JP2021044077A - リチウム硫黄二次電池 - Google Patents
リチウム硫黄二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[S] Chemical compound [Li].[S] JDZCKJOXGCMJGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000007774 positive electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007773 negative electrode material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 7
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 13
- -1 S 8 2- Chemical compound 0.000 description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 10
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006258 conductive agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropan-1-one Chemical compound CC(C)(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMLYCEVDHLAQEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910018091 Li 2 S Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920002319 Poly(methyl acrylate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004926 polymethyl methacrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- GTELLNMUWNJXMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethyl-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.CCC(CO)(CO)CO GTELLNMUWNJXMQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLGDWWCZQDIASO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-1-(7-oxabicyclo[4.1.0]hepta-1,3,5-trien-2-yl)-2-phenylethanone Chemical compound OC(C(=O)c1cccc2Oc12)c1ccccc1 NLGDWWCZQDIASO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl urethane Chemical compound CCOC(N)=O JOYRKODLDBILNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000733 Li alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910012851 LiCoO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000528 Na alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphine Natural products P XYFCBTPGUUZFHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001245 Sb alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Al] Chemical compound [Li].[Al] JFBZPFYRPYOZCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVLDJSZFKQJMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Li].[Si] Chemical compound [Li].[Si] ZVLDJSZFKQJMKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCCZVLHHCNQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Na][Si] Chemical compound [Na][Si] JCCZVLHHCNQSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002140 antimony alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- BZHNHDOWFCBZNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Sb] BZHNHDOWFCBZNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004760 aramid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003235 aromatic polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021383 artificial graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002484 cyclic voltammetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011245 gel electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- RRMGGYGDQCMPKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold lithium Chemical compound [Li].[Au] RRMGGYGDQCMPKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003949 imides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001989 lithium alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- UIDWHMKSOZZDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium tin Chemical compound [Li].[Sn] UIDWHMKSOZZDAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052976 metal sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021382 natural graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011255 nonaqueous electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002898 organic sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- FAQJJMHZNSSFSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylglyoxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 FAQJJMHZNSSFSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000073 phosphorus hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003463 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000001889 triflyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
Description
図2および図3に示すように、セパレータ30は、多孔体31と、多孔体31の内部空間を充填している樹脂32と、を含む。セパレータ機構を有する多孔体31に用いたセルメット(登録商標)は、気孔率98%、比表面積8500m2/m3、孔径0.45mm、厚さ1.4mmの発泡アルミニウムである(図3参照)。強度を改善するとともに、所定の大きさのコインセルケース51に収納するために、セルメットは、切断され、厚さ0.3mm程度に圧縮されて、多孔体31として用いられた。圧縮処理されている多孔体31は、気孔率85%であった。
正極20は単体硫黄(S8)を硫黄系電極活物質とし、単体硫黄(S)50重量%と、導電剤であるケッチェンブラック(KB)50重量%とが50重量%の割合で混合されたS/KB(硫黄/ケッチェンブラック)複合体を含む。S/KB複合体に結着剤としてポリフッ化ビニリデン(PVdF)が10重量%添加されたスラリーが、20μm厚のニッケル箔(集電体)に塗布されプレスされることにより、S/KBを含む正極20は作製されている。正極20の厚さは15μmから20μmで、重量比は、S/KB/PVdF=4.5/4.5/1.0である。
負極40は厚さ200μmの金属リチウム板である。
上記方法で作製した実施形態の電池10のサイクル特性を評価した。なお、比較のため、電池10と類似の構成の比較例の電池110も作製し、同様に評価、解析を行った。電池110は、多孔体31の内部空間に液体の電解液35が充填されているセパレータを有する。
第1実施形態の変形例のリチウム硫黄二次電池10Aは、リチウム硫黄二次電池10と類似し同じ効果を有するため、同じ機能の構成要素には同じ符号を付し説明は省略する。
11B 正極活物質
20・・・正極
30・・・セパレータ
31・・・多孔体
32・・・樹脂
35・・・電解液
40・・・負極
Claims (6)
- 正極活物質を含む正極と、負極活物質を含む負極と、前記正極と前記負極との間に配設されているセパレータと、を具備し、
前記セパレータが、電解液を含んでいる固体電解質である紫外線硬化型の樹脂を有することを特徴とするリチウム硫黄二次電池。 - 前記セパレータは、多孔体と、前記多孔体の内部空間に配設されている前記樹脂と、を含み、
前記多孔体は、空孔率が50%以上98%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム硫黄二次電池。 - 前記セパレータは、前記樹脂によって構成されているシートであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のリチウム硫黄二次電池。
- 前記シートの少なくともいずれかの主面に、前記電解液または前記樹脂が内部空間に配設されている多孔体が配設されていることを特徴とする請求項3に記載のリチウム硫黄二次電池。
- 前記電解液が、グライム系溶媒和イオン液体であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項4のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム硫黄二次電池。
- 前記樹脂の中の前記電解液の重量比が、75wt%以上95wt%以下であることを特徴とする請求項1から請求項5のいずれか1項に記載のリチウム硫黄二次電池。
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002164084A (ja) * | 2000-11-27 | 2002-06-07 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | リチウム電池およびその製造方法 |
JP2015516654A (ja) * | 2012-04-13 | 2015-06-11 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | 電気化学電池用層システム |
JP2017517130A (ja) * | 2014-05-30 | 2017-06-22 | ビーエイエスエフ・ソシエタス・エウロパエアBasf Se | 電気化学セルにおける保護層および他の構成要素として使用するためのポリマー |
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2002164084A (ja) * | 2000-11-27 | 2002-06-07 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | リチウム電池およびその製造方法 |
JP2015516654A (ja) * | 2012-04-13 | 2015-06-11 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | 電気化学電池用層システム |
JP2017517130A (ja) * | 2014-05-30 | 2017-06-22 | ビーエイエスエフ・ソシエタス・エウロパエアBasf Se | 電気化学セルにおける保護層および他の構成要素として使用するためのポリマー |
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