JP2622849B2 - Methods of raising rice seedlings and their materials - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a method for growing rice seedlings using an inorganic fiber mat and a material thereof.

(Prior art) Conventionally, paddy rice seedlings for mechanical rice planting were prepared using commercially available seedling boxes (internal method: 58 cm x 28 cm x 3 cm), commercially available soil-based or non-soil-based materials, or soil sterilized by farmers. A fertilizer component is added to the mixture, and a pH-adjusted one is used as a seeding bed. As the soil for covering soil, a commercially available soil-based material or a farmer-adjusted soil is used regardless of whether the seeding bed is a soil-based or non-soil-based soil. Although it is contained, in the case of a farmer-adjusted soil, it is common that the entire amount of the required fertilizer is supplied from the seeding bed without adding a fertilizer component. Many non-soil-based materials generally have lower fertilizer holding power than soil-based materials.

Recently, as a kind of non-soil-based material, an inorganic fiber mat made by adding a fertilizer component to inorganic fibers such as rock wool and forming it into a mat shape according to the shape of the nursery box is lightweight and easy to handle. Has attracted attention.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) However, this inorganic fiber mat also tends to elute a large amount of fertilizer at a time, and thus not only loses fertilizer components due to runoff, but also in the early stage of seedling raising that does not require much fertilizer. However, there was a problem that a disorder caused by excess fertilizer components was observed, and on the contrary, in the latter half of the seedling raising period where fertilizer absorption was strong, on the other hand, there was a tendency to exhibit fattening symptoms.

The present invention has been made by paying attention to the fact that an obstacle caused by excess salt such as fertilization in a conventional method for growing rice seedlings is caused by contact between a root portion and a high-concentration salt solution. It is an object of the present invention to provide a growing method without excessive obstacle of fertilizer and a material therefor.

(Means for Solving the Problems) The present inventors have found that the problem in the prior art is that by retaining the necessary fertilizer components in the soil covering part that does not directly contact the root in the seedling raising using an inorganic fiber mat as a seedbed. It has been found that this is solved, and the present invention has been completed.

In the method for growing rice seedlings of the present invention, after seeding on a seeding bed made of an inorganic fiber mat without a fertilizer component, the soil is covered with soil for soil containing 0.05 to 0.3% by weight of each of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium as fertilizer components. It is characterized by the following.

Preferred as a rice seedling raising material used in the present invention, the seeding bed is made of a rock wool mat without a fertilizer component, and the soil for covering soil is nitrogen, phosphoric acid, as a fertilizer component.
It consists of granulated artificial soil containing 0.05 to 0.3% by weight of Kari.

Thus, in the present invention, the inorganic fiber mat having poor fertilizer holding ability can be effectively used for growing rice seedlings. In other words, no fertilizer is added to the inorganic fiber mat which becomes the seeding floor portion in contact with the root portion, and the fertilizer component is gradually supplied to the root portion by irrigation, etc. Excessive failure and fattening can be avoided.

 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.

The seeding bed made of the inorganic fiber mat with no added fertilizer component according to the present invention is formed by processing the inorganic fiber such as rock wool into a mat without adding the fertilizer component. As inorganic fibers, for example, rock wool, glass wool,
In particular, blast furnace slag and / or natural rocks such as basalt, andesite, and diorite are melted by a cupola, an electric furnace, etc., and centrifugal force and / or air are used. Rock wool (also referred to as rock wool, slag wool, or mineral wool) blown with a fluid pressure of steam or the like is preferable. Such an inorganic fiber such as rock wool is a fiber aggregate in which fibers are accumulated in a layered form, and in order to form a seeding bed, it may be formed into a mat shape with a polymer binder. Examples of the polymer-based binder include thermosetting resins such as phenolic resin, melamine resin, and urea resin, and thermoplastic resins such as acrylic resin and vinyl acetate resin. Resins are preferred.

Fertilizer components are not added to the seedbed made of the inorganic fiber mat used in the present invention, but various additives such as surfactants and hydrophilicity imparting agents such as higher alcohols such as sulfuric acid and citric acid are added as necessary. A pH adjuster such as an acid, humic acid, nitrohumic acid, and peat moss may be added. The seeding bed made of an inorganic fiber mat has a bulk density of 50 to 100 kg / m ³ and preferably has a vertical fiber orientation in order to improve root penetration.

For the growth of rice seedlings according to the present invention, a seeding bed made of a fertilizer-free inorganic fiber mat is set in a nursery box, irrigated and sown, and covered with soil for soil covering about 0.7 cm containing fertilizer components, It is performed by watering.

In the present invention, as described above, since all the necessary amount of the fertilizer component is covered by the covered soil without adding any fertilizer component to the seeding bed, a soil having a high fertilizer holding power is used as the soil for covering soil. preferable. The fertilizer holding power is based on the base substitution capacity, and preferably has a fertilizer holding power of 40 me / 100 g or more.

The soil for covering soil used in the present invention contains nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium as fertilizer components in an amount of 0.05 to 0.3% by weight, respectively. This amount of storage, when 1 kg of soil is covered per box, will supply 0.5 to 3 kg of nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium for each box, which is a necessary and sufficient amount for growing. The soil for covering soil may be a natural soil to which the above-mentioned fertilizer component is added, and preferably, an artificial soil obtained by sterilizing the soil, adjusting the pH, adding a fertilizer, and granulating the soil to a particle size of 5 to 24 mesh is used. At the time of granulation, it is also useful to add humus or an auxiliary in order to adjust the fertilizer holding power and water retention. Although a slow-release fertilizer may be used as a fertilizer component, when using an artificial soil as described above, even when using a normal fertilizer as a fertilizer component,
The dissolution rate is preferably slowed down and the fertilizer is supplied to the seedlings of rice seedlings during the required growing period.

(Examples) Hereinafter, specific examples of the present invention will be described.

Pulverize the mixed clay with a base substitution capacity of 42me / 100g, sieve it to 40 mesh or less, mix ammonium sulfate, heavy calcined phosphorus, and potassium chloride in nitrogen, phosphoric acid, and potassium each to be 0.2%, and adjust to PH5. Further, an aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol was added so as to have a concentration of 0.15%, and the mixture was granulated to 8 to 32 mesh, sterilized, and dried by heating to obtain soil for covering soil.

2% by weight of a phenol resin as a polymer binder and 0.5% by weight of polyoxyethylene nonylphenyl ether as a hydrophilicity-imparting agent were added to rock wool,
Without adding fertilizer components, heat at about 250 ℃ for 10 minutes,
A substrate having a bulk density of 80 kg / m ³ was produced. This base material was cut into a size of 58 cm × 28 cm × 1.8 cm according to the method in a nursery box, to give a rock wool mat in which the orientation direction of the fibers was vertical and no fertilizer component was added. This rock wool mat is set in a seedling box as a seeding bed, and after watering 2 per box, seeding 200 g of seed germination paddy, further irrigating the paddy with 0.5, allowing the paddy to habituate, and covering the soil with 1 kg of the above soil cultivation. Then, the seedlings were placed in a germinator set at 32 ° C. for 2 days for germination and grown for 21 days. The results are shown in the table below.

For comparison, a rock wool mat containing 1.6 g of nitrogen, 1 g of phosphoric acid, and 1 g of kali per mat was manufactured by adding ammonium sulfate, phosphorus phosphate, and potassium sulfate during the manufacture of the above rock wool mat. When the soil is sterilized and adjusted to PH5 on a row wool mat (Comparative Example 1),
In addition, when the fertilizer-containing rock wool mat was covered with 1 kg of granular soil containing 0.04% of nitrogen, 0.1% of phosphoric acid and 0.1% of potassium (Comparative Example 2), the seeds were sown and grown under the same conditions as in the above example. The states were compared.

In each case, no germination disorder or irregular growth was observed, and the results of the 21st day investigation were as shown in the following table.

In the case of the embodiment of the present invention, the initial fertilizer absorption is suppressed,
The amount of fertilizer in the box is shorter than that in Comparative Example 2 in which the plant height and the first leaf sheath height are shorter,
It has a rich and rich seedling with many leaves and foliage.

(Effect of the Invention) The method for raising rice seedlings of the present invention and the materials thereof described above are characterized in that no fertilizer is added to the inorganic fiber mat as a sowing floor portion in contact with the root portion, and the whole amount of the fertilizer component is added to the covering soil portion. Since the fertilizer component is retained, the fertilizer component is gradually eluted by irrigation or the like and supplied to the mat portion, without causing excessive salt damage at the early stage of growing, and it is possible to retain the fertilizer component until the end of growing, In addition, the inorganic fiber mat having poor fertilizer holding ability can be effectively used for growing rice seedlings.

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] (1) paddy rice characterized by being sowed on a seedbed made of an inorganic fiber mat containing no fertilizer component and then covered with soil for soil containing 0.05 to 0.3% by weight of each of nitrogen, phosphoric acid and potassium as fertilizer components. How to grow seedlings. 2. The method for growing rice seedlings according to claim 1, wherein the soil for covering soil containing a fertilizer component is granulated artificial soil. 3. A sowing bed comprising a rock wool mat to which no fertilizer component is added, wherein the seed soil is a rock wool mat to which no fertilizer component is added.
A paddy rice seedling raising material characterized by being granulated artificial soil containing up to 0.3% by weight.