JP2022507713A - 流体及び非流体流れから溶媒を除去するのに使用される電気透析システム - Google Patents
流体及び非流体流れから溶媒を除去するのに使用される電気透析システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP2022507713A JP2022507713A JP2021527150A JP2021527150A JP2022507713A JP 2022507713 A JP2022507713 A JP 2022507713A JP 2021527150 A JP2021527150 A JP 2021527150A JP 2021527150 A JP2021527150 A JP 2021527150A JP 2022507713 A JP2022507713 A JP 2022507713A
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- chamber
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- water
- salt water
- salt
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- Granted
Links
- 238000000909 electrodialysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 title claims description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 130
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 51
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- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium chloride Chemical compound [Li+].[Cl-] KWGKDLIKAYFUFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium bromide Chemical compound [Li+].[Br-] AMXOYNBUYSYVKV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000009292 forward osmosis Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000037427 ion transport Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005115 demineralization Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000002328 demineralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 69
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002274 desiccant Substances 0.000 description 64
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 28
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- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 15
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- KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrocene Chemical compound [Fe+2].C=1C=C[CH-]C=1.C=1C=C[CH-]C=1 KTWOOEGAPBSYNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
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- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O Imidazolium Chemical compound C1=C[NH+]=CN1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorous acid Chemical class OP(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000005210 alkyl ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001622 calcium bromide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011148 calcium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dibromide Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Br-].[Br-] WGEFECGEFUFIQW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical class OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002242 deionisation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- YAGKRVSRTSUGEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferricyanide Chemical compound [Fe+3].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-].N#[C-] YAGKRVSRTSUGEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052741 iridium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-O oxonium Chemical compound [OH3+] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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- 239000013077 target material Substances 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
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- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
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Abstract
Description
102 乾燥剤セクション
104 冷却セクション
106 外気
108 液体搬送膜ドライヤ
109 水
110 濃縮液体乾燥剤
114 希薄ストリーム
Claims (20)
- システムであって、
電気透析装置を備え、前記電気透析装置は、
塩水ストリームが流れる塩水チャンバと、
中央のイオン選択性膜によって前記塩水チャンバから分離され、脱塩水ストリームが通過して流れる脱塩水チャンバと、
前記塩水チャンバと前記脱塩水チャンバの対抗する外側にあり、第1及び第2のイオン交換膜によって分離される陽極液チャンバ及び陰極液チャンバであって、前記陽極液チャンバと前記陰極液チャンバの間のイオン輸送が、前記陽極液チャンバ及び陰極液チャンバ間に印加される電圧によって誘起されるファラデー反応によって駆動される、陽極液チャンバ及び陰極液チャンバと、
を含み、
前記システムが更に、
第1の側で前記塩水ストリームと接触し、第2の側で媒体流れと接触して、溶媒を前記媒体流れから前記塩水ストリームに移動させる溶媒交換界面を備える、
ことを特徴とするシステム。 - 前記媒体流れが流体を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記媒体流れが、固体、半固体、又は流体と固体又は半固体との混合物を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記ファラデー反応が、前記陽極液チャンバ及び前記陰極液チャンバを通って流れるレドックスキャリアストリームを利用する、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記レドックスキャリアストリームが、前記陽極液チャンバから前記陰極液チャンバに循環して再び戻る、請求項4に記載のシステム。
- 前記塩水ストリーム及び前記脱塩水ストリーム中の溶媒が水を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記塩水ストリーム及び前記脱塩水ストリームが塩溶液を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記塩溶液が、NaCl、KCl、CaCl2、CaBr2、LiCl、又はLiBrのうちの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項7に記載のシステム。
- 前記溶媒交換界面が正浸透膜を含む、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 前記脱塩水ストリームが再濃縮されて、前記電気透析装置に戻される、請求項1に記載のシステム。
- 塩水ストリームを塩水チャンバに流すステップと、
中央のイオン選択性膜によって塩水チャンバから分離されている脱塩水チャンバを通って脱塩水ストリームを流すステップと、
前記塩水チャンバと脱塩水チャンバの対抗する外側にあり、第1及び第2のイオン交換膜によって分離された陽極液チャンバと陰極液チャンバの間に電圧を印加するステップであって、前記電圧が、前記陽極液チャンバと前記陰極液チャンバとの間のイオン輸送を引き起こすファラデー反応を誘起する、ステップと、
前記塩水ストリームを溶媒交換界面の第1の側にわたって流すステップと、
媒体流れを前記溶媒交換界面の第2の側に接触させ、前記溶媒交換界面が、前記溶媒を前記媒体流れから前記塩水ストリームに移動させるステップと、
を含む、方法。 - 前記媒体流れが流体を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記媒体流れが、固体、半固体、又は流体と固体又は半固体との混合物を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記ファラデー反応が、前記陽極液チャンバ及び前記陰極液チャンバを通って流れるレドックスキャリアストリームを利用する、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記レドックスキャリアストリームが、前記陽極液チャンバから前記陰極液チャンバに循環して再び戻る、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記塩水ストリーム及び脱塩水ストリーム中の溶媒が水を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記塩水ストリーム及び脱塩水ストリームが塩溶液を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記塩溶液が、NaCl、KCl、CaCl2、CaBr2、LiCl、又はLiBrのうちの少なくとも1つを含む、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 溶媒交換界面が正浸透膜を含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 脱塩水ストリームを再濃縮して、再濃縮された脱塩水ストリームを前記塩水チャンバ及び前記脱塩水チャンバのうちの1又は2以上に戻すステップを更に含む、請求項11に記載の方法。
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US16/378,769 US11185823B2 (en) | 2018-11-26 | 2019-04-09 | Electrodialytic system used to remove solvent from fluid and non-fluid flows |
US16/378,769 | 2019-04-09 | ||
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