JP2022528319A - タンクの断熱本体のポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック、およびその調製プロセス - Google Patents
タンクの断熱本体のポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック、およびその調製プロセス Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022528319A JP2022528319A JP2021556766A JP2021556766A JP2022528319A JP 2022528319 A JP2022528319 A JP 2022528319A JP 2021556766 A JP2021556766 A JP 2021556766A JP 2021556766 A JP2021556766 A JP 2021556766A JP 2022528319 A JP2022528319 A JP 2022528319A
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- fiber
- foam block
- block
- polyisocyanurate foam
- tank
- Prior art date
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Images
Classifications
-
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Abstract
Description
-好適にはダブルバンドラミネーター(DBL)における発泡体の調製の単一の作業(選択的に充填剤/補助剤の反応成分と繊維との混合)、
-以下に説明する周辺ゾーンの接着固定のための、従来的にブロックの上面の切断作業により補完される上述の作業。
-前記発泡体ブロックは、その前記厚さEに沿って、2つの周辺ゾーンを備え、一方は上側ゾーンと呼ばれて前記ブロックの前記上面から延び、他方は下側ゾーンと呼ばれて前記ブロックの前記下面から延び、これら2つの前記ゾーンは、前記ブロックの前記厚さEに沿って最大で20%をそれぞれ占めるとともに、中間ゾーンと呼ばれるゾーンにより隔てられ、
-上側ゾーンおよび下側ゾーンである前記周辺ゾーンは、2/3≦(Tf upp./Tf low.)≦3/2となる繊維密度Tf upp.およびTf low.をそれぞれ呈し、
-前記中間ゾーンの繊維密度Tf int.は、前記周辺ゾーンの前記密度より小さい、すなわち、Tf int.<Tf upp.、かつTf int.<Tf low.である、
ことを特徴とする。
-繊維が少なくとも1つの方向に沿って完全に整列している状態にある、換言すれば、繊維が少なくとも1つの好適な繊維の方向を呈する状態にある、繊維からなる少なくとも1つの布の形態。「繊維からなる布」という表現は、それ自体で当業者に知られている明確な技術的定義を指す。
-または、繊維が明白な配向を呈さない状態にある、換言すれば、繊維がマットの層の種面に沿って本質的に等方向に配向された、繊維からなる少なくとも1つのマットの形態。同じく、「繊維からなるマット」という表現は、それ自体で当業者に知られている明確な技術的定義を指す。
-波型部を備え得る複数の金属板または金属プレートから構成された少なくとも1つの密閉金属膜と、前記膜に隣接する少なくとも1つの断熱バリアを備える断熱本体と、を備える少なくとも1つの密閉断熱タンクを備える支持構造体に組み込まれたタンク、または、
-少なくとも1つの断熱本体を備える、IGCコードの定義によるA、BまたはCタイプのタンク、
からなる密閉断熱タンクに関する。
a)ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体を得るために必要な化学成分を混合する工程であって、前記成分は、ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレートを得るための反応剤と、選択的に少なくとも1つの反応触媒と、選択的に少なくとも1つの乳化剤と、少なくとも1つの発泡剤と、を含む工程と、
b)前記化学成分の混合物の重力による流れにより複数の繊維強化材を含浸させる工程であって、前記繊維強化材は、重ね合わせた層に配置されるとともに可変の繊維密度を呈し、前記繊維強化材は、前記重力による流れの方向に対して垂直な方向に本質的に沿って延びる工程と、
c)前記繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体を形成し膨張させる工程であって、
前記繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体の膨張は、自由膨張による、すなわち、少なくとも1面、好適には前記上面の閉鎖されたセクションの体積による制約を受けない工程、または、
前記繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体の膨張は、ダブルベルトラミネーターの壁により物理的に制約を受ける、好適には、横方向に配置された壁間の距離がLに等しく、かつ水平方向に配置された壁間の距離がEに等しい矩形断面のトンネルであって、前記繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロックを得るように膨張する繊維強化発泡体を取り囲むトンネルを形成するダブルベルトラミネーターの壁により物理的に制約を受ける工程と、
を備えることを特徴とする繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロックの調製プロセスに関する。
-1:1~1:1.3である場合、ポリウレタンPUR発泡体が得られ、
-1:1.3~1:1.8である場合、ポリウレタン-ポリイソシアヌレートPUR-PIR発泡体が得られ、
-1:1.8~1:2.8である場合、ポリイソシアヌレートPIR発泡体が得られることになる。
2/3≦Tf upp./Tf low.≦3/2かつTf int.<Tf upp,Tf low.:図3に示す2つの周辺ゾーン21、22および中間ゾーン23の場合。
2/3≦Tf cen/(Tf low.またはTf upp.)≦3/2、かつTf med.<Tf low.,Tf upp.,Tf cen.:図4に示す2つの周辺ゾーン21、22と、中央ゾーン26と2つのメジアンゾーン24、25とで形成される中間ゾーン23の場合。
Claims (16)
- 密閉断熱タンクの断熱本体(30)の繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)であって、前記繊維強化発泡体ブロック(20)の密度は30~300kg/m3であり、前記繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)は、繊維(10)の1重量%~60重量%の平均繊維密度Tfを呈するとともに、少なくとも10センチメートル、有利には10~500センチメートルの幅L、および前記ブロック(20)の下面からその上面までの厚さEであって少なくとも10センチメートル、有利には10~100センチメートルの厚さEを呈し、前記繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)は、有利には低い熱伝導率を有するガスを貯蔵するセルから構成される繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)であって、
-前記発泡体ブロック(20)は、その前記厚さEに沿って、2つの周辺ゾーン(21、22)を備え、一方は上側ゾーン(21)と呼ばれて前記ブロック(20)の前記上面から延び、他方は下側ゾーン(22)と呼ばれて前記ブロック(20)の前記下面から延び、これら2つの前記ゾーン(21、22)は、前記ブロック(20)の前記厚さ(E)に沿って最大で20%をそれぞれ占めるとともに、中間ゾーン(23)と呼ばれるゾーンにより隔てられ、
-上側ゾーン(21)および下側ゾーン(22)である前記周辺ゾーン(21、22)は、2/3≦(Tf upp./Tf low.)≦3/2となる繊維密度Tf upp.およびTf low.をそれぞれ呈し、
-前記中間ゾーン(23)の繊維密度Tf int.は、前記周辺ゾーン(21、22)の前記密度より小さい、すなわち、Tf int.<Tf upp.、かつTf int.<Tf low.である、
繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)。 - 2つの前記周辺ゾーン(21、22)は、前記ブロック(20)の前記厚さEに沿って最大で10%をそれぞれ占める、
請求項1に記載の繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)。 - 前記中間ゾーン(23)は、2つのメジアンゾーン(24、25)に囲まれた中央ゾーン(26)であって、前記厚さEに沿って最大で20%、好適には前記厚さEに沿って最大で10%を占める中央ゾーン(26)を備え、
前記中央ゾーン(26)の繊維密度Tf cen.は、前記メジアンゾーン(24、25)の繊維密度Tf med.の少なくとも1.5倍以上である、すなわち、Tf cen.≧1.5Tf med.である、
請求項1または2に記載の繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)。 - 前記中央ゾーン(26)の前記繊維密度Tf cen.は、上側ゾーン(21)および下側ゾーン(22)である前記周辺ゾーン(21、22)の繊維密度Tf upp.およびTf low.に対して、0.5≦Tf cen./(Tf upp.またはTf low.)となるように定義される、
請求項3に記載の繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)。 - 前記繊維強化発泡体ブロック(20)の密度は、50~250kg/m3、好適には90~210kg/m3である、
請求項1~4のいずれか一項に記載の繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)。 - 有利には低い熱伝導率を有するガスを貯蔵する前記セルの少なくとも60%、好適には少なくとも80%が、前記繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)の厚さEの軸に平行な軸に沿って延ばされた、または引き延ばされた形状を呈する、
請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)。 - 前記繊維は、ガラス繊維または玄武岩繊維から、好適にはガラス繊維からなる、
請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)。 - 前記繊維は、長く連続する繊維である、
請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)。 - 前記平均繊維密度Tfは、2%~25%、好適には6%~20%である、
請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)。 - 前記ブロックの前記下面および/または前記上面(41)、好適には前記上面(41)は、前記発泡体ブロックを前記本体(30)に固定するよう前記断熱本体(30)の係合手段に係合可能であるアンカー(40)を呈し、好適には、前記アンカー(40)は、前記発泡体または前記繊維と異なる材料から構成される、
請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)。 - -波型部を備え得る複数の金属板または金属プレートから構成された少なくとも1つの密閉金属膜と、前記膜に隣接する少なくとも1つの断熱バリアを備える断熱本体(30)と、を備える少なくとも1つの密閉断熱タンクを備える支持構造体に組み込まれたタンク、または、
-少なくとも1つの断熱本体(30)を備える、IGCコードの定義によるタイプA、BまたはCのタンク、
からなる密閉断熱タンク(71)であって、
前記断熱本体(30)は、複数の、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)を備える、
密閉断熱タンク(71)。 - 少なくとも1つの船体(72)と、請求項11に記載の1つの密閉断熱タンク(71)と、を備える低温液体製品を輸送するための船舶(70)であって、前記タンク(71)がIGCコードの定義によるタイプA、BまたはCのタンクである場合、前記タンク(71)は、前記船体に配置される、または前記船舶(70)に搭載される、船舶(70)。
- 低温液体製品用の移送システムであって、請求項12に記載の船舶(70)と、前記船舶の前記船体に設置された前記タンク(71)を浮動または陸上貯蔵ユニット(77)に接続するように配置された断熱管(73、76、79、81)と、低温液体製品の流れを、前記断熱管を介して前記浮動または陸上貯蔵ユニットから前記船舶(71)に、または前記船舶(71)から前記浮動または陸上貯蔵ユニットに駆動するためのポンプと、を備えた移送システム。
- 低温液体製品が、断熱管(73、76、79、81)を介して前記浮動または陸上貯蔵ユニット(77)から前記船舶(71)に、または前記船舶(71)から前記浮動または陸上貯蔵ユニット(77)に搬送される、請求項12に記載の船舶(70)の積み降ろしプロセス。
- 請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の、密閉断熱タンクの断熱本体の繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)の調製プロセスであって、
a)ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体を得るために必要な化学成分を混合する工程(12)であって、前記成分は、ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレートを得るための反応剤と、選択的に少なくとも1つの反応触媒と、選択的に少なくとも1つの乳化剤と、少なくとも1つの発泡剤と、を含む工程と、
b)前記化学成分の混合物(12)の重力による流れにより複数の繊維強化材(10)を含浸させる工程であって、前記繊維強化材は、重ね合わせた層に配置されるとともに可変の繊維密度を呈し、前記繊維強化材(10)は、前記重力による流れの方向に対して垂直な方向に本質的に沿って延びる工程と、
c)前記繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体を形成し膨張させる工程であって、
前記繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体の膨張は、自由膨張による、すなわち、少なくとも1面、好適には前記上面の閉鎖されたセクションの体積による制約を受けない工程、または、
前記繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体の膨張は、ダブルベルトラミネーターの壁により物理的に制約を受ける、好適には、横方向に配置された壁間の距離がLに等しく、かつ水平方向に配置された壁間の距離がEに等しい矩形断面のトンネルであって、前記繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)を得るように膨張する繊維強化発泡体を包囲するトンネルを形成するダブルベルトラミネーターの壁により物理的に制約を受ける工程と、
を備える、繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)の調製プロセス。 - 工程c)が自由膨張により実施される場合、少なくとも前記自由膨張する面の切断の実施後直ちに、前記発泡体ブロック(20)を形成するように、前記周辺ゾーン(21、22)の少なくとも一方、好適には前記上側ゾーン(21)が独立して形成され固定される、
請求項15に記載の繊維強化ポリウレタン/ポリイソシアヌレート発泡体ブロック(20)の調製プロセス。
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