JP2021055186A - 電解槽用ガスケット組成物及び電解槽用ガスケット、並びに、電解槽およびそれらによる電解方法 - Google Patents
電解槽用ガスケット組成物及び電解槽用ガスケット、並びに、電解槽およびそれらによる電解方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
項2 前記エチレンプロピレンゴムがエチレン−プロピレン−ジエン共重合体ゴムである項1に記載の電解槽用ガスケット組成物
項3 前記項1または2に記載の電解槽用ガスケット組成物を架橋してなるゴム材料
項4 項3に記載のゴム材料からなる電解槽用ガスケット
項5 項4に記載の電解槽用ガスケットを具備するイオン交換膜法電解槽
項6 項5に記載の電解槽に食塩水を供給するとともに通電することにより食塩水を電解する工程を有する苛性ソーダ、塩素および/または水素の製造方法
有機過酸化物の具体例としては、1,1−ジ(tert−ヘキシルパーオキシ)−3,5,5−トリメチルシクロへキサン、2,5−ジメチルへキサン−2,5−ジヒドロパーオキシド、ジ−tert−ブチルパーオキシド、tert−ブチルクミルパーオキシド、ジクミルパーオキシド、α,α’−ビス(tert−ブチルパーオキシ)−p−ジイソプロピルベンゼン、2,5−ジメチル−2,5−ジ(tert−ブチルパーオキシ)−へキサン、2,5−ジメチル−2,5−ジ(tert−ブチルパーオキシ)−へキシン−3、ジベンゾイルパーオキシド、tert−ブチルパーオキシベンゼン、2,5−ジメチル−2,5−ジ(ベンゾイルパーオキシ)へキサン、tert−ブチルパーオキシマレイン酸、tert−ヘキシルパーオキシイソプロピルモノカーボネート等が挙げられる。中でもジクミルパーオキシドが挙げられる。前記有機過酸化物は一種もしくは二種以上を使用することができる。架橋剤の使用量は、エチレンプロピレンゴム100質量部に対して、0.1〜20質量部が好ましく、0.2〜10質量部がより好ましく、0.5〜5質量部がさらに好ましい。
また、カレンダー成形機やロートキュア成形機でシート状に成形した後ガスケット形状に切削、切断、打ち抜き加工を行うことも可能である。
これらの成形機のうち、均一な厚みや硬さ等のバラつきを少なくするためプレス成型が好適に用いられる。
本発明の電極室枠は電極室枠のフランジ面に本発明の電解槽用ガスケットを具備してなる。電極室枠は陽極、又は陰極を備えてなり、陽極を備える電極室枠を陽極室枠、陰極を備える電極室枠を陰極室枠と記載することができる。本発明の電極室枠は電解槽を作製後に電極室となる部分を指す。
本発明の電解槽は、本発明の電極室枠により構成される電極室を具備する。好ましくは、本発明の電極室枠により構成される電極室、イオン交換膜を具備する。
本発明の電極室枠、電解槽の製造方法は、ガスケットを電極室枠のフランジ面に具備する工程を含み、具備させる工程としては接着剤や粘着剤を塗布する工程(塗布工程)であることが好ましい。接着剤、粘着剤は上述したものが用いられる。
上記電解槽より苛性ソーダ、塩素、及び/または水素を製造することができ、当該電解方法は、電解槽に食塩水を供給するとともに、前記陰極と前記陽極との間に直流電流を流すことによって前記食塩水を電解する工程を有する。電解条件は特に限定されず、公知の方法を用いて行うことができる。電解工程により、陰極室からは水素および苛性ソーダが得られる。陽極室からは塩素、電解により食塩の濃度が低下した淡塩水が得られる。得られた苛性ソーダ、塩素、水素は別途、公知の方法で精製することもできる。
ジエン成分として5−エチリデン−2−ノルボルネンを配合したエチレンプロピレンゴム(以下、EPDMとも表記)と臭素化ブチルゴム(以下、Br−IIRとも表記)のブレンドゴムに表1に示す各配合剤を1Lニーダーおよび6インチロールにて混練し、電解槽用ガスケット組成物を得た。
(1)圧縮永久ひずみ
JIS K6262:2013に従い実施した。得られた電解槽用ガスケット組成物を170度×15分の架橋条件にて圧縮永久ひずみ試験用の試験片(直径29mm、高さ12.5mm、円柱状)を作製し、試験前の厚みh0を測定した。試験片を二枚のステンレス鋼板からなる圧縮板(圧縮装置)で厚み方向に挟み、試験前の厚みh0に対して圧縮率25%の厚みになるように圧縮し、予め温度125℃の状態に保持した恒温室へ試験片を組込んだ圧縮装置を投入し72時間静置した。この時、使用するスペーサの厚みh2を測定する。72時間経過後、恒温室から圧縮装置を取出し、圧縮状態を解放し、30分間静置させたのち、試験片の試験後の厚みh1を測定した。次式にしたがって圧縮永久ひずみを算出した。
圧縮永久ひずみ(%)=[(h0−h1)/(h0−h2)]×100
(2)腐食性
得られた電解槽用ガスケット組成物を170度×10分の架橋条件にて試験片(10mm×40mm×2mm)を作成し、実際に運転を行っている食塩電解槽の陽極側に評価用の槽を設け、運転中の電解液に暴露し、4週間後の外観変化を目視で観察した。評価は次の基準の通りに行った。
◎:外観に変化がみられない ○:外観にやや白化がみられる
△:外観に白化がみられる ×:外観が白化してひび割れなどがみられる
(3)重量変化
得られた電解槽用ガスケット組成物を170度×10分の架橋条件にて試験片(10mm×40mm×2mm)を作成し、試験前の重量W0を測定した。実際に運転を行っている食塩電解槽の陽極側に評価用の槽を設け、運転中の電解液に暴露し、4週間後の重量W1を測定した。評価は次式に従い行った。
重量変化(%)=[(W1−W0)/W0]×100
*2:JSR社製 ブロモブチル2244
*3:東海カーボン社製 シーストSO
*4:バーゲス・ピグメント社製 バーゲス#30
102 陽極
103 陽極フランジ面
104 陽極ガスケット
105 イオン交換膜
106 陰極室枠(陰極室)
107 陰極
108 陰極フランジ面
109 陰極ガスケット
201 複極室枠における陽極室
202 陽極
203 陽極室枠フランジ面
204 陰極ガスケット
205 イオン交換膜
206 複極室枠における陰極室
207 陰極
208 陰極フランジ面
209 陽極ガスケット
210 隔壁
Claims (6)
- エチレンプロピレンゴム、臭素化ブチルゴムを含むイオン交換膜法電解槽に用いられる電解槽用ガスケット組成物であって、前記エチレンプロピレンゴムと臭素化ブチルゴムの配合割合がエチレンプロピレンゴム100質量部に対して臭素化ブチルゴムが5質量部〜40質量部であることを特徴とする電解槽用ガスケット組成物
- 前記エチレンプロピレンゴムがエチレン−プロピレン−ジエン共重合体ゴムである請求項1に記載の電解槽用ガスケット組成物
- 前記請求項1または2に記載の電解槽用ガスケット組成物を架橋してなるゴム材料
- 請求項3に記載のゴム材料からなる電解槽用ガスケット
- 請求項4に記載の電解槽用ガスケットを具備するイオン交換膜法電解槽
- 請求項5に記載の電解槽に食塩水を供給するとともに通電することにより食塩水を電解する工程を有する苛性ソーダ、塩素および/または水素の製造方法
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