JP2022119493A - 制御装置、および車両 - Google Patents
制御装置、および車両 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D29/00—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto
- F02D29/02—Controlling engines, such controlling being peculiar to the devices driven thereby, the devices being other than parts or accessories essential to engine operation, e.g. controlling of engines by signals external thereto peculiar to engines driving vehicles; peculiar to engines driving variable pitch propellers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/15—Control strategies specially adapted for achieving a particular effect
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
- F02D41/02—Circuit arrangements for generating control signals
- F02D41/14—Introducing closed-loop corrections
- F02D41/1438—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor
- F02D41/1486—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor with correction for particular operating conditions
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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- B60W20/10—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand
- B60W20/11—Controlling the power contribution of each of the prime movers to meet required power demand using model predictive control [MPC] strategies, i.e. control methods based on models predicting performance
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- F02D31/001—Electric control of rotation speed
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- F02D41/1444—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases
- F02D41/1454—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the characteristics of the combustion gases the characteristics being an oxygen content or concentration or the air-fuel ratio
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- F02D41/1473—Introducing closed-loop corrections using means for determining characteristics of the combustion gases; Sensors therefor characterised by the regulation method
- F02D41/1475—Regulating the air fuel ratio at a value other than stoichiometry
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
- B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
- B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
- B60K6/40—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract
Description
(1):本発明の一態様に係る制御装置は、内燃機関と、前記内燃機関によって回転可能な発電機と、前記発電機の回転により発電された電力を保存するバッテリと、前記バッテリから電力を供給され、駆動輪に駆動力を出力する電動機と、を備える車両の制御装置であって、前記内燃機関と前記駆動輪とが機械的に連結しない状態で前記内燃機関が動作し、かつ前記内燃機関が理論空燃比に従って動作するストイキ運転を行っているときに要求された出力が閾値以上となったタイミングで、前記内燃機関の回転数を、前記内燃機関の燃料の酸素に対する比率が前記理論空燃比よりも高いリッチ運転において設定される回転数にまで増加させることを開始するものである。
図1は、本実施形態の車両Mの構成の一例を示す図である。図示する構成の車両Mは、シリーズ方式とパラレル方式とを切り換え可能なハイブリッド車両である。シリーズ方式とは、エンジンと駆動輪が機械的に連結されておらず、エンジンの動力は専ら発電機による発電に用いられ、発電電力が走行用の電動機に供給される方式である。パラレル方式とは、エンジンと駆動輪を機械的に(或いはトルクコンバータなどの流体を介して)連結可能であり、エンジンの動力を駆動輪に伝えたり発電に用いたりすることが可能な方式である。図1に示す構成の車両Mは、ロックアップクラッチ14を接続したり、切り離したりすることで、シリーズ方式とパラレル方式とを切り換えることができる。
以下、ハイブリッド制御部55により決定される走行モードについて説明する。走行モードには、以下のものが存在する。
シリーズハイブリッド走行モードにおいて、ハイブリッド制御部55は、ロックアップクラッチ14を分離状態にし、エンジン10に燃料を供給して動作させ、第1モータ12で発電した電力をバッテリ60および第2モータ18に提供する。そして、第1モータ12またはバッテリ60から供給される電力を用いて第2モータ18を駆動し、第2モータ18からの動力によって車両Mを走行させる。シリーズハイブリッド走行モードは、「内燃機関と駆動輪とが機械的に連結しない状態で内燃機関が動作している」モードの一例である。
EV走行モードにおいて、ハイブリッド制御部55は、ロックアップクラッチ14を分離状態にし、バッテリ60から供給される電力を用いて第2モータ18を駆動し、第2モータ18からの動力によって車両Mを走行させる。
エンジンドライブ走行モードにおいて、ハイブリッド制御部55は、ロックアップクラッチ14を接続状態にし、エンジン10に燃料を消費して動作させ、エンジン10の出力する動力の少なくとも一部を駆動輪25に伝達して車両Mを走行させる。この際に、第1モータ12は発電を行ってもよいし、行わなくてもよい。
回生時において、ハイブリッド制御部55は、ロックアップクラッチ14を分離状態にし、第2モータ18に車両Mの運動エネルギーを用いて発電させる。回生時の発電電力は、バッテリ60に蓄えられたり、廃電動作によって破棄されたりする。
次に、図3を参照して、制御装置50による動作の概要について説明する。なお、以下で説明する制御装置50の動作は、特に断りが無い限り、車両MがECVTモードで走行中に実行されるものとする。この場合、エンジン10は駆動輪25に直結していないため、制御装置50は、車速による制限を受けることなく、エンジン10の所定の出力を実現するために必要とされる回転数およびトルクの組み合わせ(出力=回転数×トルク)を無数に選択することができる。
次に、図5を参照して、制御装置50による動作の流れについて説明する。図5は、制御装置50による動作の流れの一例を示すフローチャートである。
12 第1モータ
14 ロックアップクラッチ
16 ギアボックス
18 第2モータ
20 ブレーキ装置
30 PCU
32 第1変換器
34 第2変換器
40 VCU
50 制御装置
51 エンジン制御部
52 モータ制御部
53 ブレーキ制御部
54 バッテリ・VCU制御部
55 ハイブリッド制御部
60 バッテリ
70 アクセル開度センサ
72 車速センサ
74 ブレーキ踏量センサ
Claims (8)
- 内燃機関と、前記内燃機関によって回転可能な発電機と、前記発電機の回転により発電された電力を保存するバッテリと、前記バッテリから電力を供給され、駆動輪に駆動力を出力する電動機と、を備える車両の制御装置であって、
前記内燃機関と前記駆動輪とが機械的に連結しない状態で前記内燃機関が動作し、かつ前記内燃機関が理論空燃比に従って動作するストイキ運転を行っているときに要求された出力が閾値以上となったタイミングで、前記内燃機関の回転数を、前記内燃機関の燃料の酸素に対する比率が前記理論空燃比よりも高いリッチ運転において設定される回転数にまで増加させることを開始する、
制御装置。 - 前記内燃機関と前記駆動輪とが機械的に連結しない状態で前記内燃機関が動作し、かつ前記ストイキ運転を行っているときに、前記内燃機関の回転数を、前記リッチ運転において設定される回転数にまで増加させた後、前記ストイキ運転を前記リッチ運転に切り替えて前記内燃機関のトルクを増加させる場合、前記トルクの増加率を制限する、
請求項1に記載の制御装置。 - 前記車両の速度が低いほど、前記トルクの増加率の制限度合いを強くする、
請求項2に記載の制御装置。 - 前記内燃機関と前記駆動輪とが機械的に連結しない状態で前記内燃機関が動作し、かつ前記ストイキ運転を行っているときに、前記内燃機関の回転数を、前記リッチ運転において設定される回転数にまで増加させた後、前記ストイキ運転を前記リッチ運転に切り替えて前記電動機の出力を増加させる場合、前記出力の増加率を制限する、
請求項1から3のうちいずれか1項に記載の制御装置。 - 前記車両の速度が低いほど、前記出力の増加率の制限度合いを強くする、
請求項4に記載の制御装置。 - 前記内燃機関と前記駆動輪とが機械的に連結しない状態で前記内燃機関が動作し、かつ前記ストイキ運転を行っており、かつ前記バッテリの充電度合いが基準値以下である場合、前記内燃機関の回転数を、前記リッチ運転において設定される回転数にまで増加させた後、前記ストイキ運転を前記リッチ運転に切り替えて前記電動機の出力を増加させて、前記出力の増加率を制限する、
請求項4又は5に記載の制御装置。 - 前記内燃機関と前記駆動輪とが機械的に連結しない状態で前記内燃機関が動作し、かつ前記ストイキ運転を行っているときに、前記内燃機関の回転数を、前記リッチ運転において設定される回転数にまで増加させた後、前記内燃機関における触媒の温度が所定値以上となった場合に、前記ストイキ運転を前記リッチ運転に切り替える、
請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の制御装置。 - 内燃機関と、前記内燃機関によって回転可能な発電機と、前記発電機の回転により発電された電力を保存するバッテリと、前記バッテリから電力を供給され、駆動輪に駆動力を出力する電動機と、制御装置と、を備える車両であって、
前記制御装置は、前記内燃機関と前記駆動輪とが機械的に連結しない状態で前記内燃機関が動作し、かつ前記内燃機関が理論空燃比に従って動作するストイキ運転を行っているときに要求された出力が閾値以上となったタイミングで、前記内燃機関の回転数を、前記内燃機関の燃料の酸素に対する比率が前記理論空燃比よりも高いリッチ運転において設定される回転数にまで増加させることを開始する、
車両。
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