JP2021088486A - 自動車用の合わせガラス - Google Patents
自動車用の合わせガラス Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2021088486A JP2021088486A JP2019219979A JP2019219979A JP2021088486A JP 2021088486 A JP2021088486 A JP 2021088486A JP 2019219979 A JP2019219979 A JP 2019219979A JP 2019219979 A JP2019219979 A JP 2019219979A JP 2021088486 A JP2021088486 A JP 2021088486A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- glass plate
- glass
- laminated glass
- outer glass
- laminated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
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- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 216
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- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trioxochromium Chemical compound O=[Cr](=O)=O WGLPBDUCMAPZCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005282 brightening Methods 0.000 description 1
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFZQOKHLXAVJIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc;boric acid;dihydroxy(dioxido)silane Chemical compound [Zn+2].OB(O)O.O[Si](O)([O-])[O-] ZFZQOKHLXAVJIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
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Abstract
Description
前記外側ガラス板と対向配置され、前記外側ガラス板よりも小さい、湾曲した内側パネルと、
前記外側ガラス板と内側パネルとの間に配置され、機能層を含む中間膜と、
を備え、
前記内側パネルの少なくとも一部は、前記外側ガラス板の周縁よりも内側に配置されている、自動車用の合わせガラス。
前記Ryが、1,700〜5,000mmである、項2または3に記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。
前記複数のシート材は隙間を空けて配置されている、項1から8のいずれかに記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。
前記窓領域を覆うように、前記内側パネルが取り付けられている、項1から10のいずれかに記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。
前記内側パネルの厚みは、0.3〜2.3mmである、項1から12のいずれかに記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。
前記一対の接着層の間に、前記機能層が配置されている、項1から13のいずれかに記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。
外側ガラス板1は、公知のガラス板を用いることができ、熱線吸収ガラス、一般的なクリアガラスやグリーンガラス、またはUVグリーンガラスで形成することもできる。但し、外側ガラス板1は、自動車が使用される国の安全規格に沿った可視光線透過率を実現する必要がある。例えば、外側ガラス板1により必要な日射吸収率を確保し、内側ガラス板2により可視光線透過率が安全規格を満たすように調整することができる。以下に、クリアガラス、熱線吸収ガラス、及びソーダ石灰系ガラスの一例を示す。
SiO2:70〜73質量%
Al2O3:0.6〜2.4質量%
CaO:7〜12質量%
MgO:1.0〜4.5質量%
R2O:13〜15質量%(Rはアルカリ金属)
Fe2O3に換算した全酸化鉄(T−Fe2O3):0.08〜0.14質量%
熱線吸収ガラスの組成は、例えば、クリアガラスの組成を基準として、Fe2O3に換算した全酸化鉄(T−Fe2O3)の比率を0.4〜1.3質量%とし、CeO2の比率を0〜2質量%とし、TiO2の比率を0〜0.5質量%とし、ガラスの骨格成分(主に、SiO2やAl2O3)をT−Fe2O3、CeO2およびTiO2の増加分だけ減じた組成とすることができる。
SiO2:65〜80質量%
Al2O3:0〜5質量%
CaO:5〜15質量%
MgO:2質量%以上
NaO:10〜18質量%
K2O:0〜5質量%
MgO+CaO:5〜15質量%
Na2O+K2O:10〜20質量%
SO3:0.05〜0.3質量%
B2O3:0〜5質量%
Fe2O3に換算した全酸化鉄(T−Fe2O3):0.02〜0.03質量%
内側ガラス板2は、外側ガラス板1よりも小さい矩形状に形成され、外側ガラス板1の中央領域102の内側の面と対向するように配置される。より詳細には、内側ガラス板2は、上辺21、下辺22、及び一対の側辺23を有しており、4つの角部は円弧状に形成されている。また、下辺23には矩形状の切り欠き231が形成されている。
図2に示すように、中間膜3は、内側ガラス板2と同じ大きさに形成されており、外側ガラス板1に接着される透明の第1接着層31と、内側ガラス板2に接着される透明の第2接着層32と、これら両接着層31,32の間に配置される透明の機能層33と、を備えている。
上記のように、本実施形態に係るリアガラスは、車外側に凸となるように湾曲している。すなわち、形状の異なる外側ガラス板1と内側ガラス板2がともに湾曲している。ここで、本発明者が検討したところによると、外側ガラス板1及び内側ガラス板2において中間膜3を挟んでいる部分(以下、対向領域という)の曲率半径が以下の関係の場合には、両ガラス板1,2の間で、機能層33を含む中間膜3に皺が生じないことを見出した。
曲率指標Z=1/Rx*1/Ry*10-6 (1)
曲率指標Z≦2.4 (2)
但し、Rxは対向領域の水平方向の曲率半径、Ryは対向領域の上下方向の曲率半径である。
本実施形態に係るリアガラスの製造方法は、特に限定されず、公知の合わせガラスの製造方法を採用することができる。まず、外側ガラス板1が湾曲するように曲げ加工を行う。この方法は、特には限定されないが、例えば、公知のプレス成形により行うことができる。あるいは、成形型上に外側ガラス板1を配置した後、この成形型を加熱炉を通過させて加熱する。これによって、外側ガラス板1を自重により湾曲させることができる。
以上のように、本実施形態によれば、以下の効果を得ることができる。
(i) 内側ガラス板2が外側ガラス板1よりも小さいため、つまり、これらのガラス板1,2は両者とも湾曲しているにもかかわらず、形状が異なるため、湾曲を一致させることが難しく(いわゆるペア性の低下)、これらを合わせたときには間に挟まれる中間膜3に皺が生じるおそれがある。その結果、空気が混入して泡が発生したり、あるいは内側ガラス板2の縁部が外側ガラス板1から離間して開いてしまう可能性もある。そのため、本実施形態に係る合わせガラスでは、湾曲の大きい外側ガラス板1の周縁付近を避け、内側ガラス板2を、外側ガラス板1の周縁よりも内側に配置している。そのため、中間膜3に皺が生じたり、空気が混入して泡が発生するのを抑制することができる。
以上、本発明の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものではなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない限りにおいて、種々の変更が可能である。なお、以下の変形例は適宜組み合わせることができる。
内側ガラス板2の大きさ、形状は特には限定されない。上記実施形態では、内側ガラス板2が外側ガラス板1の周縁よりも内側に配置されているが、例えば、図3に示すように、内側ガラス板2の周縁の一部が、外側ガラス板1の周縁と一致していてもよい。すなわち、外側ガラス板1の周縁において、湾曲の小さい部分であれば、内側ガラス板2の周縁と一致していてもよい。
中間膜3の機能層33は、内側ガラス板2の全体に亘って配置されていなくてもよい。例えば、図4(a)に示すように、内側ガラス板2の一部に配置されていてもよいし、あるいは図4(b)に示すように、機能層33を複数のシート材で構成し、これらを隙間をあけて配置してもよい。また、機能層33は、複数の機能性フィルムを重ねて作製してもよい。例えば、調光フィルムと遮熱フィルムを重ねてよく、その間には、接着層のような中間層を設置するのが好ましい。
本発明の合わせガラスは、上記のようなリアガラスのほか、リアクォータガラス、サイドガラスに適用することもできる。例えば、図5及び図6に示すようなサイドガラスであってもよい。
サイドガラスに設けた遮蔽層4は、リアガラスやリアクォータガラスに設けることもできる。その場合、遮蔽層の形状は特には限定されない。例えば、中間膜3に設けられる電極を隠すように、内側ガラス板1の周縁を覆うように配置することもできる。また、遮蔽層4に車載カメラ、センサ用の開口を形成することもできる。
内側ガラス板2の代わりに、例えば、ポリカーボネートなどの樹脂材料で形成された内側パネルを設けることもできる。このようにすると、合わせガラスをより軽量化することができる。
上述したリアガラスやサイドガラスにおける外側ガラス板1及び内側ガラス板2の形状は一例であり、適宜変更することができる。
2 内側ガラス板
3 中間膜
31 第1接着層
32 第2接着層
33 機能層
4 遮蔽層
Claims (14)
- 湾曲した外側ガラス板と、
前記外側ガラス板と対向配置され、前記外側ガラス板よりも小さい、湾曲した内側パネルと、
前記外側ガラス板と内側パネルとの間に配置され、機能層を含む中間膜と、
を備え、
前記内側パネルの少なくとも一部は、前記外側ガラス板の周縁よりも内側に配置されている、自動車用の合わせガラス。 - 前記外側ガラス板において前記内側ガラス板と対向する対向領域の水平方向の曲率半径をRx(mm)、前記外側ガラス板の上下方向の曲率半径をRy(mm)としたとき、1/Rx*1/Ry*10-6を曲率指標と規定すると、前記曲率指標が2.4以下である、請求項1に記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。
- 前記対向領域における曲率指標が、1.3以下である、請求項2に記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。
- 前記Rxが、200〜200,000mmであり、
前記Ryが、1,700〜5,000mmである、請求項2または3に記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。 - 自動車に取り付けられたとき、少なくとも1つの車外側へ湾曲する凸部を有している、請求項1から4のいずれかに記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。
- 前記機能層は、調光フィルムである、請求項1から5のいずれかに記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。
- 前記調光フィルムは、PDLCタイプまたはSPDタイプである、請求項6に記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。
- 前記調光フィルムに電圧を印加するための端子が、前記内側ガラス板の下端部に配置されている、請求項6または7に記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。
- 前記中間膜は、複数のシート材によって形成され、
前記複数のシート材は隙間を空けて配置されている、請求項1から8のいずれかに記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。 - 前記内側パネルは、ガラス板により形成されている、請求項1から9のいずれかに記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。
- 前記外側ガラス板は、車外からの光を透過する窓領域と、前記窓領域を囲み、車外からの光の透過を遮蔽する遮蔽層が積層された遮蔽領域と、を備え、
前記窓領域を覆うように、前記内側パネルが取り付けられている、請求項1から10のいずれかに記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。 - リアガラス、リアクォータガラス、またはサイドガラスである、請求項1から11のいずれかに記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。
- 前記外側ガラス板の厚みは、1.6〜4mmであり、
前記内側パネルの厚みは、0.3〜2.3mmである、請求項1から12のいずれかに記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。 - 前記中間膜は、一対の前記接着層を備え、
前記一対の接着層の間に、前記機能層が配置されている、請求項1から13のいずれかに記載の自動車用の合わせガラス。
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