JP2022512236A - イオン交換樹脂のコンディショニング方法およびそれを実行するための装置 - Google Patents
イオン交換樹脂のコンディショニング方法およびそれを実行するための装置 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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- 208000035404 Autolysis Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
- G21F9/12—Processing by absorption; by adsorption; by ion-exchange
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J45/00—Ion-exchange in which a complex or a chelate is formed; Use of material as complex or chelate forming ion-exchangers; Treatment of material for improving the complex or chelate forming ion-exchange properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J49/00—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor
- B01J49/30—Electrical regeneration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J49/00—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor
- B01J49/50—Regeneration or reactivation of ion-exchangers; Apparatus therefor characterised by the regeneration reagents
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/04—Treating liquids
- G21F9/06—Processing
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2219/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J2219/08—Processes employing the direct application of electric or wave energy, or particle radiation; Apparatus therefor
- B01J2219/0873—Materials to be treated
- B01J2219/0879—Solid
Abstract
Description
硫酸鉄の溶液にイオン交換樹脂を添加し、撹拌しながら溶液を90℃以上かつ溶液の沸点以下の温度に加熱する工程;
この溶液に過酸化水素水溶液を添加し、得られた硫酸または水酸化バリウムとの混合物のpHを湿式酸化に適したpH範囲に設定する工程;
湿式酸化が終了した後、水酸化バリウムを溶液に添加して、溶液のpHを上昇させ、溶液中の硫酸塩により硫酸バリウムを生成させる工程(これにより、同時に、アンモニウムイオンを水酸化アンモニウムまたはアンモニアガスとして溶液から放出させる。);および
硫酸バリウムスラリーに固化剤を添加して、均質に混合し、次いで混合物を固化するまで放置する工程;
を含む。
使用済イオン交換樹脂を水と混合して反応混合物を形成する工程、
該反応混合物のpHを1.0~3.5、好ましくは2.0~3.0の範囲に設定および監視する工程、
酸化剤、好ましくは過酸化水素水溶液を該反応混合物に添加し、該反応混合物の温度を90℃以下、好ましくは85℃以下に維持して、使用済イオン交換樹脂と酸化剤を反応させて、使用済イオン交換樹脂の有機反応生成物を含む反応水溶液を形成する工程;および
該反応水溶液中の有機反応生成物を電気化学的に酸化する工程を含み、
二酸化炭素を発生させ、TOC(全有機炭素)値が50ppm未満の炭素欠乏性反応水溶液(carbon‐depleted aqueous reaction solution)を得る、原子力施設からの使用済みイオン交換樹脂をコンディショニングする方法によって達成される。
使用済みイオン交換樹脂および水を収容するための反応容器と、
上記反応容器に接続された酸化剤供給装置と、
上記反応容器に接続されたスプレーカラムおよび凝縮器からなる減圧蒸留装置と、
上記反応容器内に配置されるか、または反応容器に接続される電気化学的酸化のためのユニット
を含み、
電気化学的酸化のためのユニットは、ホウ素ドープダイヤモンド電極を有する、使用済みイオン交換樹脂をコンディショニングするための装置である。
12 … 投与ユニット
14 … 第1のリザーバ
16 … 第2のリザーバ
18 … 加熱冷却回路
20 … 熱交換器
22 … 酸化剤供給装置
24 … 真空蒸留ユニット
26 … スプレーカラム
28 … 凝縮器
30 … 浮遊粒子フィルタ
32 … 真空ポンプ
34 … 逆浸透ユニット
36 … 電気化学的酸化ユニット
38 … 反応器
40 … ホウ素ドープダイヤモンド電極
Claims (15)
- 使用済イオン交換樹脂を水と混合して反応混合物を形成する工程、
該反応混合物のpHを1.0~3.5、好ましくは2.0~3.0の範囲に設定および監視する工程、
酸化剤、好ましくは過酸化水素水溶液を該反応混合物に添加し、該反応混合物の温度を90℃以下、好ましくは85℃以下に維持して、使用済イオン交換樹脂と酸化剤とを互いに反応させて、使用済イオン交換樹脂の有機反応生成物を含む反応水溶液を形成する工程;および
該反応水溶液中の有機反応生成物を電気化学的に酸化する工程を含み、
二酸化炭素を発生させ、TOC(全有機炭素)値が50ppm未満の炭素欠乏性反応水溶液を得る、原子力施設からの使用済みイオン交換樹脂をコンディショニングする方法。 - 前記イオン交換樹脂が有機錯化剤を含有する、請求項1記載の方法。
- 前記反応混合物が、水と使用済みイオン交換樹脂を、3:1~1.5:1、好ましくは2.5:1~2:1、特に好ましくは2:1の体積比で含む、請求項1または2記載の方法。
- 前記反応混合物の温度が、60℃~90℃、好ましくは70℃~85℃、特に好ましくは70℃~80℃の範囲に維持される、請求項1~3のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記反応混合物のpHが、鉱酸、好ましくは硫酸または硝酸、或いは塩基、好ましくはアルカリ水酸化物またはアルカリ土類水酸化物の添加によって、設定および制御される、請求項1~4のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記酸化剤が、30~35重量%の濃度の過酸化水素の水溶液である、請求項1~5のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記過酸化水素が、反応混合物中の過酸化水素濃度が少なくとも20,000ppmになるように、反応混合物に添加される、請求項1~6のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記反応混合物に消泡剤を添加しない、請求項1~7のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記反応水溶液がクリアで透明な溶液になった時点で、酸化剤の添加を終了し、電気化学的酸化を開始する、請求項1~8のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記電気化学的酸化が、好ましくは5V以下の電圧で、ホウ素ドープダイヤモンド電極(40)を用いて行われる、請求項1~9のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記電気化学的酸化の前に、反応混合物および/または反応水溶液からの水を、真空蒸留によって反応容器から除去する、請求項1~10のいずれか1項記載の方法。
- 前記真空蒸留によって除去された水を逆浸透膜によって精製して揮発性有機物質を含み、揮発性有機物質を反応混合物および/または反応水溶液に戻す、請求項11記載の方法。
- 使用済みイオン交換樹脂および水を収容するための反応容器(10)と、
該反応容器(10)に接続された酸化剤供給装置(22)と、
該反応容器(10)に接続されたスプレーカラム(26)および凝縮器(28)を含む真空蒸留ユニット(24)と、
反応容器(10)内に配置されるか、または反応容器(10)に接続される、電気化学的酸化ユニット(36)
を含み、
電気化学的酸化ユニット(36)は、ホウ素ドープダイヤモンド電極を有する、使用済みイオン交換樹脂をコンディショニングするための装置。 - 前記凝縮器(28)が逆浸透ユニット(34)に接続されている、請求項13記載の装置。
- 前記電気化学酸化ユニット(36)が、反応器(38)およびホウ素ドープダイヤモンド電極(40)を含み、該反応器(38)が反応容器(10)に接続され、該ホウ素ドープダイヤモンド電極(40)が反応器(38)内に配置されている、請求項13または14記載の装置。
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PCT/EP2019/082826 WO2020120143A1 (de) | 2018-12-12 | 2019-11-28 | Verfahren zur konditionierung von ionenaustauscherharzen und vorrichtung zur durchführung des verfahrens |
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