JP2019178806A - Incineration equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

To provide incineration equipment in which the capacity of refuse charged into a hopper can be calculated with simple constitution.SOLUTION: Incineration equipment 100 comprise: an incinerator 40; a crane 13 which has a gravimeter; a hopper 20 which stores refuse; a refuse feed device 30 which supplies refuse to the incinerator 40 below the hopper 20; a height measuring device 16 which measures a height of a surface of the refuse stored in the hopper 20; a correspondence relationship storage part which prestores correspondence relationship between surface height of the refuse stored in the hopper 20 and a total capacity corresponding value corresponding to the total capacity of refuse; a data management part which sectionalizes refuse layered in the hopper 20 layer by layer, and stores a charged capacity corresponding value and weights of the respective refuse layers; and a charge capacity calculation part which uses the correspondence relationship to acquire a total capacity corresponding value corresponding to a surface height of refuse each time refuse is charged in the hopper 20, and calculates, based on the total capacity corresponding value, a charge capacity corresponding value corresponding to the capacity of the top refuse layer among the refuse layers stored in the hopper 20.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an incineration facility that incinerates garbage such as industrial waste.

  Conventionally, an incineration facility that temporarily stores waste such as industrial waste and has a hopper that sequentially supplies the waste downward, and supplies the dust to the incinerator with a dust supply device at the bottom of the hopper. It has been known. In such an incineration facility, in order to stabilize the combustion state of waste in the incinerator, the specific gravity of the dust supplied into the incinerator by the dust feeder is calculated, and the calculated specific gravity is used as the incinerator by the dust feeder. Some have been proposed for use in controlling the amount of waste supplied to the interior.

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an incineration facility including a crane to which a weighing scale is attached, a hopper into which garbage is put by the crane, and a scanning laser type level meter installed above the hopper. In this incineration facility, the scanning laser level meter scans the surface of the dust thrown into the hopper two-dimensionally, and creates three-dimensional distance distribution data of the surface of the dust. The volume of the waste thrown into the hopper is calculated from the distance distribution data of the surface of the waste immediately before and immediately after the waste is newly put into the hopper. Then, the calculated volume of the waste, the weight of the waste measured with the weigh scale, and the specific gravity of the waste calculated from the volume and the weight are stored in association with the number of times of putting the waste into the hopper.

  Also, from the degree of fluctuation of the total volume of waste in the hopper due to the dust being supplied into the incinerator by the dust supply device, the number of times of putting in the waste immediately before being supplied into the incinerator is determined. Using the specific gravity stored in association with each other, the dust supply device that supplies the dust into the incinerator is controlled so that the amount of heat supplied to the incinerator becomes constant.

JP 2003-254526 A

  However, the above-mentioned incineration equipment requires a scanning laser level meter that creates distance distribution data on the surface of the waste in order to calculate the volume of the waste to be put into the hopper. To increase.

  Then, an object of this invention is to provide the incineration equipment which can calculate the volume of the waste thrown into a hopper with a simple structure.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, an incineration facility according to the present invention includes an incinerator for incinerating waste, a bucket for grabbing garbage in a pit, and a weighing scale for measuring the weight of the garbage grabbed by the bucket. A hopper for storing garbage thrown in from above by the crane, a dust supply device for supplying garbage to the incinerator at the lower part of the hopper, and a height of the surface of the garbage stored in the hopper And a correspondence relationship storage unit for preliminarily storing the correspondence relationship between the height of the surface of the dust stored in the hopper and the total volume corresponding value corresponding to the total volume of the dust stored in the hopper And a data management unit for storing the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of each garbage layer and the weight of each garbage layer, divided for each garbage layer stacked in the hopper by one time input from the crane , Using the correspondence relationship, obtaining the total volume corresponding value corresponding to the height measured by the height measuring device every time garbage is thrown into the hopper, and based on the total volume corresponding value, An input volume calculation unit that calculates the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the uppermost dust layer among the dust layers stacked in the hopper.

  According to the above configuration, the correspondence storage unit stores in advance the correspondence between the height of the surface of the garbage stored in the hopper and the total volume corresponding value corresponding to the total volume of the garbage stored in the hopper. . For this reason, the input volume calculation unit uses this correspondence relationship to calculate the total volume of garbage immediately stored in the hopper from the measured value of the height measuring device without using a scanning laser level meter. The corresponding total volume corresponding value can be obtained, and the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the input volume of waste (that is, the volume of the uppermost dust layer) can be easily calculated. Therefore, with the above configuration, it is possible to calculate the volume of the waste put into the hopper with a simple configuration.

  Further, in the incineration facility, the input volume calculation unit integrates the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of each dust layer other than the uppermost layer among the dust layers stacked in the hopper, The input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the uppermost dust layer may be calculated by subtracting the integrated value from the total volume corresponding value.

  Further, the incineration equipment described above is configured so that each of the garbage layers other than the uppermost layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper is based on the total weight of the garbage layers positioned above the garbage layers. A compaction correction unit that corrects the input volume corresponding value of the layer, and the input volume calculation unit corrects the input volume after correcting each of the dust layers other than the uppermost layer among the dust layers stacked in the hopper. The input value corresponding to the volume of the uppermost dust layer may be calculated by integrating the corresponding value and subtracting the integrated value from the total volume corresponding value. According to this configuration, the input volume corresponding value of each waste layer can be corrected to a value that takes into account that the waste layer is consolidated by the load of the upper dust layer. Can be approached. As a result, the input volume corresponding value of the uppermost dust layer, which is calculated using the integrated value of the input corresponding to the input volume of the dust layer, can be brought closer to a more accurate value.

  Further, in the above incineration equipment, the compaction correction unit is configured such that each time dust is introduced into the hopper, the input volume is set for each of the waste layers other than the uppermost layer among the waste layers stacked in the hopper. Corresponding values are corrected, and the data management unit stores the input volume correspondence stored for each dust layer other than the top layer among the dust layers stacked in the hopper each time dust is thrown into the hopper. The value may be updated to the latest corrected input volume corresponding value.

  The hopper is formed by connecting a plurality of cylindrical elements having different cross-sectional area change rates with respect to a predetermined height change in the vertical direction, and the total volume corresponding value is a constant value for the dust stored in the hopper. It may be the converted height of the surface of the dust stored in the virtual hopper assuming that the virtual hopper has a cross-sectional area.

  Further, in the incineration facility, a supply volume calculation unit that calculates a supply volume corresponding value corresponding to a volume of dust supplied into the incinerator by the dust supply device, and a dust layer stacked in the hopper A specific gravity calculation unit for calculating specific gravity of the waste to be supplied into the incinerator using the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the bottommost waste layer, and the supply calculated by the supply volume calculation unit A supply weight calculation unit that calculates the weight of the waste to be supplied into the incinerator based on the volume-corresponding value and the specific gravity calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit. According to this structure, since the supply weight of the waste supplied to the incinerator can be calculated with high accuracy, the combustion controllability of the waste in the incinerator can be improved.

  Further, in the incineration facility including the consolidation correction unit, a supply volume calculation unit that calculates a supply volume corresponding value corresponding to a volume of garbage supplied into the incinerator by the dust supply device, and a stack in the hopper The input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the lowermost dust layer among the waste layers to be discharged, and using the input volume corresponding value corrected most recently by the consolidation correction unit, into the incinerator Based on the specific gravity calculation unit for calculating the specific gravity of the waste to be supplied, the supply volume corresponding value calculated by the supply volume calculation unit and the specific gravity calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit, the weight of the waste to be supplied into the incinerator A supply weight calculation unit that calculates According to this configuration, since the specific gravity calculation unit uses the input volume corresponding value corrected by the consolidation correction unit, the specific gravity can be calculated with higher accuracy. As a result, the combustion controllability of waste in the incinerator Can be further improved.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the incineration equipment which can calculate the volume of the waste thrown into a hopper with a simple structure can be provided.

It is a schematic structure figure showing the whole incineration equipment composition concerning an embodiment. It is a block diagram of the control system of the incineration equipment shown in FIG. (A) is an enlarged side sectional view of the hopper shown in FIG. 1, and (B) is an enlarged side sectional view schematically showing a virtual hopper. It is a graph which shows an example of the correspondence of the surface height of the garbage stored by the hopper, and the total volume of garbage. It is a graph which shows an example of the correspondence of the surface height of the garbage stored by the hopper, and the conversion height of the garbage stored by the virtual hopper. It is a graph which shows an example of the correspondence of the total weight of a garbage layer located above a garbage layer, and a compaction correction coefficient. (A) is a lamination | stacking model figure before the Mth refuse injection | throwing-in, (B) is a lamination | stacking model figure after the Mth garbage introduction | transduction. (A) is a lamination | stacking model figure before supplying garbage in an incinerator, (B) is a lamination | stacking model figure after supplying garbage in an incinerator. (A) is a lamination | stacking model figure before supplying garbage in an incinerator, (B) is a lamination | stacking model figure after supplying garbage in an incinerator. It is a flowchart which shows the flow of control by the control apparatus shown in FIG.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing the overall configuration of the incineration facility 100. As shown in FIG. 1, the incineration facility 100 includes a pit 10, a hopper 20, a dust supply device 30, an incinerator 40, a boiler 50, and a control device 60.

  Garbage that has been transported to the incineration facility 100 is put into the pit 10 and stored. The pit 10 has a storage space 11 in which waste is stored, and a transport space 12 that is continuous with the storage space 11 on the upper side and in which the waste stored in the storage space 11 is transported to the hopper 20. A crane 13 is provided in the conveyance space 12 of the pit 10. The crane 13 has a bucket 14 that grips the garbage in the pit 10, and transports the garbage gripped by the bucket 14 to above the hopper 20 and puts it into the hopper 20. Moreover, the crane 13 has a weighing scale 15 that measures the weight of garbage that is gripped and conveyed by the bucket 14.

  In addition, a height measuring device 16 that measures the height (hereinafter referred to as “surface height”) L of the dust stored in the hopper 20 is provided in the conveyance space 12 of the pit 10. The height measuring device 16 is disposed in the transport space 12 of the pit 10. The height measuring device 16 is, for example, an ultrasonic level meter.

  The hopper 20 temporarily stores the garbage thrown in from above by the crane 13 and sequentially supplies it downward. Every time the crane 13 throws it in from above, garbage is stacked in the hopper 20. The surface height L immediately after the trash is introduced into the hopper 20 is increased as compared with that immediately before the hopper 20 is introduced into the hopper 20. On the other hand, as will be described later, the dust in the bottom portion in the hopper 20 is supplied into the incinerator 40 at any time by a dust supply device 30 provided at the bottom of the hopper 20. For this reason, the surface height L immediately after the dust supply by the dust supply device 30 is reduced as compared with that immediately before the dust supply by the dust supply device 30. A more detailed shape of the hopper 20 will be described later.

  The dust supply device 30 is provided in the lower part of the hopper 20 and supplies the waste put into the hopper 20 into the incinerator 40. The dust supply device 30 includes a pusher 31 that reciprocates in the horizontal direction and a drive device 32 that reciprocates the pusher 31. The drive device 32 is, for example, a hydraulic cylinder, and is disposed on the side opposite to the incinerator 40 with respect to the hopper 20. However, the drive device 32 may not be disposed on the side opposite to the incinerator 40 with respect to the hopper 20. For example, the drive device 32 may be arranged side by side with the pusher 31 when viewed from the incinerator 40 side. The pusher 31 has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and reciprocates at the bottom portion of the hopper 20. The pusher 31 supplies the waste into the incinerator 40 by sequentially pushing out the waste in the hopper 20 toward the inlet 40 a of the incinerator 40. A part or all of the movement speed of the pusher 31, the number of movements per unit time, the stroke (movement amount), and the position of the stroke end are controlled by the control device 60 described later, so that the per unit time. The amount of garbage supplied into the incinerator 40 is adjusted.

  In the incinerator 40, the waste is incinerated while being conveyed. The incinerator 40 has, in order from the upstream side, a main combustion chamber 41 and a recombustion chamber 42 that is continuous with the main combustion chamber 41. The incinerator 40 is a stoker-type incinerator, and is disposed below the main combustion chamber 41 and the recombustion chamber 42 in the incinerator 40 in order from the upstream side as a drying stoker 43 and a combustion stoker. 44 and a post combustion stoker 45 are provided. Primary air is supplied to the main combustion chamber 41 through the stokers 43 to 45, and secondary air is supplied above the stokers 43 to 45. The exhaust gas discharged from the incinerator 40 is supplied to the main combustion chamber 41. Since the oxygen concentration is lower than that of air, the exhaust gas is supplied to the main combustion chamber 41 in order to suppress a local excessive increase in the combustion temperature. In the present embodiment, a part of the exhaust gas that has passed through the boiler 50 is returned to the main combustion chamber 41.

  Garbage supplied into the incinerator 40 by the dust supply device 30 is first sent to the drying stoker 43 and dried by the primary air and the radiant heat of the main combustion chamber 41. Garbage dried in the dry stalker 43 is sent to the combustion stalker 44 by the dry stalker 43 and burned to generate a flame. The dust in the combustion stoker 44 and the ash generated by the combustion are sent to the post-combustion stoker 45 by the combustion stoker 44. In the post-combustion stoker 45, unburned waste that could not be combusted by the combustion stoker 44 is burned, and the ash after the combustion of the waste is discharged from a chute 46 provided adjacent to the post-combustion stoker 45. .

  Moreover, in the main combustion chamber 41, combustion gas is produced | generated by thermal decomposition and partial oxidation reaction of waste, and this combustion gas is burned with waste. In the recombustion chamber 42, the combustion gas flowing in from the main combustion chamber 41 is completely burned. The incinerator 40 of this embodiment is a parallel flow incinerator in which combustion gas and garbage flow in parallel. However, the incinerator 40 may be an incinerator (for example, an intermediate-flow incinerator) of a type in which combustion gas and dust flow in different directions. Moreover, the incinerator 40 may not be a stoker type, for example, may be a kiln type.

  The boiler 50 is a portion that generates steam using heat generated by combustion of garbage. The boiler 50 generates steam (superheated steam) by exchanging heat with a large number of water pipes 51 and superheater pipes 52 provided on the flow path wall, and the generated steam is supplied to a steam turbine generator (not shown). Power generation. Most of the exhaust gas that has passed through the boiler 50 is discharged into the atmosphere from a chimney (not shown) via an exhaust gas treatment facility (not shown), and part of the exhaust gas that has passed through the boiler 50 is as described above. To the main combustion chamber 41.

  The control device 60 controls the dust supply device 30 in the incineration facility 100. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a control system of the incineration facility 100. The control device 60 is electrically connected to the weighing scale 15 and the height measuring device 16. In addition, the control device 60 is electrically connected to the dust supply device 30. The control device 60 receives measurement signals from the weighing scale 15 and the height measurement device 16 and transmits control signals to the dust supply device 30.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the control device 60 includes, as functional blocks, a correspondence storage unit 61, a data management unit 62, a consolidation correction unit 63, an input volume calculation unit 64, a supply volume calculation unit 65, A specific gravity calculation unit 66 and a supply weight calculation unit 67 are provided. The control device 60 is a computer, for example, and includes a storage unit such as a ROM and a RAM, and an arithmetic processing unit such as a CPU that executes a predetermined program stored in the storage unit. These storage units and / or arithmetic processing units function as the above-described functional blocks. The control device 60 may execute each process by centralized control by a single computer, or may execute each process by distributed control by cooperation of a plurality of computers.

  The correspondence relationship storage unit 61 stores in advance a correspondence relationship between the surface height L and the total volume correspondence value corresponding to the total volume V of the dust stored in the hopper 20. Hereinafter, the correspondence between the surface height L of the dust and the total volume corresponding value will be described in detail.

  First, the detailed shape of the hopper 20 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3A shows an enlarged side sectional view of the hopper 20. As shown in FIG. 3A, the hopper 20 includes a plurality (four in this embodiment) of cylindrical elements 21a to 21d that are continuous in the vertical direction. These cylinder elements 21a to 21d have different rates of change in cross-sectional area with respect to a predetermined height change.

  In the present embodiment, among these cylindrical elements 21a to 21d, the cylindrical element 21a located at the lowest end has a constant cross-sectional area S. In the specification and claims of the present application, the cross-sectional area of the hopper means a cross-sectional area of the hopper passage when the hopper passage through which dust passes through the hopper is cut along a horizontal plane. On the other hand, the cylinder elements 21b, 21c, and 21d have a shape in which the cross-sectional area increases as it goes upward, that is, the cross-sectional area increases as it goes upward.

  FIG. 4 is a graph showing an example of a correspondence relationship between the surface height L of the waste stored in the hopper 20 and the total volume V of the waste, the horizontal axis is the surface height L, and the vertical axis is the hopper 20. It is the total volume V of the garbage stored in. The values V1 to V4 on the vertical axis represent the total volume of waste when the waste is stored up to the heights L1 to L4 of the upper ends of the cylinder elements 21a to 21d of the hopper 20, respectively. As described above, since the change rate of the cross-sectional area with respect to the predetermined height change of the cylinder elements 21a to 21d is different, the graph shown in FIG. 4 has a surface height L of 0 to L1, L1 to L2, L2 to L3. Different straight lines or curves are drawn in the respective ranges of L3 to L4.

  In the present embodiment, it is assumed that the dust stored in the hopper 20 is stored in a virtual hopper 20a having a constant cross-sectional area S as shown in FIG. The height L is converted into the surface height H of the dust in the virtual hopper 20a. Hereinafter, the surface height H of the dust in the virtual hopper 20a converted from the surface height L is referred to as “converted height H”. In the present embodiment, the cross-sectional area S of the virtual hopper 20a is the same cross-sectional area S as the cylinder element 21a of the hopper 20.

  FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of the correspondence relationship between the surface height L and the converted height H, where the horizontal axis is the surface height L and the vertical axis is the converted height H. In the present embodiment, the correspondence relationship storage unit 61 stores a correspondence relationship between the height L of the dust surface and the converted height H in advance. The converted height H corresponds to the “total volume corresponding value” of the present invention.

  In the following description, as shown in FIG. 3B, a garbage layer in the virtual hopper 20a corresponding to a garbage layer stacked in the hopper 20 by the i-th introduction of garbage is indicated as a garbage layer Gi. The thickness of the dust layer Gi in the virtual hopper 20a is referred to as a converted thickness Di. For simplification, FIG. 3B shows only the dust layer Gi among the dust layers stacked in the virtual hopper 20a.

  The data management unit 62 manages data related to garbage stored in the hopper 20 (that is, garbage assumed to be stored in the virtual hopper 20a). Specifically, the data management unit 62 divides the garbage in the hopper 20 into garbage layers formed by one-time introduction of garbage from the crane 13, and stores the weight and converted thickness of each garbage layer. And manage.

  In addition, the data management unit 62 is configured so that each time garbage is thrown into the hopper 20 from the crane 13 or every time garbage is supplied into the incinerator 40 by the dust supply device 30, the weight and the converted thickness of each garbage layer. Is updated to the latest data as appropriate. For example, each time garbage is thrown into the hopper 20 from the crane 13, the data management unit 62 sets the converted thickness of each garbage layer to a value that considers consolidation due to the load of the garbage layer located above the garbage layer. Update. The correction to the value considering the consolidation is performed by the consolidation correction unit 63.

  The consolidation correction unit 63 calculates the converted thickness of each dust layer based on the total weight of the dust layers located above each dust layer for each dust layer other than the uppermost layer among the dust layers stacked in the hopper 20. to correct. Specifically, the consolidation correction unit 63 corrects the converted thickness of each dust layer already stacked on the hopper 20 using the relationship shown in FIG.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the relationship between the waste weight integrated value X and the consolidation correction coefficient Y. The horizontal axis is the waste weight integrated value X, and the vertical axis is the consolidation correction coefficient Y. The waste weight integrated value X is the total weight of the waste layer located above the target waste layer. For example by introduction of M-th garbage into the hopper 20, when the dust layer G _M is formed on the uppermost layer, i-th to the hopper 20 (i <M) dust layer formed by introduction of garbage G _i The garbage weight integrated value X _i is calculated by the following equation (1).

In addition, the consolidation correction coefficient Y in FIG. 6 is a conversion in consideration of consolidation with respect to the original converted thickness when the waste layer is positioned at the uppermost layer for the target waste layer (for example, the waste layer G _i ). It is the ratio of thickness. That is, the converted thickness in consideration of consolidation is calculated by the following equation (2).

  As shown in FIG. 6, as the dust weight integrated value X increases, the consolidation correction coefficient Y decreases from 1, and the change rate of the consolidation correction coefficient Y gradually decreases. It is generally known that the relationship between the waste weight integrated value X and the consolidation correction coefficient Y, that is, the volume change rate decreases as the load from above increases.

  In this way, the consolidation correction unit 63 corrects the converted thickness for each of the dust layers other than the uppermost layer of the dust layers stacked in the hopper 20 every time dust is put into the hopper 20. Further, the data management unit 62 uses the consolidation correction unit 63 to store the converted thickness stored for each of the dust layers other than the uppermost layer among the dust layers stacked in the hopper 20 every time dust is put into the hopper 20. Update to the latest corrected conversion thickness.

  Returning to FIG. 2, the input volume calculation unit 64 uses the correspondence relationship shown in FIG. 5, and the converted height corresponding to the surface height L measured by the height measuring device 16 immediately after putting the dust into the hopper 20. Get H. Then, the input volume calculation unit 64 is based on the converted height H, and the volume of the uppermost dust layer among the dust layers stacked in the hopper 20 (that is, the volume of the latest waste input to the hopper 20). The converted thickness D corresponding to is calculated. The converted thickness D corresponds to the “input volume corresponding value” of the present invention.

  Below, the calculation method of the conversion thickness D by the input volume calculation part 64 is demonstrated, referring FIG. FIG. 7 is a stacking model diagram schematically showing the dust layer stacked on the virtual hopper 20a. FIG. 7A shows a stacking model diagram before the Mth time garbage is inserted, and FIG. B) shows a stacking model diagram after the M-th waste input.

Given that charged volume calculating unit 64 calculates the converted thickness D (M) of the waste layer G _M formed by dust charged into the M-th. In the description of FIG. 7, the translation thickness D of any waste layer G _i (i), the conversion thickness consolidation correcting unit 63 based on the weight of the garbage that is put into M time is corrected with D1 (i) The conversion thickness after correction by the consolidation correction unit 63 will be described as D2 (i) (see FIG. 7B). In the example illustrated in FIG. 7, it is assumed that the dust layer G _M-c formed by the waste introduced c times before the Mth introduction is located in the lowest layer in the waste layer in the virtual hopper 20a. To do.

As shown in FIG. 7 (A), the previous M-th garbage put in the virtual hopper 20a, dust layer _{G M-c, G M-} c + 1, ..., G M-1 are laminated.

  The input volume calculation unit 64 acquires the surface height L (M) measured immediately after the M-th waste input, and the correspondence storage unit 61 stores the surface height L (M). Is converted into the converted height H (M) (see FIG. 7B).

Further, the input volume calculating unit 64, the top layer _G dust layer other than _{M G M-c, G M} -c + 1, ..., the _{G M-1,} in terms of the thickness after the correction by the compaction correction unit 63 D2 (i) Acquires the value obtained by integrating. Then, the integrated value acquired from the converted height H (M) is subtracted. In other words, by the following equation (3) to calculate a conversion thickness D of the dust layer _{G M} (M).

Thus, the input volume calculating unit 64 calculates a conversion thickness D of the top layer of dust layer G _{M (M).} Data management unit 62, the dust layer G _M of the top layer, and stores the calculated conversion thickness D (M) With the introduction volume calculating unit 64. Further, the data management unit 62, the dust layer G _M of the top layer, and stores the measured weight W (M) by the weight meter 15.

  Returning to FIG. 2, the supply volume calculation unit 65 acquires the converted height corresponding to the surface height L immediately before and after the dust is supplied into the incinerator 40 by the dust supply device 30. Moreover, the supply volume calculation part 65 calculates the supply volume corresponding | compatible value corresponding to the volume of the waste supplied in the incinerator 40 by the dust feeder 30 from the acquired difference of these conversion height. Then, the specific gravity calculating unit 66 calculates the specific gravity of the waste supplied into the incinerator 40 based on the supply volume corresponding value.

  Hereinafter, a method for calculating the specific gravity ρ of the waste (hereinafter simply referred to as “supplied waste”) supplied to the incinerator 40 by the specific gravity calculating unit 66 will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. In the present embodiment, the supply volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the supply garbage is also indicated as the thickness of the dust layer when stored in the virtual hopper 20a. Hereinafter, the supply volume corresponding value is expressed as a converted thickness Ds.

In the example of FIG. 8, the calculation of the specific gravity ρ in the case where the converted thickness Ds is equal to or less than the thickness D (Mc) of the lowermost dust layer GM _-c immediately before supplying the dust will be described. FIG. 8 is a lamination model diagram schematically showing the garbage layer laminated on the virtual hopper 20a, and FIG. 8A shows a lamination model diagram before supplying garbage into the incinerator 40. FIG. 8B shows a stacking model diagram after the garbage is supplied into the incinerator 40.

In the description of FIG. 8, W1 (Mc) and D1 (Mc) are the weights and converted thicknesses immediately before supplying the waste for the lowermost waste layer GM _-c immediately before supplying the waste. The weight and the converted thickness immediately after supplying the waste will be described as W2 (Mc) and D2 (Mc). In the example shown in FIG. 8 (A), the uppermost layer of the previous dust supply, situated dust layer G _M formed by dust charged into the M th, the lowest layer of the front waste feed, introduction of M th In the following description, it is assumed that the garbage layer G _M-c formed by the garbage thrown c times before is located.

As shown in FIG. 8A, garbage layers G _M−c , G _{M−c + 1} ,..., G _M−1 are stacked on the virtual hopper 20a. As indicated by diagonal lines in FIG. 8 (A), a part of the lowermost waste layer GM _-c is supplied to the incinerator 40 as supply waste. The supply volume calculation unit 65 acquires the converted height H1 (M) immediately before supplying the waste into the incinerator 40.

  As shown in FIG. 8B, when the waste is supplied to the incinerator 40, the height of the waste stored in the hopper is reduced by the amount of the supplied waste. The supply volume calculation unit 65 acquires the converted height H2 (M) immediately after supplying the waste in the incinerator 40, and converts the converted height H2 (M) from the converted height H1 (M) immediately before supplying the waste. ) Is subtracted. That is, the supply volume calculation unit 65 calculates the converted thickness Ds by the following equation (4).

  Thus, the supply volume calculation unit 65 acquires the converted thickness Ds corresponding to the volume of supply waste. The volume of the supplied waste is a value obtained by multiplying the converted thickness Ds by the cross-sectional area S of the virtual hopper 20a.

Next, the specific gravity calculating unit 66 compares the converted thickness Ds with the converted thickness D1 (Mc) of the lowermost garbage layer GM _-c just before supplying the garbage. When converted thickness Ds Gagomi or less in terms of the thickness of the lowermost dust layer _{G M-c D1 (M-} c) just before being fed to the feed waste, the waste layer G _M-c all lowermost It belongs to. For this reason, the specific gravity calculation part 66 calculates specific gravity (rho) by following formula (5), when conversion thickness Ds is below conversion thickness D1 (Mc).

Next, the calculation of specific gravity ρ when the converted thickness Ds exceeds the converted thickness D (Mc) of the lowermost dust layer GM _-c just before supplying the waste will be described with reference to FIG. explain. FIG. 9 is a lamination model diagram schematically showing the garbage layer laminated on the virtual hopper 20a, and FIG. 9A shows a lamination model diagram before supplying garbage into the incinerator 40. FIG. 9B shows a stacking model diagram after the waste is supplied into the incinerator 40.

In the description of FIG. 9, the weight and the converted thickness immediately before supplying the waste are expressed as W (M−c) and D (M−c) for the lowermost dust layer GM _-c immediately before supplying the waste. And In addition, regarding the dust layer G _{M-c + 1} that is one layer above the lowest dust layer G _M-c immediately before supplying the waste, the weight and the converted thickness immediately before supplying the waste are expressed as W1 (M−c + 1). And D1 (M−c + 1), and the weight and converted thickness immediately after the waste is supplied will be described as W2 (M−c + 1) and D2 (M−c + 1). Also in the example shown in FIG. 9 (A), similarly to FIG. 8 (A), the pre-dust supplied to the top layer, situated dust layer G _M formed by dust charged into the M th, the pre-dust supply In the lowermost layer, a description will be given on the assumption that a garbage layer GM _-c formed by garbage introduced c times before the Mth introduction is located.

  The method for calculating the converted thickness Ds by the supply volume calculation unit 65 is the same as that shown in FIG. 8 in the example of FIG. That is, the supply volume calculation unit 65 calculates the converted thickness Ds by the above equation (4).

The specific gravity calculating unit 66 compares the converted thickness Ds with the converted thickness D (Mc) of the lowermost garbage layer GM _-c just before supplying the garbage. Then, if exceeded conversion thickness D Conversion thickness Ds Gagomi layer _{G M-c (M-c} ), supply dust is partially belongs to the dust layer G _M-c lowermost, remains its It belongs to the garbage layer GM _{-c + 1} which is _one layer above. For this reason, when the converted thickness Ds exceeds the converted thickness D (M−c), the specific gravity calculating unit 66 calculates the specific gravity ρ by the following formula (6) considering the ratio of each waste layer included in the supplied waste. calculate.

  Returning to FIG. 2, the supply weight calculation unit 67 calculates the weight of garbage supplied into the incinerator 40 based on the supply volume corresponding value calculated by the supply volume calculation unit 65 and the specific gravity calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit 66. To do. Specifically, the supply weight calculation unit 67 multiplies the converted thickness Ds acquired by the supply volume calculation unit 65 by the cross-sectional area S of the virtual hopper 20a to acquire the supply volume of the waste supplied to the incinerator 40. . The supply weight calculation unit 67 multiplies the acquired waste supply volume by the specific gravity calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit 66 to calculate the weight (supply weight) of the waste supplied into the incinerator 40.

  The supply weight calculated by the supply weight calculation unit 67 is used to control the dust supply device 30 for the purpose of improving the garbage combustion controllability in the incinerator 40. For example, the control device 60 calculates the heat input amount of the waste supplied into the incinerator 40 based on the calculated supply weight. Furthermore, the control device 60 is configured to supply the garbage to the incinerator 40 so that the amount of heat input to the garbage per unit time supplied to the incinerator 40 is constant (for example, a preset target heat input amount). The dust supply device 30 is controlled so that the supply amount of the gas is adjusted.

  Next, the flow of control by the control device 60 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a flow of control by the control device 60. In the hopper 20, a garbage layer is already laminated, and the data management unit 62 stores data on the already laminated garbage layer.

  The data management unit 62 determines whether or not there is a new trash input from the crane 13 to the hopper 20 (step S1). This determination method may be any form. For example, the data management unit 62 determines whether or not new trash is put into the hopper 20 based on a control signal for controlling the crane 13. Alternatively, a sensor that detects the movement of the crane 13 may be provided in the pit 10, and the determination may be made based on a signal detected by the sensor.

  When the data management unit 62 determines that there is a new waste input from the crane 13 into the hopper 20 (step S1: YES), the weight scale 15 measures the weight of the new waste input into the hopper 20, and the data The management unit 62 acquires the measured weight W as the weight of the uppermost dust layer (step S2).

  Next, the height measuring device 16 measures the surface height L every time dust is newly put into the hopper 20. Further, the data management unit 62 acquires the converted height H from the surface height L using the correspondence relationship stored in the correspondence relationship storage unit 61 (step S3).

  Next, the consolidation correction unit 63 corrects the converted thickness of each dust layer already stacked on the hopper 20 based on the weight W of the dust newly introduced into the hopper 20 (step S4).

  Specifically, the consolidation correction unit 63 calculates the waste weight integrated value X by the above formula (1) for each waste layer. Then, the consolidation correction unit 63 acquires the consolidation correction coefficient Y using the calculated waste weight integrated value X and the correspondence relationship shown in FIG. Finally, the compaction correction unit 63 uses the obtained compaction correction coefficient Y and the initial converted thickness of the target dust layer to obtain a converted thickness in consideration of compaction, that is, the weight W of waste newly introduced into the hopper 20. The equivalent thickness of the dust layer corrected based on is calculated.

  The data management unit 62 updates the converted thickness after correction by the consolidation correction unit 63 as the latest converted thickness of each dust layer for each of the dust layers that were stacked before newly introducing the dust.

  Next, the input volume calculation unit 64 calculates a converted thickness corresponding to the volume of the uppermost dust layer formed by newly introducing dust into the hopper 20 (step S5). Specifically, the input volume calculation unit 64 calculates the substituted height acquired in step S3 and the converted converted thickness of the dust layer acquired in step S4 by substituting them into the above equation (3).

  In this way, the data management unit 62 stores the number of inputs, the weight W acquired in step S2 and the converted thickness acquired in step S4 in association with each other for the uppermost garbage layer.

  Note that the converted thickness of the uppermost dust layer acquired and stored in step S5 is updated by correction in consideration of compaction in the next step S4 when a further dust layer is formed on the dust layer. become. However, the stored converted thickness of the uppermost dust layer is used as the “initial converted thickness” in the next step S4. For this reason, the control apparatus 60 keeps separately the converted thickness of the uppermost dust layer memorize | stored initially as "initial converted thickness" while the said garbage layer exists in the hopper 20. FIG.

  After step S5 or when the data management unit 62 determines that there is no new trash input from the crane 13 into the hopper 20 (step S1: NO), the process proceeds to step S6.

  In step S6, the data management unit 62 determines whether dust is supplied to the incinerator 40 by the dust supply device 30, that is, whether the drive device 32 has driven the pusher 31 (step S6). .

  When the data management unit 62 determines that the drive device 32 has driven the pusher 31 (step S6: YES), the supply volume calculation unit 65 converts the reduced amount of the converted height, that is, the conversion corresponding to the volume of the supplied garbage. The thickness Ds is acquired (step S7).

  Specifically, the height measuring device 16 measures the surface height L immediately before and after the dust is supplied into the incinerator 40 by the dust supply device 30. The supply volume calculation unit 65 uses the correspondence relationship stored in the correspondence relationship storage unit 61 to obtain the converted height H for each of the surface heights L immediately before and after supplying the dust, and the above equation (4) ) To obtain the converted thickness Ds.

  Next, the specific gravity calculating unit 66 calculates the specific gravity of the waste supplied into the incinerator 40 based on the converted thickness Ds that is the acquired reduction amount of the converted height, and the supplied weight calculating unit 67 The weight of the waste supplied to is calculated (step S8).

  Specifically, the specific gravity calculating unit 66 compares the converted thickness Ds with the converted thickness of the bottommost garbage layer immediately before supplying the garbage. When the converted thickness Ds is equal to or less than the converted thickness, the specific gravity calculating unit 66 calculates the specific gravity ρ by the above equation (5) (see FIG. 8). Moreover, the specific gravity calculation part 66 calculates specific gravity (rho) by said Formula (6), when conversion thickness Ds exceeds conversion thickness (refer FIG. 9).

  Then, the supply weight calculation unit 67 multiplies the calculated specific gravity ρ by the converted thickness Ds acquired in step S4 and the cross-sectional area S of the virtual hopper 20a to obtain the supply weight of garbage. Note that, as described above, the calculated supply weight of the waste is used for controlling the dust supply device 30.

  Next, the data management unit 62 updates the data of the lowermost dust layer based on the converted thickness Ds that is the acquired reduction amount of the converted height (step S9).

  Specifically, when the converted thickness Ds is equal to or less than the converted thickness (see FIG. 8), the data management unit 62 maintains the number of times of introduction of the lowermost dust layer, and based on the converted thickness Ds, the lowermost dust. Update layer weight and reduced thickness.

For example, if it demonstrates using the example shown in FIG. 8, the weight W2 (Mc) and conversion thickness D2 (Mc) of the dust layer GM _-c of the lowest layer immediately after supplying garbage are the following. (7) and (8).

  In addition, when the converted thickness Ds exceeds the converted thickness (see FIG. 9), the data management unit 62 changes the number of times of introduction of the lowermost waste layer to the number of times of introduction after one and also based on the converted thickness Ds. The weight and the converted thickness of the dust layer related to the number of times of the next charging are updated.

For example, if it demonstrates using the example shown in FIG. 9, the weight W2 (M-c + 1) and conversion thickness D2 (M-c + 1) of the waste layer GM _{-c + 1} which became the lowest layer immediately after supplying waste will be demonstrated. ) Is calculated by the following equations (9) and (10).

  After step S9 or when the data management unit 62 determines that the drive device 32 has driven the pusher 31 (step S6: NO), the process returns to step S1. Thus, the specific gravity of the waste supplied into the incinerator 40 is calculated while updating the weight and the converted thickness for each waste layer.

  As described above, according to the incineration facility 100 according to the present embodiment, the correspondence storage unit 61 has the surface height L of the garbage stored in the hopper 20 and the total volume of the garbage stored in the hopper 20. The correspondence relationship of the converted height H corresponding to V is stored in advance. For this reason, the input volume calculation unit 64 uses this correspondence relationship, so that the waste stored immediately in the hopper 20 can be obtained from the measured value of the height measuring device 16 without using a scanning laser level meter. The converted height H corresponding to the total volume V can be acquired, and the converted thickness D corresponding to the input volume of waste (that is, the volume of the uppermost dust layer) can be easily calculated. Therefore, with the above configuration, it is possible to calculate the volume of the waste put into the hopper 20 with a simple configuration.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, since it can correct | amend about the conversion thickness D of each garbage layer to the value which considered being consolidated by the load of the upper garbage layer, the conversion thickness D of each garbage layer is set to the actual garbage layer. It can be close to the value corresponding to the volume. As a result, the converted thickness D of the uppermost dust layer calculated using the integrated value of the converted thicknesses of these dust layers can also be close to the value corresponding to the actual volume of the dust layer. Furthermore, since the specific gravity calculation unit 66 uses the converted thickness corrected by the consolidation correction unit 63, the specific gravity can be calculated with higher accuracy, and as a result, the combustion controllability of waste in the incinerator 40 is further improved. Can be made.

  The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention.

  For example, the shape of the hopper 20 described in the above embodiment, the shape of the graph showing the correspondence between the surface height of the dust and the total volume of the dust, and the like are merely examples, and various modifications are possible. In the above embodiment, the “converted height” and “converted thickness” correspond to the “total volume corresponding value” and the “input volume corresponding value” of the present invention, respectively, but the “total volume corresponding value” of the present invention. The “input volume corresponding value” is not limited to “converted height” and “converted thickness”. For example, the “total volume corresponding value” of the present invention may be the total volume of waste stored in the hopper 20, or the “input volume corresponding value” of the present invention may be the volume of each garbage layer. Good. In this case, the correspondence relationship storage unit may store in advance the correspondence relationship between the garbage surface height L and the total dust volume V shown in FIG. Further, the “supply volume corresponding value” of the present invention may not be the converted thickness Ds but may be the total volume of waste stored in the hopper 20.

Further, the method for calculating the volume of the waste introduced into the hopper 20 by the input volume calculating unit 64 is not limited to the method described in the above embodiment. For example, the correction considering the consolidation may not be performed for the converted thickness of each dust layer. In this case, the input volume calculation unit 64, dust layer _{G M-c} except the top layer _{G M, G M-c +} 1, ..., the _{G M-1,} the initial conversion thickness not corrected (the dust layer is the outermost You may acquire the value which integrated | accumulated the conversion thickness of each waste layer calculated when it located in the upper layer, and may subtract from conversion height H (M).

  Further, the input volume calculation unit 64 may calculate the volume of the uppermost dust layer by a method that does not integrate the converted thicknesses of the dust layers other than the uppermost layer. For example, the height measuring device 16 measures the surface height L immediately before and after the dust forming the uppermost layer is put into the hopper 20. The input volume calculation unit 64 acquires a total volume corresponding value (for example, converted height) corresponding to the surface height L immediately before and after the input using the correspondence relationship stored in the correspondence relationship storage unit 61, and The difference between the total volume corresponding values may be calculated as the waste input volume corresponding value.

Furthermore, the input volume calculation unit 64 inputs a part or all of the garbage layers stacked before the addition from the difference from the difference between the total volume corresponding values immediately before and after the introduction of the garbage into the hopper 20 described above. A decrease Δh which is reduced by being consolidated by the weight of the dust layer may be added. For example, if described using the example of FIG. 7, the input volume calculating unit 64, the top layer G immediately before the dust is poured to form a dust layer of _M and after conversion the height H (M), H (M- 1) From the difference of 1), a reduction Δh (M−1) due to consolidation of the dust layer G _{M-1 that} is _one layer below the uppermost layer G _M is added, and the converted thickness D of the dust layer G _M (M) may be calculated. Decrease Δh (M-1) is derived based on the weight W (M) of the uppermost dust layer _{G M.} In other words, it puts the volume calculating unit 64, by the following equation (11) to calculate a conversion thickness D of the dust layer _{G M} (M).

  The specific gravity calculation unit 66 determines whether the converted thickness Ds corresponding to the volume of the supplied garbage is equal to or less than the converted thickness of the lowermost garbage layer immediately before supplying the garbage. Although the specific gravity ρ is calculated by properly using the equation (6), the specific gravity ρ calculation method of the specific gravity calculation unit 66 is not limited to this. For example, the specific gravity calculation unit 66 determines whether the converted thickness Ds corresponding to the volume of the supplied waste is equal to or less than the equivalent thickness of the bottommost waste layer immediately before supplying the waste. The specific gravity ρ may be calculated by

13: Crane 15: Weigh scale 16: Height measuring device 20: Hopper 20a: Virtual hoppers 21a to 21d: Tube element 30: Dust supply device 60: Control device 61: Corresponding relationship storage unit 62: Data management unit 63: Consolidation correction Unit 64: Input volume calculation unit 65: Supply volume calculation unit 66: Specific gravity calculation unit 100: Incineration equipment

Claims (7)

An incinerator that incinerates garbage;
A crane having a bucket for grasping garbage in the pit and a weighing scale for measuring the weight of the garbage grasped by the bucket;
A hopper for storing garbage thrown in from above by the crane;
A dust supply device for supplying garbage to the incinerator at a lower part of the hopper;
A height measuring device for measuring the height of the surface of the dust stored in the hopper;
A correspondence storage unit that stores in advance a correspondence between a height of the surface of the dust stored in the hopper and a total volume corresponding value corresponding to the total volume of the dust stored in the hopper;
A data management unit for storing the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of each garbage layer and the weight of each garbage layer, dividing each garbage layer stacked in the hopper by a single input from the crane;
Using the correspondence relationship, every time garbage is thrown into the hopper, the total volume corresponding value corresponding to the height measured by the height measuring device is obtained, and based on the total volume corresponding value, An incineration facility comprising: an input volume calculation unit that calculates the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the uppermost dust layer among the dust layers stacked in the hopper.   The input volume calculation unit integrates the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of each dust layer other than the uppermost layer among the dust layers stacked in the hopper, and calculates the integrated value as the total volume. The incineration facility according to claim 1, wherein the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the uppermost dust layer is calculated by subtracting from the corresponding value. For each garbage layer other than the uppermost layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper, the input volume corresponding value of each garbage layer is determined based on the total weight of the garbage layers positioned above each garbage layer. It has a compaction correction part to correct,
The input volume calculation unit integrates the input volume corresponding value after correction of each dust layer other than the uppermost layer among the dust layers stacked in the hopper, and the integrated value corresponds to the total volume. The incinerator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the uppermost dust layer is calculated by subtracting from a value. The consolidation correction unit corrects the input volume corresponding value for each of the dust layers other than the uppermost layer among the dust layers stacked in the hopper every time dust is put into the hopper,
The data management unit corrects the input volume corresponding value stored for each garbage layer other than the uppermost layer among the garbage layers stacked in the hopper each time garbage is introduced into the hopper. The incineration facility according to claim 3, wherein the incineration facility is updated to the input volume corresponding value. The hopper is formed by connecting a plurality of cylindrical elements having different cross-sectional area change rates with respect to a predetermined height change in a vertical direction,
The total volume-corresponding value is a converted height of the surface of the waste stored in the virtual hopper when it is assumed that the waste stored in the hopper is stored in a virtual hopper having a certain cross-sectional area. Incineration equipment given in any 1 paragraph of Claims 1-4. A supply volume calculation unit for calculating a supply volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of garbage supplied into the incinerator by the dust supply device;
A specific gravity calculation unit for calculating specific gravity of the waste to be supplied into the incinerator, using the input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the lowermost waste layer among the waste layers stacked in the hopper;
A supply weight calculation unit that calculates the weight of garbage supplied into the incinerator based on the supply volume corresponding value calculated by the supply volume calculation unit and the specific gravity calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit. Incineration equipment given in any 1 paragraph of 1-5. A supply volume calculation unit for calculating a supply volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of garbage supplied into the incinerator by the dust supply device;
The input volume corresponding value corresponding to the volume of the lowermost dust layer among the dust layers stacked in the hopper, and using the input volume corresponding value corrected latest by the consolidation correction unit, A specific gravity calculating unit for calculating the specific gravity of the waste to be supplied into the incinerator;
A supply weight calculation unit that calculates the weight of garbage supplied into the incinerator based on the supply volume corresponding value calculated by the supply volume calculation unit and the specific gravity calculated by the specific gravity calculation unit. Incineration facilities as described in 3 or 4.

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