JP2022535256A - リチウムイオン電池及びその他の用途のための電極 - Google Patents
リチウムイオン電池及びその他の用途のための電極 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022535256A JP2022535256A JP2021571704A JP2021571704A JP2022535256A JP 2022535256 A JP2022535256 A JP 2022535256A JP 2021571704 A JP2021571704 A JP 2021571704A JP 2021571704 A JP2021571704 A JP 2021571704A JP 2022535256 A JP2022535256 A JP 2022535256A
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- electrode
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- solid electrolyte
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- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 57
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 53
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 319
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 250
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 100
- -1 poly(ethylene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 94
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 claims description 76
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 64
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 59
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 50
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 17
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003490 calendering Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamic acid Chemical group NC(O)=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920003229 poly(methyl methacrylate) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 229920005569 poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium sulfate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O INHCSSUBVCNVSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910003473 lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F QSZMZKBZAYQGRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium fluoride Chemical compound [Li+].[F-] PQXKHYXIUOZZFA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nitrate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O IIPYXGDZVMZOAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001467 poly(styrenesulfonates) Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229960002796 polystyrene sulfonate Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011970 polystyrene sulfonate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910013188 LiBOB Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002102 lithium manganese oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido-oxo-(oxomanganiooxy)manganese Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Mn](=O)O[Mn]=O VLXXBCXTUVRROQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- SXYRTDICSOVQNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound COCCOC(C)O SXYRTDICSOVQNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920008347 Cellulose acetate propionate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010631 Li6C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010092 LiAlO2 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010941 LiFSI Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910013131 LiN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001290 LiPF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005687 PMMA-PEG Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- SFKQQYOXXWIJSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Mn++].[Co++].[Ni++] Chemical compound [Li+].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[O--].[Al+3].[Mn++].[Co++].[Ni++] SFKQQYOXXWIJSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002113 barium titanate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000010216 calcium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006217 cellulose acetate butyrate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005524 ceramic coating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- YNQRWVCLAIUHHI-UHFFFAOYSA-L dilithium;oxalate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O YNQRWVCLAIUHHI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021389 graphene Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydridophosphorus(.) (triplet) Chemical compound [PH] BHEPBYXIRTUNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium acetate Chemical compound [Li+].CC([O-])=O XIXADJRWDQXREU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001540 lithium hexafluoroarsenate(V) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium iodide Inorganic materials [Li+].[I-] HSZCZNFXUDYRKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021450 lithium metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001486 lithium perchlorate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001386 lithium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;bis(fluorosulfonyl)azanide Chemical compound [Li+].FS(=O)(=O)[N-]S(F)(=O)=O VDVLPSWVDYJFRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- YIXQNMXBGCXSMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;trifluoromethyl acetate Chemical compound [Li].CC(=O)OC(F)(F)F YIXQNMXBGCXSMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[bis(dimethylamino)phosphinimyl]-n-methylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)P(=N)(N(C)C)N(C)C GKTNLYAAZKKMTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005014 poly(hydroxyalkanoate) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trilithium;phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Li+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O TWQULNDIKKJZPH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trifluoro-n-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide Chemical compound FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ZXMGHDIOOHOAAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000572 Lithium Nickel Cobalt Manganese Oxide (NCM) Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 2
- FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] Chemical compound [O-2].[Mn+2].[Co+2].[Ni+2].[Li+] FBDMTTNVIIVBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ARNWQMJQALNBBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium carbide Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[C-]#[C-] ARNWQMJQALNBBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910000625 lithium cobalt oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium;oxido(oxo)cobalt Chemical compound [Li+].[O-][Co]=O BFZPBUKRYWOWDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 abstract description 49
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 abstract description 21
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 56
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 42
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 36
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 32
- 239000011263 electroactive material Substances 0.000 description 28
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 22
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 20
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 20
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 18
- 150000005677 organic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Chemical compound P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 239000010406 cathode material Substances 0.000 description 16
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 16
- ZRPAUEVGEGEPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C=NN(C=1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 ZRPAUEVGEGEPFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- JVKRKMWZYMKVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]pyrazol-1-yl]-N-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)acetamide Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C=NN(C=1)CC(=O)NC1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 JVKRKMWZYMKVTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 14
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000010494 dissociation reaction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000005593 dissociations Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000000157 electrochemical-induced impedance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-fluoro-1,3-dioxolan-2-one Chemical compound FC1COC(=O)O1 SBLRHMKNNHXPHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Carbamate Chemical group NC([O-])=O KXDHJXZQYSOELW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 8
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 8
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000010405 anode material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 8
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 8
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 230000037427 ion transport Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOC ZUHZGEOKBKGPSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DKNRELLLVOYIIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)azanide;1-methyl-1-propylpyrrolidin-1-ium Chemical compound CCC[N+]1(C)CCCC1.FC(F)(F)S(=O)(=O)[N-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F DKNRELLLVOYIIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000006182 cathode active material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002001 electrolyte material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000013112 stability test Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 6
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Images
Classifications
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Abstract
Description
この出願は、2019年7月16日出願の米国通常出願第16/512,502号の優先権の利益を主張する。上記特許出願の全体が参照によって本明細書に組み込まれ、この明細書の一部をなす。
この実施例は電極を示し、下記のように作られる。
この実施例は別の電極を示し、下記のように作られる。
この実施例はさらに別の電極を示し、下記のように作られる。
この実施例はさらに別の電極を示し、下記のように作られる。
この実施例はさらに別の電極を示し、下記のように作られる。
この実施例では、実施例1~5に記載された材料についての様々な分析が行われた。以下はこれらの分析についての説明及び記述であり、限定することを意図していない。
市販の電池は一般的に液体電解質を使用し、液体電解質は細孔に流れ込み、カソード内のカソード粒子と接触することができる。したがって、リチウムイオンは、カソード粒子から電解質へと、またその逆に拡散することができる。
この実施例は別の電極を示し、下記のように作られる。
ステップ4. 不織布(支持構造)をステップ3と同じ方法で浸す。不織布を電解質に65℃で10時間浸す。不織布は電解質に取り囲まれることになり、不織布中の細孔は電解質で満たすことができる。不織布に5分間のUV露光を行う。電解質は硬化して固体電解質を形成することになる。不織布を真空オーブンに55℃で48時間さらすことによって溶媒を蒸発させて電極を形成する。
ステップ4. Al2O3を含む不織布を作製する。アセトン/メタノールを溶媒とする、Al2O3及びPVDFを含む溶液に不織布(支持構造)を浸した後、溶媒を蒸発させる。
実施例8-1のステップ4と同じ方法で、Al2O3を含む不織布を電解質に浸す。
ステップ4. Al2O3及びBTOを含む不織布を作製する。アセトン/メタノールを溶媒とする、BTO及びPVDFを含む溶液に、実施例8-2で作製したAl2O3を含む不織布を浸した後、溶媒を蒸発させる。(又はAl2O3を含む不織布にBTOを被覆してAl2O3及びBTOを含む不織布を得る。そして、実施例8-1のステップ4と同じ方法で、Al2O3及びBTOを含む不織布を電解質に浸す。
実施例8-1~実施例8-3についての0.1Cにおける第1サイクルの容量は180であり、実施例8-1~実施例8-3についての0.2Cにおける第1サイクルの容量は170mAh/gである。実施例8-1~実施例8-3の正電気活性物質は同じであるため、セルの容量は異なる支持構造に影響されない。
この出願は、2019年7月16日出願の米国通常出願第16/512,502号の優先権の利益を主張する。上記特許出願の全体が参照によって本明細書に組み込まれ、この明細書の一部をなす。
この実施例は電極を示し、下記のように作られる。
この実施例は別の電極を示し、下記のように作られる。
この実施例はさらに別の電極を示し、下記のように作られる。
この実施例はさらに別の電極を示し、下記のように作られる。
この実施例はさらに別の電極を示し、下記のように作られる。
この実施例では、実施例1~5に記載された材料についての様々な分析が行われた。以下はこれらの分析についての説明及び記述であり、限定することを意図していない。
市販の電池は一般的に液体電解質を使用し、液体電解質は細孔に流れ込み、カソード内のカソード粒子と接触することができる。したがって、リチウムイオンは、カソード粒子から電解質へと、またその逆に拡散することができる。
この実施例は別の電極を示し、下記のように作られる。
ステップ4. 不織布(支持構造)をステップ3と同じ方法で浸す。不織布を電解質に65℃で10時間浸す。不織布は電解質に取り囲まれることになり、不織布中の細孔は電解質で満たすことができる。不織布に5分間のUV露光を行う。電解質は硬化して固体電解質を形成することになる。不織布を真空オーブンに55℃で48時間さらすことによって溶媒を蒸発させて電極を形成する。
ステップ4. Al2O3を含む不織布を作製する。アセトン/メタノールを溶媒とする、Al2O3及びPVDFを含む溶液に不織布(支持構造)を浸した後、溶媒を蒸発させる。
実施例8-1のステップ4と同じ方法で、Al2O3を含む不織布を電解質に浸す。
ステップ4. Al2O3及びBTOを含む不織布を作製する。アセトン/メタノールを溶媒とする、BTO及びPVDFを含む溶液に、実施例8-2で作製したAl2O3を含む不織布を浸した後、溶媒を蒸発させる。(又はAl2O3を含む不織布にBTOを被覆してAl2O3及びBTOを含む不織布を得る。そして、実施例8-1のステップ4と同じ方法で、Al2O3及びBTOを含む不織布を電解質に浸す。
実施例8-1~実施例8-3についての0.1Cにおける第1サイクルの容量は180であり、実施例8-1~実施例8-3についての0.2Cにおける第1サイクルの容量は170mAh/gである。実施例8-1~実施例8-3の正電気活性物質は同じであるため、セルの容量は異なる支持構造に影響されない。
Claims (101)
- 粒子と固体電解質とを含む電極であって、前記粒子間の隙間の少なくとも50vol%が前記固体電解質を含む、ことを特徴とする電極。
- 前記粒子が正電気活性物質を含む、請求項1に記載の電極。
- 前記隙間の少なくとも75vol%が前記固体電解質を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の電極。
- 前記隙間の少なくとも90vol%が前記固体電解質を含む、請求項1乃至3のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記隙間の少なくとも95vol%が前記固体電解質を含む、請求項1乃至4のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記粒子の少なくとも一部がリチウムを含む、請求項1乃至5のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記粒子の少なくとも一部がリチウム塩を含む、請求項1乃至6のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記粒子の少なくとも一部が、酸化リチウムニッケルコバルトマンガン、酸化リチウムニッケルコバルトマンガンアルミニウム、酸化リチウムニッケルコバルトアルミニウム、チタン酸リチウム、金属リチウム、リチウム金属酸化物、酸化リチウムマンガン、酸化リチウムコバルト、及び/又はリン酸鉄リチウムを含む、請求項1乃至7のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記粒子が10ミクロン未満のD50を有する、請求項1乃至8のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記粒子が3ミクロン未満のD50を有する、請求項1乃至9のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記粒子が少なくとも1ミクロンのD50を有する、請求項1乃至10のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記粒子の少なくとも50%が前記固体電解質と接触している、請求項1乃至11のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記粒子の少なくとも75%が前記固体電解質と接触している、請求項1乃至12のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記粒子の少なくとも90%が前記固体電解質と接触している、請求項1乃至13のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質が、前記電極が少なくとも75%の設計容量を達成することを可能にする、請求項1乃至14のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質が、前記電極が少なくとも90%の設計容量を達成することを可能にする、請求項1乃至15のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記電極が少なくとも1mAh/cm2の容量を有する、請求項1乃至16のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記電極が少なくとも2mAh/cm2の容量を有する、請求項1乃至17のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記電極が少なくとも3mAh/cm2の容量を有する、請求項1乃至18のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記電極が少なくとも4mAh/cm2の容量を有する、請求項1乃至19のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質が前記電極の少なくとも10wt%を形成する、請求項1乃至20のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質が前記電極の少なくとも20wt%を形成する、請求項1乃至21のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質が前記電極の40wt%以下を形成する、請求項1乃至22のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質が前記電極の30wt%以下を形成する、請求項1乃至23のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質がポリマーを含む、請求項1乃至24のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質の少なくとも75wt%が前記ポリマーである、請求項25に記載の電極。
- 前記ポリマーが、ポリ(エチレン)(PE)、ポリ(エチレンオキシド)(PEO)、ポリ(プロピレン)(PP)、ポリ(プロピレンオキシド)、ポリ(メチルメタクリレート)(PMMA)、ポリアクリロニトリル(PAN)、ポリ(ビス(メトキシエトキシエトキシド)ホスファゼン)、ポリ(ジメチルシロキサン)(PDMS)、セルロース、セルロースアセテート、セルロースアセテートブチレート、セルロースアセテートプロピオネート、ポリビニリデンジフルオリド(PVDF)、ポリビニルピロリドン(PVP)、ポリスチレンスルホネート(PSS)、ポリビニルクロライド(PVC)、ポリ(ビニリデンクロライド)ポリプロピレンオキシド、ポリビニルアセテート、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)、ポリ(エチレンテレフタレート)(PET)、ポリイミド、ポリヒドロキシアルカノエート(PHA)、及び/又はポリ(アクリロニトリル-コ-メチルアクリレート)を含む、請求項25又は26に記載の電極。
- 前記ポリマーがPEO含有コポリマーを含む、請求項25乃至27のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記ポリマーがポリスチレン(PS)-PEOコポリマーを含む、及び/又はポリマーがポリ(メチルメタクリレート)(PMMA)-PEOコポリマーを含む、請求項28に記載の電極。
- 前記ポリマーが、尿素及び/又はカルバメート官能基を介して架橋された、請求項30に記載の電極。
- 前記ポリマーが架橋性オリゴマーを介して架橋された、請求項30又は31に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質が、1:4~3:2である前記ポリマー対前記架橋性オリゴマーのモル比を有する、請求項32に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質がさらに可塑剤を含む、請求項32又は33に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質が、2:1~1:2である(ポリマー+架橋性オリゴマー)対前記可塑剤のモル比を有する、請求項34に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質が溶媒を含む、請求項1乃至35のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記溶媒が、CH2Cl2、ジメチルカーボネート(DMC)、エチレンカーボネート(EC)、ジエチルカーボネート(DEC)、ジメトキシエタン(DME)、ジオキソラン(DOL)、及び/又はN-プロピル-N-メチルピロリジニウムビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミドを含む、請求項36に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質がリチウム塩を含む、請求項1乃至37のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記リチウム塩が、LiTFSI、LiFSI、LiBOB、LiPF6、LiBF4、LiClO4、LiAsF6、LiN(CF3SO2)2、LiC(CF3SO2)3、LiDFOB、LiF、LiCl、LiBr、LiI、Li2SO4、LiNO3、Li3PO4、Li2CO3、LiOH、酢酸リチウム、リチウムトリフルオロメチルアセテート、及び/又はシュウ酸リチウムを含む、請求項38に記載の電極。
- 前記固体電解質が安定化添加剤を含む、請求項1乃至39のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記安定化添加剤がリチウムビス(オキサラト)ボレート(LiBoB)を含む、請求項40に記載の電極。
- 前記安定化添加剤が0~0.3wt%で存在する、請求項40又は41に記載の電極。
- 前記電極が、前記電極の表面の少なくとも一部分に配置された支持構造をさらに備えた、請求項1乃至42のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記支持構造が不織布を含む、請求項43に記載の電極。
- 前記不織布が、ポリ(ビニリデンフルオリド)(PVDF)、ポリ(ビニリデンフルオリド-コ-ヘキサフルオロプロピレン)(PVDF-co-HFP)、ポリアクリロニトリル(PAN)、及び/又はポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET)を含む、請求項44に記載の電極。
- 前記支持構造が、無機ナノ粒子が被覆された複合膜を含む、請求項43乃至45のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記支持構造が、無機ナノ粒子が充填された複合膜を含む、請求項43乃至46のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記支持構造が、無機ナノ粒子が充填された不織布マットを含む、請求項43乃至47のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記無機ナノ粒子が、BaTiO3、ZrO2、Al2O3、TiO2、SiO2、BaCO3、及び/又はLiAlO2を含む、請求項46乃至48のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記無機ナノ粒子が、40nm~530nmの平均直径を有する、請求項46乃至49のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記支持構造の少なくとも1つの面が、少なくとも部分的にコーティング層で被覆された、請求項43乃至50のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記コーティング層が、石英管、セラミックコーティング層、SiO2粒子、Al2O3粒子、及び/又はCaCO3ナノ粒子を含む、請求項51に記載の電極。
- 前記コーティング層がPVDF-HFP結合剤を含む、請求項51又は52に記載の電極。
- 前記コーティング層がポリテトラフルオロエチレン(PTFE)結合剤を含む、請求項51乃至53のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記電極が保護装置を備えた、請求項1乃至54のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記保護装置がゴムを含む、請求項55に記載の電極。
- 前記電極がカソードである、請求項1乃至56のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記電極がアノードである、請求項57に記載の電極。
- 前記アノードが、ケイ素、SiO、SiCを含む、請求項58に記載の電極。
- 前記アノードがスズを含む、請求項58又は59に記載の電極。
- 前記アノードが、炭素、グラファイト、グラフェンを含む、請求項58乃至60のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記アノードがリンを含む、請求項58乃至61のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記アノードがリチウムイオン伝導性材料を含む、請求項58乃至62のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記リチウムイオン伝導性材料が、炭化リチウム、Li6C、チタン酸リチウム、及び/又はリチウム金属を含む、請求項63に記載の電極。
- 前記アノードがナトリウムイオン伝導性材料を含む、請求項58乃至64のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記ナトリウムイオン伝導性材料が、Na2C8H4O4、Na0.66Li0.22Ti0.78O2、及び/又はナトリウム金属を含む、請求項65に記載の電極。
- 前記アノードがマグネシウムイオン伝導性材料を含む、請求項58乃至66のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記マグネシウムイオン伝導性材料がマグネシウム金属を含む、請求項67に記載の電極。
- 前記電極が電気化学デバイス内に含まれた、請求項1乃至68のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記電極が電池内に含まれた、請求項1乃至69のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記電極がリチウムイオン電池内に含まれた、請求項1乃至70のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記電極がリチウムイオン固体電池内に含まれた、請求項1乃至71のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記電極が少なくとも3×10-4S/cmのイオン伝導率を有する、請求項1乃至72のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記電極が少なくとも4.5Vの分解電位を有する、請求項1乃至73のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記電極が少なくとも5.0Vの分解電位を有する、請求項1乃至74のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記電極が少なくとも5.3Vの分解電位を有する、請求項1乃至75のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 前記電極が少なくとも5.5Vの分解電位を有する、請求項1乃至76のいずれか一項に記載の電極。
- 粒子と固体電解質とを含む電極を備え、前記粒子間の隙間の少なくとも50vol%が前記固体電解質を含む、ことを特徴とする電気化学デバイス。
- 粒子を含む電極と、
固体電解質と、を備え、前記粒子の少なくとも90%が前記固体電解質と接触している、ことを特徴とする電気化学デバイス。 - 多孔質電極と、
前記電極の細孔容積の少なくとも90vol%に存在する固体電解質とを備えた、ことを特徴とする電気化学デバイス。 - 多孔質電極と、
前記多孔質電極の細孔内に含まれた固体電解質と、を含み、
前記固体電解質が、前記電極が少なくとも75%の設計容量を達成することを可能にする、ことを特徴とする電気化学デバイス。 - 電極を製造する方法であって、
複数の粒子を押し固めて電極前駆体を形成すること、
前記電極前駆体を電解質前駆体を含む溶媒にさらすこと、
少なくとも一部の溶媒を前記電極前駆体から除去すること、及び
前記電極前駆体中で前記電解質前駆体を固体化して、粒子及び固体電解質を含む電極を形成することを含む、ことを特徴とする方法。 - 前記粒子間の隙間の少なくとも50vol%が前記固体電解質を含む、請求項82に記載の方法。
- 前記複数の粒子を押し固めることが、前記複数の粒子をカレンダリングすることを含む、請求項82又は83に記載の方法。
- 前記溶媒が、CH2Cl2、ジメチルカーボネート(DMC)、エチレンカーボネート(EC)、ジエチルカーボネート(DEC)、ジメトキシエタン(DME)、ジオキソラン(DOL)、及び/又はN-プロピル-N-メチルピロリジニウムビス(トリフルオロメタンスルホニル)イミドを含む、請求項82乃至84のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記電極前駆体を前記溶媒にさらすことが、前記電極前駆体を前記溶媒に浸すことを含む、請求項82乃至85のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記電極前駆体を前記溶媒にさらすことが、前記電極前駆体を前記溶媒に漬けることを含む、請求項82乃至86のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記電極前駆体を前記溶媒にさらすことが、前記電極前駆体を22℃~80℃の温度で前記溶媒にさらすことを含む、請求項82乃至87のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記電極前駆体を前記溶媒にさらすことが、前記電極前駆体を10時間~100時間の間前記溶媒にさらすことを含む、請求項82乃至88のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも一部の溶媒を除去することが、前記溶媒を22℃~60℃の温度にさらすことを含む、請求項82乃至89のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも一部の溶媒を除去することが、少なくとも一部の溶媒を蒸発させることを含む、請求項82乃至90のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも一部の溶媒を除去することが、前記溶媒を減圧にさらすことを含む、請求項82乃至91のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記溶媒を少なくとも15時間減圧にさらすことを含む、請求項92に記載の方法。
- 前記電解質前駆体を固体化することが、前記電解質前駆体を硬化させることを含む、請求項82乃至93のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記電解質前駆体を硬化させることが、前記電解質をUV光にさらすことを含む、請求項94に記載の方法。
- 前記電解質をUV光にさらすことが、前記電解質を10分~20分間UV光にさらすことを含む、請求項95に記載の方法。
- 前記電解質前駆体を固体化することが、前記電解質前駆体を22℃~60℃の温度にさらすことを含む、請求項82乃至96のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記電解質前駆体を減圧にさらすことを含む、請求項97に記載の方法。
- 前記電極を加圧することをさらに含む、請求項82乃至98のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記電極をカレンダー処理することをさらに含む、請求項82乃至99のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 前記電極の表面に支持構造を追加することをさらに含む、請求項82乃至100のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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JP7439138B2 (ja) | 2024-02-27 |
US20210020944A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
KR20220003090A (ko) | 2022-01-07 |
CN113924676A (zh) | 2022-01-11 |
WO2021011438A1 (en) | 2021-01-21 |
US11804603B2 (en) | 2023-10-31 |
US20220263094A1 (en) | 2022-08-18 |
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