JP2021048005A - 電極、二次電池、電池パック及び車両 - Google Patents
電極、二次電池、電池パック及び車両 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2021048005A JP2021048005A JP2019168335A JP2019168335A JP2021048005A JP 2021048005 A JP2021048005 A JP 2021048005A JP 2019168335 A JP2019168335 A JP 2019168335A JP 2019168335 A JP2019168335 A JP 2019168335A JP 2021048005 A JP2021048005 A JP 2021048005A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- active material
- material particles
- electrode
- particles
- particle group
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 444
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 252
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 229910001275 Niobium-titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- RJSRQTFBFAJJIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Nb] RJSRQTFBFAJJIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007771 core particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000000790 scattering method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007561 laser diffraction method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 117
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 45
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 description 27
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 27
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 23
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 19
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 16
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 238000002848 electrochemical method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 11
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000010955 niobium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229920002134 Carboxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000010948 carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000008112 carboxymethyl-cellulose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229940105329 carboxymethylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002149 energy-dispersive X-ray emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 5
- DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Diethoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC(C)OCC DHKHKXVYLBGOIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical group [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006230 acetylene black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920005594 polymer fiber Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052596 spinel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011029 spinel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OCC OIFBSDVPJOWBCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene carbonate Chemical compound O=C1OCCO1 KMTRUDSVKNLOMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PFYQFCKUASLJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni].[Li] Chemical compound [Co].[Ni].[Li] PFYQFCKUASLJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn] KLARSDUHONHPRF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl carbonate Chemical compound COC(=O)OC IEJIGPNLZYLLBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl methyl carbonate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)OC JBTWLSYIZRCDFO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium nickel Chemical compound [Li].[Ni] RSNHXDVSISOZOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012046 mixed solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000033116 oxidation-reduction process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010532 solid phase synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxol-2-one Chemical compound O=C1OC=CO1 VAYTZRYEBVHVLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyltetrahydrofuran Chemical compound CC1CCCO1 JWUJQDFVADABEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018871 CoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluoroform Chemical compound FC(F)F XPDWGBQVDMORPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910013870 LiPF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M Lithium hydroxide Chemical compound [Li+].[OH-] WMFOQBRAJBCJND-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- ZYXUQEDFWHDILZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ni].[Mn].[Li] Chemical compound [Ni].[Mn].[Li] ZYXUQEDFWHDILZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004931 aggregating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012300 argon atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002902 bimodal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chrysene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=C3C4=CC=CC=C4C=CC3=C21 WDECIBYCCFPHNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Co] CKFRRHLHAJZIIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003480 inorganic solid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N manganese dioxide Chemical compound O=[Mn]=O NUJOXMJBOLGQSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002892 organic cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=CC3=CC=CC4=CC=C1C2=C43 BBEAQIROQSPTKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 2
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical class O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- GEWWCWZGHNIUBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(4-nitrophenyl)propan-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)CC1=CC=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1 GEWWCWZGHNIUBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920008712 Copo Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical compound [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910015015 LiAsF 6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910013063 LiBF 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-[2-oxo-2-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C(CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2 NIPNSKYNPDTRPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTSGZYTNUMQCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Co].[Mn].[Li] Chemical compound [Co].[Co].[Mn].[Li] OKTSGZYTNUMQCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NXPZICSHDHGMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Mn].[Li] Chemical compound [Co].[Mn].[Li] NXPZICSHDHGMGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Li].[Mn].[Co].[Ni] SOXUFMZTHZXOGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHOIHSTWKIMQNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[P]=O Chemical compound [Li].[P]=O OHOIHSTWKIMQNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mn].[Co].[Ni] Chemical compound [Mn].[Co].[Ni] KFDQGLPGKXUTMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[V+5].[V+5] XHCLAFWTIXFWPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005678 chain carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000005676 cyclic carbonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005518 electrochemistry Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoranthrene Natural products C1=CC(C2=CC=CC=C22)=C3C2=CC=CC3=C1 GVEPBJHOBDJJJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000358 iron sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M lithium perchlorate Chemical compound [Li+].[O-]Cl(=O)(=O)=O MHCFAGZWMAWTNR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001496 lithium tetrafluoroborate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWAIALBIBWIKKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium titanium Chemical compound [Li].[Ti] SWAIALBIBWIKKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004020 luminiscence type Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000480 nickel oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010450 olivine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052609 olivine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxonickel Chemical compound [Ni]=O GNRSAWUEBMWBQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000006479 redox reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001935 vanadium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/661—Metal or alloys, e.g. alloy coatings
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/66—Selection of materials
- H01M4/665—Composites
- H01M4/667—Composites in the form of layers, e.g. coatings
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/60—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by batteries
- B60L50/64—Constructional details of batteries specially adapted for electric vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
- B60L53/53—Batteries
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W30/00—Purposes of road vehicle drive control systems not related to the control of a particular sub-unit, e.g. of systems using conjoint control of vehicle sub-units
- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
- B60W30/18009—Propelling the vehicle related to particular drive situations
- B60W30/18109—Braking
- B60W30/18127—Regenerative braking
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G33/00—Compounds of niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01G—COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F
- C01G33/00—Compounds of niobium
- C01G33/006—Compounds containing, besides niobium, two or more other elements, with the exception of oxygen or hydrogen
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/13—Electrodes for accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte, e.g. for lithium-accumulators; Processes of manufacture thereof
- H01M4/131—Electrodes based on mixed oxides or hydroxides, or on mixtures of oxides or hydroxides, e.g. LiCoOx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/364—Composites as mixtures
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/362—Composites
- H01M4/366—Composites as layered products
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/48—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides
- H01M4/485—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic oxides or hydroxides of mixed oxides or hydroxides for inserting or intercalating light metals, e.g. LiTi2O4 or LiTi2OxFy
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
- H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
- H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
- H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/204—Racks, modules or packs for multiple batteries or multiple cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/20—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders
- H01M50/249—Mountings; Secondary casings or frames; Racks, modules or packs; Suspension devices; Shock absorbers; Transport or carrying devices; Holders specially adapted for aircraft or vehicles, e.g. cars or trains
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/30—Particle morphology extending in three dimensions
- C01P2004/45—Aggregated particles or particles with an intergrown morphology
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/51—Particles with a specific particle size distribution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/61—Micrometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/62—Submicrometer sized, i.e. from 0.1-1 micrometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2004/00—Particle morphology
- C01P2004/60—Particles characterised by their size
- C01P2004/64—Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/10—Solid density
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/12—Surface area
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01P—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
- C01P2006/00—Physical properties of inorganic compounds
- C01P2006/40—Electric properties
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/021—Physical characteristics, e.g. porosity, surface area
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
- H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2220/00—Batteries for particular applications
- H01M2220/20—Batteries in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
第1の実施形態によると、電極が提供される。電極は、集電体と、集電体上に形成され、活物質粒子を含む活物質含有層とを備える。活物質粒子は、単斜晶型ニオブチタン複合酸化物を含むコア粒子、及び、コア粒子の表面の少なくとも一部を被覆する炭素材料層を含む第1活物質粒子と、単斜晶型ニオブチタン複合酸化物を含む第2活物質粒子とを含む。活物質粒子についてのレーザー回折散乱法により得られる粒度分布チャートは、メジアン径d50未満の大きさの粒子径に対応する第1領域と、メジアン径d50以上の大きさの粒子径に対応する第2領域とを有している。第1領域に含まれる第1粒子群は第1活物質粒子を含み、第2領域に含まれる第2粒子群は第2活物質粒子を含む。第1粒子群の炭素被覆率は、第2粒子群の炭素被覆率と比較して高い。
実施形態に係る電極が備える活物質含有層の粒度分布チャートは、以下の手順で測定することにより得られる。
活物質粒子の表面の炭素材料層による被覆率は、透過電子顕微鏡(Transmission Electron Microscope; TEM)及びエネルギー分散型X線分析(Energy Dispersive X-ray spectrometry; EDX)により得られるマッピング画像から決定することができる。具体的な手順を以下で説明する。
(一次粒子外周部のうちC元素が存在する部分の外周長さ)/(一次粒子外周部の長さ)×100。
(二次粒子外周部のうちC元素が存在する部分の外周長さ)/(二次粒子外周部の長さ)×100。
活物質粒子中のニオブチタン複合酸化物の結晶構造は、粉末X線回折(XRD:X-Ray diffraction)により確認することができる。粉末X線回折測定の装置としては、例えばRigaku社製SmartLab、又は、これと等価な機能を有する装置を用いる。測定条件は以下の通りとする:
X線源:Cuターゲット
出力:45kV 200mA
ソーラスリット:入射及び受光共に5°
ステップ幅(2θ):0.02deg
スキャン速度:20deg/分
半導体検出器:D/teX Ultra 250
試料板ホルダー:平板ガラス試料板ホルダー(厚さ0.5mm)
測定範囲:5°≦2θ≦90°。
電極は、例えば次の方法により作製することができる。
第2の実施形態によると、負極と、正極と、電解質とを含む二次電池が提供される。二次電池は、負極として、第1の実施形態に係る電極を含む。
第2の実施形態に係る二次電池が具備する負極は、例えば、第1の実施形態において説明した電極でありうる。この電極が含む活物質含有層は、負極活物質層であり得る。電極が含む活物質粒子は、負極活物質粒子であり得る。負極活物質含有層上には、後述する高分子繊維層が積層され得る。高分子繊維層が積層された負極は、負極構造体であり得る。
正極は、正極集電体と、正極活物質含有層とを含むことができる。正極活物質含有層は、正極集電体の片面又は両面に形成され得る。正極活物質含有層は、正極活物質と、任意に導電剤及び結着剤を含むことができる。正極活物質含有層上には、後述する高分子繊維層が積層され得る。高分子繊維層が積層された正極は、正極構造体であり得る。
電解質としては、例えば液状非水電解質又はゲル状非水電解質を用いることができる。液状非水電解質は、溶質としての電解質塩を有機溶媒に溶解することにより調製される。電解質塩の濃度は、0.5 mol/L以上2.5 mol/L以下であることが好ましい。
セパレータは、例えば、ポリエチレン(polyethylene;PE)、ポリプロピレン(polypropylene;PP)、セルロース、若しくはポリフッ化ビニリデン(polyvinylidene fluoride;PVdF)を含む多孔質フィルム、又は合成樹脂製不織布から形成される。安全性の観点からは、ポリエチレン又はポリプロピレンから形成された多孔質フィルムを用いることが好ましい。これらの多孔質フィルムは、一定温度において溶融し、電流を遮断することが可能なためである。
外装部材としては、例えば、ラミネートフィルムからなる容器、又は金属製容器を用いることができる。
負極端子は、上述の負極活物質のLi吸蔵放出電位において電気化学的に安定であり、かつ導電性を有する材料から形成することができる。具体的には、負極端子の材料としては、銅、ニッケル、ステンレス若しくはアルミニウム、又は、Mg,Ti,Zn,Mn,Fe,Cu,及びSiからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の元素を含むアルミニウム合金が挙げられる。負極端子の材料としては、アルミニウム又はアルミニウム合金を用いることが好ましい。負極端子は、負極集電体との接触抵抗を低減するために、負極集電体と同様の材料からなることが好ましい。
正極端子は、リチウムの酸化還元電位に対し3V以上4.5V以下の電位範囲(vs.Li/Li+)において電気的に安定であり、且つ導電性を有する材料から形成することができる。正極端子の材料としては、アルミニウム、或いは、Mg、Ti、Zn、Mn、Fe、Cu及びSiからなる群より選択される少なくとも1種の元素を含むアルミニウム合金が挙げられる。正極端子は、正極集電体との接触抵抗を低減するために、正極集電体と同様の材料から形成されることが好ましい。
第3の実施形態によると、組電池が提供される。第3の実施形態に係る組電池は、第2の実施形態に係る二次電池を複数個具備している。
第4の実施形態によると、電池パックが提供される。この電池パックは、第3の実施形態に係る組電池を具備している。この電池パックは、第3の実施形態に係る組電池の代わりに、単一の第2の実施形態に係る二次電池を具備していてもよい。
第5の実施形態によると、車両が提供される。この車両は、第4の実施形態に係る電池パックを搭載している。
以下に実施例を説明するが、実施形態は、以下に記載される実施例に限定されるものではない。
実施例1では、炭素被覆処理を行った小粒子径を有するNb2TiO7粉末と、炭素被覆処理を行っていない大粒子径を有するNb2TiO7粉末とをそれぞれ合成した後に、これらを混合した。
まず、出発原料として、市販のTiO2粉末及びNb2O5粉末を用意した。TiO2粉末にエタノールを添加し、孔径が0.45μmのメンブレンフィルタを用いて濾過を行い、TiO2粉末を0.45μm以上の粒子径を有する大粒子群と、0.45μm未満の粒子径を有する小粒子群とに分離した。Nb2O5粉末についても同様に、孔径が0.45μmのメンブレンフィルタを用いて、大粒子群と小粒子群とに分離した。
0.45μm以上の粒子径を有するTiO2の大粒子群と、0.45μm以上の粒子径を有するNb2O5の大粒子群とをそれぞれ乾燥させて、1:1の原料モル比にて乳鉢中に投入した。この乳鉢にエタノールを添加し、湿式混合を行った。
0.45μm未満の粒子径を有するTiO2の小粒子群と、0.45μm未満の粒子径を有するNb2O5の小粒子群とをそれぞれ乾燥させて、1:1の原料モル比にて乳鉢中に投入した。この乳鉢にエタノールを添加し、湿式混合を行った。
得られたNb2TiO7粉末を前駆体として、スクロースをこの前駆体に対し重量比で10%添加し、更にエタノールを加えた。前駆体を含む混合物をボールミルで15分間均一に混合した。その後、混合物に対しアルゴン雰囲気下、700℃の温度で1時間に亘り熱処理を施した。こうして、炭素材料層で被覆された小粒子径を有するNb2TiO7粉末(以下、第1活物質粒子とも呼ぶ)を得た。
先に作製した第1活物質粒子及び第2活物質粒子を0.13:99.87の質量比で混合し、活物質粒子を得た。
以下のようにして電極を作製した。
まず、90質量部の活物質(先に調製した活物質粒子)、5質量部の導電剤及び5質量部の結着剤を、溶媒としての純水に分散してスラリーを調製した。活物質としては、上述した方法で得られた活物質粒子を用いた。導電剤としては、アセチレンブラックとグラファイトとの混合物を用いた。この混合物において、アセチレンブラックとグラファイトとの質量比は、1:2であった。結着剤としては、結着剤としては、カルボキシルメチルセルロース(CMC)とスチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)との混合物を用いた。この混合物において、CMCとSBRとの質量比は、1:1であった。
エチレンカーボネート及びジエチルカーボネートを体積比1:2で混合し、混合溶媒を調製した。この混合溶媒中に、六フッ化リン酸リチウムを1M(mol/L)の濃度で溶解させて非水電解質を調製した。
上記で作製した電極と、対極としての金属リチウム箔と、調製した非水電解質とを用いて、実施例1に係る電気化学測定用セルを作製した。
以下の条件を除いて、実施例1と同様の方法で電極を作製し、この電極を用いて電気化学測定用セルを作製した。
単斜晶型ニオブチタン複合酸化物の活物質組成として、それぞれ表1に示す組成のものを合成したことを除いて、実施例1と同様の方法で電極を作製し、この電極を用いて電気化学測定用セルを作製した。
活物質粒子として合成した第1活物質粒子及び第2活物質粒子の合計質量に対して、更に、5質量%のLi4Ti5O12粒子を混合したことを除いて、実施例1と同様の方法で電極を作製し、この電極を用いて電気化学測定用セルを作製した。なお、Li4Ti5O12粒子は、粒子表面に炭素材料層を有していなかった。
活物質粒子として合成した第1活物質粒子及び第2活物質粒子の合計質量に対して、更に、5質量%のLi2Na1.8Ti5.8Nb0.2O14粒子を混合したことを除いて、実施例1と同様の方法で電極を作製し、この電極を用いて電気化学測定用セルを作製した。なお、Li2Na1.8Ti5.8Nb0.2O14粒子は、粒子表面に炭素材料層を有していなかった。
第2活物質粒子の合成時に、第1活物質粒子の合成時に行ったのと同様に炭素被覆処理を施したことを除いて、実施例1と同様の方法で電極を作製し、この電極を用いて電気化学測定用セルを作製した。
第2活物質粒子の合成時に、第1活物質粒子の合成時に行ったのと同様に炭素被覆処理を施し、第1活物質粒子の合成時に炭素被覆処理を省略したことを除いて、実施例1と同様の方法で電極を作製し、この電極を用いて電気化学測定用セルを作製した。
第1活物質粒子及び第2活物質粒子を合成する際に、いずれの粒子に対しても炭素被覆処理を施さなかったことを除いて、実施例1と同様の方法で電極を作製し、この電極を用いて電気化学測定用セルを作製した。
実施例及び比較例として作製した各電極について、第1の実施形態において説明した方法により粒度分布を測定した。得られた粒度分布チャートから、当該電極が含む活物質粒子のメジアン径d50を決定した。また、粒度分布チャート上の第1領域におけるモード径と、第2領域におけるモード径とをそれぞれ決定した。更に、第1の実施形態において説明した方法により炭素被覆率を測定した。
作製した各々の電気化学測定セルを用いて常温で充放電試験を行った。充放電は、リチウムの酸化還元電位を基準として1.0V以上3.0V以下(vs.Li/Li+)の電位範囲で、充放電電流値を0.2C(時間放電率)として行った。
Claims (15)
- 集電体と、前記集電体上に形成され、活物質粒子を含む活物質含有層とを備え、
前記活物質粒子は、第1活物質粒子及び第2活物質粒子を含み、
前記第1活物質粒子は、単斜晶型ニオブチタン複合酸化物を含むコア粒子、及び、前記コア粒子の表面の少なくとも一部を被覆する炭素材料層を含み、
前記第2活物質粒子は、単斜晶型ニオブチタン複合酸化物を含み、
前記活物質粒子についてのレーザー回折散乱法により得られる粒度分布チャートは、メジアン径d50未満の大きさの粒子径に対応する第1領域と、前記メジアン径d50以上の大きさの粒子径に対応する第2領域とを有しており、
前記第1領域に含まれる第1粒子群は前記第1活物質粒子を含み、前記第2領域に含まれる第2粒子群は前記第2活物質粒子を含み、
前記第1粒子群の炭素被覆率は、前記第2粒子群の前記炭素被覆率と比較して高い電極。 - 前記第1粒子群の前記炭素被覆率は、30%以上100%以下の範囲内にある請求項1に記載の電極。
- 前記第2粒子群の前記炭素被覆率は、0%以上20%以下の範囲内にある請求項1又は2に記載の電極。
- 前記第1粒子群の前記炭素被覆率は、60%以上100%以下の範囲内にある請求項1−3の何れか1項に記載の電極。
- 前記メジアン径d50は、1.0μm−2.0μmの範囲内にある請求項1−4の何れか1項に記載の電極。
- 前記粒度分布チャートにおいて、前記第1領域は、0.15μm−2.0μmの範囲内にモード径を有している請求項1−5の何れか1項に記載の電極。
- 前記粒度分布チャートにおいて、前記第2領域は、2.5μm−10μmの範囲内にモード径を有している請求項1−6の何れか1項に記載の電極。
- 電極密度は2.5g/cm3−2.9g/cm3の範囲内にある請求項1−7の何れか1項に記載の電極。
- 前記第1活物質粒子及び前記第2活物質粒子が含む単斜晶型ニオブチタン複合酸化物は、それぞれ独立に、一般式LixTi1-yM1yNb2-zM2zO7+δで表される複合酸化物、及び、一般式LixTi1-yM3y+zNb2-zO7-δで表される複合酸化物からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つであり、
前記M1は、Zr,Si,及びSnからなる群より選択される少なくとも1つであり、前記M2は、V,Ta,及びBiからなる群より選択される少なくとも1つであり、前記M3は、Mg,Fe,Ni,Co,W,Ta,及びMoより選択される少なくとも1つであり、
前記xは0≦x≦5を満たし、前記yは0≦y<1を満たし、前記zは0≦z<2を満たし、前記δは、−0.3≦δ≦0.3を満たす請求項1−8の何れか1項に記載の電極。 - 正極と、負極と、電解質とを具備する二次電池であって、
前記負極は、請求項1−9の何れか1項に記載の電極である二次電池。 - 請求項10に記載の二次電池を具備する電池パック。
- 通電用の外部端子と、
保護回路と
を更に具備する請求項11に記載の電池パック。 - 複数の前記二次電池を具備し、
前記二次電池が、直列、並列、又は直列及び並列を組み合わせて電気的に接続されている請求項11又は12に記載の電池パック。 - 請求項11−13の何れか1項に記載の電池パックを搭載した車両。
- 前記車両の運動エネルギーを回生エネルギーに変換する機構を含む請求項14に記載の車両。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2019168335A JP7159133B2 (ja) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | 電極、二次電池、電池パック及び車両 |
US16/804,546 US11217793B2 (en) | 2019-09-17 | 2020-02-28 | Electrode, secondary battery, battery pack, and vehicle |
CN202010127011.1A CN112599728B (zh) | 2019-09-17 | 2020-02-28 | 电极、二次电池、电池包及车辆 |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2019168335A JP7159133B2 (ja) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | 電極、二次電池、電池パック及び車両 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2021048005A true JP2021048005A (ja) | 2021-03-25 |
JP7159133B2 JP7159133B2 (ja) | 2022-10-24 |
Family
ID=74868739
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2019168335A Active JP7159133B2 (ja) | 2019-09-17 | 2019-09-17 | 電極、二次電池、電池パック及び車両 |
Country Status (3)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US11217793B2 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7159133B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN112599728B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2022046791A1 (en) | 2020-08-26 | 2022-03-03 | Fenwood Labs Inc. | Safely ingestible batteries that rapidly deactivate in biological environments and methods of making same |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007265668A (ja) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-11 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池用正極及びその製造方法 |
WO2014034933A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-03 | 2014-03-06 | 日本ケミコン株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用電極材料、この電極材料の製造方法、及びリチウムイオン二次電池 |
JP2014209445A (ja) * | 2013-03-26 | 2014-11-06 | 株式会社東芝 | 電池用活物質材料、非水電解質電池及び電池パック。 |
JP2017059398A (ja) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-23 | 株式会社東芝 | 電池用活物質、非水電解質電池、及び電池パック |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2013193886A (ja) * | 2012-03-15 | 2013-09-30 | Mitsubishi Chemicals Corp | 複合炭素材及びその製造方法、その複合炭素材を用いた負極並びに蓄電デバイス |
JP6193184B2 (ja) | 2013-07-08 | 2017-09-06 | 株式会社東芝 | 非水電解質二次電池用負極活物質、非水電解質二次電池用負極活物質の製造方法、非水電解質二次電池、電池パック及び車 |
JP6250432B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-24 | 2017-12-20 | チタン工業株式会社 | チタンニオブ複合酸化物電極用活物質及びそれを用いたリチウム二次電池 |
JP6570934B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-16 | 2019-09-04 | 株式会社東芝 | 電池用活物質、電極、非水電解質電池、電池パック及び車 |
-
2019
- 2019-09-17 JP JP2019168335A patent/JP7159133B2/ja active Active
-
2020
- 2020-02-28 CN CN202010127011.1A patent/CN112599728B/zh active Active
- 2020-02-28 US US16/804,546 patent/US11217793B2/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2007265668A (ja) * | 2006-03-27 | 2007-10-11 | Sanyo Electric Co Ltd | 非水電解質二次電池用正極及びその製造方法 |
WO2014034933A1 (ja) * | 2012-09-03 | 2014-03-06 | 日本ケミコン株式会社 | リチウムイオン二次電池用電極材料、この電極材料の製造方法、及びリチウムイオン二次電池 |
JP2014209445A (ja) * | 2013-03-26 | 2014-11-06 | 株式会社東芝 | 電池用活物質材料、非水電解質電池及び電池パック。 |
JP2017059398A (ja) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-03-23 | 株式会社東芝 | 電池用活物質、非水電解質電池、及び電池パック |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN112599728B (zh) | 2024-03-26 |
US11217793B2 (en) | 2022-01-04 |
CN112599728A (zh) | 2021-04-02 |
JP7159133B2 (ja) | 2022-10-24 |
US20210083297A1 (en) | 2021-03-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP6937262B2 (ja) | 活物質、電極、二次電池、電池パック、及び車両 | |
JP6710668B2 (ja) | 活物質、電極、二次電池、電池パック、及び車両 | |
JP7091201B2 (ja) | 活物質、電極、二次電池、電池パック、及び車両 | |
JP6980587B2 (ja) | 電極、二次電池、電池パック、及び車両 | |
JP2018160435A (ja) | 電極、二次電池、電池パック及び車両 | |
JP6933597B2 (ja) | 二次電池用負極活物質、電極、二次電池、電池パック、及び車両 | |
JP6659643B2 (ja) | 活物質、活物質複合材料、電極、二次電池、電池パック及び車両 | |
JP7091202B2 (ja) | 活物質、電極、二次電池、電池パック、及び車両 | |
JP7000223B2 (ja) | 活物質、活物質複合材料、電極、二次電池、電池パック及び車両 | |
JP6892407B2 (ja) | 電極、二次電池、電池パック、及び車両 | |
JP2021190250A (ja) | 電極材料、電極、二次電池、電池パック、及び車両 | |
JP6903602B2 (ja) | 電極、二次電池、電池パック、及び車両 | |
JP7414439B2 (ja) | 二次電池、電池パック及び車両 | |
JP2019169405A (ja) | 電極、二次電池、電池パック及び車両 | |
JP2021048009A (ja) | 電極、二次電池、電池パック、及び車両 | |
JP2021044221A (ja) | 電極、二次電池、電池パック、及び車両 | |
CN112599728B (zh) | 电极、二次电池、电池包及车辆 | |
JP7214674B2 (ja) | 電極、二次電池、電池パック及び車両 | |
JP2022047864A (ja) | 活物質、電極、二次電池、電池パック及び車両 | |
JP2022047875A (ja) | 電極、二次電池、電池パック及び車両 | |
JP7480096B2 (ja) | 活物質、電極、二次電池、電池パック、及び車両 | |
US20220344651A1 (en) | Electrode, secondary battery, battery pack, vehicle, method for manufacturing electrode-producing slurry, and method for manufacturing electrode | |
JP2023136912A (ja) | 電極、二次電池、電池パック、及び車両 | |
JP2023133954A (ja) | 活物質、電極、二次電池、電池パック、及び車両 | |
JP2022049805A (ja) | 電極、電極群、二次電池、電池パック、及び車両 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
A621 | Written request for application examination |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621 Effective date: 20210901 |
|
A977 | Report on retrieval |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007 Effective date: 20220616 |
|
A131 | Notification of reasons for refusal |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131 Effective date: 20220628 |
|
A521 | Request for written amendment filed |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523 Effective date: 20220810 |
|
TRDD | Decision of grant or rejection written | ||
A01 | Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01 Effective date: 20220913 |
|
A61 | First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure) |
Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61 Effective date: 20221012 |
|
R151 | Written notification of patent or utility model registration |
Ref document number: 7159133 Country of ref document: JP Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R151 |