JP2020504029A - 熱硬化性組成物及びそれからの三次元物体の形成 - Google Patents
熱硬化性組成物及びそれからの三次元物体の形成 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2020504029A JP2020504029A JP2019519367A JP2019519367A JP2020504029A JP 2020504029 A JP2020504029 A JP 2020504029A JP 2019519367 A JP2019519367 A JP 2019519367A JP 2019519367 A JP2019519367 A JP 2019519367A JP 2020504029 A JP2020504029 A JP 2020504029A
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、熱硬化性組成物及び積層造形技法により三次元物体を製造するための方法及びそれから製造される物品に関する。
三次元印刷としても知られる積層造形は、コンピュータデータをもとに三次元物体を構築するための技法であり、最終的な三次元物体が製造されるまで1回につき一部分ずつ物体を堆積させていくものである。付加技法は、最終的な三次元物体よりも多量の材料から材料の一部を取り除くことにより三次元物体を製造する切削等の除去技法と対比することができる。
本発明は、i)テレフタル酸(TPA)及びポリオールの反応生成物を含む主鎖と、ii)1分子当たり数平均で少なくとも2個の重合性基と、を含むポリエステルを用いるものであり、重合性基は、アクリレート、メタクリレート、エポキシ、オキセタン、ヒドロキシル、イタコネート、ビニルエーテル、アリルエーテル、マレエート、又はフマレートを含む(以後、「TPA系ポリエステル」と称する)。TPA系ポリエステルの数平均分子量は800〜10,000g/molであり、ガラス転移温度(Tg)は40℃以上である。TPA系ポリエステルは、積層造形プロセスを介して三次元物体を形成するための組成物等の組成物中に用いることもできるし、或いは、材料のキットの構成要素を合一することにより組成物が生成する、材料のキットとして用いることもできる。
積層造形プロセスを介して三次元物体を形成するための組成物は、少なくとも第1網目形成性成分を含む。一実施形態において、積層造形プロセスを介して三次元物体を形成するため組成物は、第1網目形成性成分からなる。
三次元物体を形成するための組成物は、TPA系ポリエステルを含む。TPA系ポリエステルは、主鎖と、1分子当たり数平均で少なくとも2個の重合性基と、を含む。主鎖は、テレフタル酸(TPA)とポリオールとの反応生成物を含む。
積層造形プロセスを介して三次元物体を形成するための組成物は、TPA系ポリエステルに加えて、1種又は複数種の第1網目モノマー及び第1網目開始剤を含む。TPA系ポリエステルの重合性基に応じて、第1網目モノマー及び任意選択的な1種又は複数種の更なる第1網目モノマー、オリゴマー、又はポリマーは、ラジカル重合可能な化合物であってもよいし、或いは、カチオン重合可能な化合物であってもよく、第1網目開始剤は、ラジカル開始剤であってもよいし、或いは、カチオン開始剤であってもよい。一実施形態において、TPA系ポリエステルは、アクリレート、メタクリレート、イタコネート、アリルエーテル、マレエート、又はフマレートを含む重合性基を含み、第1網目モノマー及び任意選択的な1種又は複数種の更なる第1網目モノマー、オリゴマー、又はポリマーは、ラジカル重合可能な化合物であり、第1網目開始剤は、ラジカル開始剤である。一実施形態において、TPA系ポリエステルは、ヒドロキシル、エポキシ、又はオキセタンを含む重合性基であり、第1網目モノマー及び任意選択的な1種又は複数種の更なる第1網目モノマー、オリゴマー、又はポリマーは、カチオン重合可能な化合物であり、第1網目開始剤は、カチオン開始剤である。
任意選択的に、本発明の組成物は、TPA系ポリエステル又は1種若しくは複数種の第1網目モノマーの重合性基と(共)重合可能な重合性基を数平均で2個以上有する、1種又は複数種の更なる第1網目モノマー、オリゴマー、又はポリマーを含む。
任意選択的に、本発明の組成物は、第2網目形成性成分を含む。第2網目形成性成分は、TPA系ポリエステルの重合性基と(共)重合しない重合性基を含む1種又は複数種の第2網目化合物と、1種又は複数種の第2網目化合物の重合を開始させるための第2網目開始剤と、を含む。一実施形態において、TPA系ポリエステルは、アクリレート、メタクリレート、又はイタコネートを含む重合性基を含み、1種又は複数種の第2網目化合物は、エポキシ、オキセタン、又はヒドロキシルを含む重合性基を含む。
一実施形態において、第1網目形成性成分又は第2網目形成性成分は、少なくとも1種のラジカル重合可能な化合物、即ち、フリーラジカルによって重合を開始する成分を含む。ラジカル重合可能な化合物は、モノマー、オリゴマー、及び/又はポリマーであり;これらは、単官能性又は多官能性材料である、即ち、重合をフリーラジカルにより開始することができる1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10、20、30、40、50、100個、又はそれを超える官能基を有し、それぞれ1又は2以上のヘテロ原子を含むことができる、脂肪族、芳香族、脂環式、アリール脂肪族、又はこれらの任意の組合せを含むことができる。
一実施形態において、第1網目形成性成分又は第2網目形成性成分は、少なくとも1種のカチオン重合可能な化合物、即ち、カチオン重合する化合物を含む。カチオン重合可能な化合物は、環状エーテル化合物、環状アセタール化合物、環状チオエーテル化合物、スピロオルトエステル化合物、環状ラクトン化合物、及びビニルエーテル化合物、並びにそれらの任意の組合せからなる群から選択することができる。組成物中に存在することができるカチオン重合性基の中でも、指環式エポキシ基及びオキセタン基は、一般に反応が最も速く、そのような理由で好ましい。
第1網目形成性成分又は第2網目形成性成分がラジカル重合可能な化合物を含む場合、第1網目形成性成分又は第2網目形成性成分はそれぞれ、ラジカル重合開始剤も含む。ラジカル重合開始剤の好ましい例は、熱開始剤及び光開始剤である。好ましくは、ラジカル重合開始剤は、光ラジカル開始剤を含む。
第1網目形成性成分又は第2網目形成性成分がラジカル重合可能な化合物を含む場合、第1網目形成性成分又は第2網目形成性成分はそれぞれ、カチオン重合開始剤も含むことができる。カチオン重合開始剤の好ましい例は、熱開始剤及び光開始剤である。好ましくは、カチオン重合開始剤は、光カトニック(catonic)開始剤である。光カチオン開始剤は、光を照射するとカチオン開環重合を開始する。
特定の実施形態において、組成物は粒子状フィラーを含む。粒子状フィラーの例としては、有機及び無機粒子状フィラーの両方が挙げられる。粒子状フィラーは表面官能基を有していても有していなくてもよく、表面官能基は、第1網目形成性成分又は第2網目形成性成分と(共)重合可能な重合性基を含む。粒子状フィラーはコア−シェル型粒子等の有機粒子、無機粒子、顔料、又は可塑剤を含む、ミクロ粒子又はナノ粒子とすることができる。一実施形態において、粒子状フィラーは、SiO2、AlO2、TiO2、ZnO2、SnO2、Am−SnO2、ZrO2、Sb−SnO2、Al2O3、又はカーボンブラック等の無機フィラーを含む。一実施形態において、粒子状フィラーは、ポリウレタン粒子、ポリスチレン粒子、ポリ(メタクリル酸メチル)粒子、ポリカーボネート粒子、又はコア−シェル型粒子等の有機フィラーを含む。
組成物中に存在することができる追加成分としては、粘度安定剤又は光安定剤等の安定剤、UV吸収剤、染料、顔料、可塑剤、界面活性剤、酸化防止剤、湿潤剤、光増感剤、消泡剤、難燃剤、シランカップリング剤、酸捕捉剤、熱開始剤の促進剤、及び/又は破泡剤(bubble breaker)が挙げられる。
本発明の実施形態によれば、組成物を重合することにより物品を形成することができる。一実施形態において、組成物中の重合性基を全体の90%以上を重合することにより形成されるフィルムの150℃で測定された引張弾性率は、3MPaから、5MPaから、7MPaから、10MPaから、15MPaから、又は20MPaから50MPaまで、45MPaまで、又は40MPaまでである。一実施形態において、組成物中の重合性基の90%以を重合することにより形成されるフィルムの23℃における降伏応力は50〜90MPaであり、23℃における破断伸びは3%を超え、任意選択的に、150℃で測定された上述の引張弾性率を兼ね備える。一実施形態において、組成物中の重合性基全体の90%以上を重合させることにより形成されるフィルムの23℃における引張弾性率は2000〜3500MPaである。150℃における引張弾性率は、ASTM D5026に準拠してDMTAにより測定される。23℃における引張弾性率、23℃における降伏強度、及び23℃における破断伸びは、ISO 37:2011 Rubber、vulcanized or thermoplastic−Determination of tensile stress−strain properties(加硫ゴム又は熱可塑性ゴム−引張応力とひずみ特性の求め方)に準拠して測定される。
[実施例]
温度計、攪拌機、及び合成中に生成する水を除去するための蒸留装置を取り付けた反応槽に、適切であればスズ触媒及び1,2−プロパンジオール及びトリメチロールプロパンを装入した。槽にテレフタル酸を加えた後、窒素気流中、混合物が110℃に到達するまで加熱した。反応生成水を蒸留しながら温度を徐々に245℃まで昇温し、ポリエステル前駆体の酸価が20mgKOH/g未満になるまで加熱し、水酸基価を測定した。必要であれば、200℃で1,2−プロパンジオールを用いて反応混合物を補正(所望の水酸基価を15〜20mgKOH/g超えるように)し、更に1時間245℃で加熱した後、減圧ステップに進んだ。ポリエステルの酸価が5mgKOH/g未満に到達し、所望の水酸基価に到達するまで200℃で減圧した。更に酸価を低下させるために、炭酸エチレンを190℃で加えた。この量は、酸価の測定値をゼロまで低下させることに基づく量とした。温度を1時間200℃に維持した後、15分間減圧し、室温に維持したアルミ箔上に混合物を排出した。ポリエステルの化学的構成を表0.1及び0.2に示す。
ポリエステルの酸価(AV)及び水酸基価(OH)を、ISO 2114−2000及びISO 4629−1978に準拠し、滴定により決定した。
TA instruments製示差走査熱量分析(DSC)であるDSC Q20装置を使用し、インジウムで校正を行い、N2雰囲気中、樹脂のガラス転移温度(Tg(℃))を測定した。シグナル(DSCサーモグラム、熱流vs温度)の処理を、TA instruments提供のUniversal Analysis 2000ソフトウェアversion 4.5aを用いて、以下に記載するように実施した。
表0.2に示したポリエステルを塩化メタクリロイルで官能基化することにより、メタクリレート基を有するTPAポリエステルを得た。
NBK−003886−001→MH−01245−029
NBK−003245−072→MH−01245−080
NBK−003245−075→MH−01245−083
NBK−003245−095→MH−01245−87
NBK−003245−096→MH−01245−84及びMH−01245−102
NBK−003245−098→MH−01245−86
NBK−003245−124→MH−01245−112
NBK−003886−001(99g、39.7mmol)を500mL容の4頚RBフラスコに秤量した。秤量後、RBフラスコに、温度計、スターラーバー、N2導入口、及びセプタムを取り付ける。RBフラスコにN2を最低でも30分間フラッシュした。ジクロロメタン(無水)(250mL)を50mLのガラスシリンジを用いてセプタムからRBフラスコに注入した。次いでオリゴマーを室温で溶解する。オリゴマーが完全に溶解したら、トリエチルアミン(24.19mL、174mmol)を反応混合物に加え、次いで塩化メタクリロイル(13.46mL、138mmol)を滴下した。添加の最中は、約5℃の等温線が認められた。発熱反応を制御するためにフラスコを氷水で冷却した。2.5時間後に反応混合物を分析した。試料を濾過し、室温で真空乾燥させた。反応混合物を室温のN2条件下で一晩攪拌した。
003245−072(227g、232mmol)を500mL容の4頚RBフラスコに秤量した。秤量後、RBフラスコに、温度計、スターラーバー、N2導入口、及びセプタムを取り付ける。
003245−075(100g、48.5mmol)を500mL容の4頚RBフラスコに秤量した。秤量後、RBフラスコに温度計、スターラーバー、N2導入口、及びセプタムを取り付ける。
ポリエステルを官能化するための代替的な方法(例えば、NBK−003245−124)は、好ましい反応性希釈剤中でポリエステルをイソホロンジイソシアネート及びメタクリル酸ヒドロキシエチルと反応させるウレタン合成を行うものである。このプロセスにより、反応性希釈剤(この場合はメタクリル酸ベンジル)中でポリエステルウレタンメタクリレートが生成する。希薄空気(lean air)を備えたガラス製反応器に、イソホロンジイソシアネート(979.5g、1.463mol)、ブチル化ヒドロキシトルエン(3g、500ppm)、メタクリル酸ベンジル(1200g)、及びジブチルスズジラウレート(3g)を加え、5分間混合する。反応器を冷却しながら、3時間かけてメタクリル酸ヒドロキシエチル(573.5g)を添加する。1時間後、メタクリル酸ベンジル(1200g)及びジブチルスズジラウレート(3g)、10分間混合する。次いでTPAポリエステル(NBK−003245−124)(2038.0g)を添加し、混合物を85℃に加熱する。反応を85℃で約16時間継続する。次いで反応器を125ミクロンのフィルター上に排出する。得られた材料は、メタクリル酸ベンジル中にポリエステルウレタンメタクリレートを含む60/40混合物である(NBK−003068−110)。
固体のポリエステルを紫外線保護されたスクリューキャップ付きバイアルに装入する。次いで反応性希釈剤を添加する。溶解させるために混合物を攪拌し、80℃に加熱する。混合物が均一になったらIrgacure819を加え(全質量の2%)、溶解させる。
ガラスをフルオロシラン(fluor silane)で前処理し、120℃で一晩反応させた。前処理したガラス上にドクターブレード(500μm)を用いてフィルムを作製し、次いで、窒素気流を備えたFusion製UV照射装置(UV−rig)を使用し、Dバルブ下で30℃で硬化させる。総UV照射量は13W/cm2で約7J/cm2(UVA、UVB、及びUVCの合計)とした。
硬化したフィルムから幅約2mmの試験片を打ち抜く。厚さは、校正済みのハイデンハイン(Heidenhain)厚み測定装置で測定する。動的機械分析は、ASTM D5026に準拠し、RSA−G2試験装置を使用し、周波数を1Hzとし、昇温速度を5℃/分として−100℃〜200℃の範囲の温度で実施する。この測定では、貯蔵弾性率(E’)、損失弾性率(E’)、及び損失正接(tanδ)が温度の関数として求められる。
引張特性は、国際標準規格ISO 37(第3版1994−05−15)「Rubber、vulcanized or thermoplastic−Determination of tensile stress−strain properties(加硫ゴム又は熱可塑性ゴム−引張応力とひずみ特性の求め方)」に準拠し、Zwick製Z010型デジタル式引張試験機で測定する。引張試験のパラメータを表0.3に示す。
TPA系ポリエステルMH−01245−029(官能基数2、Mn約2500g/mol)70重量部、HEMA(メタクリル酸ヒドロキシルエチル)30重量部、及びIrgacure(登録商標)819を2重量部からなる組成物を調製した。試料は80℃で硬化させる。DMTAの結果を表1.1に示す。引張試験のデータを図1に示し、表1.2に記載する。
TPA系ポリエステルMH−01245−083(官能基数2.7、Mn約2000g/mol)60重量部、HEMAを40重量部、及びIrgacure(登録商標)819を2重量部からなる組成物を調製する。試料を30℃で硬化させる。DMTAの結果を表2.1に示す。引張試験のデータを図2に示し、表2.2に記載する。
次いで、様々な官能基数及び分子量を有するTPAポリエステルの様々な60/40組成物(即ち、TPA系ポリエステル60重量部、HEMA40重量部、及び光開始剤Irgacure819を2重量部)を生成した。それぞれのTg及び150℃における引張弾性率から求めた架橋密度(実施例3:MH−01245−087、官能基数2.85、Mn約2050g/mol;実施例4:MH−01245−084、官能基数2.62、Mn約1500g/mol;実施例5:MH−01245−086、官能基数2.84、Mn約1600g/mol)を次の表2.3に示す。
次いで、TPA系ポリエステルMH−01245−084(官能基数2.62、Mn約1500g/mol)60重量部と、各希釈剤(実施例6:メタクリル酸イソボルニル即ちIBOMA;実施例7:メタクリル酸ベンジル即ちBMA;実施例8:メタクリル酸シクロヘキシル即ちCHMA;実施例9:メタクリル酸テトラヒドロフルフリル即ちTHFMA;実施例10:メタクリル酸ヒドロキシプロピル即ちHPMA;実施例11:メタクリル酸ヒドロキシエチル即ちHEMA)40重量部と、光開始剤Irgacure819)組成物を2重量部とを含む様々な混合物を生成することにより、様々な第1網目モノマーの効果を確認した。ここでも同様に、それぞれのTg及び150℃における引張弾性率から求めた架橋密度を次の表2.4に記載する。
カチオン重合可能な部分を含む材料の網目構造の効果を実施例12〜15で観測した。このカチオン性部分は、Somos(登録商標)NeXt(DSMより入手可能)から固形粒子を取り除くために遠心分離に付したものである(0763−119)。これらの実験に使用した組成物(ここでも同様に、Tg及び150℃における引張弾性率により求めた架橋密度)を表2.5に記載し、結果を2.6に反映する。
最後に実験を実施し、それによって、粉末/結合剤を用いる3D印刷プロセスを模擬することにより、本発明による組成物の適合性を試験した。これに従い、ポリエステル15グラムを212ミクロンの篩で篩別した。この篩別した粉末4グラムをプレート上に均等に分割した。その間、THFMAを3.54グラム及びBAPO(ビスアシルホスフィンオキシド)89mgを混合した。この混合物をプレート上に延ばして「混合」させた。40℃で15分後、ほぼ全てが「溶解した」。次いでプレートを、Fusion製H−バルブを用いて1分間かけてUV硬化させた。DMTAのグラフをプロットした。結果を表2.7にまとめた。
実施例1及び2に対する実験から分かるように、形成された網目により高いTg(約90℃)及び低い架橋密度(3〜10MPa)が達成される。これらの値は光造形に使用される既存の材料よりも優れている。一般に、光造形用材料の挙動は、比較的脆性が高く、一般に、降伏応力は70MPaをはるかに超えるが、ここで形成した網目が達成する降伏応力は65MPaである。
1)積層造形プロセスを介して三次元物体を形成するための組成物であって:
a.第1網目形成性成分であって:
i.主鎖を含み、数平均で少なくとも2個の重合性基を有し、主鎖は、テレフタル酸及びポリオールの反応生成物を含み、重合性基は、アクリレート、メタクリレート、エポキシ、オキセタン、ヒドロキシル、イタコネート、ビニルエーテル、アリルエーテル、マレエート、又はフマレートを含む、TPA系ポリエステルであって、数平均分子量は800〜10000g/molであり、Tgは40℃以上である、TPA系ポリエステルを、第1網目形成性成分の総重量を基準として19.95〜80重量%と;
ii.TPA系ポリエステルの重合性基と(共)重合可能な重合性基を数平均で0.95〜1.1個有する1種又は複数種の第1網目モノマーであって、1種又は複数種の第1網目モノマーから形成される直鎖状ポリマーは、Tgが40℃以上である、第1網目モノマーを、網目形成性成分の総重量を基準として19.95〜80重量%と;
iii.TPA系ポリエステル及び第1網目モノマーの重合を開始させることができる1種又は複数種の第1網目開始剤を、第1網目形成性成分の総重量を基準として0.05〜5重量%と;
iv.任意選択的に、TPA系ポリエステル又は1種若しくは複数種の第1網目モノマーの重合性基と(共)重合可能な重合性基を数平均で2個以上有する1種又は複数種の更なる第1網目モノマー、オリゴマー、又はポリマーを、15重量%までと;
からなる、第1網目形成性成分を、組成物の総重量を基準として30〜100重量%と;
b.任意選択的に、TPA系ポリエステルの重合性基と(共)重合しない重合性基を含む1種又は複数種の第2網目化合物と、1種又は複数種の第2網目化合物の重合を開始させるための第2網目開始剤と、を含む第2網目形成性成分と;
c.任意選択的に、TPA系ポリエステルの重合性基と(共)重合可能な重合性基を含む粒子状フィラーと、
を含む、組成物。
a.粒子状の組成物構成成分であって:
i.主鎖を含み、数平均で少なくとも2個の重合性基を有するTPA系ポリエステルであって、主鎖は、テレフタル酸及びポリオールの反応生成物を含み、重合性基は、アクリレート、メタクリレート、エポキシ、オキセタン、ヒドロキシル、イタコネート、ビニルエーテル、アリルエーテル、マレエート、又はフマレートを含み、TPA系ポリエステルは、数平均分子量が800〜10000g/molであり、Tgは40℃以上である、TPA系ポリエステルを、第1網目形成性成分の総重量を基準として19.95〜80重量%と;
ii.任意選択的に、TPA系ポリエステルの重合性基と(共)重合可能な重合性基を含む粒子状フィラーと;
を含む、粒子状の組成物構成成分と;
b.液状の組成物構成成分であって:
i.TPA系ポリエステルの重合性基と(共)重合可能な重合性基を数平均で0.95〜1.1個有する1種又は複数種の第1網目モノマーであって、1種又は複数種の第1網目モノマーから形成される直鎖状ポリマーはTgが40℃以上である、第1網目モノマーを、網目形成性成分の総重量を基準として19.95〜80重量%と;
ii.任意選択的に、TPA系ポリエステル又は1種若しくは複数種の第1網目モノマーの重合性基と(共)重合可能な重合性基を数平均で2個以上有する1種又は複数種の更なる第1網目モノマー、オリゴマー、又はポリマーを、15重量%までと;
を含む、液状の組成物構成成分と;
c.TPA系ポリエステル及び第1網目モノマーの重合を開始させることができる1種又は複数種の第1網目開始剤であって、粒子状の組成物構成成分中、液状の組成物構成成分中、又は両方に存在することができる、第1網目開始剤を、第1網目形成性成分の総重量を基準として0.05〜5重量%と;
d.任意選択的に、TPA系ポリエステルの重合性基と(共)重合しない重合性基を含む1種又は複数種の第2網目化合物と、1種又は複数種の第2網目化合物の重合を開始させるための第2網目開始剤と、を含む第2網目形成性成分であって、第2網目形成性成分の置換基は、粒子状の組成物構成成分中、又は液状の組成物構成成分中に存在するか、又は、一部は粒子状の組成物構成成分中に存在し、一部は液状の組成物構成成分中に存在することができる、第2網目形成性成分と;
を含む、キット。
(式中、Rは、気体定数8.314cm3MPaK−1mol−1であり、Tは、423.15Kであり、fは、TPA系ポリエステルの重合性基の数平均であり、ρは、TPA系ポリエステルの密度(g/cm3)であり、Mpolyesterは、TPA系ポリエステルの数平均分子量(g/mol)であり、wpolyesterは、第1網目形成性成分中におけるTPA系ポリエステルの重量分率であり、Xは、3であり、Yは50である)を満たす、上述の例示的な実施形態のいずれか一つによる組成物又はキット。
(式中、Rは、気体定数8.314cm3MPaK−1mol−1であり、Tは、423.15Kであり、fは、TPA系ポリエステルの重合性基の数平均であり、ρは、TPA系ポリエステルの密度(g/cm3)であり、Mpolyesterは、TPA系ポリエステルの数平均分子量(g/mol)であり、wpolyesterは、第1網目形成性成分中におけるTPA系ポリエステルの重量分率であり、Xは、3、5、7、10、15、又は20であり、Yは、50、45、又は40である)を満たす、上述の例示的な実施形態のいずれか一つによる組成物又はキット。
Claims (15)
- 積層造形プロセスを介して三次元物体を形成するための組成物であって:
a.第1網目形成性成分であって:
i.主鎖を含み、数平均で少なくとも2個の重合性基を有し、前記主鎖は、テレフタル酸及びポリオールの反応生成物を含み、前記重合性基は、アクリレート、メタクリレート、エポキシ、オキセタン、ヒドロキシル、イタコネート、ビニルエーテル、アリルエーテル、マレエート、又はフマレートを含む、TPA系ポリエステルであって、数平均分子量は、800〜10000g/molであり、Tgは、少なくとも25℃又は少なくとも40℃である、TPA系ポリエステルを、前記第1網目形成性成分の総重量を基準として19.95〜80重量%と;
ii.前記TPA系ポリエステルの前記重合性基と(共)重合可能な重合性基を数平均で0.95〜1.1個有する1種又は複数種の第1網目モノマーであって、前記1種又は複数種の第1網目モノマーから形成される直鎖状ポリマーは、Tgが少なくとも25℃又は少なくとも40℃である、1種又は複数種の第1網目モノマーを、前記網目形成性成分の総重量を基準として19.95〜80重量%と;
iii.前記TPA系ポリエステル及び前記第1網目モノマーの重合を開始させることができる1種又は複数種の第1網目開始剤を、前記第1網目形成性成分の総重量を基準として0.05〜5重量%と;
iv.任意選択的に、前記TPA系ポリエステル又は前記1種若しくは複数種の第1網目モノマーの前記重合性基と(共)重合可能な重合性基を数平均で2個以上有する1種又は複数種の更なる第1網目モノマー、オリゴマー、又はポリマーを、15重量%までと;
からなる、第1網目形成性成分を、前記組成物の総重量を基準として30〜100重量%と;
b.任意選択的に、前記TPA系ポリエステルの前記重合性基と(共)重合しない重合性基を含む1種又は複数種の第2網目化合物と、前記1種又は複数種の第2網目化合物の重合を開始させるための第2網目開始剤と、を含む、第2網目形成性成分と;
c.任意選択的に、前記TPA系ポリエステルの前記重合性基と(共)重合可能な重合性基を含む、粒子状フィラーと、
を含む、組成物。 - 前記第1網目開始剤は、光開始剤を含む、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記組成物の前記重合性基全体の90%以上を重合させることにより形成されるフィルムは、150℃で測定される引張弾性率が3〜50MPaであり、Tgが40℃以上である、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 前記重合性基は末端基を含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記重合性基は末端基からなる、請求項1〜4のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記TPA系ポリエステルは、数平均で2〜3個の末端基を有し、前記組成物中における前記TPA系ポリエステルの量、数平均分子量、及び末端基の数平均は、次式:
- 前記TPA系ポリエステルの前記主鎖の少なくとも50mol%は、多価酸及びポリオールの反応生成物を含み、前記多価酸の含有量の少なくとも50mol%は、テレフタル酸である、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記TPA系ポリエステルの前記主鎖の少なくとも75mol%は、テレフタル酸及びポリオールの反応生成物を含む、請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記TPA系ポリエステルは、数平均で2〜3個の末端基を有する、請求項1〜8のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記TPA系ポリエステルは、数平均分子量が800〜8000g/molである、請求項1〜9のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記1種又は複数種の第1網目モノマーから形成される直鎖状ポリマーは、Tgが60℃以上である、請求項4に記載の組成物
- 前記1種又は複数種の第1網目モノマーは、分子量が300g/mol以下である、請求項1〜11のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記1種又は複数種の第1網目モノマーは、(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ヒドロキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ヒドロキシプロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸シクロヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸ベンジル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソボルニル、又は(メタ)アクリル酸イソブチルを含む、請求項1〜12のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 前記1種又は複数種の第1網目モノマーは、シクロヘキセンオキシド、tert−ブチルグリシジルエーテル、4−クロロフェニルグリシジルエーテル、シクロペンテンオキシド、exo−2,3−エポキシノルボルナン、1,2−エポキシ−3−フェノキシプロパン、(2,3−エポキシプロピル)ベンゼン、N−(2,3−エポキシプロピル)フタルイミド、exo−3,6−エポキシ−1,2,3,6−テトラヒドロフタル酸無水物、3,4−エポキシテトラヒドロチオフェン−1,1−ジオキシド、フルフリルグリシジルエーテル、グリシジル4−メトキシフェニルエーテル、グリシジル2−メチルフェニルエーテル、イソホロンオキシド、α−ピネンオキシド、cis−スチルベンオキシド、スチレンオキシド、メチル,メチル7−オキサビシクロ[4.1.0]ヘプタン−3−カルボキシレート、7−オキサビシクロ(4.1.0)ヘプタン−3−カルボン酸22−エチルヘキシル、3−エチル−3−ヒドロキシメチルオキセタン、3−エチル−3−(3−ヒドロキシプロピル)オキシメチルオキセタン、又は3−エチル−3−(4−ヒドロキシブチル)オキシメチルオキセタンを含む、請求項1〜13のいずれか一項に記載の組成物。
- 三次元物体を形成する方法であって:
a.請求項1〜14のいずれか一項に記載の組成物の層を形成するステップと、
b.所望の形状を形成するために、前記層を電磁放射により硬化させるステップと、
c.三次元物体を得るために、前記形成ステップ及び前記硬化ステップを複数回繰り返すステップと、
を含む、方法。
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