JP2019520408A - 細胞透過性ペプチド(cpp)を介したev充填 - Google Patents
細胞透過性ペプチド(cpp)を介したev充填 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019520408A JP2019520408A JP2019500658A JP2019500658A JP2019520408A JP 2019520408 A JP2019520408 A JP 2019520408A JP 2019500658 A JP2019500658 A JP 2019500658A JP 2019500658 A JP2019500658 A JP 2019500658A JP 2019520408 A JP2019520408 A JP 2019520408A
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Abstract
Description
、PV−S4(13)、pVEC、pVEC変異体、PV逆転−S4(13)、q−NTD、R10、R11、R11−PKI、R12、R15、R16、R2、R4、R5、R5H3、R6、R6−Pen(W−L)、R6H3、R6L3、R6W3、R7、R7−KLA、R7−SRC1(1222−1245)、R7−SRC1LXXLL、R7H3、R7W、R8、R8−GALA−リポソーム、R8−GALA−リポソーム−IgG、R8−lip、R8−lipo、R8−リポソーム、R8−p27kip1C、R8−PAD、R8−RGD、R8H3、R9、R9−PCP、R9−TAT、R9H3、RA、RALA、RALAペプチド、Rath−FITC、Res1、Res2、Res3、Res4、Res5、Res6、Res7、Retro−pVEC、Retro−Tat(57−49)、Rev(34−50)、RevARM、RF、RFFF9、RFFW9、RFWF9、RFWW9、RGD、RGI、RGO、Rho−ビオチニル−TP10、RIPL、RIPLペプチド、RL−9、rLF、RLW、RR−S4(13)、RSG1.2、切断されたRSG1.2、RSV−A1、RSV−A10、RSV−A11、RSV−A12、RSV−A13、RSV−A2、RSV−A3、RSV−A4、RSV−A5、RSV−A6、RSV−A7、RSV−A8、RSV−A9、RSV−B1、RSV−B2、RSV−B3、RTAT−ELPBC、rV1aR(102−113a)、RV24、RVG−9LR、RW−9、RW16、RW9、RWFF9、RWFW9、RWMIX、RWR、RWWF9、S−TAT、S4(13)、S4(13)−PV、S41、S6KR、S6R、S9R、S9RH、Sc18、SFTI−1、SFTI−M1、SFTI−M2、SFTI−M3、SFTI−M4、SFTI−M5、SG3、sgRNA−CPP、SKP、SN50、SR9、SRAMC105Y、ST1−104、ST2−104、ST9−104、ステアリル−NAP、ステアリル−NS、STR−H12R8、STR−H16R8、STR−H20R8、STR−H8R15、STR−H8R8、STR−R8、SV40、スイートアロータンパク質(SweetArrowProtein)(SAP)(E)、SynB1、Synb1−ELP、SynB1−ELP−H1、Synb1−ELP−PKI、Synb1−ELP−TRTK、SynB3、SynB5、T7−LP、T7/TAT−LP−PTX、TAM−MP、TAM−rMP、TAMARA−ペプチド1、TAMARA−ペプチド2、TAMRA−IP−1、TAT、TAT−BID、Tat−C−Cy5、Tat−CG、Tat−Cys、TAT−システインペプチド、TAT−ELPBC、TAT−HA2、TAT−LP−PTX、TAT−NBD、Tat−PCP、Tat−PKI、Tat.48−60、Tat(37−53)、Tat(37−60)、Tat(43−60)、TAT(47−57)、Tat(48−57)、Tat(48−59)、Tat(48−60)、Tat(49−55)、Tat(49−56)、Tat(49−57)、Tat(50−57)、Tat(51−57)、Tat(TG)、Tat2−Nat、TatARM、TatLK15、TatP59W、TatsMTS(TMG)、TP、TP−10、TP−biot1、TP10、TP10−biot1、TP10−SRC1(1222−1245)、TP10−SRC1LXXLL、TP11、TP12、TP13、TP14、TP15、TP16、TP2、TP4、TP5、TP6、TP7、TP8、TP9、Tpl、Tyr−Oct−6、Cyc−(L、D)−R6、Cyc−(L、D)−R7、Cyc−(L、D)−R8、Cyc−R3−R4、Cyc−R4、Cyc−R4−R3、Cyc−R5−R2、Cyc−R6、Cyc−R6−R1、Cyc−R7、Cyc−R8、Cyc−R9、D−ペネトラチン、D−R5、D−R6、D−R7、D−R8、d−R8−C6−NP、d−R8−INS−NP、D−R9、D−SFTI−1、D−SynB1、D−SynB3、D−Tat(49−57)、D−Tat(57−49)、dF4R8−p53C’、C105YのD形態、F3のD形態、KLAのD形態、pAntpHDのD形態(43−58)、pVECのD形態、スウェットアロータンパク質(SweatArrowProtein)(SAP)のD形態、ミトパラン(Mitoparan)(MitP)、MMD68、Pepfect1、Pepfect14、Pepfect2、Pepfect3、Pepfect4、Pepfect5、Pepfect6、ペプチド599、ペプチドI、ペプチドII、ペプチドIII、ペプチドIV、ペプチドV、PF14、PF15、PF23、PF24、PF25、PF26、PF27、PF6、Pip6a、PN285、ポリグアニジンコンパレーター2、プローブ1、プローブ2、プローブ3、pVEC変異体、r12、r2(rR)3、R6、R7、R8、R8−RGD−lipo、R9、R9−GO−203、r9k、rR7、RVG−9DR、SFTI−M6、SFTI−M7、ステアリル−TP10、TAM−iMitP、TAM−iMP、TAM−MitP、TAM−riMitP、TAM−riMP、TAM−rMitP、Tat−DYQQD、Tat−ENAEYLR、Tat−NYQQN、Tat−OH、Tat−QNAQYLR、Tat(49−57)、Tat(57−49)、TP−biot13、TP10、TP102GD、TP102GL、TP104LD、TP104LL、TV−Xlla、ならびにXentryペプチド、またはそれらの任意の修飾されたおよび/もしくは合成のペプチドもしくはペプチド誘導体が挙げられるが、これらに限定されない。特定の効用のCPPの化学修飾は、脂肪族および脂肪酸修飾、例えば、例えばステアリン酸の形態にある脂質尾部の共有結合、または任意の他の種類の脂質修飾、例えば、コレステロール部分の付加である。EV充填の観点からの複合体形成、内在化、および全体的な効能のための特定の関連性の脂質修飾には、ステアリン酸、ラウリン酸、ミリスチン酸、パルミチン酸、アラキジン酸、およびベヘン酸、またはそれらの任意の誘導体、特にそれらの不飽和脂肪酸誘導体から選択される10〜30個の炭素を含む脂肪酸が含まれる。CPPの化学修飾は、ペプチドのN末端、ペプチドのC末端、またはペプチドに沿った直交するあらゆる場所に共有結合によって連結する1つ以上の部分を更に含む。これらの1つ以上の部分は、多様な化学基、例えば、アセチル基、ステアリル基、コレステリル、クロロキンまたはその修飾形などのキノリン、ポリエチレングリコール、核内移行シグナル、核外移行シグナル、抗体またはその抗体断片、ペプチド、多糖、標的化分子、システアミド基、システイン、チオール、アミド、ニトリロ三酢酸、カルボキシル基、直鎖または分岐鎖アルキル基、1級または2級アミン、オシディック(osidic)誘導体、脂質、リン脂質、脂肪酸、コレステロール、ポリエチレングリコールなどから選択され得る。
末梢血単核細胞(PBMC)を野生型マウスの全血から抽出し、10cm皿の中で適当な密度で培養した。細胞培地を24時間後に取り除き、細胞をPBSで3回洗浄した。新たな新鮮なEV欠乏培地または無血清培地を細胞に添加し、48時間培インキュベートした。細胞を中で増殖させた細胞培地を含有する血清中の異質なEVおよび微粒子を、細胞と共にインキュベーションする前に、一晩の110000gでの超遠心分離により正常に枯渇させる。あるいは、OptiMEMまたはDMEMなどの無血清培地をその代わりに適用する。
実施例1のペネトラチン−ドキソルビシンEVを、雌のDBA/2マウス(体重16〜20g)を使用してインビボ腫瘍モデル中で試験した。0日目、マウスの5グループに、0.5mlのRPMI1640中のL1210腫瘍細胞(2.5×106)を腹腔内注射によって接種した。処置を腫瘍細胞の注射の1日後に開始し、外側尾静脈を介して単回静脈内投薬として投与した。動物を、ペネトラチン−ドキソルビシン抱合体、ペネトラチン−ドキソルビシン抱合体を含むEV、空EV、および5mg/kgのドキソルビシン用量の遊離ドキソルビシンで処理した。生存期間を腫瘍注射後の日数で記録した。生存期間の平均値および中央値、ならびに結果の統計的有意性を、両側のウィルコクソンの順位検定を用いて決定した。繰り返した実験について得られた全てのデータをプールし、統計分析に利用した。結果を図2に示す。ペネトラチン−ドキソルビシン抱合体を充填したEVが、遊離ペネトラチン−ドキソルビシン抱合体に類似した効能を呈したことが示される。しかしながら、ドキソルビシンの心毒性はEV媒介性送達時に大幅に低下した(データ図示せず)。
EVを、実施例1に記したとおりであるが、細胞ソースとして樹状細胞(DC)から得た。パクリタキセルおよび両親媒性CPP CADY−1(GLWWKAWWKAWWKSLWWRKRKRKA)を、様々なモル比で混合し、22℃で1時間インキュベートした。様々な量のCADY−1を使用したが(100μg、500μg、2.5mg、5mg、および10mg)、パクリタキセルの量は100μgのままにした。パクリタキセル対CADY−1の最終重量比は、それぞれ、1:1、1:5、1:25、1:50、および1:100であった。実施例2に記したモデルと同じマウスモデルを利用したが、代わりにパクリタキセル−CADY1複合体と共にインキュベートしたEVを、遊離パクリタキセル−CADY1複合体を限外濾過によって除去した後で使用した。パクリタキセル−CADY1複合体を含むEV、パクリタキセル−CADY1複合体のみ、空EV、および10mg/kgのパクリタキセル用量の遊離パクリタキセルを、上記のように腫瘍モデルにおいてインビボで試験した。ペネトラチン−ドキソルビシンEVで見られた結果と同様に、パクリタキセル−CADY1複合体を含むEVは、強力な抗腫瘍作用を呈した(図3)。
EVを、骨髄およびワルトン膠様質起源の間葉系間質細胞から得られた細胞培地から、実施例1に記したように精製した。様々な量のステアリル−TP10を使用したが(100μg、500μg、2.5mg、5mg、および10mg)、アザチオプリの量は100μgのままにした。アザチオプリン対ステアリル−TP10の最終重量比は、それぞれ、1:1、1:5、1:25、1:50、および1:100であり、22℃で、10分、30分、2時間、および6時間インキュベートした。様々な量のCPPを使用したが、アザチオプリンの濃度は一定のままにした。CPP対薬剤の最適なモル比で得られた複合体を、続いてMSC−EVの精製した集団と混合し、37℃で、10分、30分、2時間、および6時間インキュベートさせた。EVの最大荷重を30分以内に得て、遊離アザチオプリンを限外濾過によって除去した。次に、アザチオプリンを充填したMSC−EVを、TNBS誘発性大腸炎を有するマウスにこのように続いて投与した。
不死化脂肪細胞を15cm皿にプレートした。次に、細胞をヒドロキシプロピルβ−シクロデキストリンPTAP−TAT複合体でトランスフェクトした。様々な量のPTAP−TATを使用したが(100μg、500μg、2.5mg、5mg、および10mg)、ヒドロキシプロピルβ−シクロデキストリンの量は100μgで一定のままにした。ヒドロキシプロピルβ−シクロデキストリン対PTAP−TATの最終重量比は、それぞれ、1:1、1:5、1:25、1:50、および1:100であり、22℃で60分間インキュベートした。細胞培地を4時間後に取り除き、細胞をPBSで3回洗浄した。新たな新鮮なEV欠乏培地または無血清培地を細胞に添加し、48時間培インキュベートした。次に、EVを、実施例1で言及したように馴化培地から精製した。ヒドロキシプロピルβ−シクロデキストリンPTAP−TAT複合体でカプセル化したEV、ヒドロキシプロピルβ−シクロデキストリンPTAP−TAT複合体、および遊離ヒドロキシプロピルβ−シクロデキストリンのコレステロール低下作用を、ニーマン・ピックC型疾患患者由来の皮膚線維芽細胞上で、EV処置の24時間後に細胞をフィリピンIII色素で45分間室温にて染色することによるフィリピン染色を使用して、評価した。結果を図5に示す。ヒドロキシプロピルβ−シクロデキストリンPTAP−TAT複合体を充填したEVが、遊離薬物と比較して強力なコレステロール低下作用を提示したことが示される。
EVを、実施例1に記したようにMSC EVから得た。ホスホロジアミデートモルホリノオリゴマー(PMO)修飾を有するスプライススイッチングオリゴヌクレオチド(SSO)705を、Betts C.et.al Mol.Ther.Nucleic Acids.2012に記載されているようにCPP Pip6aと抱合させた。EVを、実施例1に記したようにCPP抱合体と共にインキュベートし、遊離抱合体を限外濾過によって除去した。705−Pip6a抱合体を含むEV、705−Pip6a抱合体のみ、空EV、および遊離705SSOを、Huh7 705レポーター細胞株においてインビトロで試験し、24時間後、PBS中0.1%のトリトンX−100を使用して細胞を溶解させた後、Promega蛍ルシフェラーゼキットを使用して、発光値を決定した。結果を図6に示す。SSO−CPP複合体を充填したEVにより、SSO−CPP複合体のみよりも強力なスプライススイッチ作用が示された。
EVを、実施例1に記載したとおりであるが、代わりに包皮由来線維芽細胞から得た。ハンチントン遺伝子を標的とするsiRNAを、様々なモル比でCPP Pepfect6と複合体化させ、22℃で1時間インキュベートした。様々な量のPepfect6を使用したが(100μg、500μg、2.5mg、5mg、および10mg)、siRNAの量は100μgのままにした。siRNA対Pepfect6の最終モル比は、それぞれ、1:1、1:5、1:25、1:50、および1:100であった。EVを、実施例1に記したようにCPP複合体と共にインキュベートし、遊離複合体を限外濾過によって除去した。siRNA CPP複合体を含むEV、siRNA−Pepfect6複合体のみ、空のEV、および遊離siRNAを、Huh7細胞株におけるハンチントン遺伝子スプライシングについてインビトロで試験し、24時間後、細胞を採取し、Trizol精製法を使用してRNAを単離した。次に、cDNAを、高性能cDNA逆転写キットを使用してRNAから逆転写した後、ハンチントンmRNAレベルを決定するために、cDNAを使用して定量的PCRを実行した。実施例6で観察された結果と一貫して、siRNA−CPP複合体を充填したEVは、siRNA−CPP複合体のみよりも強力な遺伝子スプライシングを示した。
Claims (17)
- 細胞外小胞(EV)に少なくとも1つの薬剤を充填するための方法であって、EVの集団を少なくとも1つの薬剤および少なくとも1つの細胞透過性ペプチド(CPP)に露出させることを含む、方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つの薬剤および前記少なくとも1つのCPPが、共有結合抱合体、非共有結合複合体、および/またはそれらの組み合わせの形態で存在する、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記共有結合抱合体中に含まれる前記CPPおよび前記薬剤が、エステル結合、アミン結合、ジスルフィド結合、チオエーテル結合、ビオチン−ストレプトアビジン連結、または任意の共有結合性化学的相互作用を含む群から選択される化学結合によって共に結合する、請求項2に記載の方法。
- エレクトロポレーションステップおよび/または脂質ベースのトランスフェクション試薬の使用を更に含む、請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- EVに少なくとも1つの薬剤を充填するための方法であって、
i.EVソース細胞の集団を少なくとも1つの薬剤および少なくとも1つのCPPに露出させるステップと、
ii.前記EVソース細胞によって産生されるEVを採取するステップであって、前記EVが前記薬剤を含む、ステップと、を含む、方法。 - ステップ(i)を前記EVソース細胞のエレクトロポレーションと組み合わせることを更に含む、請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記CPPと薬剤との間の非共有結合複合体が、正または負のゼータ電位を有するナノ粒子の形態で存在する、請求項1〜6のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか一項に記載の方法によって得られるEV。
- 少なくとも1つのCPPに抱合されるかまたはそれと複合体化する少なくとも1つの薬剤を含む、EV。
- 少なくとも1つの薬剤を含むEVであって、前記少なくとも1つの薬剤が、前記EVの内部で少なくとも1つのCPP抱合体および/または少なくとも1つのCPP複合体から放出される、EV。
- 前記薬剤が、抗癌剤、細胞増殖抑制剤、DNAまたはRNAインターカレーター、スプライシング調節剤、チロシンキナーゼ阻害剤、スタチン、NSAID、抗生物質、抗真菌剤、抗菌剤、抗炎症剤、抗線維化剤、降圧剤、アロマターゼ阻害剤、エステラーゼ阻害剤、抗コリン剤、SSRI、BKT阻害剤、PPAR作動薬、HER阻害剤、AKT阻害剤、BCR−ABL阻害剤、シグナル伝達阻害剤、血管新生阻害剤、シンターゼ阻害剤、ALK阻害剤、BRAF阻害剤、MEK阻害剤、PI3K阻害剤、ネプリライシン阻害剤、ベータ2作動薬、CRTH2拮抗薬、FXR作動薬、BACE阻害剤、スフィンゴシン−1−リン酸受容体モジュレーター、MAPK阻害剤、ヘッジホッグシグナル伝達阻害剤、MDM2拮抗薬、LSD1阻害剤、ラクタマーゼ阻害剤、TLR作動薬、TLR拮抗薬、IDO阻害剤、ERK阻害剤、Chk1阻害剤、核酸系薬剤、例えば、オリゴヌクレオチド、siRNA、shRNA、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド、スプライススイッチングオリゴヌクレオチド、mRNA、ペプチド、天然産物、ポリペプチド、およびそれらの任意の組み合わせである、請求項8〜10のいずれか一項に記載のEV。
- 前記CPPが、トランスポータン、トランスポータン10、ペネトラチン、CADYペプチド、例えば、CADY−1、MTS、VP22、MAP、KALA、PpTG20、プロリンに富むペプチド、MPGペプチド、PepFectペプチド、例えば、PF14、PF15、PF23、PF24、PF25、PF26、PF27、PF6、Pepペプチド、Pipペプチド、L−オリゴマー、カルシトニン−ペプチド、アルギニンに富むCPP、例えば、ポリ−Arg、Tat、マストパラン、プロリンに富むペプチド、MPGペプチド、およびそれらの任意の組み合わせを含む群から選択される、請求項8〜11のいずれか一項に記載のEV。
- 標的化部分を更に含む、請求項8〜12のいずれか一項に記載のEV。
- 前記標的化部分が、EVポリペプチドを有する融合タンパク質または前記EVの表面に結合した抗体として発現されるアミノ酸の配列を含む、請求項13に記載のEV。
- 標的細胞を請求項8〜14のいずれか一項に記載のEVに露出させることを含む、薬剤を送達する方法。
- 請求項8〜14のいずれか一項に記載のEVの集団と、薬学的に許容される賦形剤と、を含む、薬学的組成物。
- 医学に使用するための請求項8〜14に記載のEVおよび/または請求項16に記載の薬学的組成物。
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