JP2019514666A - 改善された遷移金属含有炭素分子篩膜及びそれらを作製する方法 - Google Patents
改善された遷移金属含有炭素分子篩膜及びそれらを作製する方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019514666A JP2019514666A JP2018552754A JP2018552754A JP2019514666A JP 2019514666 A JP2019514666 A JP 2019514666A JP 2018552754 A JP2018552754 A JP 2018552754A JP 2018552754 A JP2018552754 A JP 2018552754A JP 2019514666 A JP2019514666 A JP 2019514666A
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- transition metal
- molecular sieve
- carbon molecular
- sieve membrane
- gas
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
Description
(i)第1の態様の炭素分子篩膜を提供することと、
(ii)ガス供給物を炭素分子篩膜の中及び上に流動させて、上昇した濃度のガス分子を有する第1の透過流及び減少した濃度のガス分子を有する第2の残余流を生成することと、を含む、プロセスである。
(i)硫黄を含まない前駆体ポリマーを提供することと、
(ii)遷移金属を前駆体ポリマーに組み込み、遷移金属包含前駆体ポリマーを形成することと、
(iii)遷移金属包含前駆体ポリマーを、遷移金属を含有する炭素分子篩膜を形成するのに十分な最終熱分解温度及び非酸化雰囲気で加熱することと、
(iv)炭素分子篩膜を室温まで冷却することと、を含む、方法である。
CMS膜は、6FDA−DAM:DABA(3:2)ポリマーを使用して作製した。6FDA−DAM:DABAは、Akron Polymer Systems、Inc.,(Akron ,OH.)から入手した。ポリマーを110℃で一晩真空乾燥して水分を除去した。乾燥したポリマーを、40mlバイアル瓶(バイアル瓶A)でテトラヒドロフラン(THF)に溶解して、2〜3重量%のポリマー溶液を形成した。20mlバイアル瓶(バイアル瓶B)で鉄(II)アセチルアセトネート(Sigma−Aldrich、St.Louis、MO)をTHFに溶解してFe含有溶液を形成した。2つの溶液をそれぞれ0.20ミクロンのPTFEフィルターで濾過し、バイアル瓶BのFe含有溶液をバイアル瓶Aに添加して、キャスティング用のFe含有ポリマードープを形成した。溶液の組成を表1に示す。
比較例CMS膜1及び2を調製し、キャスティング溶液が鉄(II)アセチルアセトネートを含有しないことを除いて、実施例1〜5と同じ方式で試験した。これらのCMS膜を形成するための特定の加熱条件を表2に示す。これらのCMS膜の多成分供給物に対する分離特徴を表3に示す。比較例2はまた、純粋なガス透過について試験し、その分離特徴を表4に示す。
Claims (26)
- 多くとも痕跡量の硫黄及び遷移金属を含む炭素を含み、前記遷移金属が、第4族〜第10族及び第12族遷移金属のうちの1つ以上である、炭素分子篩膜。
- 前記遷移金属が、IUPAC新表記法第4族〜第10族遷移金属のうちの1つ以上である、請求項1に記載の炭素分子篩膜。
- 前記遷移金属が、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Zn、Ru、Rh、Pd、W、Re、Os、Pt、Au、またはそれらの組み合わせである、請求項1または2のいずれか1項に記載の炭素分子篩膜。
- 前記遷移金属が、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、またはそれらの組み合わせである、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の炭素分子篩膜。
- 前記遷移金属が、Fe、Co、Ni、またはそれらの組み合わせである、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の炭素分子篩膜。
- 前記遷移金属のうちの少なくとも一部分が、XANESによって測定される際、0よりも大きく、かつ前記遷移金属の最大原子価状態未満の原子価状態にある、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の炭素分子篩膜。
- 前記遷移金属がFeであり、平均原子価状態が0〜3である、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の炭素分子篩膜。
- 前記遷移金属が、前記炭素分子篩膜の0.5重量%〜10重量%の量で存在する、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の炭素分子篩膜。
- 前記炭素分子篩膜が、中空繊維または薄膜である、請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の炭素分子篩膜。
- ガス分子を、前記ガス分子及び少なくとも1つの他のガス分子から成る供給ガスから分離するためのプロセスであって、
(i)請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の前記炭素分子篩膜を提供することと、
(ii)前記ガス供給物を前記炭素分子篩膜の中及び上に流動させて、上昇した濃度の前記ガス分子を有する第1の透過流、及び減少した濃度の前記ガス分子を有する第2の残余流を生成することと、を含む、プロセス。 - 前記ガス分子及び他のガス分子が、エチレン及びエタン;プロピレン及びプロパン;ブチレン及びブタン;酸素及び窒素;または二酸化炭素及びメタンである、請求項10に記載のプロセス。
- 前記ガス分子及び他のガス分子が、エチレン及びエタン、またはプロピレン及びプロパンである、請求項11に記載のプロセス。
- エチレンが、少なくとも6のエチレン/エタンの選択性、及び35℃で少なくとも10GPUのエチレン透過度を有する、請求項11に記載のプロセス。
- プロピレンが、少なくとも35のプロピレン/プロパンの選択性、及び35℃で少なくとも10GPUのプロピレン透過度を有する、請求項11に記載のプロセス。
- 炭素分子篩膜を作製する方法であって、
(i)いかなる硫黄も含まない前駆体ポリマーを提供することと、
(ii)遷移金属を前記前駆体ポリマーに組み込み、遷移金属包含前駆体ポリマーを形成することと、
(iii)前記遷移金属包含前駆体ポリマーを、前記遷移金属を含有する前記炭素分子篩膜を形成するのに十分な最終熱分解温度及び非酸化雰囲気で加熱することと、
(iv)前記炭素分子篩膜を室温まで冷却することと、を含む、方法。 - 前記最終熱分解温度が、400℃〜1000℃である、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 前記加熱が、0.1℃〜200℃/分の加熱速度で実施される、請求項15または16のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記遷移金属の前記組み込みが、前記前駆体ポリマー中に存在する1つ以上の部分への前記遷移金属のイオン結合によるものである、請求項15〜17のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記加熱速度が、1℃〜20℃/分である、請求項17に記載の方法。
- 前記最終熱分解温度が、500℃〜700℃である、請求項15〜19のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記前駆体ポリマーが、ポリイミドである、請求項15〜20のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記前駆体ポリマーが、3,5−ジアミノ安息香酸(DABA)から成るポリイミドコポリマーである、請求項21に記載の方法。
- 前記遷移金属の前記組み込みが、前記前駆体ポリマー中に存在する1つ以上の部分への前記遷移金属のイオン結合によるものである、請求項15〜22のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記遷移金属の前記組み込みが、前記ポリイミドの合成中に前記遷移金属を添加することによるか、または溶媒に溶解された前記遷移金属を注入することによる、請求項15〜22のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記遷移金属の前記組み込みが、ヘキサフルオロイソプロピリデンジフタル酸無水物(6FDA)、2,4,6−トリメチル−1,3−フェニレンジアミン(DAM)、及びジアミノ安息香酸(DABA)のコポリマーのジアミノ安息香酸(DABA)部分と前記遷移金属とのイオン結合によるものである、請求項22に記載の方法。
- 炭素分子篩モジュールであって、密閉可能なエンクロージャであって、前記密閉可能なエンクロージャ内に収容された、請求項1〜9のいずれか1項に記載の少なくとも1つの炭素分子篩膜を含む、複数の炭素分子篩膜と、少なくとも2つの異なるガス分子から成るガス供給を導入するための注入口と、透過ガス流の流出を可能にするための第1の放出口と、残余ガス流の流出のための第2の放出口とから成る、前記密閉可能なエンクロージャを備える、炭素分子篩モジュール。
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