JP2021041489A - Reamer - Google Patents

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JP2021041489A
JP2021041489A JP2019165062A JP2019165062A JP2021041489A JP 2021041489 A JP2021041489 A JP 2021041489A JP 2019165062 A JP2019165062 A JP 2019165062A JP 2019165062 A JP2019165062 A JP 2019165062A JP 2021041489 A JP2021041489 A JP 2021041489A
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reamer
tip
main body
chamfered
outermost
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JP7386022B2 (en
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明紀 尾藤
Akinori Bito
明紀 尾藤
由健 加納
Yoshitake Kano
由健 加納
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Aisin Kiko Co Ltd
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Aisin Kiko Co Ltd
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Abstract

To modify the structure of the leading-end part of a reamer and improve the durability of the reamer.SOLUTION: A reamer 10A of the present disclosure comprises, at a leading end of a rod-like reamer body part 12 having a plurality of spiral grooves 13, a plurality of blade parts 22 using, as a cutting surface, a first side surface 15A that is an inside surface of each spiral groove 13. This reamer has, at a corner part between a leading-end surface 18 and an outermost side surface 17 of the reamer body part 12, an arcuate beveled surface 21 having a curvature radius of 2 [mm] or larger and continuing to the outermost side surface 17. With this structure, stress concentration at the leading end of the reamer body 12 is relieved to improve durability compared to a conventional structure.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 3

Description

本開示は、複数の螺旋溝を有する棒状のリーマ本体部の先端に、螺旋溝の内側面をすくい面とする複数の刃部を備えるリーマに関する。 The present disclosure relates to a reamer having a plurality of blades having a rake face on the inner surface of the spiral groove at the tip of a rod-shaped reamer main body having a plurality of spiral grooves.

一般にこの種のリーマは、リーマ本体部の外側面と先端面との角部にテーパー面を備えている。そして、テーパー面の刃部が、被加工物の下孔の開口縁に押し付けられて下孔の内面がリーマ加工される（例えば、特許文献１参照）。 Generally, this type of reamer has a tapered surface at the corner between the outer surface and the tip surface of the reamer main body. Then, the blade portion of the tapered surface is pressed against the opening edge of the prepared hole of the workpiece, and the inner surface of the prepared hole is reamed (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

特開平０８−３２３５４１号公報（図４，段落［００１１］）Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 08-323541 (Fig. 4, paragraph [0011])

ところで、上述したリーマは、刃部が劣化する度に上述したテーパー面の表面を切除するメンテナンスが行われる。また、リーマは先端部を消耗しながら使用していくことが常識になっているため、リーマの先端部の構造の検討はされたことがなかった。これに対し、本開示は、リーマの先端部の構造を見直し、リーマの耐久性を向上させることが可能な技術を開発することを目的とする。 By the way, in the above-mentioned reamer, maintenance is performed to cut off the surface of the above-mentioned tapered surface every time the blade portion deteriorates. In addition, since it is common sense to use the reamer while exhausting the tip, the structure of the tip of the reamer has never been examined. On the other hand, it is an object of the present disclosure to review the structure of the tip of the reamer and develop a technique capable of improving the durability of the reamer.

上記目的の下、リーマの劣化した刃部を精査したところ、刃部の摩耗ではなく欠損によって劣化しているものがあることが観察された。このことから、リーマ本体部の最外側面とテーパー面との角部に応力が集中していることが推測され、それを解消するためにリーマ本体部の最外側面に連続する円弧状の面取り面を形成するという見知を得て、以下の本発明を完成させるに至った。また、本発明によれば、バリの発生を抑えることができるという従来のものでは得られない効果も奏する。 When the deteriorated blade of the reamer was examined closely for the above purpose, it was observed that some of the blades were deteriorated due to defects rather than wear. From this, it is presumed that stress is concentrated on the corners of the outermost surface and the tapered surface of the reamer main body, and in order to eliminate this, an arc-shaped chamfer that is continuous with the outermost surface of the reamer main body is taken. With the knowledge of forming a surface, the following invention was completed. Further, according to the present invention, there is also an effect that the generation of burrs can be suppressed, which cannot be obtained by the conventional one.

即ち、本願の請求項１の発明は、複数の螺旋溝を有する棒状のリーマ本体部の先端に、前記螺旋溝の内側面をすくい面とする複数の刃部を備えるリーマにおいて、前記リーマ本体部の最外側面と先端面との角部に、曲率半径が２［ｍｍ］以上でかつ前記最外側面に連続する円弧状の面取り面を有するリーマである。 That is, the invention of claim 1 of the present application is a reamer having a plurality of blades having an inner side surface of the spiral groove as a rake face at the tip of a rod-shaped reamer main body having a plurality of spiral grooves. A reamer having an arc-shaped chamfered surface having a radius of curvature of 2 [mm] or more and continuous with the outermost surface at a corner between the outermost surface and the tip surface of the reamer.

請求項２の発明は、前記面取り面の前記曲率半径は、４〜６［ｍｍ］である請求項１に記載のリーマである。 The invention of claim 2 is the reamer according to claim 1, wherein the radius of curvature of the chamfered surface is 4 to 6 [mm].

請求項３の発明は、前記リーマ本体部の前記先端面の少なくとも一部はテーパー面をなし、前記円弧状の面取り面は、前記テーパー面と前記最外側面とに連続している請求項１又は２に記載のリーマである。 According to claim 1, at least a part of the tip surface of the reamer main body portion has a tapered surface, and the arc-shaped chamfered surface is continuous with the tapered surface and the outermost surface. Or it is the reamer described in 2.

本開示の第１実施形態のリーマの斜視図Perspective view of the reamer according to the first embodiment of the present disclosure. リーマの正面図Front view of reamer リーマの先端部の側断面図Side sectional view of the tip of the reamer （Ａ）Ｒ面取り面を有しないリーマの先端部の側断面図，（Ｂ）Ｒ面取り面を有するリーマの先端部の側断面図(A) Side sectional view of the tip of the reamer having no R chamfered surface, (B) Side sectional view of the tip of the reamer having the R chamfered surface. （Ａ）Ｒ面取り面を有しないリーマの切り込みの概念図，（Ｂ）Ｒ面取り面を有するリーマの切り込みの概念図，(A) Conceptual diagram of the notch of the reamer without the R chamfered surface, (B) Conceptual diagram of the notch of the reamer having the R chamfered surface, 第２実施形態のリーマの先端部の側断面図Side sectional view of the tip of the reamer of the second embodiment

［第１実施形態］
以下、図１〜図５を参照して本開示の第１実施形態のリーマ１０Ａについて説明する。図１に示すように、本実施形態のリーマ１０Ａは、棒状のリーマ本体部１２の基端側に棒状のチャック部１１を有する。そして、チャック部１１を例えばボール盤やマシニングセンター等の主軸に固定されて、リーマ１０Ａの基端側から先端側を見て時計回りとなる方向に回転駆動されて使用される。 [First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, the reamer 10A of the first embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5. As shown in FIG. 1, the reamer 10A of the present embodiment has a rod-shaped chuck portion 11 on the base end side of the rod-shaped reamer main body portion 12. Then, the chuck portion 11 is fixed to a spindle such as a drilling machine or a machining center, and is rotationally driven in a clockwise direction when viewed from the base end side to the tip end side of the reamer 10A for use.

リーマ本体部１２には、複数の螺旋溝１３が形成されている。それら螺旋溝１３は、リーマ本体部１２の基端側から先端側に向かうに従って時計回りに回転するように捻れている。 A plurality of spiral grooves 13 are formed in the reamer main body portion 12. The spiral groove 13 is twisted so as to rotate clockwise from the base end side to the tip end side of the reamer main body 12.

図２に示すように、リーマ本体部１２のうち隣り合う螺旋溝１３同士の間の螺旋突部１４は、リーマ１０Ａの回転方向の前側を向く第１側面１５Ａと、その反対側を向く第２側面１５Ｂと、それらに挟まれた突部先端面１４Ａとを備える。 As shown in FIG. 2, the spiral protrusion 14 between adjacent spiral grooves 13 in the reamer main body 12 has a first side surface 15A facing the front side in the rotational direction of the reamer 10A and a second side facing the opposite side. It includes a side surface 15B and a protrusion tip surface 14A sandwiched between them.

第１側面１５Ａは、例えば、リーマ本体部１２の中心軸Ｊ１と直交する架空の中心直交線Ｓ１上に位置する。突部先端面１４Ａは、最外側面１７と先端傾斜面１６とからなる。最外側面１７は、リーマ本体部１２の中心軸周りの架空の円筒面Ｃ１の一部を構成する円弧面になっている。また、先端傾斜面１６は、リーマ本体部１２の回転とは反対方向で最外側面１７から離れるに従って円筒面Ｃ１から内側に離れるように傾斜し、第２側面１５Ｂは、先端傾斜面１６から離れるに従って先端傾斜面１６より急角度で円筒面Ｃ１から内側に離れるように傾斜している。 The first side surface 15A is located, for example, on a fictitious central orthogonal line S1 orthogonal to the central axis J1 of the reamer main body 12. The protrusion tip surface 14A includes an outermost surface 17 and a tip inclined surface 16. The outermost surface 17 is an arc surface that forms a part of a fictitious cylindrical surface C1 around the central axis of the reamer main body 12. Further, the tip inclined surface 16 is inclined so as to be separated inward from the cylindrical surface C1 as it is separated from the outermost surface 17 in the direction opposite to the rotation of the reamer main body 12, and the second side surface 15B is separated from the tip inclined surface 16. Therefore, it is inclined inward from the cylindrical surface C1 at a steeper angle than the tip inclined surface 16.

なお、本実施形態では、上述した円筒面Ｃ１の直径は、例えば、９〜１５［ｍｍ］をなし、螺旋溝１３の数は６つになっている。これら値は別のものであってもよい。また、本実施形態では、リーマ本体部１２の最外側面１７が、架空の円筒面Ｃ１の一部を構成する円弧面になっているが、平坦面であってもよい。さらには、最外側面１７と先端傾斜面１６と第２側面１５Ｂとが滑らかに連続していてもよい。 In the present embodiment, the diameter of the cylindrical surface C1 described above is, for example, 9 to 15 [mm], and the number of spiral grooves 13 is six. These values may be different. Further, in the present embodiment, the outermost surface 17 of the reamer main body 12 is an arc surface forming a part of the fictitious cylindrical surface C1, but it may be a flat surface. Further, the outermost surface 17, the tip inclined surface 16 and the second side surface 15B may be smoothly continuous.

図３に示すように、リーマ本体部１２の先端面１８は、リーマ本体部１２の中心軸Ｊ１と直交する平坦面１９と、平坦面１９を包囲するテーパー面２０とを備えている。また、テーパー面２０のテーパー角θは４５〜９０度（具体的には、６０度）をなし、テーパー面２０の軸長は、例えば、０〜３［ｍｍ］になっている。なお、これら値は別のものであってもよい。 As shown in FIG. 3, the tip surface 18 of the reamer main body 12 includes a flat surface 19 orthogonal to the central axis J1 of the reamer main body 12 and a tapered surface 20 surrounding the flat surface 19. The taper angle θ of the tapered surface 20 is 45 to 90 degrees (specifically, 60 degrees), and the axial length of the tapered surface 20 is, for example, 0 to 3 [mm]. Note that these values may be different.

リーマ本体部１２の最外側面１７とリーマ本体部１２の先端面１８の一部であるテーパー面２０との角部は、Ｒ面取り加工されて円弧状の面取り面２１（以下、「Ｒ面取り面２１」という）を備えた構造になっている。Ｒ面取り面２１は、最外側面１７とテーパー面２０とに連続し、その曲率半径Ｒは、２［ｍｍ］以上（好ましくは４〜６［ｍｍ］、より好ましくは５［ｍｍ］）になっている。また、先端傾斜面１６とテーパー面２０との角部にもＲ面取り面２１が形成されて、最外側面１７側のＲ面取り面２１と連続している。 The corners of the outermost surface 17 of the reamer main body 12 and the tapered surface 20 which is a part of the tip surface 18 of the reamer main body 12 are R-chamfered to form an arc-shaped chamfered surface 21 (hereinafter, “R-chamfered surface”). 21 ”). The R chamfered surface 21 is continuous with the outermost surface 17 and the tapered surface 20, and its radius of curvature R is 2 [mm] or more (preferably 4 to 6 [mm], more preferably 5 [mm]). ing. Further, an R chamfered surface 21 is also formed at a corner portion between the tip inclined surface 16 and the tapered surface 20 and is continuous with the R chamfered surface 21 on the outermost surface 17 side.

第１側面１５Ａとテーパー面２０及びＲ面取り面２１とは、所謂、ピン角状態に交差している。そして、リーマ本体部１２の先端部に、第１側面１５Ａをすくい面とし、テーパー面２０及びＲ面取り面２１を逃げ面とする複数の刃部２２が形成されている。 The first side surface 15A, the tapered surface 20, and the R chamfered surface 21 intersect in a so-called pin angle state. A plurality of blade portions 22 having the first side surface 15A as a rake surface and the tapered surface 20 and the R chamfering surface 21 as escape surfaces are formed at the tip end portion of the reamer main body portion 12.

本実施形態のリーマ１０Ａの構造に関する説明は、以上である。次に、リーマ１０Ａの作用効果について説明する。図４（Ｂ）に示すように、本実施形態のリーマ１０Ａは、被加工物９０に形成されている下孔９１に芯だしされかつ前述の如く回転駆動された状態で軸方向に移動されて、下孔９１の開口縁に、刃部２２のうちＲ面取り面２１が逃げ面となっている部分を押し付けるようにして使用される。これにより下孔９１の内面がリーマ加工される。 The structure of the reamer 10A of the present embodiment has been described above. Next, the action and effect of the reamer 10A will be described. As shown in FIG. 4B, the reamer 10A of the present embodiment is centered in the prepared hole 91 formed in the workpiece 90 and is moved in the axial direction in a state of being rotationally driven as described above. , The portion of the blade portion 22 whose R chamfered surface 21 is a flank is pressed against the opening edge of the prepared hole 91. As a result, the inner surface of the prepared hole 91 is reamed.

ここで、本実施形態のリーマ１０Ａでは、リーマ本体部１２の最外側面１７と先端のテーパー面２０との角部に、リーマ本体部１２の最外側面１７に連続するＲ面取り面２１を備えているので不連続部分が減り、リーマ本体部１２の先端部における応力集中が緩和されて耐久性が従来より向上する。 Here, in the reamer 10A of the present embodiment, an R chamfered surface 21 continuous with the outermost surface 17 of the reamer main body 12 is provided at a corner between the outermost surface 17 of the reamer main body 12 and the tapered surface 20 at the tip. Therefore, the discontinuity portion is reduced, the stress concentration at the tip portion of the reamer main body portion 12 is relaxed, and the durability is improved as compared with the conventional case.

また、図４（Ａ）と図４（Ｂ）とに比較して示すように、被加工物９０に対する刃部２２の切込量が同じ条件の下では、Ｒ面取り面２１を有さない刃部２２と被加工物９０との当接範囲Ｌ１に比べ（図４（Ａ）参照）、Ｒ面取り面２１を有する刃部２２と被加工物９０との当接範囲Ｌ２は広くなる。このことより、リーマ１０Ａは、Ｒ面取り面２１を備えたことで、上述の不連続部分の減少による応力集中の緩和以外に、刃部２２と被加工物９０との当接範囲の増加によっても応力集中が緩和されて耐久性が従来より向上する。 Further, as shown in comparison with FIGS. 4A and 4B, a blade having no R chamfered surface 21 under the same condition that the cutting amount of the blade portion 22 with respect to the workpiece 90 is the same. The contact range L2 between the blade portion 22 having the R chamfered surface 21 and the workpiece 90 is wider than the contact range L1 between the portion 22 and the workpiece 90 (see FIG. 4A). From this, since the reamer 10A is provided with the R chamfered surface 21, the stress concentration is alleviated by reducing the discontinuous portion described above, and the contact range between the blade portion 22 and the workpiece 90 is also increased. Stress concentration is relaxed and durability is improved compared to the past.

さらには、本実施形態のリーマ１０Ａは、Ｒ面取り面２１を備えたことで、バリの発生を抑えることができる。即ち、リーマの送り量（リーマ１０Ａが１回転する間にリーマ１０Ａが軸方向に前進する量）が一定であれば、Ｒ面取り面２１を有しない刃部２２では、図５（Ａ）に示すように、テーパー面２０のうち径方向の何れの位置でも切り取り量は一定で、切り取られる切粉の大きさＬ３も同じになる。このため、被加工物９０から切り離されなかった切粉がバリと呼べる大きさになり得る。これに対し、図５（Ｂ）に示すように、Ｒ面取り面２１を有する刃部２２では、Ｒ面取り面２１のうち径方向のリーマ本体部１２の径方向の外側に近づくに従って切り取り量が小さくなり、切り取られる切粉の大きさＬ４が小さくなる。これにより、被加工物９０から切り離されなかった切粉がバリと呼ばれない大きまで小さくなる。即ち、本実施形態のリーマ１０Ａでは、Ｒ面取り面２１を備えたことで、バリの発生を抑えることができる。 Further, the reamer 10A of the present embodiment is provided with the R chamfered surface 21, so that the occurrence of burrs can be suppressed. That is, if the feed amount of the reamer (the amount by which the reamer 10A advances in the axial direction while the reamer 10A makes one rotation) is constant, the blade portion 22 having no R chamfered surface 21 is shown in FIG. 5 (A). As described above, the amount of cutting is constant at any position in the radial direction of the tapered surface 20, and the size L3 of the chips to be cut is also the same. Therefore, the chips that are not separated from the workpiece 90 can have a size that can be called a burr. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5B, in the blade portion 22 having the R chamfered surface 21, the cutting amount becomes smaller as the blade portion 22 of the R chamfered surface 21 approaches the outer side of the radial reamer main body portion 12 in the radial direction. Therefore, the size L4 of the chips to be cut becomes smaller. As a result, the chips that are not separated from the workpiece 90 are reduced to a size not called a burr. That is, in the reamer 10A of the present embodiment, the occurrence of burrs can be suppressed by providing the R chamfered surface 21.

［第２実施形態］
本実施形態のリーマ１０Ｂは、図６に示されており、第１実施形態のリーマ１０Ａが備えていたテーパー面２０は有しない。即ち、本実施形態のリーマ１０Ｂでは、リーマ本体部１２の先端面１８は、リーマ本体部１２の中心軸Ｊ１と直交する平坦面になっている。そして、その先端面１８と最外側面１７とに連続するように前述のＲ面取り面２１が形成されている。本実施形態のリーマ１０Ｂの構造によっても第１実施形態のリーマ１０Ａと同様の効果を奏する。ただし、第１実施形態のリーマ１０Ａのようにテーパー面２０を備えれば、そのテーパー面２０をガイドにして被加工物９０の下孔９１へのリーマ１０Ａに挿入が容易になる。 [Second Embodiment]
The reamer 10B of the present embodiment is shown in FIG. 6 and does not have the tapered surface 20 provided by the reamer 10A of the first embodiment. That is, in the reamer 10B of the present embodiment, the tip surface 18 of the reamer main body 12 is a flat surface orthogonal to the central axis J1 of the reamer main body 12. The above-mentioned R chamfered surface 21 is formed so as to be continuous with the tip surface 18 and the outermost surface 17. The structure of the reamer 10B of the present embodiment also has the same effect as that of the reamer 10A of the first embodiment. However, if the tapered surface 20 is provided as in the reamer 10A of the first embodiment, the tapered surface 20 can be used as a guide to easily insert the tapered surface 20 into the reamer 10A into the prepared hole 91 of the workpiece 90.

なお、Ｒ面取り面２１は、最外側面１７に連続していれば、先端面１８とは連続していなくてもよい。また、例えば、リーマ１０Ａを芯だしするための支持シャフトが先端面１８の中央部分から延設された構造としてもよい。 The R chamfered surface 21 does not have to be continuous with the tip surface 18 as long as it is continuous with the outermost surface 17. Further, for example, a support shaft for centering the reamer 10A may be extended from the central portion of the tip surface 18.

１０Ａ，１０Ｂ リーマ
１２ リーマ本体部
１３ 螺旋溝
１７ 最外側面
１８ 先端面
２０ テーパー面
２１ 面取り面
２２ 刃部
θ テーパー角 10A, 10B Reamer 12 Reamer body 13 Spiral groove 17 Outermost surface 18 Tip surface 20 Tapered surface 21 Chamfered surface 22 Blade part θ Tapered angle

Claims (3)

複数の螺旋溝を有する棒状のリーマ本体部の先端に、前記螺旋溝の内側面をすくい面とする複数の刃部を備えるリーマにおいて、
前記リーマ本体部の最外側面と先端面との角部に、曲率半径が２［ｍｍ］以上でかつ前記最外側面に連続する円弧状の面取り面を有するリーマ。 In a reamer having a plurality of blades having an inner side surface of the spiral groove as a rake face at the tip of a rod-shaped reamer main body having a plurality of spiral grooves.
A reamer having an arc-shaped chamfered surface having a radius of curvature of 2 [mm] or more and continuous with the outermost surface at a corner between the outermost surface and the tip surface of the reamer main body. 前記面取り面の前記曲率半径は、４〜６［ｍｍ］である請求項１に記載のリーマ。 The reamer according to claim 1, wherein the radius of curvature of the chamfered surface is 4 to 6 [mm]. 前記リーマ本体部の前記先端面の少なくとも一部はテーパー面をなし、
前記円弧状の面取り面は、前記テーパー面と前記最外側面とに連続している請求項１又は２に記載のリーマ。 At least a part of the tip surface of the reamer main body has a tapered surface.
The reamer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the arc-shaped chamfered surface is continuous with the tapered surface and the outermost surface.
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