JP2022073236A - 燃料電池車両 - Google Patents
燃料電池車両 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 194
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 239
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 239
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 213
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 claims description 63
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 23
- 108010066278 cabin-4 Proteins 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 5
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- -1 hydrogen Chemical compound 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 101150050957 TNKS gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052815 sulfur oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000809 air pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100001243 air pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical class S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
車両前部に配置され、内部に座席が設けられる客室と、
前記客室の下方に搭載される燃料電池と、
前記客室の下方に形成され、前記燃料電池が収容される収容空間と、を備える燃料電池車両であって、
前記収容空間は、上方が前記客室の底部によって形成された天井面に覆われ、後方が開口しており、
前記天井面には、前記収容空間の水素濃度を検知する検知手段が設けられる。
図1及び図2に示すように、燃料電池車両1は、前後方向に延在する左右一対のサイドメンバ2と、左右のサイドメンバ2間で車幅方向に延びて左右のサイドメンバ2を連結する複数のクロスメンバ3と、によって梯子状に形成されたフレーム構造の車体を有する。左右一対のサイドメンバ2の前端部の上方には、乗員が着席する座席6が内部に設けられた客室4が設けられている。客室4は、燃料電池車両1の前部に配置されている。客室4の後方である左右のサイドメンバ2の上方には、荷台部5が設けられている。客室4の下方には、左右一対の前輪FWが設けられている。前輪FWの後方には、左右一対の後前輪RW1及び後後輪RW2が設けられている。後前輪RW1は、左右それぞれに2つずつの車輪を有し、後後輪RW2は、後前輪RW1の後方で、左右それぞれに2つずつの車輪を有する。後前輪RW1及び後後輪RW2は、左右一対のサイドメンバ2の車幅方向外側に設けられている。
次に、燃料電池車両1における水素漏れ対策について、図2~図4を参照しながら説明する。
前記客室の下方に搭載される燃料電池(燃料電池FC)と、
前記客室の下方に形成され、前記燃料電池が収容される収容空間(収容空間7)と、を備える燃料電池車両(燃料電池車両1)であって、
前記収容空間は、上方が前記客室の底部によって形成された天井面(天井面71)に覆われ、後方が開口しており、
前記天井面には、前記収容空間の水素濃度を検知する検知手段(水素センサS)が設けられる、燃料電池車両。
前記天井面は、側面視で、前方から後方に向かうにしたがって、上方に位置するように形成される、燃料電池車両。
前記天井面は、後面視で、車幅方向の中心に向かうにしたがって、上方に位置するように形成される、燃料電池車両。
前記客室の上面(上面41)から上方に開口する排気部(排気部10)と、
前記収容空間と前記排気部とを連通する連通路(連通路9)と、をさらに備え、
前記連通路は、前記天井面から上方に延びて前記排気部に接続する、燃料電池車両。
前記排気部及び前記連通路は、前記客室の後面(後面42)に形成された、前方に向かって窪んだ凹部である、燃料電池車両。
前記天井面は、前記連通路に向かうにしたがって、上方に位置するように形成される、燃料電池車両。
前記天井面と上下方向で対向し、前記燃料電池の下方を覆うアンダーカバー(アンダーカバー11)をさらに備え、
前記収容空間は、下方が前記アンダーカバーに覆われている、燃料電池車両。
前記客室の後方に設けられた荷台部(荷台部5)と、
前記荷台部の下方に搭載され、水素が圧縮充填された水素タンク(水素タンクTNK)と、
前記水素タンクと前記燃料電池とを接続する水素配管(水素配管L1)と、をさらに備え、
前記水素配管には、熱作動式過圧防止安全装置(熱作動式過圧防止安全装置TPRD)が設けられており、
前記熱作動式過圧防止安全装置は、前後方向において、前記客室と前記荷台部との間に配置されている、燃料電池車両。
前後方向に延在する左右一対のサイドメンバ(サイドメンバ2)を備えたフレーム構造の車体を有し、
前記客室の後方に配置され、水素が圧縮充填された水素タンク(水素タンクTNK)と、
前記水素タンクと前記燃料電池とを接続する水素配管(水素配管L1)と、
前記客室の後方に配置された二次電池(二次電池BAT)と、
前記客室の後方に配置された駆動用電動機(駆動用電動機MOT)と、
前記燃料電池、前記二次電池、及び前記駆動用電動機を電気的に接続する電力線(電力線Le)と、をさらに備え、
前記二次電池、前記駆動用電動機、及び前記電力線は、前記左右一対のサイドメンバの間に配置され、
前記水素タンクは、前記左右一対のサイドメンバよりも車幅方向の外側に配置され、
前記水素配管は、側面視で、前記電力線よりも上方且つ前記検知手段よりも下方に設けられている、燃料電池車両。
さらに、燃料電池車両が側面衝突した場合でも、二次電池、駆動用電動機、及び電力線は、左右一対のサイドメンバによって保護され、二次電池、駆動用電動機、制御ユニット、及び電力線が損傷することを抑制でき、さらに、水素タンクは、左右一対のサイドメンバに衝突するので、水素タンクが、左右一対のサイドメンバの間に侵入することを抑制できる。これにより、燃料電池車両が側面衝突した場合でも、二次電池、駆動用電動機、及び電力線が損傷して外部放電することを抑制でき、水素タンクが、左右一対のサイドメンバの間に侵入して、水素タンクから漏れ出た水素が、二次電池、駆動用電動機、及び電力線と接触することを抑制できるので、燃料電池車両が側面衝突した場合でも、水素タンクから漏れ出た水素が、二次電池、駆動用電動機、及び電力線と接触して発火することを防止できる。
2 サイドメンバ
4 客室
41 上面
42 後面
5 荷台部
6 座席
7 収容空間
71 天井面
9 連通路
10 排気部
11 アンダーカバー
L1 水素配管
Le 電力線
BAT 二次電池
FC 燃料電池
MOT 駆動用電動機
S 水素センサ(検知手段)
TNK 水素タンク
TPRD 熱作動式過圧防止安全装置
Claims (9)
- 車両前部に配置され、乗員が着席する座席が内部に設けられた客室と、
前記客室の下方に搭載される燃料電池と、
前記客室の下方に形成され、前記燃料電池が収容される収容空間と、を備える燃料電池車両であって、
前記収容空間は、上方が前記客室の底部によって形成された天井面に覆われ、後方が開口しており、
前記天井面には、前記収容空間の水素濃度を検知する検知手段が設けられる、燃料電池車両。 - 請求項1に記載の燃料電池車両であって、
前記天井面は、側面視で、前方から後方に向かうにしたがって、上方に位置するように形成される、燃料電池車両。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池車両であって、
前記天井面は、後面視で、車幅方向の中心に向かうにしたがって、上方に位置するように形成される、燃料電池車両。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池車両であって、
前記客室の上面から上方に開口する排気部と、
前記収容空間と前記排気部とを連通する連通路(水素誘導部)と、をさらに備え、
前記連通路は、前記天井面から上方に延びて前記排気部に接続する、燃料電池車両。 - 請求項4に記載の燃料電池車両であって、
前記排気部及び前記連通路は、前記客室の後面に形成された、前方に向かって窪んだ凹部である、燃料電池車両。 - 請求項4又は5に記載の燃料電池車両であって、
前記天井面は、前記連通路に向かうにしたがって、上方に位置するように形成される、燃料電池車両。 - 請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池車両であって、
前記天井面と上下方向で対向し、前記燃料電池の下方を覆うアンダーカバーをさらに備え、
前記収容空間は、下方が前記アンダーカバーに覆われている、燃料電池車両。 - 請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池車両であって、
前記客室の後方に設けられた荷台部と、
前記荷台部の下方に搭載され、水素が圧縮充填された水素タンクと、
前記水素タンクと前記燃料電池とを接続する水素配管と、をさらに備え、
前記水素配管には、熱作動式過圧防止安全装置が設けられており、
前記熱作動式過圧防止安全装置は、前後方向において、前記客室と前記荷台部との間に配置されている、燃料電池車両。 - 請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の燃料電池車両であって、
前後方向に延在する左右一対のサイドメンバを備えたフレーム構造の車体を有し、
前記客室の後方に配置され、水素が圧縮充填された水素タンクと、
前記水素タンクと前記燃料電池とを接続する水素配管と、
前記客室の後方に配置された二次電池と、
前記客室の後方に配置された駆動用電動機と、
前記燃料電池、前記二次電池、及び前記駆動用電動機を電気的に接続する電力線と、をさらに備え、
前記二次電池、前記駆動用電動機、及び前記電力線は、前記左右一対のサイドメンバの間に配置され、
前記水素タンクは、前記左右一対のサイドメンバよりも車幅方向の外側に配置され、
前記水素配管は、側面視で、前記電力線よりも上方且つ前記検知手段よりも下方に設けられている、燃料電池車両。
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