JP2019528456A - 循環腫瘍細胞を同定及び単離するためのリン酸化エーテル類似体 - Google Patents
循環腫瘍細胞を同定及び単離するためのリン酸化エーテル類似体 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本願は、2016年6月14日に出願されたU.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/349,713に基づく優先権を主張し、当該米国出願の全内容が、本願において参照により援用される。
(i)対象に由来する血液又は血清試料を、発光分子及び磁性ビーズからなる群から選択される物質と結合させたリン脂質エーテル(PLE)類似体を含有する組成物と接触させる工程;
(ii)当該血液又は血清試料を蛍光顕微鏡又はフローサイトメトリーに供する工程;
を含み、当該物質が磁性ビーズである場合、当該物質はリンカーを介してPLEと結合する。
(i)対象に由来する血液又は血清試料を、発光分子及び磁性ビーズからなる群から選択される物質と結合させたリン脂質エーテル(PLE)類似体を含有する組成物と接触させる工程;
(ii)当該血液又は血清試料をフローサイトメトリー又は磁場に供する工程;
を含み、当該物質が磁性ビーズである場合、当該物質はリンカーを介してPLEと結合し、当該血液又は血清試料は磁場に供され、そして当該物質が発光分子である場合、当該血液又は血清試料はフローサイトメトリーに供される。
nは16〜30の整数であり;
Yは-H, -OH, -OR1, -C(O)OH,及び-OC(O)R1からなる群から選択され、ここでR1はアルキルであり;かつ
Xは発光分子又は磁性ビーズである。
PLE類似体は、全ての種類のCTCを同定し、単離し、そして下流解析を可能とする特性を有する。癌細胞は、健康な細胞よりも5〜10倍多くの脂質ラフトを有する。脂質ラフトは、高濃度のコレステロール及びスフィンゴ脂質を含有し、細胞表面及び細胞内のシグナル分子(例えば増殖因子及びサイトカイン受容体、ホスファチジルイノシトール3-キナーゼ(PI3K)/Akt生存経路)を組織化する膜リン脂質二重層の特定の領域である。脂質ラフトがPLEの侵入の門となることを示唆するデータが有る。癌細胞と非癌細胞におけるこれらの化合物の顕著な選択性は、コレステロールに対するPLEの高い親和性及び癌細胞におけるコレステロールに富む脂質ラフトの存在に起因する。脂質ラフトによる重要な役割は、脂質ラフト構造の破壊がPLEの癌細胞への取込みを抑制するという事実によって裏付けられる。脂質ラフトの形成がブロックされるとPLEの取込みが60%減少することが示されている。
(i)対象に由来する血液又は血清試料を、発光分子及び磁性ビーズからなる群から選択される物質と結合させたリン脂質エーテル(PLE)類似体を含有する組成物と接触させる工程;
(ii)当該血液又は血清試料を蛍光顕微鏡又はフローサイトメトリーに供する工程;
を含み、当該物質が磁性ビーズである場合、当該物質はリンカーを介してPLEと結合する。
(i)対象に由来する血液又は血清試料を、発光分子及び磁性ビーズからなる群から選択される物質と結合させたPLE類似体を含有する組成物と接触させる工程;
(ii)当該血液又は血清試料をフローサイトメトリー、好ましくは蛍光活性化細胞ソーティング又は磁場に供する工程;
を含み、当該物質が磁性ビーズである場合、当該物質はリンカーを介してPLEと結合し、当該血液又は血清試料は磁場に供され、そして当該物質が発光分子である場合、当該血液又は血清試料はフローサイトメトリーに供される。
nは16〜30の整数、好ましくは18であり;
Yは-H, -OH, -OR1, -C(O)OH,及び-OC(O)R1からなる群から選択され、ここでR1はアルキルであり;かつ
Xは発光分子又は磁性ビーズである。
一般に、「循環腫瘍細胞」は、単一の細胞を示すことを意図するが、「複数の循環腫瘍細胞」又は「循環腫瘍細胞の群」は、2つ以上の癌細胞を示すことを意図する。しかしながら、当業者は、「複数の循環腫瘍細胞」が1つ以上の循環腫瘍細胞を含む循環腫瘍細胞の集団を含むことを意図し、一方「循環腫瘍細胞」が、2つ以上循環腫瘍細胞を含み得ることを理解し得る。
(i)対象に由来する血液又は血清試料を、式(V)
(ii)当該血液又は血清試料を蛍光顕微鏡又はフローサイトメトリーに供する工程;
を含む。
(i)対象に由来する血液又は血清試料を、式(V)
(ii)当該血液又は血清試料を蛍光活性化細胞ソーティングに供する工程;
を含む。
まず、本明細書中に記載されるような式I〜IVのPLE及び磁性ビーズの両方をそれぞれそれ自体の官能基と結合させる。官能基は、クリック化学によって結合される。一例として、本発明の式IのPLEはアジド官能基と結合され得、磁性ビーズはアルキン官能基と結合され得る。そしてアザイド及びアルキン官能基はCopper-Catalzyed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition(CuAAC)等のクリック化学によって結合され得る。一般に、官能基が結合した磁性ビーズは、「官能化磁性ビーズ」として知られ、Nanocs, Inc.等の複数の供給源から入手出来る。
方法
治療の前(ドロー1)及び可能な場合後(ドロー2)に、7名の肺癌(患者101及び103)、胸腺癌(患者102)、乳癌(患者106)、子宮頸癌(患者104)、扁平上皮細胞癌(患者107)及び直腸結腸癌(患者108)の患者の全血を、Cell Save(登録商標)回収チューブ又はエチレンジアミン四酢酸(EDTA)回収チューブ中に回収した。Ficoll-Paque密度勾配を用いて全血から単核細胞を単離した。各患者からの細胞をFcブロッカーと共にインキュベーションした。そして細胞を、蛍光標識したCD45, CD14, CD34, EpCAM,及び汎サイトケラチン(CK)に対する抗体、並びに蛍光PLE類似体(CLR1501)で30分間染色した。そして細胞をフローサイトメトリーで解析して、特定のマーカーが陽性及び/又は陰性であった各全血試料中の細胞の数を同定した。現在の定義において、CTCはCD45-, CD14-, CD34-, CK+,及びEpCAM+であった生きた細胞として同定された(定義による)。CD14+単核球/マクロファージを用いた過去の経験(図1)から、CLR1501の高度に取り込むCD14+細胞は解析から除かれた。CD34+正常上皮細胞も、解析から除かれた。これに対し、同じ患者の残りのCD45+及びCD34+細胞は、CLR1501を顕著に取り込まない。この解析の結果は下記に説明され、表1及び2に纏められる。
4行目は、各患者の血液中の、CD45-, CD14-, CD34-,及びEpCAM+であり核を有する細胞の数を示す。
5行目は、各患者の血液中の、CLR 1501+, CD45-, CD14-, CD34-,及びEpCAM+であり核を有する細胞の数を示す。
6行目は、各患者の血液中の、CLR 1501+, CD45-, CD14-, CD34-, CK-,及びEpCAM-であり核を有する細胞の数を示す。
表1.Cell Save(登録商標)回収チューブ中に回収した様々な癌種を有する患者の血液試料中の循環腫瘍細胞の同定及び計数
7名の患者全てが、CLR1501の取込みが陽性である検出可能なCTC(定義による)を含有していた(表1及び2の1行目と3、5及び6行目を比較する)。患者8の血液試料のCD14+細胞におけるCLR1501の高度の取込みを示す代表的なフローサイトメトリー画像を図1に示す。図1において、左上区画はCD14-/CLR1501+細胞、右上区画はCD14+/CLR1501+、右下区画はCD14+/CLR1501-、左下区画はCD14-/CLR1501-を示す。パネルAにおいて、患者108の血液から単離されたCD45及びCD34が陰性である(即ち循環腫瘍細胞の可能性がある)細胞は、Brilliant Violet 785(商標)CD14を除き全てのマーカーで染色されたことを示す。CD14標識が陽性の細胞はX軸上に、CLR1501が陽性の細胞はY軸上に示される。パネルAは、Brilliant Violet 785(商標)CD14陽性細胞におけるゲートを設定する対照として使用された。パネルBにおいて、患者108の血液から単離されたCD45及びCD34陰性細胞は、Brilliant Violet 785(商標)CD14を含む全てのマーカーで染色されたことを示す。示されるように、CD14+が陽性の細胞の99.7%が、CLR1501も陽性である。図1のパネルBとパネルAを比較されたい。
Claims (21)
- 1つ以上の循環腫瘍細胞を同定する方法であって:
(i)対象に由来する血液又は血清試料を、発光分子及び磁性ビーズからなる群から選択される物質と結合させたリン脂質エーテル(PLE)類似体を含有する組成物と接触させる工程;
(ii)当該血液又は血清試料を蛍光顕微鏡又はフローサイトメトリーに供する工程;
を含み、当該物質が磁性ビーズである場合、当該物質はリンカーを介してPLEと結合する、方法。 - 前記Xが発光分子である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記発光分子がフルオロフォアである、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 前記Xが磁性ビーズである、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記磁性ビーズが、ナノ磁性ビーズ、マイクロ磁性ビーズ、常磁性ビーズ、及び超常磁性ビーズからなる群から選択される、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記リンカーが、ビオチン-ストレプトアビジンリンカー、アゼチジノンリンカー、及びアミン-、アジド、アルキン-、カルボキシル-及びヒドロキシル基リンカー並びにそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ以上の循環腫瘍細胞が、乳癌、肺癌、胸腺癌、子宮頸癌、扁平上皮癌、前立腺癌、膵臓癌及び直腸結腸癌細胞、多発性骨髄腫細胞、及び癌幹細胞からなる群から選択される、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 1つ以上の循環腫瘍細胞(CTC)を単離する方法であって:
(i)対象に由来する血液又は血清試料を、発光分子及び磁性ビーズからなる群から選択される物質と結合させたリン脂質エーテル(PLE)類似体を含有する組成物と接触させる工程;
(ii)当該血液又は血清試料をフローサイトメトリー又は磁場に供する工程;
を含み、当該物質が磁性ビーズである場合、当該物質はリンカーを介してPLEと結合し、当該血液又は血清試料は磁場に供され、そして当該物質が発光分子である場合、当該血液又は血清試料はフローサイトメトリーに供される、方法。 - 前記Xが発光分子である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記発光分子がフルオロフォアである、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記Xが磁性ビーズである、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記磁性ビーズが、ナノ磁性ビーズ、マイクロ磁性ビーズ、常磁性ビーズ、及び超常磁性ビーズからなる群から選択される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記リンカーが、ビオチン-ストレプトアビジンリンカー、アゼチジノンリンカー、及びアミン-、アジド、アルキン-、カルボキシル-及びヒドロキシル基リンカー並びにそれらの組合せからなる群から選択される、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ以上のCTCが、乳癌、肺癌、胸腺癌、子宮頸癌、扁平上皮癌、前立腺癌、膵臓癌及び直腸結腸癌細胞、多発性骨髄腫細胞、及び癌幹細胞からなる群から選択される、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記1つ以上の単離されたCTCが、タンパク質単離、RNA単離、DNA単離、遺伝子転移解析、遺伝子増幅解析及び蛍光in-situハイブリダイゼーションからなる群から選択される方法において利用される、請求項11に記載の方法。
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