JP3858934B2 - 水性塗料用樹脂組成物、水性塗料及び水性塗料用樹脂組成物の製造方法 - Google Patents
水性塗料用樹脂組成物、水性塗料及び水性塗料用樹脂組成物の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP3858934B2 JP3858934B2 JP2005268392A JP2005268392A JP3858934B2 JP 3858934 B2 JP3858934 B2 JP 3858934B2 JP 2005268392 A JP2005268392 A JP 2005268392A JP 2005268392 A JP2005268392 A JP 2005268392A JP 3858934 B2 JP3858934 B2 JP 3858934B2
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- water
- vinyl
- modified epoxy
- resin
- epoxy ester
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- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 67
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 54
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
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- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
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- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
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- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,1-dicarboxylate;hydron Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C(O)=O)CCCCC1 QYQADNCHXSEGJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCCC1C(O)=O QSAWQNUELGIYBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XBZSBBLNHFMTEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1CCCC(C(O)=O)C1 XBZSBBLNHFMTEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyltin Chemical compound CCCC[Sn]CCCC AYOHIQLKSOJJQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethyl-n'-phenylcarbamimidoyl chloride Chemical compound CN(C)C(Cl)=NC1=CC=CC=C1 GEMHFKXPOCTAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
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- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012860 organic pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001181 organosilyl group Chemical group [SiH3]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002080 perylenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=C2C=CC=C3C4=CC=CC5=CC=CC(C1=C23)=C45)* 0.000 description 1
- CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N peryrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=3C2=C2C=CC=3)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 CSHWQDPOILHKBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003018 phosphorus compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001281 polyalkylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006122 polyamide resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002503 polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006380 polyphenylene oxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium persulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O USHAGKDGDHPEEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008165 rice bran oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N ricinelaidic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC[C@@H](O)C\C=C\CCCCCCCC(O)=O WBHHMMIMDMUBKC-XLNAKTSKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003656 ricinoleic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ricinoleic acid Natural products CCCCCCC(O[Si](C)(C)C)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC FEUQNCSVHBHROZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052895 riebeckite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003813 safflower oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000005713 safflower oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004671 saturated fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000003441 saturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940116351 sebacate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L sebacate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCCCCCCCC([O-])=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052711 selenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011669 selenium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Substances [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004334 sorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010199 sorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940075582 sorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVKTUNLPFJHLCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium chromate Chemical compound [Sr+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O NVKTUNLPFJHLCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011145 styrene acrylonitrile resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L succinate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CCC([O-])=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- WYKYCHHWIJXDAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-ethylhexaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OOC(C)(C)C WYKYCHHWIJXDAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003142 tertiary amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert‐butyl hydroperoxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OO CIHOLLKRGTVIJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetrabutylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].CCCC[N+](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC VDZOOKBUILJEDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000003698 tetramethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003566 thiocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NJRXVEJTAYWCQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiomalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(S)C(O)=O NJRXVEJTAYWCQJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002463 transducing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxysilane Chemical group CO[SiH](OC)OC YUYCVXFAYWRXLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylolethane Chemical compound OCC(C)(CO)CO QXJQHYBHAIHNGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I triphosphate(5-) Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O UNXRWKVEANCORM-UHFFFAOYSA-I 0.000 description 1
- AUTOISGCBLBLBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diphosphite Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]P([O-])[O-].[O-]P([O-])[O-] AUTOISGCBLBLBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002383 tung oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006337 unsaturated polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- MFXMOUUKFMDYLM-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dihydrogen phosphate Chemical class [Zn+2].OP(O)([O-])=O.OP(O)([O-])=O MFXMOUUKFMDYLM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)chromium Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O NDKWCCLKSWNDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O XAEWLETZEZXLHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052845 zircon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Description
(1)ビニル重合体部分が結合した脂肪酸鎖を有するビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂であって、ビニル重合体部分が下記一般式(I)で示される末端カルボキシル基含有構造を有し、且つ、下記一般式(I)で示される末端カルボキシル基含有構造の一部又は全部が塩基性化合物で中和されているビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A)と、水を含有してなる水性塗料用樹脂組成物であれば、中和前の樹脂の酸価が15〜40程度の比較的低酸価で、且つ、有機溶剤の含有量がゼロ又は極めて少量であっても、顔料及びビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂の分散安定性に優れるし、耐水性及び耐食性に優れた塗膜を形成できる水性塗料が得られること、及び、
(2)この水性塗料用樹脂組成物は、エポキシ樹脂の有するエポキシ基、又はエポキシ基及び水酸基と、不飽和脂肪酸の有するカルボキシル基とを反応させて得られる不飽和脂肪酸変性エポキシエステル樹脂の有する不飽和結合の一部又は全部に、下記一般式(I)で示される末端カルボキシル基含有構造を有するビニル単量体(a1)とその他のビニル単量体(a2)を重合させて得られるビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)の有機溶剤溶液と、塩基性化合物と、水を用い、前記有機溶剤溶液中のビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)に含有されているカルボキシル基の一部又は全部の塩基性化合物による中和と、ビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)の中和物〔=ビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A)〕の有機溶剤溶液と水との混合によるビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)の中和物の水中への転相乳化を行った後、有機溶剤の一部又は全部を除去することにより容易に製造できること
を見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。
で示される末端カルボキシル基含有構造を有し、且つ、前記一般式(I)で示される末端カルボキシル基含有構造の一部又は全部が塩基性化合物で中和されていることを特徴とする水性塗料用樹脂組成物を提供するものである。
で示される末端カルボキシル基含有構造を有するビニル単量体(a1)とその他のビニル単量体(a2)を重合させて得られるビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)の有機溶剤溶液と、塩基性化合物と、水を用い、前記有機溶剤溶液中のビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)に含有されているカルボキシル基の一部又は全部の塩基性化合物による中和と、ビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)の中和物の有機溶剤溶液と水との混合によるビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)の中和物の水中への転相乳化を行った後、有機溶剤の一部又は全部を除去することを特徴とする水性塗料用樹脂組成物の製造方法を提供するものである。
下記一般式(II)
本発明の水性塗料は、前記した本発明の水性塗料用樹脂組成物と顔料を含有してなる水性塗料であれば良く、例えば、本発明の水性塗料用樹脂組成物に、顔料を添加し、ボールミル、サンドミル、高速インペラー、3本ロール等の練肉装置で練肉させ、必要に応じて金属ドライヤー、レベリング剤、紫外線吸収剤、酸化防止剤等の添加剤や、その他の樹脂類等を添加、混合してなる水性塗料が挙げられる。
攪拌機、温度計、温度調節装置及び窒素導入管を装備した4つ口のフラスコに、脱水ひまし油脂肪酸の160重量部、大豆油脂肪酸の161重量部、エピクロン1050(大日本インキ化学工業株式会社製ビスフェノールA型エポキシ樹脂)の322重量部、無水マレイン酸の7重量部及びトリエチルアミンの0.3重量部を仕込み、攪拌しながら180℃まで昇温した。次いで、脱水状態を見ながら230℃まで昇温させてエステル化させた。樹脂の酸価が10(mgKOH/g)以下になったところで100℃まで冷却し、メチルイソブチルケトンの293重量部を加えて、不飽和脂肪酸変性エポキシエステル樹脂溶液を得た。
水性塗料用樹脂組成物を40℃で1ヶ月間貯蔵した後の外観観察と、粘度測定結果から、以下の基準で評価した。
○:沈殿物なし、粘度上昇なし又は初期粘度に対して粘度上昇が2倍未満。
△:沈殿物なし、初期粘度に対して2倍以上の粘度上昇あり。
×:沈殿物あり。
水性塗料用樹脂組成物中に含まれる有機溶剤を、ガスクロマトグラム(島津製作所製のQP−5050A)で測定し、以下の基準で評価した。
◎:0.1重量%未満。
○:0.1重量%〜3.0重量%未満。
△:3.0重量%〜10重量%未満。
×:10重量%以上。
高速ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(東ソー株式会社製、HLC−8220GPC)を用い、温度40℃、流速1ml/minの条件下で、水性塗料用樹脂組成物中の不揮発分の数平均分子量を測定した。結果を第1表に示す。
使用するビニル単量体、有機溶剤及び塩基性化合物等を下記第1表に記載のものに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で転相乳化まで行った。転相乳化後、減圧下でメチルイソブチルケトン及び水939重量部を除去し、メチルイソブチルケトンが除去された褐色乳濁液を得た。25重量%アンモニア水でpH8.5に調整した後、200メッシュで濾過し、本発明の水性塗料用樹脂組成物(p−2)〔不揮発分:36重量%、中和前のビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)の酸価:23(mgKOH/g)、pH8.5〕を得た。
使用するビニル単量体、有機溶剤及び塩基性化合物等を下記第1表に記載のものに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で転相乳化まで行った。転相乳化後、減圧下でメチルイソブチルケトン及び水939重量部を除去し、メチルイソブチルケトンが除去された褐色乳濁液を得た。25重量%アンモニア水でpH8.5に調整した後、200メッシュで濾過し、本発明の水性塗料用樹脂組成物(p−3)〔不揮発分:36重量%、中和前のビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)の酸価:34(mgKOH/g)、pH8.5〕を得た。
使用するビニル単量体、有機溶剤及び塩基性化合物等を、下記第1表に記載のものに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で転相乳化を行い、有機溶剤としてプロピレングリコールモノイソプロピルエーテルを12.9重量%含有する褐色乳濁液を得た。ジメチルエタノールアミンでpH8.7に調整した後、攪拌しながらイオン交換水の1468.5重量部を少量ずつ添加して、転相乳化させて褐色乳濁液を得た。200メッシュで濾過し、比較用の水性塗料用樹脂組成物(p−4)〔不揮発分:36重量%、中和前のビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂の酸価:35(mgKOH/g)、pH8.7〕を得た。なお、本比較例1は、特許文献1に準拠して製造した水性塗料用樹脂組成物の製造例である。
使用するビニル単量体、有機溶剤及び塩基性化合物等を、下記第1表に記載のものに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で転相乳化まで行った。転相乳化後、減圧下でメチルイソブチルケトン及び水939重量部を除去し、メチルイソブチルケトンが除去された凝集物が観察される白色液体を得た。25重量%アンモニア水でpH8.7に調整した後、200メッシュで濾過し、比較用の水性塗料用樹脂組成物(p−5)〔不揮発分36重量%、中和前のビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂の酸価:35(mgKOH/g)、pH:凝集物が観察される液体であり、正確な測定は不能であった。〕を得た。なお、本比較例2は、特許文献1に準拠して製造した水性塗料用樹脂組成物中のメチルイソブチルケトンを減圧下に除去した場合の製造例である。
使用するビニル単量体、有機溶剤及び塩基性化合物等を、下記第1表に記載のものに変更した以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で転相乳化まで行った。転相乳化後、減圧下でメチルイソブチルケトン及び水939重量部を除去し、メチルイソブチルケトンのほとんどが除去された褐色乳濁液を得た。25重量%アンモニア水でpH8.5に調整した後、200メッシュで濾過し、比較用の水性塗料用樹脂組成物(p−6)〔不揮発分36重量%、中和前のビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂の酸価:60(mgKOH/g)、pH8.5〕を得た。なお、本比較例3は、前記比較例2の水性塗料用樹脂組成物の水分散性の向上を目的とした、酸価の高い水性塗料用樹脂組成物の製造例である。
攪拌機、温度計、温度調節装置、窒素導入管を装備した、4つ口のフラスコに、イオン交換水185重量部を仕込み80℃まで昇温した。滴下ロートからアロニクスM530020重量部、ジメチルエタノールアミン5.9重量部およびスチレン80重量部のモノマー溶液を2時間にわたり滴下した。次いで、4,4−アゾビス−4−シアノバレリック酸1部をジメチルエタノールアミン0.55重量部で中和し、40重量部のイオン交換水に溶解した開始剤溶液をモノマー溶液と同時に滴下した。80℃で5時間攪拌を継続した後冷却し、水性塗料用樹脂組成物(p−7)を得た。なお、本比較例4は、特許文献2に準拠して製造した水性塗料用樹脂組成物の製造例である。
使用するビニル単量体、有機溶剤及び塩基性化合物等を、下記第2表に記載のものに変更した以外は、比較例4と同様の方法で水性塗料用樹脂組成物(p−8)を得た。なお、本比較例5は、前記比較例4の水性塗料用樹脂組成物が常温で造膜できるようにすること目的とした、ガラス転移点のより低い水性塗料用樹脂組成物の製造例である。
使用するビニル単量体、有機溶剤及び塩基性化合物等を、下記第2表に記載のものに変更した以外は、比較例4と同様の方法で水性塗料用樹脂組成物(p−9)を得た。なお、本比較例6は、前記比較例5の水性塗料用樹脂組成物中の樹脂成分の分子量が測定可能となること目的とした、分子量のより低い水性塗料用樹脂組成物の製造例である。
*アロニクスM5300は、東亜合成株式会社製、前記一般式(I)で示される官能基のうちn=2でR1が炭素数5のアルキレン基であるアクリル単量体を示す。
*M−230Gは、新中村化学工業株式会社製のメトキシポリエチレングリコールメタクリレート(エチレンオキサイド構造の平均繰返し数:23)を示す。
実施例1で得られた水性塗料用樹脂組成物(p−1)69.4重量部に、酸化チタン(石原産業株式会社製、タイペークR930)20重量部、炭酸カルシウム(白石産業株式会社製、ホモカルD)30重量部及び消泡剤(サンノプコ株式会社製、SNデフォーマー77)0.5重量部を混合し、サンドミルで30分間練肉して練肉ベースを得た。次いで、この練肉ベースに、水性塗料用樹脂組成物(p−1)69.4重量部、レベリング剤(BYK社製、BYK−346)0.5重量部、レベリング剤(BYK社製、BYK−381)0.5重量部及びドライヤー(大日本インキ化学工業株式会社製、ディックネート3111)0.8重量部をホモディスパーで混合して、水性塗料を調製した。
水性塗料を25℃ので7日間放置した後の水性塗料の顔料沈降状態を観察すると共に、顔料再分散性の有無を調べ、以下の基準で評価した。
◎:顔料の沈降なし。
○:塗料の最上部にクリヤー層発生。
△:顔料の下部に顔料の沈降があるものの、手攪拌により顔料再分散可能。
×:顔料の下部に顔料の沈降があり、手攪拌では顔料再分散不能。
水性塗料を、脱脂した鉄板(日本テストパネル製、SPCC−SD板)上に、乾燥塗膜の膜厚が30μmとなるようにバーコーターで塗装し、常温で7日乾燥して、試験用の塗板を得、得られた塗板を、常温の水中に3日間浸漬した後の外観を観察し、以下の基準で評価した。
◎:塗膜に異常が認められない。
○:塗膜に極僅かに膨れが認められる。
△:塗膜に膨れが認められる。
×:塗膜に膨れ、ハガレが認められる。
前記塗板を、カッターナイフの刃先で、塗膜の上から基材に達するように、交差する2本の切れ目を入れた。35℃における濃度が5重量%の塩化ナトリウム水溶液を、JIS Z2371に規定する噴霧装置を用いて、前記方法で切れ目を入れた塗板に125時間噴霧した。噴霧後、塗板を水洗いし、2時間乾燥させた後、セロハン粘着テープを塗膜に貼付し、セロハン粘着テープを剥がしたときの、塗膜の剥離の程度を下記の基準で評価した。なお、下記評価における剥離幅とは、カッターナイフで入れた切れ目を中心としたときの、塗膜が剥離した幅を示す。
◎:剥離試験の剥離幅が、1mm未満。
○:剥離試験の剥離幅が、1mm以上〜2mm未満。
△:剥離試験の剥離幅が、2mm以上〜4mm未満。
×:剥離試験の剥離幅が、4mm以上。
水性塗料用樹脂組成物(p−1)の代わりに水性塗料用樹脂組成物(p−2)〜(p−4)、(p−6)〜(p−9)のうち第3表及び第4表に示すものをそれぞれ使用する以外は、実施例4と同様の方法で水性塗料を調製した。なお、水性塗料用樹脂組成物(p−5)は、水分散性に劣るため、水性塗料の調製は行わなかった。
*ホモカルDは、白石産業株式会社製の炭酸カルシウムを示す。
*SNデフォーマー777は、サンノプコ株式会社製の消泡剤を示す。
*BYK−346は、BYK社製のレベリング剤を示す。
*BYK−381は、BYK社製のレベリング剤を示す。
*ディックネート3111は、大日本インキ化学工業株式会社製のドライヤーを示す。
Claims (18)
- 前記ビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A)が、15〜40の酸価を有するビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂を塩基性化合物で中和してなる樹脂である請求項1に記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物。
- 前記一般式(I)で示される末端カルボキシル基含有構造が、n=2でR1が炭素数5のアルキレン基である請求項1に記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物。
- 前記ビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A)中における前記一般式(I)で示される末端カルボキシル基含有構造であって、一部又は全部が塩基性化合物で中和されている構造の重量割合が、0.5〜22重量%である請求項1に記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物。
- 前記ビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A)中における前記一般式(II)で示されるポリアルキレンオキサイド構造の重量割合が、1〜10重量%である、請求項4に記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物。
- 前記ビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A)が、1,000〜10,000の数平均分子量を有する樹脂である請求項1に記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物。
- ビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A)及び水と共に有機溶剤を含有し、有機溶剤の含有率が0〜3重量%である請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物。
- 前記ビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A)が、エポキシ樹脂の有するエポキシ基又は水酸基と、不飽和脂肪酸の有するカルボキシル基とを反応して得られる不飽和脂肪酸変性エポキシエステル樹脂の有する不飽和結合の一部又は全部に、前記一般式(I)で示される末端カルボキシル基含有構造を有するビニル単量体とその他のビニル単量体を重合させて得られる樹脂を塩基性化合物で中和してなる樹脂である請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物。
- 請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物と顔料を含有してなることを特徴とする水性塗料。
- エポキシ樹脂の有するエポキシ基、又はエポキシ基及び水酸基と、不飽和脂肪酸の有するカルボキシル基とを反応させて得られる不飽和脂肪酸変性エポキシエステル樹脂の有する不飽和結合の一部又は全部に、下記一般式(I)
で示される末端カルボキシル基含有構造を有するビニル単量体(a1)とその他のビニル単量体(a2)を重合させて得られるビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)の有機溶剤溶液と、塩基性化合物と、水を用い、前記有機溶剤溶液中のビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)に含有されているカルボキシル基の一部又は全部の塩基性化合物による中和と、ビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)の中和物の有機溶剤溶液と水との混合によるビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)の中和物の水中への転相乳化を行った後、有機溶剤の一部又は全部を除去することを特徴とする水性塗料用樹脂組成物の製造方法。 - 前記ビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)の有機溶剤溶液が、前記不飽和脂肪酸変性エポキシエステル樹脂の有する不飽和結合の一部又は全部に、前記一般式(I)で示される末端カルボキシル基含有構造を有するビニル単量体(a1)とその他のビニル単量体(a2)を、有機溶剤中で重合させて得られる有機溶剤溶液
である請求項11に記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物の製造方法。 - 前記塩基性化合物がアンモニア水である請求項11に記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- 前記ビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)が、15〜40の酸価を有する樹脂である請求項11に記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- 前記一般式(I)で示される末端カルボキシル基含有構造が、n=2でR1が炭素数5のアルキレン基である請求項11に記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- 前記ビニル変性エポキシエステル樹脂(A1)中における前記一般式(I)で示される末端カルボキシル基含有構造であって、一部又は全部が塩基性化合物で中和されている構造の重量割合が、0.5〜22重量%である請求項11に記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物の製造方法。
- 有機溶剤の含有率が0〜3重量%となるまで有機溶剤を除去する請求項11〜17のいずれか1項に記載の水性塗料用樹脂組成物の製造方法。
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