JP2022068371A - RNAi分子とN-アセチル化キトサンとを含む複合体 - Google Patents
RNAi分子とN-アセチル化キトサンとを含む複合体 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
[1]CHST15遺伝子の発現を抑制するRNAi分子とN-アセチル化キトサンとを含む複合体。
[2]前記N-アセチル化キトサンのアセチル化度が、70~100%である、[1]に記載の複合体。
[3]前記RNAi分子がsiRNAである、[1]又は[2]に記載の複合体。
[4]前記RNAi分子が、配列番号1に示される塩基配列を含むアンチセンス鎖と、該アンチセンス鎖に相補的な塩基配列を含むセンス鎖とを含む、[1]~[3]のいずれかに記載の複合体。
[5]CHST15遺伝子の発現を抑制するRNAi分子とN-アセチル化キトサンとを含む複合体を製造する方法であって、
(a)該RNAi分子とキトサンとを混合して、複合体を形成させる工程、
(b)工程(a)で得られた複合体を乾燥する工程、及び
(c)工程(b)で得られた乾燥した複合体中のキトサンをアセチル化する工程
を含む、方法。
[6][1]~[4]のいずれかに記載の複合体を含む、消化管の炎症性疾患又は粘膜障害を治療又は予防するための、医薬組成物。
[7]経口投与又は経直腸投与用の、[6]に記載の医薬組成物。
[8]前記炎症性疾患又は粘膜障害が、炎症性腸疾患、潰瘍性大腸炎、クローン病、食道炎、胃腸炎、NSAID誘発腸炎、腸管ベーチェット病、単純性潰瘍、消化管癌に対する内視鏡的切除後の人工潰瘍、膠原病に伴う腸炎、放射線による腸炎、虚血性腸炎、逆流性食道炎、バレット食道、薬剤性食道炎若しくは胃腸炎、並びに薬剤抵抗性若しくは不応性の消化性潰瘍からなる群から選択される、[6]又は[7]に記載の医薬組成物。
本発明は、CHST15遺伝子の発現を抑制するRNAi分子とN-アセチル化キトサンとを含む複合体を提供する。
本発明はまた、CHST15遺伝子の発現を抑制するRNAi分子とN-アセチル化キトサンとを含む複合体を製造する方法を提供する。本方法は、(a)該RNAi分子とキトサンとを混合して、複合体を形成させる工程、(b)工程(a)で得られた複合体を乾燥する工程、及び(c)工程(b)で得られた乾燥した複合体中のキトサンをアセチル化する工程を含む。
本発明はまた、CHST15遺伝子の発現を抑制するRNAi分子とN-アセチル化キトサンとを含む複合体を含む、疾患の治療又は予防のための医薬組成物を提供する。本明細書において「治療」とは疾患若しくは症状を治癒、軽減、又は改善することを意味し、「予防」とは疾患若しくは症状の発症を阻止、抑制、又は遅延することを意味する。
DSS誘発急性大腸炎モデルマウスに投与したCHST15 siRNA/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体の効果
デキストラン硫酸ナトリウム(DSS)で誘発した大腸炎モデルマウスに経口投与したCHST15 siRNA/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体のRNAi効果及び治療効果を検討した。本DSS誘発性大腸炎モデルは、マウス潰瘍性大腸炎やクローン病などの炎症性腸疾患の標準的実験モデルとして広く用いられている。
(siRNA/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体)
CHST15 siRNA/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体及び陰性対照siRNA(N.C.)/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体の調製方法を以下に説明する。具体的な調製方法は、プラスミドDNAの代わりにsiRNAを使用したことを除いて、Kai E et al., Pharmaceutical Research 21: 838-843 (2004)に記載の方法に準じた。
8週齢の雌性C57BL/6Jマウスを日本SLC(静岡、日本)から得た。本実施例で用いた全ての動物は、動物実験に関する日本薬理学会指針にしたがって飼育した。動物は、慣用の条件下、具体的には、清潔なケージ内で、制御された室温(22~28℃)及び湿度(35~55%)の下で、動物施設において維持した。動物は、ケージ1個あたり最大3匹のマウスを有する、ポリカーボネートケージ(KN-600、夏目製作所、日本)中で飼育した。マウスには滅菌した通常の食餌、及び蒸留水を自由に与えた。
デキストラン硫酸ナトリウム(DSS)はMP Biomedicals社から購入した。2.5%(w/v)DSS水溶液をマウスに3日間(DSS水溶液をマウスに与えた初日を0日目として、0、1及び2日目に)自由に与えて、急性大腸炎を誘発した。
処置群は以下の3群からなった。
・第1群: 正常(DSS無し、複合体投与無し)
・第2群: DSS誘発大腸炎、陰性対照siRNA(N.C.)/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体投与
・第3群: DSS誘発大腸炎、CHST15 siRNA/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体投与
疾患活動指数(DAI)を、3日目のマウスにおいて体重減少、便潜血及び便の硬さについて評価した指数を合計することによって計算した。体重減少、便潜血及び便の硬さの評価基準を表1に示す。
遠位結腸(大腸)の約1.5~2.0cmを10%中性緩衝ホルマリン(和光純薬工業、日本)中で固定し、パラフィンに包埋し、4μm切片にしてHE染色を行った。切片を顕微鏡下で観察した。組織学的スコアを、腸管上皮損傷及び炎症性浸潤について評価した指数を合計することによって計算した。腸管上皮損傷及び炎症性浸潤の評価基準を表2に示す。
全RNAを、RNAiso(タカラバイオ、日本)を用いて製造業者の説明書にしたがって結腸サンプルから抽出した。4.4mM MgCl2(F. Hoffmann-La Roche、スイス)、40U RNaseインヒビター(東洋紡、日本)、0.5mM dNTP(Promega、米国)、6.28μM ランダムヘキサマー(Promega)、5×ファーストストランドバッファー(Promega)、10mM ジチオスレイトール(Invitrogen)及び200U MMLV-RT(Invitrogen)を含有する反応混合物を用いて最終体積20μL中で、1μgのRNAを逆転写した。反応を37℃で1時間行い、その後、99℃で5分処理した。リアルタイムPCR DICE及びSYBRプレミックスTaq(タカラバイオ)を用いてリアルタイムPCRを行った。用いたプライマーの配列を、CHST15遺伝子について配列番号9及び10に、TNF-α遺伝子について配列番号11及び12に、MCP-1遺伝子について配列番号13及び14に、ROR-γ遺伝子について配列番号15及び16に、36B4遺伝子について配列番号17及び18に示す。相対的mRNA発現レベルを計算するため、各遺伝子(CHST15、TNF-α、MCP-1及びROR-γ)の発現を参照遺伝子36B4の発現に対して正規化した。
DAI、結腸の長さ、組織学的スコア、及び相対的遺伝子発現レベルについて、GraphPad Prism 4(GraphPad Software、米国)を用いてボンフェローニ多重比較検定を使用して統計的検定を行った。P値<0.05を統計的に有意であると見なした。片側t検定がP値<0.05を返した場合、ある傾向を推測した。結果を平均±標準偏差として表した。図面では、P値<0.05を「*」、P値<0.01を「**」、P値<0.001を「***」、P値≧0.05を「n.s.」(有意差無し)と表した。
(疾患活動指数)
疾患活動指数(DAI)の結果を図1に示す。大腸炎モデルマウスのN.C.投与群(第2群)において測定されたDAIは、正常(第1群)と比較して、有意に増加した。大腸炎モデルマウスのCHST15 siRNA投与群(第3群)は、N.C.投与群(第2群)と比較して、DAIの有意な低減を示した。この結果から、CHST15 siRNA/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体は、大腸炎の活動性を抑制することが示された。
結腸の長さの結果を図2に示す。結腸の長さは、3日目の大腸炎モデルマウスのN.C.投与群(第2群)において、正常(第1群)と比較して、有意に短かった。一方、大腸炎モデルマウスのCHST15 siRNA投与群(第3群)において、N.C.投与群(第2群)と比較して、結腸の長さは有意に長かった。この結果から、CHST15 siRNA/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体は、大腸炎による結腸の短縮からの保護をもたらすことが示された。
HEで染色した結腸切片を用いて、腸管上皮損傷及び炎症性浸潤を評価した。HE染色切片の代表的な顕微鏡写真を図3に示す。重度の潰瘍は3日目にどの群でも観察されなかったが、炎症性浸潤を伴う局所的潰瘍性病変は、大腸炎モデルマウスのN.C.投与群(第2群)において観察された(図3A)。これらの病変は全て、固有層に見られ、第2群における杯細胞の喪失を伴った。大腸炎モデルマウスのCHST15 siRNA投与群(第3群)では、わずかに陰窩損傷及び炎症性浸潤が低減した(図3B)。組織学的スコアも、大腸炎モデルマウスのCHST15 siRNA投与群(第3群)において、N.C.投与群(第2群)と比較して有意に低減した(図4)。これらの結果から、CHST15 siRNA/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体は、大腸炎に対して組織学的にも治療効果を有すること、さらに、炎症を誘発しないことが示された。
CHST15遺伝子発現の結果を図5に示す。結腸におけるCHST15 mRNAは、大腸炎モデルマウスのN.C.投与群(第2群)において、正常(第1群)と比較して有意に増加した。一方、大腸炎モデルマウスのCHST15 siRNA投与群(第3群)は、N.C.投与群(第2群)と比較して、結腸におけるCHST15 mRNAの有意な低減を示した。また、大腸炎モデルマウスのCHST15 siRNA投与群(第3群)とN.C.投与群(第2群)との間で、炎症によって発現が増加することが知られている、TNF-α、MCP-1及びROR-γ mRNAレベルに有意差はなかった。これらの結果から、CHST15 siRNA/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体は、結腸(大腸)においてCHST15 mRNAを特異的に低減すること、さらに、炎症を誘発しないことが示された。
NSAID誘発小腸炎モデルマウスに投与したCHST15 siRNA/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体の効果
非ステロイド性抗炎症薬(NSAID)は、副作用として消化管に粘膜障害及び炎症を誘発することが分かっている。本実施例では、NSAIDであるインドメタシンで誘発した小腸炎モデルマウスに対する、経口投与したCHST15 siRNA/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体のRNAi効果及び治療効果を検討した。
実施例1に記載した方法によって、CHST15 siRNA/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体、及び陰性対照siRNA(N.C.)/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体を製造した。
7~8週齢の雌性C57BL/6Jマウスを日本SLC(静岡、日本)から得た。飼育条件は実施例1に記載したものと同様とした。
0日目に、NSAIDであるインドメタシン(和光純薬工業)を、マウス体重1kgあたり10mgの用量で皮下投与し、小腸炎を誘発した。
処置群は以下の4群からなった。
・第1群: 正常(NSAID無し、複合体投与無し)
・第2群: NSAID誘発小腸炎、偽(Mock)投与
・第3群: NSAID誘発小腸炎、陰性対照siRNA(N.C.)/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体投与
・第4群: NSAID誘発小腸炎、CHST15 siRNA/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体投与
結腸の代わりに空腸を用いたことを除いて、実施例1に記載したのと同様の方法で、定量的RT-PCRによってCHST15 mRNA発現レベルを決定した。空腸において目に見える潰瘍の数をカウントして、潰瘍スコアを決定した。統計的検定は、実施例1に記載したのと同様の方法で行った。
(遺伝子発現解析)
CHST15遺伝子発現解析の結果を図6に示す。空腸(小腸)におけるCHST15 mRNAは、小腸炎モデルマウスの偽投与群(第2群)及びN.C.投与群(第3群)において、正常(第1群)と比較して有意に増加した。一方、小腸炎モデルマウスのCHST15 siRNA投与群(第4群)は、偽投与群(第2群)及びN.C.投与群(第3群)と比較して、空腸におけるCHST15 mRNAの有意な低減を示した。この結果から、CHST15 siRNA/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体は、空腸(小腸)においてCHST15 mRNAを低減することが示された。
潰瘍スコア(潰瘍数)の結果を図7に示す。空腸(小腸)における潰瘍数は、小腸炎モデルマウスの偽投与群(第2群)及びN.C.投与群(第3群)において、正常(第1群)と比較して有意に増加した。一方、小腸炎モデルマウスのCHST15 siRNA投与群(第4群)は、偽投与群(第2群)及びN.C.投与群(第3群)と比較して、空腸における潰瘍数の有意な低減を示した。この結果から、CHST15 siRNA/N-アセチル化キトサン複合体は、空腸(小腸)におけるNSAID誘発性潰瘍の数を低減し、NSAID誘発小腸炎を抑制する効果を有することが示された。
Claims (8)
- CHST15遺伝子の発現を抑制するRNAi分子とN-アセチル化キトサンとを含む複合体。
- 前記RNAi分子がsiRNA又はshRNAである、請求項1に記載の複合体。
- 前記RNAi分子が、配列番号1に示される塩基配列を含むアンチセンス鎖と、該アンチセンス鎖に相補的な塩基配列を含むセンス鎖とを含む、請求項1又は2に記載の複合体。
- CHST15遺伝子の発現を抑制するRNAi分子とN-アセチル化キトサンとを含む複合体を製造する方法であって、
(a)該RNAi分子とキトサンとを混合して、複合体を形成させる工程、
(b)工程(a)で得られた複合体を乾燥する工程、及び
(c)工程(b)で得られた乾燥した複合体中のキトサンをアセチル化する工程
を含む、方法。 - 請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の複合体を含む、疾患の治療又は予防のための医薬組成物。
- 経口投与又は経直腸投与用の、請求項5に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記疾患が、消化管の炎症性疾患又は粘膜障害である、請求項5又は6に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記炎症性疾患又は粘膜障害が、炎症性腸疾患、潰瘍性大腸炎、クローン病、食道炎、胃腸炎、NSAID誘発腸炎、腸管ベーチェット病、単純性潰瘍、消化管癌に対する内視鏡的切除後の人工潰瘍、膠原病に伴う腸炎、放射線による腸炎、虚血性腸炎、逆流性食道炎、バレット食道、薬剤性食道炎若しくは胃腸炎、並びに薬剤抵抗性若しくは不応性の消化性潰瘍からなる群から選択される、請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。
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