JP3887315B2 - 開放端を有する精製単層カーボンナノチューブを合成する方法 - Google Patents
開放端を有する精製単層カーボンナノチューブを合成する方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3887315B2 JP3887315B2 JP2002581319A JP2002581319A JP3887315B2 JP 3887315 B2 JP3887315 B2 JP 3887315B2 JP 2002581319 A JP2002581319 A JP 2002581319A JP 2002581319 A JP2002581319 A JP 2002581319A JP 3887315 B2 JP3887315 B2 JP 3887315B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- carbon
- temperature
- impurities
- swnt
- walled carbon
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000002109 single walled nanotube Substances 0.000 title claims description 79
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 41
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 121
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002071 nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000255925 Diptera Species 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 40
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 40
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 36
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 35
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 31
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 25
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 25
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 24
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910003481 amorphous carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 16
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000003917 TEM image Methods 0.000 description 8
- 208000021302 gastroesophageal reflux disease Diseases 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical class C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910021386 carbon form Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 filamentous carbon Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000024 high-resolution transmission electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 2
- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012521 purified sample Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N C60 fullerene Chemical class C12=C3C(C4=C56)=C7C8=C5C5=C9C%10=C6C6=C4C1=C1C4=C6C6=C%10C%10=C9C9=C%11C5=C8C5=C8C7=C3C3=C7C2=C1C1=C2C4=C6C4=C%10C6=C9C9=C%11C5=C5C8=C3C3=C7C1=C1C2=C4C6=C2C9=C5C3=C12 XMWRBQBLMFGWIX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001069 Raman spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011852 carbon nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002772 conduction electron Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009295 crossflow filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002019 doping agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910003472 fullerene Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hcl hcl Chemical compound Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005528 kondo effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013014 purified material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005297 pyrex Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000527 sonication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/15—Nano-sized carbon materials
- C01B32/158—Carbon nanotubes
- C01B32/168—After-treatment
- C01B32/17—Purification
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0021—Carbon, e.g. active carbon, carbon nanotubes, fullerenes; Treatment thereof
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B2202/00—Structure or properties of carbon nanotubes
- C01B2202/02—Single-walled nanotubes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S977/00—Nanotechnology
- Y10S977/84—Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure
- Y10S977/842—Manufacture, treatment, or detection of nanostructure for carbon nanotubes or fullerenes
- Y10S977/848—Tube end modifications, e.g. capping, joining, splicing
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
Description
関連出願の相互参照
本願は、2001年9月24日に出願された米国特許仮出願第60/324,066号「カーボンフィラメントの精製及び水素貯蔵におけるその使用」及び2001年4月14日に出願された米国特許仮出願第60/283,470号「低温及び極低温での水素貯蔵に使用されるカーボンフィラメントの精製」の優先権を主張し、それらの開示内容は引用によりここに援用する。
サイエンス・オブ・フラーレン・アンド・カーボンナノチューブ(Science of Fullerenes and Carbon Nanotubes)、エム・エス・ドレッセルハウス等編、アカデミック・プレス、1996年。
図面の簡単な説明
本発明の種々の特徴及び利点は、本発明の範囲を限定するためでなく例示の目的で提出された添付の図面を参照することにより更に明らかとなろう。図面において、同様の構造は同じ符号で表されている。
昇温酸化(DTPO)を示す図である。
ある。
発明の実施の態様
本発明は、フィラメント状カーボンなどの所望の結晶性カーボンを、アモルファスカーボン不純物や金属含有不純物などの望ましくないカーボン形態を含有する混合物から分離する際に生じる問題を解決するものである。鋭意研究の結果、そのような混合物から、単層ナノチューブなどのカーボンフィラメントを高収率で得る効果的な非破壊精製方法が開発された。
実施例
ADにより製造した煤原料は、公知の方法に従って調製された(シー・ジャーネット等、ネイチャー(Nature)、 第388巻,756ページ)カルボレックス社(ケンタッキー州レキシントン)から乾燥粉末品として受領したものを使用した。これらの煤の化学分析は、TG−50型メトラー熱重量分析計(TGA)を使用して昇温酸化(TPO)法により行った。TGA反応条件は、約100sccmの乾燥空気流中、約25℃から昇温速度5℃/分で約1000℃まで昇温した。TPO曲線の1次微分、すなわちDTPO曲線から、これらの煤に含まれる種々のカーボン相の好ましい酸化温度を後述のように決定した。
水素貯蔵の例
標準in−situ重量測定(質量摂取)法により、アーク放電由来の単層カーボンナノチューブを、液体窒素温度(すなわち、T=77K)、圧力(P)約2気圧(atm)で、6.5wt%もの多量の水素を貯蔵できることが観察された。まず、材料に、チューブの壁部に孔を開口するための処理を施す。このプロセスにより、チューブの壁部は相当破損し、その表面にsp3 性が付加され得る。理論計算の結果は、活性化処理により原子が除去されて得られた「粗い」ナノチューブ表面に吸着した水素の結合エネルギーが大幅に増加することを示している。
plied Phys.Lett.)、14(1999)2307)の、T=77Kであるがより高圧で多量の水素を貯蔵したSWNT試料中のサイトの結合エネルギー値よりも、かなり高いことを示している。本書においては、測定された最大貯蔵量の半分の貯蔵量をもたらす圧力と定義される「特徴的貯蔵圧力」p*と、カーボン表面における水素の結合エネルギーとの関係は、以下のように理解される。
2.4M塩酸中、120℃で6時間還流。
3.2.6M硝酸中、130℃で30時間還流。
4.比表面積(BET)。
5.TPOにより測定。
実験の詳細
材料は、HRTEM、TPO、ラマン散乱、窒素及び二酸化炭素吸着等温線により特徴付けられた。試料の昇温酸化は、IGA−003型重量分析計(ハイデン・アナリティカル・インスツルメント社製)で行った。測定は、室温付近から昇温速度5℃/分で約1000℃まで、100cc/分の乾燥空気流中で行った。窒素及び二酸化炭素吸着等温線はそれぞれ77K及び300KでIGA−003型重量分析計(ハイデン・アナリティカル・インスツルメント社製)を用いて吸着に先立って行い、試料は高真空(10-7Torr)下220℃で一晩脱気した。比表面積と孔径はBET式とDR式により計算した。
Claims (6)
- a) 単層カーボンナノチューブと付随不純物とを含む混合物を、酸化性ガスの存在下、カーボン不純物を選択的に除去するに充分な温度で加熱する工程と、
b) 前記混合物を100℃から130℃の範囲の温度で酸に露出して、金属不純物を除去する工程と、
c) 前記単層カーボンナノチューブに開口を導入するのに充分な温度と時間で、前記単層カーボンナノチューブを硝酸に露出する工程とを順次含むことを特徴とする、開放端を有する精製単層カーボンナノチューブを合成する方法。 - 前記工程c)の後に、前記単層カーボンナノチューブを真空下で加熱する工程を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物を295℃から500℃の範囲の温度で加熱して、カーボン不純物を選択的に除去することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記混合物を350℃から410℃の範囲の温度で30分間以上加熱して、カーボン不純物を選択的に除去することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記加熱、露出した混合物を130℃の温度で硝酸に露出することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記加熱、露出した混合物を130℃の温度で、2時間から200時間、硝酸に露出することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US28347001P | 2001-04-12 | 2001-04-12 | |
US32406601P | 2001-09-24 | 2001-09-24 | |
PCT/US2002/011617 WO2002083556A2 (en) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-12 | Purification of carbon filaments and their use in storing hydrogen |
Related Child Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006256327A Division JP2007077016A (ja) | 2001-04-12 | 2006-09-21 | 水素貯蔵材及びその製造方法、水素貯蔵方法 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2005505481A JP2005505481A (ja) | 2005-02-24 |
JP2005505481A5 JP2005505481A5 (ja) | 2005-11-17 |
JP3887315B2 true JP3887315B2 (ja) | 2007-02-28 |
Family
ID=26962064
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2002581319A Expired - Fee Related JP3887315B2 (ja) | 2001-04-12 | 2002-04-12 | 開放端を有する精製単層カーボンナノチューブを合成する方法 |
JP2006256327A Pending JP2007077016A (ja) | 2001-04-12 | 2006-09-21 | 水素貯蔵材及びその製造方法、水素貯蔵方法 |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2006256327A Pending JP2007077016A (ja) | 2001-04-12 | 2006-09-21 | 水素貯蔵材及びその製造方法、水素貯蔵方法 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6869583B2 (ja) |
JP (2) | JP3887315B2 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2002307283A1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2002083556A2 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (40)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030012951A1 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2003-01-16 | Clarke Mark S.F. | Analysis of isolated and purified single walled carbon nanotube structures |
US6896864B2 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2005-05-24 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Spatial localization of dispersed single walled carbon nanotubes into useful structures |
US6878361B2 (en) * | 2001-07-10 | 2005-04-12 | Battelle Memorial Institute | Production of stable aqueous dispersions of carbon nanotubes |
US8154093B2 (en) | 2002-01-16 | 2012-04-10 | Nanomix, Inc. | Nano-electronic sensors for chemical and biological analytes, including capacitance and bio-membrane devices |
US8152991B2 (en) * | 2005-10-27 | 2012-04-10 | Nanomix, Inc. | Ammonia nanosensors, and environmental control system |
CA2374848A1 (en) * | 2002-03-06 | 2003-09-06 | Centre National De La Recherche Scientifique | A process for the mass production of multiwalled carbon nanotubes |
US20070048181A1 (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2007-03-01 | Chang Daniel M | Carbon dioxide nanosensor, and respiratory CO2 monitors |
US7547931B2 (en) * | 2003-09-05 | 2009-06-16 | Nanomix, Inc. | Nanoelectronic capnometer adaptor including a nanoelectric sensor selectively sensitive to at least one gaseous constituent of exhaled breath |
US20070048180A1 (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2007-03-01 | Gabriel Jean-Christophe P | Nanoelectronic breath analyzer and asthma monitor |
US7714398B2 (en) * | 2002-09-05 | 2010-05-11 | Nanomix, Inc. | Nanoelectronic measurement system for physiologic gases and improved nanosensor for carbon dioxide |
US7948041B2 (en) * | 2005-05-19 | 2011-05-24 | Nanomix, Inc. | Sensor having a thin-film inhibition layer |
FR2843382B1 (fr) * | 2002-08-08 | 2005-12-23 | Centre Nat Rech Scient | Procede d'ouverture de nanotubes de carbone a leurs extremites et applications |
US20060263255A1 (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2006-11-23 | Tzong-Ru Han | Nanoelectronic sensor system and hydrogen-sensitive functionalization |
US20070114573A1 (en) * | 2002-09-04 | 2007-05-24 | Tzong-Ru Han | Sensor device with heated nanostructure |
US7351444B2 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2008-04-01 | Intematix Corporation | Low platinum fuel cell catalysts and method for preparing the same |
US8211593B2 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2012-07-03 | Intematix Corporation | Low platinum fuel cells, catalysts, and method for preparing the same |
US20050112450A1 (en) * | 2003-09-08 | 2005-05-26 | Intematix Corporation | Low platinum fuel cell catalysts and method for preparing the same |
WO2005026694A2 (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2005-03-24 | Nanomix, Inc. | Carbon dioxide nanoelectronic sensor |
US20050221016A1 (en) * | 2003-12-31 | 2005-10-06 | Glatkowski Paul J | Methods for modifying carbon nanotube structures to enhance coating optical and electronic properties of transparent conductive coatings |
US7345296B2 (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2008-03-18 | Atomate Corporation | Nanotube transistor and rectifying devices |
JP2006169072A (ja) * | 2004-12-17 | 2006-06-29 | Toyota Motor Corp | 筒状炭素構造体及びその製造方法、並びに、ガス吸蔵材料、複合材料及びその強化方法、摺動材料、フィールドエミッション、表面分析装置、塗装材料 |
JP2006225246A (ja) * | 2005-02-21 | 2006-08-31 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | ナノカーボン材料 |
US20100239491A1 (en) * | 2006-06-28 | 2010-09-23 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Method of producing carbon nanotubes |
CN101164872B (zh) * | 2006-10-20 | 2012-05-09 | 索尼株式会社 | 单层碳纳米管的制造方法 |
TWI434904B (zh) * | 2006-10-25 | 2014-04-21 | Kuraray Co | 透明導電膜、透明電極基板及使用它之液晶配向膜之製法、以及碳奈米管及其製法 |
JP5160065B2 (ja) * | 2006-10-25 | 2013-03-13 | 株式会社クラレ | 液晶配向膜の製造方法 |
US20080296904A1 (en) * | 2007-05-29 | 2008-12-04 | Nasik Elahi | System for capturing energy from a moving fluid |
JP5029171B2 (ja) * | 2007-06-29 | 2012-09-19 | 東レ株式会社 | カーボンナノチューブ集合体の製造方法 |
US8591858B2 (en) * | 2008-05-01 | 2013-11-26 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Effect of hydrocarbon and transport gas feedstock on efficiency and quality of grown single-walled nanotubes |
US9174847B2 (en) * | 2008-05-01 | 2015-11-03 | Honda Motor Co., Ltd. | Synthesis of high quality carbon single-walled nanotubes |
CN101337669B (zh) * | 2008-08-12 | 2010-06-02 | 云南冶金集团总公司技术中心 | 由工业碳制取高纯碳的方法 |
US8993346B2 (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2015-03-31 | Nanomix, Inc. | Magnetic carbon nanotube based biodetection |
JP2011057516A (ja) * | 2009-09-11 | 2011-03-24 | Dowa Holdings Co Ltd | 単層カーボンナノチューブフィルムおよびその製造方法 |
KR101082590B1 (ko) | 2009-10-23 | 2011-11-10 | 인하대학교 산학협력단 | 수소저장용 탄소나노튜브의 제조방법 |
JP5660952B2 (ja) * | 2011-03-30 | 2015-01-28 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 酸化チタン−カーボン複合体の製造方法 |
JP5865655B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-30 | 2016-02-17 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | カーボンナノホーンの製造方法、フッ素化カーボンナノホーン、及び、その製造方法 |
US20160116132A1 (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2016-04-28 | The University Of Nevada | Heat dissipating plate device for light emitting diode, head lamp for automobile and method for preparing the same |
WO2016088715A1 (ja) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-09 | 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社 | 炭素材料及びこれに関する方法 |
CN110382416A (zh) | 2017-02-10 | 2019-10-25 | 雷莫工业公司 | 具有低多环芳烃浓度的石墨烯碳纳米粒子及其制备方法 |
US11131503B2 (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2021-09-28 | Goodrich Corporation | Carbon fiber, carbon composite and furnace purification by hydrogen reduction followed by thermal heat treatment |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5641466A (en) * | 1993-06-03 | 1997-06-24 | Nec Corporation | Method of purifying carbon nanotubes |
JP2595903B2 (ja) * | 1994-07-05 | 1997-04-02 | 日本電気株式会社 | 液相におけるカーボン・ナノチューブの精製・開口方法および官能基の導入方法 |
GB9418937D0 (en) * | 1994-09-20 | 1994-11-09 | Isis Innovation | Opening and filling carbon nanotubes |
JP2590442B2 (ja) * | 1994-09-27 | 1997-03-12 | 工業技術院長 | カーボンナノチューブの分離精製方法 |
KR20010027422A (ko) | 1999-09-13 | 2001-04-06 | 이영희 | 열처리법의 의한 다중 탄소나노튜브의 고수율 정제법 |
US6752977B2 (en) * | 2001-02-12 | 2004-06-22 | William Marsh Rice University | Process for purifying single-wall carbon nanotubes and compositions thereof |
-
2002
- 2002-04-12 US US10/120,827 patent/US6869583B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-12 AU AU2002307283A patent/AU2002307283A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-04-12 JP JP2002581319A patent/JP3887315B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-12 WO PCT/US2002/011617 patent/WO2002083556A2/en active Application Filing
-
2006
- 2006-09-21 JP JP2006256327A patent/JP2007077016A/ja active Pending
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JP2007077016A (ja) | 2007-03-29 |
WO2002083556A3 (en) | 2003-12-18 |
US6869583B2 (en) | 2005-03-22 |
WO2002083556A2 (en) | 2002-10-24 |
AU2002307283A1 (en) | 2002-10-28 |
US20030031620A1 (en) | 2003-02-13 |
JP2005505481A (ja) | 2005-02-24 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP3887315B2 (ja) | 開放端を有する精製単層カーボンナノチューブを合成する方法 | |
KR100775878B1 (ko) | 단일벽 탄소 나노튜브의 용매화를 용이하게 하기 위한 단일벽 탄소 나노튜브의 화학적 유도체화 및 그 유도체화된 나노튜브의 사용 방법 | |
US6835366B1 (en) | Chemical derivatization of single-wall carbon nanotubes to facilitate solvation thereof, and use of derivatized nanotubes | |
TWI444328B (zh) | A carbon material containing carbon nanotubes and a carbon material obtained by the purification method, and a resin molded body using the carbon material, a fiber, a heat sink, a sliding material, an electric field source material of the electric field, a conductive material of the electrode Agent, catalyst carrier and conductive film | |
Mercier et al. | Selective removal of metal impurities from single walled carbon nanotube samples | |
JP2008517863A (ja) | カーボンナノチューブの改善されたオゾン分解 | |
JP2004507436A (ja) | 官能基化された短いカーボンナノチューブの製造方法および該方法により得られる官能基化された短いカーボンナノチューブ | |
Zhao et al. | Study on purification and tip-opening of CNTs fabricated by CVD | |
Rosario-Castro et al. | Combined electron microscopy and spectroscopy characterization of as-received, acid purified, and oxidized HiPCO single-wall carbon nanotubes | |
Ciambelli et al. | Wide characterisation to compare conventional and highly effective microwave purification and functionalization of multi-wall carbon nanotubes | |
JP2004290793A (ja) | 水素吸蔵材料、水素吸蔵体、水素貯蔵装置、燃料電池車両、及び水素吸蔵材料の製造方法 | |
Sundaram et al. | Purifying carbon nanotube wires by vacuum annealing | |
JP4696598B2 (ja) | カーボンナノチューブ | |
Yuca et al. | Thermal and electrical properties of carbon nanotubes purified by acid digestion | |
Tran et al. | Purification and defect elimination of single-walled carbon nanotubes by the thermal reduction technique | |
WO2012056184A2 (fr) | Méthode de purification de nanotubes de carbone | |
JP2004352605A (ja) | カーボンナノチューブを含有する組成物の精製方法 | |
Takahashi et al. | Adsorption of ammonia and water on functionalized edge-rich carbon nanofibers | |
JP4466549B2 (ja) | 大径化された単層カーボンナノチューブを製造する方法 | |
JP2006240938A (ja) | フッ素修飾2層カーボンナノチューブ | |
Malathi et al. | Purification of multi walled carbon nanotubes (mwcnts) synthesized by arc discharge set up | |
JP2001288624A (ja) | カーボンナノファイバーおよび水素吸蔵材 | |
JP2004230274A (ja) | 水素吸蔵材料の製造方法及び水素吸蔵材料 | |
Matlhoko et al. | A comparison of purification procedures for multi-walled carbon nanotubes produced by chemical vapour deposition | |
CA2877615A1 (en) | Carbon-containing metal catalyst particles for carbon nanotube synthesis and method of producing the same, catalyst carrier support, and method of producing carbon nanotubes |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20050309 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20060322 |
|
A601 | Written request for extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601 Effective date: 20060621 |
|
A602 | Written permission of extension of time |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602 Effective date: 20060704 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20060921 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20061101 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20061124 |
|
R150 | Certificate of patent or registration of utility model |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150 |
|
LAPS | Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees |