JP2019505071A - 改良されたセパレータ、電池、システム、車両、および関連方法 - Google Patents
改良されたセパレータ、電池、システム、車両、および関連方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2019505071A JP2019505071A JP2018539108A JP2018539108A JP2019505071A JP 2019505071 A JP2019505071 A JP 2019505071A JP 2018539108 A JP2018539108 A JP 2018539108A JP 2018539108 A JP2018539108 A JP 2018539108A JP 2019505071 A JP2019505071 A JP 2019505071A
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- battery
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- separator
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/40—Separators; Membranes; Diaphragms; Spacing elements inside cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
- B29C55/005—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Cell Separators (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本特許出願は、2016年1月29日出願の米国特許出願シリアル番号15/009,888に対する優先権およびその利益を主張し、ここに本明細書中に参照して完全に組みこまれる。
上記の膜およびプロセスは、以下の非限定的な実施例においてさらに説明される。
ポリプロピレン(PP)樹脂が、2.5インチ押出機を使用して押出される。押出機溶融温度は、約221℃である。ポリマーメルトは環状ダイに供給される。ダイ温度は、約220℃に設定され、ポリマーメルトは空気を吹き込んで冷却される。押出された前駆体は、約1〜1.5ミル(mil)の範囲の厚さを有し、いくつかの場合には、1.2〜1.4ミル、およびいくつかの場合は、約27μmである。次いで、押出されたフィルムを約150℃で約2分間アニールした。次いで、アニールされたフィルムを室温で約20%まで冷延伸し、次いで約228%に熱延伸し、150〜160℃の範囲の温度で約32%まで緩和する。次いでMD延伸フィルムを横方向 (TD)に約140〜152℃の範囲のTD延伸温度で450%延伸され、50%のMD緩和を伴う。仕上げられたフィルムは、15μmの厚さおよび74%の多孔度を有する。仕上げフィルムのTD引張強度は529Kg/cm2である。
ポリプロピレン(PP)樹脂が、2.5インチ押出機を使用して押出される。押出機溶融温度は、約221℃である。ポリマーメルトは環状ダイに供給される。ダイ温度は、約220℃に設定され、ポリマーメルトは空気を吹き込んで冷却される。押出された前駆体は、約1〜1.5ミルの範囲の厚さを有し、いくつかの場合には、1.2〜1.4ミル、およびいくつかの場合は、約27μmである。次いで、押出されたフィルムを約150℃で約2分間アニールした。次いで、アニールされたフィルムを室温で約20%まで冷延伸し、次いで約228%に熱延伸し、160〜170℃の範囲の温度で約32%まで緩和する。次いでMD延伸フィルムを横方向(TD)に約150〜160℃の範囲のTD延伸温度で450%延伸され、50%のMD緩和を伴う。仕上げられたフィルムは、20μmの厚さおよび69%の多孔度を有する。仕上げフィルムのTD引張強度は650Kg/cm2である。
厚さ
厚さは、ASTM D374の試験手順によるEmveco Microgage 210-A精密マイクロメータ厚さ測定器を使用して測定される。厚さ値は、マイクロメータ、μm単位で報告されている。
試験サンプルは、最初に、最低20分間、73.4℃および50%の相対湿度に予備調整される。インストロンモデル4442が、試験サンプルの穿刺強度を測定するために使用される。1.25”×40”連続試料試験片の斜め方向に横切って30回測定し平均した。針は半径0.5mmである。降下速度は25mm/分である。フィルムは、Oリングを利用して試験サンプルを定位置にきつく保持するクランプ装置でしっかりと保持される。この固定された領域の直径は25mmである。ニードルによって穿孔されたフィルムの変位(mmにて)は、試験されたフィルムによって生じる抵抗力(グラム力)に対して記録される。最大抵抗力は、グラム力(gf)単位の穿刺強度である。荷重対変位プロットが、この試験方法によって生成される。
細孔サイズは、Porous Materials Inc.(PMI)を通して入手可能のAquaporeを使用して測定される。細孔サイズは、μmにて表される。
微多孔フィルムサンプルの多孔度は、ASTM法D−2873を使用して測定され、微多孔膜における百分率空隙空間として定義される。
MDおよびTDに沿った引張強度は、ASTM D−882によるInstron Model 4201を使用して測定される。
収縮率試験は、10cm×10cm膜サンプルをマニラホルダーに配置し、その後、クリップを使用してオーブンに吊るすことによって測定される。収縮率は、キャリパーを使用して試験サンプルを105℃にて1時間オーブンに配置された前後のMDおよびTD方向において測定される。収縮率は、また、キャリパーを使用して試験サンプルを120℃にて1時間オーブンに配置された前後のMDおよびTD方向において測定される。収縮率は、改変されたASTM 2732.96を使用してMD収縮率%およびTD収縮率%として表される。
熱時電気抵抗は、50ポンドの圧力下でのセパレータフィルムの抵抗の尺度であり、温度は60℃/分の速度で直線的に増加される。セパレータの直径3/8”のピースは、電解液で飽和され、AlまたはCuから作られた2つの電極ディスクの間に挟まれる。抵抗の上昇はインピーダンスとして測定され、微多孔セパレータ膜の溶融または「シャットダウン」による細孔構造の崩壊に対応する。微多孔セパレータ膜が高温で高レベルの電気抵抗を持続する場合、これはセパレータ膜が電池の電極短絡を防止することができることを示している。
全てのサイクリングは定電流(CC)モードで行った。使用される陰極は622NMCである。使用される陽極は黒鉛である。電解質は、3:7v:vEC:EMC溶媒中1M LiPF6塩を使用した。電圧ウィンドウは3.0〜4.3Vである。サイクル1〜5は、C/10の充電レートおよび放電レートを有する。サイクル6−10は、C/5の充電レートおよび放電レートを有する。サイクル11−15は、C/5の充電レートとC/2の放電レートを有する。サイクル16−20は、C/5の充電レートと1Cの放電レート(充電/放電レート容量;1Cは60分での完全充電または放電レートである)を有する。サイクル21−25は、C/5の充電レートと5Cの放電レートを有する。サイクル26−30は、C/5の充電レートと10Cの放電レートを有する。サイクル31−35は、C/10の充電レートおよび放電レートを有する。
典型的:
MD/TDアスペクト比0.75〜1.50の範囲
好ましい:
MD/TDアスペクト比0.75〜1.25の範囲
最も好ましい:
MD/TDアスペクト比0.85〜1.25の範囲
例えば、
典型的:
MD/TDアスペクト比が0.75〜1.50の範囲
MD/ND寸法比が0.5〜7.50の範囲
TD/ND寸法比が0.50〜5.00の範囲
好ましい:
MD/TDアスペクト比が0.75〜1.25の範囲
MD/ND寸法比が1.0〜2.50の範囲
TD/ND寸法比が1.0〜2.50の範囲
最も好ましい:
MD/TDアスペクト比が0.85〜1.25の範囲
MD/ND寸法比が1.0〜2.0の範囲
〇TD/ND寸法比が1.0〜2.0の範囲
機械方向MD(長さ)、横方向TD(幅)、ならびに
厚さ方向ND(垂直高さ)の真球度係数または比に対する典型的な数:
MD/TDアスペクト比が0.75〜1.50の範囲
MD/ND寸法比が0.50〜7.50の範囲
TD/ND寸法比が0.50〜5.00の範囲
典型的な
MD/TDアスペクト比が0.75〜1.50の範囲
好ましい
MD/TDアスペクト比が0.75〜1.25の範囲
最も好ましい
MD/TDアスペクト比が0.85〜1.25の範囲
例えば、
典型的:
MD/TDアスペクト比が0.75〜1.50の範囲
MD/ND寸法比が0.5〜7.50の範囲
TD/ND寸法比が0.50〜5.00の範囲
好ましい:
MD/TDアスペクト比が0.75〜1.25の範囲
MD/ND寸法比が1.0〜2.50の範囲
TD/ND寸法比が1.0〜2.50の範囲
最も好ましい:
MD/TDアスペクト比が0.85〜1.25の範囲
MD/ND寸法比が1.0〜2.0の範囲
TD/ND寸法比が1.0〜2.0の範囲
機械方向MD(長さ)、横方向(TD)(幅)、および厚さ方向ND(垂直高さ)の真球度係数または比の典型的な数値がここにある:
MD/TDアスペクト比が0.75〜1.50の範囲
MD/ND寸法比が0.50〜7.50の範囲
TD/ND寸法比が0.50〜5.00の範囲
他に定義されない限り、本明細書で使用される全ての技術用語および科学用語は、開示される発明が属する分野における当業者によって一般的に理解されるのと同じ意味を有する。本明細書に引用される刊行物およびそれらが引用される資料は、参照により具体的に組み込まれる。
さらに、本明細書に例示的に開示された本発明は、本明細書に具体的に開示されていない、任意の要素が存在しない場合に、適切に実施し得る。
Claims (23)
- 少なくとも3C充電および/または放電性能を有する電池を提供する微多孔ポリマーフィルムを含む膜。
- 前記微多孔ポリマーフィルムが、乾式延伸法によって製造され、ほぼ球形の細孔を有し、横方向の引張強度に対する機械方向の引張強度の比が、0.5〜5.0の範囲にあり、多孔度が50%〜80%の範囲にある、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 前記微多孔ポリマーフィルムが、機械方向延伸および同時制御された機械方向緩和を伴う横方向延伸を含む二軸延伸、同時または逐次機械方向延伸および横方向延伸、および機械方向延伸とそれに続く同時機械方向緩和を伴う横方向延伸の少なくとも1つを含む延伸方法によって製造される、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 前記微多孔ポリマーフィルムが、半結晶性ポリマーおよび20〜80%の範囲にある結晶化度を有する半結晶性ポリマーの少なくとも1つからなる、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 前記微多孔ポリマーフィルムが、ポリオレフィン、フロロカーボン、ポリアミド、ポリエステル、ポリアセタール(またはポリオキシメチレン)、ポリスルフィド、ポリビニルアルコール、それらのコポリマー、およびそれらの組合せからなる群から選択されるポリマーからなる、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 前記微多孔ポリマーフィルムの平均細孔サイズが、0.09〜0.99μmの範囲にある、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 前記微多孔ポリマーフィルムが、60〜80%の範囲にある多孔度を有する、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 前記横方向の引張強度が、500Kg/cm2以上である、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 10〜25μmの範囲の厚さ、60〜80%の範囲の多孔度、500〜700Kg/cm2の範囲の横方向(TD)引張強度、700〜1000Kg/cm2の範囲の機械方向(MD)引張強度、および1.4〜1.6の範囲のMD/TD引張強度比を有する、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 請求項1に記載の膜を含む、電池セパレータ。
- 前記膜が、多重膜の少なくとも一重ねである、請求項10に記載の電池セパレータ。
- 前記多重膜の重ねが、相互に積層されている、請求項11に記載の電池セパレータ。
- 前記膜が、多重膜のすべての重ねである、請求項10に記載の電池セパレータ。
- 前記多重膜の重ねが同じ材料から製造されている、請求項10に記載の電池セパレータ。
- 前記多重膜の重ねが異なる材料から製造されている、請求項10に記載の電池セパレータ。
- 請求項11に記載のセパレータを含む電池。
- 請求項1に記載の膜を含む多層膜構造。
- 前記多重膜の重ねが共押出された、請求項17に記載の多層膜構造。
- 前記多重膜の重ねが同じ材料からなる、請求項18に記載の多層膜構造。
- 前記多重膜の重ねが異なる材料からなる、請求項18に記載の多層膜構造。
- 請求項1に記載の膜からなるデバイスであって、電池、セル、電池パック、システム、電子デバイス、車両、または燃料セルであるデバイス。
- 前記微多孔ポリマーフィルムが、少なくとも5Cを有する電池を提供する、請求項1に記載の膜。
- 前記微多孔ポリマーフィルムが、少なくとも10Cを有する電池を提供する、請求項1に記載の膜。
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2017
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JP2022068169A (ja) | 2022-05-09 |
US20190027725A1 (en) | 2019-01-24 |
EP4234206A2 (en) | 2023-08-30 |
US20240100781A1 (en) | 2024-03-28 |
US11833763B2 (en) | 2023-12-05 |
WO2017132439A1 (en) | 2017-08-03 |
EP3411916A1 (en) | 2018-12-12 |
EP3411916B1 (en) | 2023-10-11 |
CN109075292A (zh) | 2018-12-21 |
EP3411916A4 (en) | 2019-09-11 |
EP4234206A3 (en) | 2023-10-18 |
US20210194091A1 (en) | 2021-06-24 |
CN114709553A (zh) | 2022-07-05 |
US11557812B2 (en) | 2023-01-17 |
US10944087B2 (en) | 2021-03-09 |
US20230101052A1 (en) | 2023-03-30 |
CN109075292B (zh) | 2022-05-10 |
US20170222205A1 (en) | 2017-08-03 |
KR20180100698A (ko) | 2018-09-11 |
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