JP2622710B2 - Rearing method of mature rice seedlings - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for growing mature rice seedlings.
The present invention relates to a method for growing mature rice seedlings in which seedling beds and soil cover are made different in fertilizer content in a seedling raising box and most of the required fertilizer is retained in the soil cover.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, paddy rice seedlings for mechanical rice planting have been prepared using commercially available soil-based or non-soil-based fertilizer-containing materials, or using a nursery box (internal method: 58 cm x 28 cm x 3 cm). A fertilizer component is mixed with sterilized soil, and a pH-adjusted one is used as a sowing bed. After sowing, the soil is covered and seedlings are grown. As the covering soil, the soil is used for both the case where the seed bed is a soil system and the case where the seed bed is a non-soil system, and when the seed bed is a soil system, it is common to use the same soil. In many cases, the entire amount of required fertilizer is contained in the seedbed and no fertilizer is added to the cover soil.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, with a seedbed adjusted by individual farmers,
It is often observed that excessive fertilizer components cause germination disorders, poor germination, fertilization and other disorders, and conversely, lead to a lack of fertilizer. In addition, fertilizer-based materials generally have poor fertilizer holding power, so that large amounts of fertilizer are easily eluted at one time, and there is a high risk of damage due to excess fertilizer components. In such cases, the fertilizer addition method has not been technically completed, leaving a problem that the runoff of the fertilizer component is large, etc., and is a cause of obstacles.

In recent years, especially in cold regions, paddy rice seedlings have been box-raised to middle or mature seedlings and then transplanted. In order to raise paddy rice seedlings between middle seedlings and adult seedlings, the seedling raising period is long and the amount of required fertilizer increases, and if the entire amount is kept on the seeding bed in advance, there is a risk of causing trouble due to excess fertilizer Therefore, the amount of fertilizer on the seeding bed is reduced, and usually one or two additional fertilizers are required. Therefore,
There is a need for a method of box raising seedlings up to middle-aged seedlings without additional fertilization.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems in the related art. That is, the present invention has been made by paying attention to the fact that an obstacle due to an excess of fertilizer components such as fertilization in a conventional method occurs due to contact between a root and a high-concentration salt solution, and the purpose thereof is An object of the present invention is to provide a method for growing rice seedlings in middle of paddy rice, in which all or most of the required fertilizer is retained in a cover soil portion that does not directly contact, and no additional fertilizer is required and there is no excessive obstacle to fertilizer.

Means and Action for Solving the Problems The method for growing middle-aged rice seedlings of the present invention comprises:
Seed paddy is sown on a seeding bed containing nitrogen (N), phosphoric acid (P ₂ O ₅ ), and kali (K ₂ O) in an amount of 0 to 0.1 g per 100 cm ^{3 of the} seed bed constituting material, and then nitrogen (N), phosphoric acid (P ₂ O ₅ ) and Kari (K ₂ O) are each covered with soil for covering containing 0.2 to 1.0% by weight.

In the present invention, as a sowing bed constituent material for constituting a sowing bed, any of a soil-based material and a non-soil-based material can be used.As the soil-based material, soil such as mountain soil and field soil, Adjusted to around pH 5 and granulated to a particle size of about 5 to 32 mesh using a water-soluble glue such as polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, etc. Examples thereof include those obtained by mixing and granulating, and those obtained by simply sterilizing the soil and adjusting the pH. As the non-soil-based material, rock wool, wood pulp, foamed urea resin, or the like, which is formed into a mat shape, or the like can be used.

The seeding bed does not contain any fertilizer components, or contains 0.1 g or less of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium per 100 cm ^{3 of the} seedbed constituting material. Inclusion of more than 0.1 g of a fertilizer component results in wasteful use of the fertilizer component and may cause trouble due to excessive fertilizer component.

On the other hand, as the soil for covering soil, a soil in which a fertilizer component is held at a high concentration is used. That is, the soil for covering soil contains nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium as fertilizer components in an amount of 0.2 to 0.2, respectively.
Use the one held at 1.0% by weight. This holding amount means that when 1 kg of soil is covered using a seedling box of the above standard, 2 to 10 g of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium are held per box, which is necessary for middle seedling or adult seedling growing. All or most of the fertilizer components. If the amount of each fertilizer component is less than 0.2% by weight, the fertilizer effect cannot be sufficiently exhibited, and if it is more than 1.0% by weight, the fertilizer effect is saturated, and there is a risk of excessive damage.

As the fertilizer component to be retained, a commonly used fertilizer component can be used, and a slow-release fertilizer component or a slow-release fertilizer whose supply rate is adjusted by physical means such as coating can also be used.

The soil for covering soil is sterilized, pH-adjusted, and retains the above amount of the fertilizer component. Preferably, the soil is granulated to a particle size of 5 to 32 mesh. In order for the fertilizer component held at a high concentration in the covering soil to be gradually supplied to the floor portion in a required amount by watering or the like, it is desirable that the soil for covering soil is granulated. In addition, the soil for covering soil is preferably as high as the fertilizer holding power. The fertilizer holding power is based on the base substitution capacity, and is preferably used as long as the base substitution capacity is 40 me / 100 g or more.

Further, humus, a highly water-absorbing resin, and the like can be added to the covering soil in order to adjust the fertilizer holding power and the water holding power.

In practicing the present invention, the rice nursery boxes, firstly, as a fertilizer component, nitrogen, phosphate, potash, respectively per Material 100 cm ³ stuffed with seedbed structure materials containing 0~0.1g forming a seedbed, rice seeds Sowing. Then, the soil is covered with soil for soil containing 0.2 to 1.0% by weight of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium each to about 0.7 cm.

Paddy rice seedling boxes are standardized along with the standardization of rice planting machines, and the standard is 58 cm x 28 cm x 3 cm, which is used nationwide. When performing, with the above seeding bed constituent materials, make a seeding bed about 2cm thick, sow seed rice on the seeding bed,
After that, the above soil for covering soil containing fertilizer component in high concentration
The soil is covered so that the amount of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium is ^{2 to} 10 g per 1624 cm ² , that is, per box. This is all or most of the amount of the fertilizer component required for middle or adult seedlings.

Conventionally, when using both soil-based materials and non-soil-based materials, the fertilizer components required for raising seedlings are mainly mixed in the seedbed and, if necessary, applied as topdressing. In the invention, to the seedbed constituent material, fertilizer components are not added, or a part of the required amount,
That is, seedbeds construction materials 100 cm ³ per nitrogen, phosphoric acid,
And only 0.1g or less of each is held. In this way, the sowing bed where the roots come into contact does not hold the fertilizer component at all, or the amount is greatly reduced as compared with the conventional method, eliminating the risk of failure due to excess fertilizer, In addition, it is possible to easily use a non-soil-based material that does not easily hold a fertilizer component. In addition, the soil for covering soil contains all or most of the fertilizer components in an amount necessary to grow into middle-growing seedlings. It will be used effectively for raising seedlings or adult seedlings. Therefore, it is possible to maintain the required growing period and the fertilizer effect.

Examples Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples. In addition,% means weight%.

Example 1 A mixed soil having a base substitution capacity of 62me / 100g was pulverized and sieved to 40 mesh or less.
The mixture was adjusted to 0.5% nitrogen, 0.3% each of phosphoric acid and potassium, and adjusted to pH5. Furthermore, a low-polymerized polyvinyl alcohol is used as a 3% aqueous solution in an amount of 0.3
%, Then granulate to 5-32 mesh,
It was sterilized and dried by heating to obtain soil for soil covering.

Mountain soil that had been sterilized and adjusted to pH 5 was packed to a thickness of 2 cm in a paddy rice seedling box of the above-mentioned standard, seeded with 120 g of seed germ paddy, sufficiently irrigated, and covered with 1 kg of the above-mentioned soil cultivation soil.

In a germinator set at 32 ° C, leave for 2 days to germinate,
The seedlings were raised for 35 days and the growth state was investigated.

There is no germination disorder and irregular growth, and it grows smoothly,
The leaf color was also good. The survey results 35 days later were as follows:

Plant height 17.2cm Number of leaves 3.5 First leaf sheath height 3.2cm Second leaf sheath height 6.8cm Foliage dry weight 24.0mg / piece Example 2 A mixed soil having a base substitution capacity of 48me / 100g was crushed, sieved to 40 mesh or less, and ammonium sulfate was sieved. , Heavy burning phosphorus, and chloride potassium
Nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium are each mixed to be 0.2%, pH5
Was adjusted. Further, low-polymerized polyvinyl alcohol was added as a 3% aqueous solution so as to have a concentration of 0.15% based on the total amount of the soil for covering, and then granulated to 5 to 32 mesh, sterilized, and dried by heating to obtain a soil for covering. .

A pulp mat for paddy rice seedlings containing commercially available fertilizers (nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium each 0.0511 g / 100.
cm ³ ), and after sufficient watering, germinate seeds 120
g was sown, and 0.5 was further irrigated to level the paddy and covered with 1 kg of the above-mentioned soil cultivation.

In a germinator set at 32 ° C, leave for 2 days to germinate,
The seedlings were raised for 35 days and the growth state was investigated.

No germination disorder or irregular growth was observed, and the leaf color was good. The survey results 35 days later were as follows:

Plant height 16.7cm Number of leaves 3.2 First leaf sheath height 3.2cm Second leaf sheath height 6.5cm Foliage dry weight 21.8mg / piece Example 3 In a paddy rice nursery box of the above standard, a 2cm thick granular soil (Nitrogen, phosphoric acid, Kali 0.061 each) g / 100cm ³ containing) in the packed,
A seedbed was used. After seeding 80 g of the seed germ paddy and sufficiently irrigating, the soil was covered with 1 kg of soil for cultivation in Example 1.

In a germinator set at 32 ° C, leave for 2 days to germinate,
The seedlings were raised for 45 days and the growth state was investigated.

No germination failure or irregular growth was observed, and no fading of leaf color was observed to the end. The results of the investigation 45 days later were as follows:

Plant height 17.9cm Number of leaves 4.6 First leaf sheath height 2.7cm Second leaf sheath height 6.1cm Foliage dry weight 35.7mg / piece Example 4 A mixed soil having a base substitution capacity of 56me / 100g was crushed, sieved to 40 mesh or less, and CDU was sieved. , Ammonium sulfate, heavy-burning phosphorus, and potassium chloride were mixed to adjust the pH to 5 by mixing 0.2% of CDU nitrogen, 0.2% of ammonia nitrogen, 0.3% of phosphoric acid and 0.3% of potassium.
Further, low-polymerized polyvinyl alcohol was added as a 3% aqueous solution so as to have a concentration of 0.5% based on the total amount of the soil for covering, and then granulated to 5 to 32 mesh, sterilized, and dried by heating to obtain a soil for covering. .

The paddy rice nursery box of the above-mentioned standard was packed with 2.25 kg of granular soil, seeded with 80 g of seed germ paddy, sufficiently irrigated, and covered with 1 kg of the soil for soil covering.

In a germinator set at 32 ° C, leave for 2 days to germinate,
The seedlings were raised for 45 days and the growth state was investigated.

No germination disorder or irregular growth was observed, and the leaf color was good to the end. The results of the investigation 45 days later were as follows:

Plant height 18.2cm Number of leaves 4.6 First leaf sheath height 2.9cm Second leaf sheath height 6.4cm Foliage dry weight 36.5mg / present Effect of the present invention As described above, the present invention does not add any fertilizer component, or A method for growing paddy rice seedlings and adult seedlings in which soil for covering soil containing a high concentration of fertilizer components is combined. Inhibition by fertilizer components can be avoided without producing a concentrated salt solution. In addition, non-soil-based materials having low fertilizer holding power can be effectively used as a sowing bed. In addition, since the soil for covering soil contains all or most of the fertilizer components necessary for growing middle and adult seedlings, it is possible to extend the growing period in the nursery box without additional fertilizing effort. In addition, the consumption of more fertilizer than necessary is avoided.

Claims (1)

(57) [Claims] Claims: 1. Seed paddy is sown on a sowing bed containing nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium as fertilizer components in an amount of 0 to 0.1 g per 100 cm ^{3 of the} material constituting the sowing bed. A method for breeding mature rice seedlings, comprising covering the soil with a soil for covering containing a weight percent.