JP7235783B2 - 制御装置、および車両 - Google Patents
制御装置、および車両 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7235783B2 JP7235783B2 JP2021016664A JP2021016664A JP7235783B2 JP 7235783 B2 JP7235783 B2 JP 7235783B2 JP 2021016664 A JP2021016664 A JP 2021016664A JP 2021016664 A JP2021016664 A JP 2021016664A JP 7235783 B2 JP7235783 B2 JP 7235783B2
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- internal combustion
- combustion engine
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- battery
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
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- B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2710/08—Electric propulsion units
- B60W2710/083—Torque
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
- B60W2710/18—Braking system
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
Description
(1):本発明の一態様に係る制御装置は、内燃機関と、前記内燃機関によって回転可能な発電機と、前記発電機の回転により発電された電力を保存するバッテリと、前記バッテリから電力を供給され、駆動輪に駆動力を出力する電動機と、を備える車両の制御装置であって、前記内燃機関と前記駆動輪とが機械的に連結しない状態で前記内燃機関が動作している場合において、前記内燃機関によって排出された排気を前記内燃機関に循環させる排気再循環を行っており、かつ前記内燃機関の回転数およびトルクを、前記排気再循環を考慮した第1燃費最適動作線と要求出力とに基づく第1回転数および第1トルクに設定して前記内燃機関を動作させる第1状態から、前記排気再循環を行わない第2状態に切り替わるときに、前記内燃機関の回転数を、前記排気再循環を考慮しない第2燃費最適動作線と要求出力とに基づく第2回転数よりも前記第1回転数に近い回転数に設定すると共に、前記内燃機関のトルクを前記第1トルクよりも小さい第2トルクに設定して前記内燃機関を動作させ、前記バッテリに前記第1トルクに対して不足する出力に相当する電力を出力させるアシスト運転を行うか、前記内燃機関の回転数およびトルクを、前記第1回転数および前記第1トルクに設定して前記内燃機関を動作させることを継続する非アシスト運転を行うかを、少なくとも前記バッテリ出力に基づいて決定し、前記第1燃費最適動作線は前記第2燃費最適動作線よりも同じ回転数に対してより大きいトルクを示す、ものである。
前記バッテリ出力が閾値以上となったときに前記アシスト運転を行うと決定し、前記バッテリ出力が前記閾値未満となったときに前記非アシスト運転を行うと決定するものである。
図1は、本実施形態の車両Mの構成の一例を示す図である。図示する構成の車両Mは、シリーズ方式とパラレル方式とを切り換え可能なハイブリッド車両である。シリーズ方式とは、エンジンと駆動輪が機械的に連結されておらず、エンジンの動力は専ら発電機による発電に用いられ、発電電力が走行用の電動機に供給される方式である。パラレル方式とは、エンジンと駆動輪を機械的に(或いはトルクコンバータなどの流体を介して)連結可能であり、エンジンの動力を駆動輪に伝えたり発電に用いたりすることが可能な方式である。図1に示す構成の車両Mは、ロックアップクラッチ14を接続したり、切り離したりすることで、シリーズ方式とパラレル方式とを切り換えることができる。
以下、ハイブリッド制御部55により決定される走行モードについて説明する。走行モードには、以下のものが存在する。
シリーズハイブリッド走行モードにおいて、ハイブリッド制御部55は、ロックアップクラッチ14を分離状態にし、エンジン10に燃料を供給して動作させ、第1モータ12で発電した電力をバッテリ60および第2モータ18に提供する。そして、第1モータ12またはバッテリ60から供給される電力を用いて第2モータ18を駆動し、第2モータ18からの動力によって車両Mを走行させる。シリーズハイブリッド走行モードは、「内燃機関と駆動輪とが機械的に連結しない状態で内燃機関が動作している」モードの一例である。
EV走行モードにおいて、ハイブリッド制御部55は、ロックアップクラッチ14を分離状態にし、バッテリ60から供給される電力を用いて第2モータ18を駆動し、第2モータ18からの動力によって車両Mを走行させる。
エンジンドライブ走行モードにおいて、ハイブリッド制御部55は、ロックアップクラッチ14を接続状態にし、エンジン10に燃料を消費して動作させ、エンジン10の出力する動力の少なくとも一部を駆動輪25に伝達して車両Mを走行させる。この際に、第1モータ12は発電を行ってもよいし、行わなくてもよい。
回生時において、ハイブリッド制御部55は、ロックアップクラッチ14を分離状態にし、第2モータ18に車両Mの運動エネルギーを用いて発電させる。回生時の発電電力は、バッテリ60に蓄えられたり、廃電動作によって破棄されたりする。
次に、図3を参照して、制御装置50による動作の概要について説明する。なお、以下で説明する制御装置50の動作は、特に断りが無い限り、車両MがECVTモードで走行中に実行されるものとする。この場合、エンジン10は駆動輪25に直結していないため、制御装置50は、車速による制限を受けることなく、エンジン10の所定の出力を実現するために必要とされる回転数およびトルクの組み合わせを無数に選択することができる。
次に、図5を参照して、制御装置50による動作の流れについて説明する。図5は、制御装置50によって実行される動作の流れを示すフローチャートである。このフローチャートの処理は、所定の制御サイクルごとに実行される。
プログラムを記憶した記憶装置と、
ハードウェアプロセッサと、を備え、
前記ハードウェアプロセッサが前記記憶装置に記憶されたプログラムを実行することにより、内燃機関と、前記内燃機関によって回転可能な発電機と、前記発電機の回転により発電された電力を保存するバッテリと、前記バッテリから電力を供給され、駆動輪に駆動力を出力する電動機と、を備える車両について、前記内燃機関と前記駆動輪とが機械的に連結しない状態で前記内燃機関が動作している場合において、前記内燃機関によって排出された排気を前記内燃機関に循環させる排気再循環を行っており、かつ前記内燃機関の回転数およびトルクを、前記排気再循環を考慮した第1燃費最適動作線と要求出力とに基づく第1回転数および第1トルクに設定して前記内燃機関を動作させる第1状態から、前記排気再循環を行わない第2状態に切り替わるときに、前記内燃機関の回転数を、前記排気再循環を考慮しない第2燃費最適動作線と要求出力とに基づく第2回転数よりも前記第1回転数に近い回転数に設定すると共に、前記内燃機関のトルクを前記第1トルクよりも小さい第2トルクに設定して前記内燃機関を動作させ、前記バッテリに前記第1トルクに対して不足する出力に相当する電力を出力させるアシスト運転を行うか、前記内燃機関の回転数およびトルクを、前記第1回転数および前記第1トルクに設定して前記内燃機関を動作させることを継続する非アシスト運転を行うかを、少なくとも前記バッテリの充電状態に基づいて決定し、前記第1燃費最適動作線は前記第2燃費最適動作線よりも同じ回転数に対してより大きいトルクを示す、制御装置。
12 第1モータ
14 ロックアップクラッチ
16 ギアボックス
18 第2モータ
20 ブレーキ装置
30 PCU
32 第1変換器
34 第2変換器
40 VCU
50 制御装置
60 バッテリ
70 アクセル開度センサ
72 車速センサ
74 ブレーキ踏量センサ
Claims (6)
- 内燃機関と、前記内燃機関によって回転可能な発電機と、前記発電機の回転により発電された電力を保存するバッテリと、前記バッテリから電力を供給され、駆動輪に駆動力を出力する電動機と、を備える車両の制御装置であって、
前記内燃機関と前記駆動輪とが機械的に連結しない状態で前記内燃機関が動作している場合において、前記内燃機関によって排出された排気を前記内燃機関に循環させる排気再循環を行っており、かつ前記内燃機関の回転数およびトルクを、前記排気再循環を考慮した第1燃費最適動作線と要求出力とに基づく第1回転数および第1トルクに設定して前記内燃機関を動作させる第1状態から、前記排気再循環を行わない第2状態に切り替わるときに、
前記内燃機関の回転数を、前記排気再循環を考慮しない第2燃費最適動作線と要求出力とに基づく第2回転数よりも前記第1回転数に近い回転数に設定すると共に、前記内燃機関のトルクを前記第1トルクよりも小さい第2トルクに設定して前記内燃機関を動作させ、前記バッテリに出力させる電力を、前記第2トルクと前記第1回転数に近い回転数とによって定まる電力が前記要求出力に対して不足する分、前記第1状態に比して増加させるアシスト運転を行うか、
前記内燃機関の回転数およびトルクを、前記第1回転数および前記第1トルクに設定して前記内燃機関を動作させることを継続する非アシスト運転を行うかを、少なくともバッテリ出力に基づいて決定し、
前記第1燃費最適動作線は前記第2燃費最適動作線よりも同じ回転数に対してより大きいトルクを示す、
制御装置。 - 前記バッテリ出力は充電率と温度から算出され、
前記バッテリ出力が閾値以上となったときに前記アシスト運転を行うと決定し、前記バッテリ出力が前記閾値未満となったときに前記非アシスト運転を行うと決定する、
請求項1に記載の制御装置。 - 前記バッテリ出力が前記閾値未満となり、前記非アシスト運転が行われていた後、前記バッテリ出力が前記閾値以上となった場合、前記非アシスト運転を前記アシスト運転に切り替える、
請求項2に記載の制御装置。 - 前記アシスト運転は、前記内燃機関の回転数を前記第1回転数に設定するものである、
請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の制御装置。 - 前記第2トルクは、前記第2燃費最適動作線における前記第1回転数に対応するトルクである、
請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の制御装置。 - 内燃機関と、
前記内燃機関によって回転可能な発電機と、
前記発電機の回転により発電された電力を保存するバッテリと、
前記バッテリから電力を供給され、駆動輪に駆動力を出力する電動機と、
制御装置と、を備える車両であって、
前記制御装置は、前記内燃機関と前記駆動輪とが機械的に連結しない状態で前記内燃機関が動作している場合において、前記内燃機関によって排出された排気を前記内燃機関に循環させる排気再循環を行っており、かつ前記内燃機関の回転数およびトルクを、前記排気再循環を考慮した第1燃費最適動作線と要求出力とに基づく第1回転数および第1トルクに設定して前記内燃機関を動作させる第1状態から、前記排気再循環を行わない第2状態に切り替わるときに、
前記内燃機関の回転数を、前記排気再循環を考慮しない第2燃費最適動作線と要求出力とに基づく第2回転数よりも前記第1回転数に近い回転数に設定すると共に、前記内燃機関のトルクを前記第1トルクよりも小さい第2トルクに設定して前記内燃機関を動作させ、前記バッテリに出力させる電力を、前記第2トルクと前記第1回転数に近い回転数とによって定まる電力が前記要求出力に対して不足する分、前記第1状態に比して増加させるアシスト運転を行うか、
前記内燃機関の回転数およびトルクを、前記第1回転数および前記第1トルクに設定して前記内燃機関を動作させることを継続する非アシスト運転を行うかを、少なくとも前記バッテリ出力に基づいて決定し、
前記第1燃費最適動作線は前記第2燃費最適動作線よりも同じ回転数に対してより大きいトルクを示す、車両。
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