
US8887980B2 (en) | 2005-06-10 | 2014-11-18 | Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. | Method of soldering portions plated by electroless Ni plating |
CN100431747C (zh) * | 2005-10-27 | 2008-11-12 | 徐振武 | 一种无铅焊锡球的制备方法 |
JPWO2008140033A1 (ja) * | 2007-05-11 | 2010-08-05 | Tanakaホールディングス株式会社 | 封止パッケージ用のリッド又はケース及びそれらの製造方法 |
JP2009004454A (ja) * | 2007-06-19 | 2009-01-08 | Shinko Electric Ind Co Ltd | 電極構造体及びその形成方法と電子部品及び実装基板 |
JP5071802B2 (ja) * | 2008-04-08 | 2012-11-14 | 日立金属株式会社 | はんだボール、はんだ層及びはんだバンプ |
TWI466752B (zh) * | 2008-06-23 | 2015-01-01 | Materion Advanced Materials Technologies And Services Inc | 可用於與無鉛錫基焊料相容之金-錫-銦焊料 |
US20100203353A1 (en) * | 2009-02-06 | 2010-08-12 | Iowa State University Research Foundation, Inc. | Pb-Free Sn-Ag-Cu-Mn Solder |
JP5584427B2 (ja) * | 2009-04-14 | 2014-09-03 | 新日鉄住金マテリアルズ株式会社 | 無鉛ハンダ合金、ハンダボール及びハンダバンプを有する電子部材 |
CN101722379B (zh) * | 2009-11-26 | 2011-04-13 | 大丰市大奇金属磨料有限公司 | 一种球栅阵列封装无铅锡球的制备工艺 |
US8508054B2 (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2013-08-13 | Broadcom Corporation | Enhanced bump pitch scaling |
KR101283580B1 (ko) * | 2011-12-14 | 2013-07-05 | 엠케이전자 주식회사 | 주석계 솔더 볼 및 이를 포함하는 반도체 패키지 |
CN104602862B (zh) * | 2012-06-30 | 2017-05-17 | 千住金属工业株式会社 | 无铅焊料球 |
KR101284363B1 (ko) * | 2013-01-03 | 2013-07-08 | 덕산하이메탈(주) | 금속코어 솔더볼 및 이를 이용한 반도체 장치의 방열접속구조 |
MY181753A (en) | 2013-05-03 | 2021-01-06 | Honeywell Int Inc | Lead frame construct for lead-free solder connections |
CN103586600A (zh) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-02-19 | 宁波市鄞州恒迅电子材料有限公司 | 无铅焊锡合金球 |
JP2017509489A (ja) | 2014-02-20 | 2017-04-06 | ハネウェル・インターナショナル・インコーポレーテッド | 鉛フリーはんだ組成物 |
JP6374424B2 (ja) | 2016-03-08 | 2018-08-15 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | はんだ合金、はんだボール、チップソルダ、はんだペースト及びはんだ継手 |
KR102460042B1 (ko) * | 2020-05-14 | 2022-10-28 | 엠케이전자 주식회사 | 무연 솔더 합금, 솔더볼, 솔더 페이스트, 및 반도체 부품 |
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SG139507A1 (en) * | 2001-07-09 | 2008-02-29 | Quantum Chem Tech Singapore | Improvements in or relating to solders |
CN100464930C (zh) * | 2002-01-10 | 2009-03-04 | 千住金属工业株式会社 | 用于补充焊料浴的无铅焊料合金 |
JP4144415B2 (ja) | 2003-01-07 | 2008-09-03 | 千住金属工業株式会社 | 鉛フリーはんだ |
US7282175B2 (en) | 2003-04-17 | 2007-10-16 | Senju Metal Industry Co., Ltd. | Lead-free solder |
CN1905985B (zh) * | 2004-07-29 | 2010-12-08 | 千住金属工业株式会社 | 无铅焊锡合金 |
-
2004
- 2004-10-06 PT PT04792080T patent/PT1679149E/pt unknown
- 2004-10-06 US US10/570,626 patent/US7750475B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-10-06 EP EP04792080A patent/EP1679149B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-10-06 CN CNB2004800290583A patent/CN100509257C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-10-06 AT AT04792080T patent/ATE555871T1/de active
- 2004-10-06 KR KR1020067006594A patent/KR100923900B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2004-10-06 WO PCT/JP2004/014724 patent/WO2005035180A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2004-10-06 JP JP2005514575A patent/JP3925554B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2004-10-07 MY MYPI20044112A patent/MY136217A/en unknown
- 2004-10-07 TW TW093130375A patent/TWI357368B/zh active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
ATE555871T1 (de) | 2012-05-15 |
US20070069379A1 (en) | 2007-03-29 |
EP1679149B1 (en) | 2012-05-02 |
EP1679149A4 (en) | 2007-03-28 |
US7750475B2 (en) | 2010-07-06 |
KR20060120008A (ko) | 2006-11-24 |
CN1863639A (zh) | 2006-11-15 |
CN100509257C (zh) | 2009-07-08 |
TW200518871A (en) | 2005-06-16 |
MY136217A (en) | 2008-08-29 |
PT1679149E (pt) | 2012-07-02 |
EP1679149A1 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
KR100923900B1 (ko) | 2009-10-28 |
WO2005035180A1 (ja) | 2005-04-21 |
TWI357368B (en) | 2012-02-01 |
JPWO2005035180A1 (ja) | 2007-11-22 |
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