JP3008292B2 - Method for producing birch mycelium - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Technical Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method for producing a mycelium of a birch, and particularly a method of cultivating and producing a mycelium of a birch such as birch or birch using a piece of wood (sawdust) as a medium. It is about the method. The birch mycelium produced by cultivation according to the present invention is extremely useful as a cancer suppressant and a food (functional food) base that can be taken as well as naturally occurring birch.

[Background of the Invention]

Cabanoanatake [scientific name: Fuscoporia obliqua (Fr.) Aos
hima] is a mushroom that naturally grows on trees deep in the mountains and grows into a coal-like black mass, but originally inhibits tree growth as a tree cancer. The present inventor has conducted various studies on this mushroom, which has generally been treated as a bad person as a disease of a tree, as to whether there is no way to use it effectively or whether there is a corporate use method with food suitability. As a result, they have found that the mycelium of B. oleracea has an excellent anticancer effect, and that the mycelium has food suitability to give food and drink an anticancer effect.

Birch mushrooms grown and attached to birch species in the natural world were found to have a cancer-suppressing effect by themselves.However, natural products take many years to grow and increase, and when collected, are processed into medicines and foods. Due to the poor processing suitability and the labor and long time required to collect a certain amount of the same material, the use of natural products was not suitable for commercialization in the first place.

For example, when using birch mushroom powder as a substitute for tea, natural products have the disadvantage of being hard with the appearance of a piece of coal, taking a long time to extract components, and taking a long time to grind even when put in food. There was a problem that the flavor was not good.

[Object of the invention]

Accordingly, the present invention, based on the finding that birch mushrooms have an anticancer effect, makes it possible to proliferate them in mass production and use them all year round as containing an active ingredient equivalent to that of natural products, It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for producing a birch mycelium that is effective for obtaining a mycelium of birch which is easy to process into a food (including a beverage) or a medicine.

[Summary of the Invention]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention has conducted various studies and studies on the individuality of a special mushroom called birch mushroom, and as a result of repeated experiments, to obtain a culture containing an active ingredient comparable to natural products, birch birch Or, using birch birch as the main essential medium material, we found that sawdust medium prepared so as not to impair the various components originally contained is a uniquely suitable medium, and as a result, contains active ingredients equivalent to those of natural products. The present invention has established a method for producing a mycelium of B. oleracea, which has high processability and high quality of the obtained product (in the form of food or medicine).

(Embodiment of the invention)

An embodiment of the method for producing a mycelium of the birch birch according to the present invention will be described.

Preparation of culture medium: In order to prepare a culture medium uniquely suited for cultivation of birch, the birch (birch or birch birch) wood chips, or sawdust, are placed in a mini-container of 432 cm ³ in four cups, and 100 cc of slaked lime is added thereto. Add 1/2 cup of Nuka in the same mini-container and stir, and add water so that the water content is about 70% of the whole mixture. At this time, another commercially available hyphal growth promoter safe to the animal body may be added.
(For example, wheat bran etc.) The above mixture is placed in a heat-resistant bag or container, and heated so as to be sterile. Usually put in a steam steamer (retort container may be used) at 100 ° C for 8 hours. This steaming is for sterilization, and does not elute and remove various wood components originally contained in birch or birch birch, particularly compounds or polysaccharides having a phenolic hydroxyl group or alkoxy. What was sterilized in the above manner was used as a sawdust medium,
This is cooled before inoculation. At the time of cooling, the outside air is sucked into the bag or container, so care must be taken not to enter various bacteria.

Inoculation: When the central temperature of the sawdust medium drops to the growth temperature of birch hyphae, preferably 20 ° C. or less, pure mycelium of birch mushrooms is inoculated. Create a room where the surroundings can maintain a sterile environment, and cover the bag or container containing the medium.
Instruments such as spoons for inoculation are baked and sterilized to prevent germs. Worker's hands should be disinfected with alcohol or the like, put on a mask, put on a white coat, etc., so as to prevent falling and mixing of various bacteria. When inoculating, in the middle of the medium floor, place a hole with a diameter of about 2 to 3 cm downward (in the case of a bag, do not break the bag)
Open it.

If the medium is about 15 cm in height and one side of the bottom is about 10 c square,
It is preferable to form a hole having a diameter of about 2 to 3 cm in the center at a depth of about 10 cm, because the mycelium can be grown on the sawdust medium more quickly. At the time of inoculation, it is convenient to disperse the hyphae at the hole so that the hyphae also scatter on the upper surface of the medium. Even in the case of a large medium (assuming a depth of 15 cm), a diameter of 2 to 10 cm
It is good to make a hole of 3cm and depth of about 10cm.

As a comparative example, an experiment was performed using sawdust of trees other than birch. That is, using a medium made of sawdust such as deciduous trees (eg, beech and oak) and fir pine, the same method as that performed on the birch medium was tested, but in the medium of sawdust other than these birch species, the mycelium of birch was not grown. could not. From this, it is recognized that the use of birch trees, particularly birch and birch birch wood chips (sawdust), as the main essential material for the culture medium is a necessary condition in order to artificially grow birch hyphae. .

Growth: The medium inoculated as described above is preferably kept at a temperature of 13 ° C. to 33 ° C. Mycelium does not grow well, even if it is too cold. As a guideline for cultivation on a corporate scale, it is recommended to control the temperature at around 20 ° C. If the indoor temperature is around 20 ° C, there is little scattering of bacteria and mold, and there is a danger that the culture medium is violated during the culture. Is reduced.

The culture placed in the container is raised on a shelf with good air circulation,
Irrigation once or twice a day, and try to maintain indoor humidity of 80% or more. Sprinkle water twice a day without drying the floor.

Although it depends on the size of the sawdust medium, the hypha usually grows white in the medium in about four months and fills the entire surface of the medium.

Collection: The grown mycelium can be appropriately collected, processed and used for a specific purpose. The mycelium cultured in the white birch waste medium is easier to pulverize by freeze-drying or the like than the mycelium cultured in the liquid medium, and the powder can be kept in a dry state for a long time and has good storage stability.
The use of the birch sawdust medium as described above suggests that the resulting birch mycelium contains a potent active ingredient comparable to that of natural products, as described in the mouse experiments described below.

Next, an anti-cancer test of the mycelium of B. aeruginosa cultured and collected by the method of the present invention is shown for reference.

[Anti-cancer test]

The cultured mycelium of the birch mushroom produced as described above was subjected to an anti-cancer test using mice.

Objective of the test: To evaluate the in vivo (in vivo) antitumor effect of the extract from the birch mushroom Fuscoporia obliqua (Fr.) Aoshima in a system using a mouse experimental tumor.

Test method: 1. Experimental animal BALB / c mouse (male) 5 to 6 weeks old 2. Experimental tumor Meth A fibrosarcoma (methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma) 3. Administration method of cabanoanatake extract Preparation method: Sample (from medium) 300 g of the collected mycelia and the mycelium-engrafted sawdust were extracted with distilled water 3 at 100 ° C. for 20 minutes. After filtration, it was stored at -20 ° C until use. A solution similarly extracted from a piece of wood (sawdust) having no hyphae was used as a control.

Administration route: oral ingestion 4. Therapeutic experiment Tumor cells in BALB / c mice (2 × 10 ^{6 for} Meth A)
Was implanted subcutaneously in the right flank, and from day 9 (Meth A) after the transplantation, the birch mushroom extract (treatment group) or the control extract (control group) was freely taken. Twice a week, measure the tumor volume,
The control group and the treatment group were compared.

5. Measurement of tumor volume The major axis and minor axis of the tumor mass were measured with calipers and calculated by the following formula.

Tumor volume (mm ² ) = 1/2 × (major axis) × (minor axis) ² 6. Statistical significance test Mann-Whitney U-test (P <0.05) Comparative result: Treatment experiment for Meth A FIG. The tumor growth curves of the control group and the treatment group were shown. The tumor volume of the treatment group was suppressed with a statistically significant difference (P <0.05) from day 16 after tumor implantation.

Note: The change in tumor volume in the group that had free access to tap water instead of the extract was similar to the control group in this experiment.

Conclusion: The antitumor effect of the birch mushroom extract was evaluated by ingesting the tumor-bearing mice orally freely, and it was clearly effective against Meth A (methylcholanthrene-induced fibrosarcoma).

Thus, it is recognized that the extract of the mycelium of the birch Betula cultivated by the method of the present invention has a clear anticancer effect as shown in FIG. 1 by the method of oral free intake. The mycelium obtained in the birch sawdust medium according to the present invention is naturally ingested from the mouth as a drug or food, in that the mouse experiment was performed not by gavage of the mycelium extract but by oral ingestion. It has properties (taste, fragrance, etc.) suitable for the above, and shows that a medicinal ingredient acts strongly in vivo. The nature of ingestion naturally by the mouth allows a wide range of applications where the mycelium cultured by the method of the present invention can be processed as an orally ingestible product such as an anticancer food or medicine.

[Application]

Until now, birch mushrooms have not been taken out of the forest as birch cancers, but based on their findings that they have an inhibitory effect on animal cancers, they seem to industrially produce large amounts of cultures equivalent to those produced naturally. This is the present invention.

Referring to application examples of the cultured mycelium of the present invention, humans, for example, stomach cancer, weight 60
It is recognized that there is an anticancer effect when brewing with the same amount of water and drinking about 6 kg (20 g / day) per month with a person of Kg as a standard. It is important for clothing to be able to drink naturally as an aqueous solution. The cultured mycelium of the present invention is superior to liquid cultures because it can be easily powdered by, for example, a freeze-drying method and the powder can be kept in a dry state for a long period of time.

Although there are various applications as foods, in order to produce food contaminants, first, a sawdust culture of birch is obtained by heating and drying under a condition that does not cause discoloration, or by vacuum low-temperature drying by a known technique. At this time, the culture of the birch mushroom may be appropriately heat-sterilized at 100 ° C. and then dried. If the heat drying is not performed at a temperature that does not cause discoloration, the flavor is not good and food suitability is impaired. When dried at high temperatures, it becomes burnt and the active ingredients are reduced.

As described above, when the cultured dried birch mycelium mycelium is packed in, for example, a tea bag, mushroom tea that can be easily commercialized is produced and can be taken on a daily basis, which is convenient for a healthy life. Since the dried culture is in the form of particles, it is easy to carry out various post-processing, and if necessary, further pulverized or extracted to obtain various foods or drinks (in this specification, drinks and drinks). (Collectively referred to as "foods").

Examples of foods that can be mixed with the cultured birch extract include gum, caramel, candy, chocolate,
Jam, noodles, miso, drinks, pet food, meat dumplings, liquid food for the sick, seasonings, bread, donut, juice, egg, grilled sausage, ham, laver tsukudani, dango, kibi-dango, wine, beer, shochu, whisky,
Green tea, bancha, matcha and so on. By mixing the above-mentioned food with the powder or extract of the cultured dried birch mushroom of the present invention, it does not cause off-flavor and odor, etc. be able to.

〔The invention's effect〕

As described above, the present invention has paved the way for utilizing pathogens of trees, which had not been considered before, as anticancer substances for animals, and has developed a method for speedy artificial propagation of effective mycelium, which is difficult in nature. A mycelium containing a powerful active ingredient as well as natural products, which cannot be obtained by conventional liquid culture, and which can not be obtained by conventional liquid culture. In this respect, its inventive value can be evaluated to be significant.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows the results of a tumor treatment experiment (black circles) using mice to which a birch mushroom culture according to the present invention was orally freely ingested.
In the graph shown in comparison with the control example (open circles), the vertical axis represents tumor volume (mm ² ), and the horizontal axis represents days after tumor implantation.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] 1. A mixture of birch trees selected from the group consisting of birch and birch birch (sawdust) as the main essential medium material, to which lime and rice bran are added, and the mixture obtained by adjusting the water content is heat-resistant. Into a container or bag, and heat-sterilize the mixture so as not to impair the components originally contained in the main essential medium material.Then, cool the mixture to the growth temperature of the mycelium of the birch, and prepare a sawdust medium. A method for producing a Mycobacterium velutipes mycelium, comprising inoculating the sawdust medium with pure mycelia of a Mycobacterium velutipes, growing the mycelium of the Mycobacterium velutipes in culture, and collecting a mycelium containing an active ingredient equivalent to the grown natural product.