JP2021139049A - 3次元物品を形成するための装置 - Google Patents
3次元物品を形成するための装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
・ステップは、より高いアクセラレータ電圧を必要とすることがあり、一方で他のプロセス・ステップは、多かれ少なかれアクセラレータ電圧の影響を受けない。異なるプロセス・ステップにおいて異なるアクセラレータ電圧を印加することによって3次元物品の最終品質を改善しうる。いくつかの実施形態では、異なるアクセラレータ電圧間の断続的なスイッチングが3次元物品の形成の2つの段階の間にあってよく、両方の段階が単一のプロセス・ステップ(例えば、予備加熱、または同様のもの)内にあってもよい。
クセラレータ電圧を異なる領域に対して同時に変更しながら往復してスイッチされてよい。ここでは、内側領域により高いアクセラレータ電圧を用いて、境界領域にはより低いアクセラレータ電圧を用いることができる。
なるように提供される。別に定義されない限り、本明細書に用いられるすべての技術用語および科学用語は、本発明が関係する分野における当業者によって一般に知られ、理解されるのと同じ意味を持つ。用語「または(or)」は、別に示されない限り、本明細書では択一的および連言的意味の両方で用いられる。同様の番号は、全体を通じて同様の要素を指す。
、チタン、チタン合金、アルミニウム、アルミニウム合金、ステンレス鋼、Co−Cr合金、ニッケル基超合金などであってよい。
子放出によって電子を放出する。
との間に印加される。
、ネット構造を形成するために用いられてよい。ソリッド構造の溶融中に、アクセラレータ電圧は、65〜100kVの間にあってよいのに対して、ネット構造の溶融中には、アクセラレータ電圧は、40〜65kVの間にあってよい。図5は、3次元物品500の断側面図を示す。3次元物品500は、ソリッド部分510およびネット構造部分520を備える。ネット構造は、ソリッド構造を溶融させるのと比較してより低いアクセラレータ電圧を用いて溶融されてよい。その理由は、侵入深さがネット構造自体の寸法に制限されることが必要であるかもしれず、このため、高過ぎるアクセラレータ電圧を用いることができないということである。
kVの間の比較的低いアクセラレータ電圧を用いてよい。いくつかの実施形態において、比較的高いアクセラレータ電圧は、2kV未満の任意の値である。部分的に重なっていれば、融解および加熱スポット810、820が同じサイズであってもよい。同心円状であれば、2つのスポットが異なるサイズであり、2つのうちで加熱スポットの方が大きいことになる。いくつかの部分的に重なった実施形態では、融解および加熱スポットが異なるサイズであってもよい。これらおよびさらに他の実施形態のいずれにおいても、高および低アクセラレータ電圧の間のスイッチング周波数は、100Hz〜20kHzの間であってよい。従って、単位時間当たりの密度が電流の増加、より小さいスポットの使用、および/またはより遅い走査速度の使用なしに増加される。
圧は、少なくとも50kV互いに異なる。
ば、予備加熱、または同様のもの)内にあってよい。
ory card)、セキュアデジタル(SD:secure digital)メモリカード、スマートメディアカード、コンパクトフラッシュ(登録商標)(CF:CompactFlash)カード、メモリスティック、および/または同様のものも含んでよい。さらに、不揮発性コンピュータ可読記憶媒体は、導電性ブリッジングランダムアクセスメモリ(CBRAM:conductive−bridging RAM)、相変化ランダムアクセスメモリ(PRAM:phase−change RAM)、強誘電体ランダムアクセスメモリ(FeRAM:ferroelectric RAM)、不揮発性ランダムアクセスメモリ(NVRAM:nonvolatile RAM)、磁気抵抗ランダムアクセスメモリ(MRAM:magnetoresistive RAM)、抵抗変化型ランダムアクセスメモリ(RRAM(登録商標):resistive RAM)、シリコン−酸化物−窒化物−酸化物−シリコンメモリ(SONOS:Silicon−Oxide−Nitride−Oxide−Silicon memory)、浮遊接合ゲートランダムアクセスメモリ(FJG RAM:floating junction gate RAM)、ミリピードメモリ、レーストラックメモリ、および/または同様のものも含んでよい。
って通信をサポートすることが可能でありうる。より詳しくは、1つ以上のネットワーク1130は、2G無線通信プロトコルIS−136(TDMA)、GSM(登録商標)、およびIS−95(CDMA)に従って通信をサポートすることが可能でありうる。さらに、例えば、1つ以上のネットワーク1130は、2.5G無線通信プロトコルGPRS、エンハンストデータGSM環境(EDGE:Enhanced Data GSM Environment)、または同様のものに従って通信をサポートすることが可能でありうる。加えて、例えば、1つ以上のネットワーク1130は、3G無線通信プロトコル、例えば、広帯域符号分割多元接続(WCDMA(登録商標):Wideband Code Division Multiple Access)無線アクセス技術を採用したユニバーサル移動電話システム(UMTS:Universal Mobile Telephone System)ネットワークに従って通信をサポートすることが可能でありうる。いくつかの狭帯域AMPS(NAMPS:narrow−band AMPS)、ならびにTACSネットワーク(単数または複数)も、デュアルまたはより高次モードの移動局(例えば、デジタル/アナログまたはTDMA/CDMA/アナログ電話)と同様に、本発明の実施形態から利益を享受しうる。さらに別の例として、システム5の各々の構成要素は、例えば、無線周波数(RF:radio frequency)、Bluetooth(登録商標)、赤外(IrDA)、あるいは、有線または無線パーソナルエリアネットワーク(「PAN:Personal Area Network」)、ローカルエリアネットワーク(「LAN:Local Area Network」)、メトロポリタンエリアネットワーク(「MAN:Metropolitan Area Network」)、ワイドエリアネットワーク(「WAN:Wide Area Network」)または同様のものを含む、いくつかの異なる有線または無線ネットワーキング技術のいずれかなどの技術に従って互いに通信するように構成されてよい。
は複数)1300は、サーバ1200との通信のためのユーザインターフェースを提供するように構成されてよい、すべてが以下にさらに詳細に同様に記載されるような、1つ以上のモバイルアプリケーション1330を含んでよい。
ース、レポート、命令、および/または通知/警告を発生させるように構成される。いくつかの実施形態において、ユーザインターフェース、レポート、命令、および/または通知/警告は、先に考察されたように、インターネットまたは他の実行可能な通信ネットワークを含んでよい、1つ以上のネットワーク1130を介してアクセス可能であってよい。
、特定の使用のために構成されるか、あるいは、揮発性もしくは不揮発性媒体に記憶されるかまたは別の方法で処理要素にアクセス可能な命令を実行するように構成されてよい。かくして、ハードウェアもしくはコンピュータプログラム製品によって、またはそれらの組み合わせによって構成されるかどうかに係わらず、処理要素は、適宜に構成されたときに本発明の実施形態に従ってステップまたは動作を行うことが可能であってよい。
はサブスクライバアイデンティティモジュールダイアラ(SIM dialer:Subscriber Identity Module Dialer)などのコンセプトを用いて様々な他のエンティティと通信してよい。モバイルデバイス1300は、例として、そのファームウェア、(例えば、実行可能な命令、アプリケーション、プログラムモジュールを含んだ)ソフトウェア、およびオペレーティングシステムに対する変更、アドオン、ならびにアップデートをダウンロードすることもできる。
バイス1300および全体としてのシステム1020の1人以上のユーザに所望されうるように、様々な構成が提供されてよい。
Claims (10)
- 3次元物品を形成するために粉末の個々の層を継続的に積層して溶融させることを
通じて前記3次元物品を形成するための装置であって、
前記装置は、
前記粉末の加熱または溶融のうちの少なくとも1つのために電子ビームを放射する少なくとも1つの電子ビーム源であって、陰極および陽極を備える、前記少なくとも1つの電子ビーム源と、
少なくとも1つの制御ユニットと、
を備え、
前記少なくとも1つの制御ユニットは、
前記3次元物品の前記形成中に前記陰極と前記陽極との間のアクセラレータ電圧を少なくとも第1の所定の値および第2の所定の値の間で変化させ、
前記3次元物品の前記形成が第1の段階にあるときに前記アクセラレータ電圧の前記第1の所定の値を前記陰極と前記陽極との間に印加し、
前記3次元物品の前記形成が第2の段階にあるときに前記アクセラレータ電圧の前記第2の所定の値を前記陰極と前記陽極との間に印加し、前記アクセラレータ電圧の前記第1の所定の値が前記アクセラレータ電圧の前記第2の所定の値とは少なくとも10kV異なる、
ように構成される、装置。 - 前記電子ビーム源は、グリッドをさらに備え、
グリッド電圧は、前記3次元物品の前記形成中に前記陰極と前記陽極との間の前記アクセラレータ電圧が少なくとも前記第1の所定の値および前記第2の所定の値の間で変化するにつれて、それと同期して変化する、
請求項1に記載の装置。 - 前記少なくとも1つの電子ビーム源は、第1の電子ビーム源および第2の電子ビーム源を備え、
第1のアクセラレータ電圧は、前記第1の電子ビーム源から発し、第2のアクセラレータ電圧は、前記第2の電子ビーム源から発する、
請求項1又は請求項2に記載の装置。 - 前記第1のアクセラレータ電圧は、第1の所定の期間にわたって前記第1の電子ビーム源から発し、
前記第2のアクセラレータ電圧は、第2の所定の期間にわたって前記第2の電子ビーム源から発し、
前記第1の所定の期間および前記第2の所定の期間は、重ならない、
請求項3に記載の装置。 - 前記第1の所定のアクセラレータ電圧は、前記第1の所定の期間中に第1の位置において供給され、
前記第2の所定のアクセラレータ電圧は、前記第2の所定の期間中に第2の位置において供給され、
前記電子ビームは、前記第1の位置および前記第2の位置の各々において少なくとも一度スイッチオンおよびオフしている、請求項4に記載の装置。 - 前記アクセラレータ電圧の前記第1の所定の値は、前記アクセラレータ電圧の前記第2の所定の値とは少なくとも25kV異なる、請求項1〜請求項5の何れか1項に記載の装置。
- 前記第1の段階は、第1のプロセス・ステップであり、前記第2の段階は、第2のプロセス・ステップである、請求項1〜請求項6の何れか1項に記載の装置。
- 前記第1の段階は、溶融されていない粉末の予備加熱に用いられる第1のプロセス・ステップの少なくとも1つの部分であり、前記第2の段階は、溶融されていない粉末の予備加熱に用いられる前記第1のプロセス・ステップの少なくとも1つの他の部分であり、
前記アクセラレータ電圧の前記第1の所定の値および前記第2の所定の値の間のスイッチング周波数は、走査速度の関数として可変である、請求項1〜請求項7の何れか1項に記載の装置。 - 前記第1の段階は、前記3次元物品の内側領域の溶融に用いられ、前記第2の段階は、前記3次元物品のコンターの溶融に用いられる、
前記第1の段階は、ソリッド構造の形成に用いられ、前記第2の段階は、ネット構造の形成に用いられる、
前記第1の段階は、第1のタイプのマイクロ構造に用いられ、前記第2の段階は、第2のタイプのマイクロ構造に用いられる、
前記第1の段階は、中心融解スポットに用いられ、前記第2の段階は、少なくとも1つの周囲加熱スポットに用いられる、又は、
前記第1の段階は、中心融解スポットに用いられ、前記第2の段階は、同心円状加熱スポットに用いられる、又は、
前記第1の段階は、中心融解スポットに用いられ、前記第2の段階は、少なくとも部分的に重なる加熱スポットに用いられる、
請求項1〜請求項8の何れか1項に記載の装置。 - 前記アクセラレータ電圧の前記第1の所定の値は、前記アクセラレータ電圧の前記第2の所定の値とは少なくとも50kV異なる、請求項1〜請求項9の何れか1項に記載の装置。
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