JP2022177098A - 自己修復特性を有するコバルト系合金及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C9/00—Alloys based on copper
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/07—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/10—Alloys containing non-metals
- C22C1/1094—Alloys containing non-metals comprising an after-treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/007—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt with a light metal (alkali metal Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs; earth alkali metal Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Al Ga, Ge, Ti) or B, Si, Zr, Hf, Sc, Y, lanthanides, actinides, as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/08—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of copper or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/16—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of other metals or alloys based thereon
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Abstract
Description
[[CoaTibCr100-a-b]1-0.01cSc]1-0.01dHd(57≦a≦92.5、6≦b≦33at.%、a+b<100、Sは強化固溶元素であり、0<c≦20at.%であり、Hは修復固溶元素であり、0<d≦2at.%)
[[CoaTibCr100-a-b]1-0.01cSc]1-0.01dHd
((1)6≦b≦11(at.%)の場合、70≦a≦86.5(at.%)であり、(2)11<b≦16(at.%)の場合、80≦a≦86.5(at.%)であり、a+b<100)
Sは強化固溶元素を意味し、0<c≦0.5b(at.%)であり;
Hは修復固溶元素を意味し、0<d≦0.5(at.%)であり;
γ、γ′相を同時に含むことを特徴とする、自己修復特性を有するコバルト系合金。
製造された合金を溶体化処理(solution treatment)する段階;
溶体化処理された合金を時効処理(aging)してL12結晶構造の析出物(γ′析出物)を形成する段階;及び
前記合金を冷却する段階。
まず、本発明では高温で安定なコバルト(融点1495℃)を基材にするγ-γ′複合構造合金開発のために、1907℃の融点を有するクロムを合金化することによって、既存のニッケル系合金対比高い融点を有する合金の確保を可能にした。この際、クロムはコバルトに容易に固溶されながらもFCC結晶構造の相安定性(phase stability)を向上させ、強化効果を示す。これと共に、コバルト及びクロムとγ′析出相を形成するチタニウムなどを合金化してγ-γ′複合構造を安定化した。
表5は、本発明を通じて開発された複合構造合金を最も代表的な熱処理工程である(1200℃、20時間溶体化処理)-(950℃、48時間時効処理)-(空冷)の3段階を通じて製造した場合、どのような相が形成されるかを示す。この際、950℃で時効処理された試片を空冷する場合、約3分以内に常温水準に到達するようになるが、これによって空冷の速度は5K/sec水準と判断できる。このような工程変数制御を通じて、γ-γ′複合構造を有するための熱処理条件として前記熱処理段階の以外に、他の多様な境界条件を決定することができる。
最後の段階ではコバルト合金に添加されたホウ素(B)、炭素(C)、窒素(N)、酸素(O)、燐(P)、及び黄(S)などの修復固溶元素が欠陥部への選択的自発拡散を通じてクラックの周辺に偏析されてクラックの形成及び伝播を遅延する自己修復特性を示すことができることを確認した。このために、図14に示すように、実施例36乃至実施例40に対して部分変形後、自己修復模写工程を反復的に適用して回復処理時の特性変化を分析した。この際、本発明による自己修復特性とは、合金基材の内部に固溶された修復元素が素材の活用時に発生する微小クラックなどを含む欠陥部に自発的に拡散されて偏析される過程を通じて強化される過程を意味するので、開発素材の主要使用環境である高温での変形中にもリアルタイムに発生することがある。
Claims (9)
- 以下のような組成からなり、
[[CoaTibCr100-a-b]1-0.01cSc]1-0.01dHd(70≦a≦86.5(at.%)、6≦b≦11(at.%)、a+b<100、Sは強化固溶元素であり、1.5≦c≦20(at.%)であり、Hは修復固溶元素であり、0.2≦d≦0.5(at.%))、
γ、γ′相を同時に構成相に含み、
前記修復固溶元素により自己修復機能が具現され、
前記強化固溶元素はMo、Hf、Ta、及びWを含む群より選択される1種以上であり、
前記修復固溶元素はB、C、N、O、P、及びSを含む群より選択される1種以上であり、
合金の変形時、前記修復固溶元素が欠陥部に拡散及び偏析されて変形部を強化することによって、クラックの伝播を遅延して自己修復が具現されることを特徴とすることを特徴とする、自己修復特性を有するコバルト系合金。 - 前記γ′相の分率が50%未満であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の自己修復特性を有するコバルト系合金。
- 前記γ′相のサイズが1μm未満であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の自己修復特性を有するコバルト系合金。
- 数十ナノメートルサイズを有するγ′相の2次析出物をさらに含むことを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の自己修復特性を有するコバルト系合金。
- 請求項1の合金を構成する原料物質を準備する段階;
前記原料物質を溶解して合金を製造する段階;
前記合金を溶体化処理する段階;
前記合金を時効処理する段階;
前記合金を冷却する段階を含んで、γ、γ′相を共に含むことを特徴とする、自己修復特性を有するコバルト系合金の製造方法。 - 前記溶体化処理が1050乃至1400℃の温度で1乃至1000時間の間なされることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の自己修復特性を有するコバルト系合金の製造方法。
- 前記時効処理が700乃至1000℃の温度で1乃至1000時間の間なされることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の自己修復特性を有するコバルト系合金の製造方法。
- 前記時効処理によりγ′相の分率が50%未満に形成されることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の自己修復特性を有するコバルト系合金の製造方法。
- 前記冷却する段階でγ′相の2次析出物が追加で形成されることを特徴とする、請求項5に記載の自己修復特性を有するコバルト系合金の製造方法。
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