JP2021517804A - 乳酸生産のための微生物と方法 - Google Patents
乳酸生産のための微生物と方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021517804A JP2021517804A JP2020543347A JP2020543347A JP2021517804A JP 2021517804 A JP2021517804 A JP 2021517804A JP 2020543347 A JP2020543347 A JP 2020543347A JP 2020543347 A JP2020543347 A JP 2020543347A JP 2021517804 A JP2021517804 A JP 2021517804A
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- lactic acid
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2018年2月16日に提出された米国仮出願第62/631,541号の優先権を主張する。
本発明は、化学的生産のための微生物の遺伝子操作の分野に関する。より具体的には、本発明は、遺伝子組み換え酵母を使用した、再生可能な炭素資源からの乳酸の生産に関する。
P5、LEU2、及びHIS3が含まれるが、これらに限定されない。生合成遺伝子が選択マーカーとして使用されるために、宿主株はもちろん、対応する遺伝子の変異、好ましくはヌル変異を含まなければならない。抗生物質耐性遺伝子の場合、耐性遺伝子は通常、選択が可能になるように宿主酵母株で十分に機能するプロモーターが必要である。発現が望まれる遺伝子はカセットの形態で宿主株に導入することができるが、遺伝子、例えば開始コドンから終止コドンまでのコード配列は、プロモーター又はターミネーターなく宿主染色体又はプラスミドに入ってくるコード化配列が、宿主株に固有の遺伝子のコード配列を正確に、又はおよそ置き換えるように組み込むことができ、これにより、組み込み後、入ってくるコーディング領域は、入ってくるコード配列によって置き換えられた宿主のコード配列の残りのプロモーターから発現される。
SD1555株の構築
出発株は、米国特許出願公開第2015/0240270号で説明される腐敗バガスから単離された野生型クラブツリー陽性株、K.マルキシアヌスSD98であった。組み込み形質転換のための選択マーカーとしてURA3遺伝子を使用するために、ネイティブKmURA3遺伝子をSD98から削除して株KMS95を得た。プラスミドpMS52(配列番号1)上に構築したカセットを組み込むことによってKmURA3遺伝子を削除した。カセットは、線状フラグメントとしてプラスミドから取得され、SD98に組み込まれ、ハイグロマイシン耐性を選択した(ハイグロマイシンプレート上にプレーティングする前に、ハイグロマイシンを含まないYPDで3時間増殖させた後に、YPD培地中の300mg/LハイグロマイシンB)。ハイグロマイシン耐性遺伝子は、アシュビャ・ゴシピイTEF1プロモーターによって駆動された。カセットをKmURA3遺伝子座に正しく組み込んだ後、中断されたKmURA3遺伝子の一部及びハイグロマイシン耐性遺伝子に直接反復を隣接させ、直接反復間の配列を5-フルオロオロチン酸(5-FOA)に対する耐性について第2の選択と共に相同組換えによってループアウトさせるようにして、URA3遺伝子をカウンター選択する;換言すると、URA3遺伝子の喪失を選択する。5-FOA耐性の選択は、1g/L 5-FOA及び24mg/Lウラシルを補充したCMグルコースマイナスウラシル培地(Teknova社、Hollister、California、USA)に約1億個の細胞をプレーティングすることにより行った。
SD1566株の構築
β-クロロ乳酸に耐性であったSD1555の誘導体(MilliporeSigma社、St. Louis、Missouri、USA)を以下のように選択した。約108個の細胞のSD1555の菌叢を、20g/Lのグルコースを含むSDM2培地を含むプレートに均一に広げた。β-クロロ乳酸の少量のスペックをプレートの中央に置いた。β-クロロ乳酸は異性体について特定されなかったため、D-異性体とL-異性体のラセミ混合物であると推定された。3日後、中央の殺傷ゾーンの周りに菌叢が増殖した。殺傷ゾーンの端に、いくつかの個別のコロニーが現れた。いくつかのそのようなコロニーを、20g/Lのグルコースと0.75g/Lのβ-クロロ乳酸を有するSDM2を含むプレートに再ストリークした。37℃で3日後、β-クロロ乳酸耐性のコロニーが出現した。親株SD1555は、3日目に同じプレート上に目に見える単一コロニーを与えなかった。
7リットル発酵槽でのSD1566株によるD-LACの生産
酵母株SD1566の接種液は、37℃で500mlバッフル付き振とうフラスコ内の150mlのYPS-MES培地中でOD 600nmが約2〜6になるまで増殖させた。150mlをNew Brunswick BioFlo 110又はEppendorf BioFlo 115発酵槽内で4リットルのAM1S培地に接種した。インペラー速度は750rpmであり、通気量は260ml/minであり、開始体積の0.065vvmに等しい。開始pHは約6.6であった。温度は37℃に設定された。激しく攪拌されたリザーバーに懸濁された3モルの水酸化カルシウムのスラリーの自動制御された蠕動ポンプによってpHが制御された。開始設定点はpH6であった。pH設定点は、時間ゼロ(接種時間)から30時間まで直線的にpH3.5まで自動的に下降させた(すなわち、減少させた)。実際のpHは33時間で3.5に達した。36時間後のD-LAC力価は110g/Lで、計算された収率は0.81g/gスクロース(2回の発酵の平均)であった。最終ピルビン酸力価は0.55g/Lであった。D-LACの平均比生産性は3.05g/L-時間であった。比較のために、同様の条件下で、親株SD1555は、39時間で78g/LのD-LACと9.8g/Lのピルビン酸を0.67g/gの収率で生産した。SD1555からのD-LACの平均比生産性は2.0g/L-時間であった。したがって、β-クロロ乳酸耐性株SD1566は、力価、収率、平均比生産性が改善し、そのピルビン酸副生産物の力価は、親SD1555よりも低かった。D-LAC力価は、図8に発酵時間の関数として示されている。
Claims (19)
- 乳酸を生産するように遺伝子操作された酵母株であって、染色体に組み込まれた、外因性乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼをコードする遺伝子を含み、発酵生産培地において少なくとも1.875g/L-時間の平均比生産性で乳酸を生産し、前記発酵生産培地は、3.86より低い最終pHを有する、酵母株。
- 前記酵母株が、発酵生産培地において、少なくとも3.00g/L-時間の平均比生産性で乳酸を生産する、請求項1に記載の酵母株。
- 前記酵母株が、少なくとも3.00g/L-時間の平均比生産性及び1g/L未満の最終ピルビン酸力価で発酵生産培地において乳酸を生産する、請求項1に記載の酵母株。
- 前記酵母株が、サッカロミセス属、クリベロミセス属、イサッチェンキア属、ピキア属、トルロプシス属、カンジダ属、ハンセヌラ属、ザイゴサッカロミセス属、シゾサッカロミセス属、ヤロウィア属、及びラカンセア属からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の酵母株。
- 前記酵母株が、サッカロミセス属及びクリベロミセス属からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の酵母株。
- 外因性乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼをコードする前記遺伝子が、ピルビン酸デカルボキシラーゼ遺伝子又はそのホモログ若しくは類似体、ホスホエノールピルビン酸カルボキシキナーゼ遺伝子又はそのホモログ若しくは類似体、グリセロール-3-リン酸ホスファターゼ遺伝子又はそのホモログ若しくは類似体、及びNADHデヒドロゲナーゼ1遺伝子又はそのホモログ若しくは類似体からなる群から選択される、少なくとも1つの染色体遺伝子座に組み込まれている、請求項1に記載の酵母株。
- 外因性乳酸デヒドロゲナーゼをコードする前記遺伝子が、ピルビン酸デカルボキシラーゼ遺伝子又はそのホモログ若しくは類似体、ホスホエノールピルビン酸カルボキシキナーゼ遺伝子又はそのホモログ若しくは類似体、グリセロール-3-リン酸ホスファターゼ遺伝子又はそのホモログ若しくは類似体、及びNADHデヒドロゲナーゼ1遺伝子又はそのホモログ若しくは類似体の遺伝子座に組み込まれている、請求項1に記載の酵母株。
- 前記酵母株が、乳酸類似体に耐性である、請求項1に記載の酵母株。
- 前記乳酸類似体が、3-クロロ乳酸(β-クロロ乳酸)、3,3-ジクロロ乳酸、3,3,3-トリクロロ乳酸、3-フルオロ乳酸、3,3-ジフルオロ乳酸、3,3,3-トリフルオロ乳酸、3-ブロモ乳酸、3,3-ジブロモ乳酸、3,3,3-トリブロモ乳酸、乳酸の全ての可能な2-ハロ置換誘導体、任意の上記の乳酸類似体の全てのキラル形態及び任意の乳酸類似体の任意の塩からなる群から選択される、請求項8に記載の酵母株。
- PCK1、NDE1、PDC1、及びGPP1からなる群から選択される1つ又は複数の遺伝子の機能を排除又は減少させるか、或いは前記1つ又は複数の遺伝子の1つ又は複数のホモログ若しくは類似体の機能を排除又は減少させる変異を更に含む、請求項1に記載の酵母株。
- 前記乳酸が、光学的に純粋なD-乳酸である、請求項1に記載の酵母株。
- 前記乳酸が、光学的に純粋なL-乳酸である、請求項1に記載の酵母株。
- 前記乳酸が、D-乳酸とL-乳酸の混合物である、請求項1に記載の酵母株。
- (a)請求項1に記載の酵母株及び発酵生産培地を提供する工程;及び
(b)前記酵母株を前記発酵生産培地で培養する工程;及び
(c)発酵生産培地から乳酸を回収する工程
を含む、乳酸の生産方法。 - 乳酸類似体に対する耐性が改善された酵母株を選択する方法であって、
(a)最初の培地で親酵母株を増殖させて、酵母細胞の集団を生成する工程;
(b)任意選択で、前記酵母細胞の集団を変異原に曝露する工程;
(c)前記酵母細胞の集団を、乳酸類似体を含む第2の培地に供する工程;及び
(d)前記酵母細胞の集団から酵母株を選択する工程
を含む、方法。 - PCK1遺伝子又はそのホモログ若しくは類似体の機能を排除又は減少させる変異を含む、乳酸を生産するように遺伝子操作された酵母株。
- NDE1遺伝子又はそのホモログ若しくは類似体の機能を排除又は減少させる変異を含む、乳酸を生産するように遺伝子操作された酵母株。
- PDC遺伝子又はそのホモログ若しくは類似体の機能を排除又は減少させる変異を含む、乳酸を生産するように遺伝子操作された酵母株。
- GPP1遺伝子又はそのホモログ若しくは類似体の機能を排除又は減少させる変異を含む、乳酸を生産するように遺伝子操作された酵母株。
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