JP2019094347A - 造血性幹細胞の増殖を調節する方法 - Google Patents
造血性幹細胞の増殖を調節する方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、National Institutes of Health-NIH Grant No. CA103846-02により支援された。米国政府はそれに対して一定の権利を有する。
本出願は、Leonard I ZonおよびTrista E. Northによる、「造血性幹細胞増殖を調節する方法」と題された、全体が参照により本明細書に組み入れられる2006年3月24日出願の米国特許仮出願第60/785,968号の恩典を主張する。
本態様は、インビトロ、インビボおよびエクスビボで造血性幹細胞を増加または減少させる調節物質を提供する。
幹細胞研究は、白血病、糖尿病、および貧血症のような疾患を患う者にとって、将来を変化させる可能性がある治療の開発に、顕著な可能性を有する。多くの研究は疾患の処置への鍵として、幹細胞生物学の探求に集中している。正常な発生における幹細胞の役割を理解することを通して、研究者らは多数の状態を処置するために、幹細胞生来の能力を捕捉しかつ方向付けることを探求している。研究は同時に多数の分野において進行中である:胚性幹細胞を様々な組織へ発達させるために駆動する遺伝学的および分子トリガーを試験すること;それらの細胞を分裂させかつ分化した組織を形成することがどのように推進されるかを学ぶこと;胚性幹細胞を培養し、かつ新規の取り扱い系統を開発すること;ドナーの要求を排除することにより、移植片対宿主病を排除または調節する方法を探索すること;かつ普遍的に移植可能な細胞系統を生成することである。
本態様の構成および方法は、特定の指示により望まれるようにHSC数を増加またはHSC数を減少させる薬剤である、HCS調節物質を提供する。例えば、HSC数を増加させることが見出されているHSC調節物質は、プロスタグランジンE2(PGE2)およびPGE2経路を刺激する薬剤を含む。逆に、PGE2合成を妨げるHSC調節物質はHSC数を減少させる。
本明細書で他に定義されない限り、本出願との関連において使用される科学的および技術的用語は、当業者に一般に理解される意味を有するであろう。さらに、文脈により要求されない限り、単数用語は複数性を含み、かつ複数用語は単数性を含むであろう。
runx1/cmyb+ HSC調節物質として同定されたPG経路化合物が、第1列に列挙される。第2列は、特定の化合物が同定された頻度を表す。第3列は、HSC遺伝子発現における化合物の影響を示す(変化した胚の数/評価した胚の数)。
runx1/cmyb+ HSC調節物質として同定されたPG経路化合物が、第1列に列挙される。第2列は、特定の化合物が同定された頻度を表す。第3列は、HSC遺伝子発現における化合物の影響を示す(変化した胚の数/評価した胚の数)。
脾臓重量およびCFU-S活性は、EtOH、dmPGE2またはインドメタシン(1μM/106細胞)を用いて処置されたWBM、またはckit+sca1+lineage-のFACS分類された細胞の注射を受け放射線照射された受容個体において12日目に評価された。
WBM(CD45.1)は、EtOH溶媒またはdmPGE2を用いてエクスビボで処置され、列2および3中に示される割合で、固定数の(CD45.1/CD45.2)競合細胞と共に亜致死に放射線照射された受容個体(CD45.2)へ移植された。列4は6週目で5%を上回るCD45.1のキメラ化(chimerism)を伴う動物数を例証し、かつ列5は、キメラ化の平均パーセンテージを実証する。最終列は解析されたCD45.2受容個体数を示す。
WBM(CD45.1)は、EtOH溶媒またはdmPGE2を用いてエクスビボで処置され、列2および3中に示される割合で固定数の(CD45.1/CD45.2)競合細胞と共に亜致死に放射線照射された受容個体(CD45.2)へ移植された。列4は12週目で5%を上回るCD45.1のキメラ化を伴う動物数を例証し、かつ列5は、キメラ化の平均パーセンテージを実証する。最終列は解析されたCD45.2受容個体数を示す。
WBM(CD45.1)はEtOH溶媒またはdmPGE2を用いてエクスビボで処置され、列2および3中に示される割合で固定数の(CD45.1/CD45.2)競合細胞と共に亜致死に放射線照射された受容個体(CD45.2)へ移植された。列4は24週目で5%を上回るCD45.1のキメラ化を伴う動物数を例証し、かつ列5は、キメラ化の平均パーセンテージを実証する。最終列は解析されたCD45.2受容個体数を示す。
実施例1 化学的スクリーニング設計および確認試験
野生型の齢一致した胚が、個々の試験化合物の48穴プレートに配列され(約5胚/穴)、3体節期から36 hpfまで曝露された。3つの化合物ライブラリーが利用された:NINDS Custom Collection (1040)、SpecPlus Collection(960)およびBIOMOL ICCB Known Bioactives(480)。5%(123/2480)の化合物は毒性があり、死亡または顕著な形態学的異常をもたらした。HSCを評価するために、runx1およびcmybに関するインサイチューハイブリダイゼーションが遂行された。化合物は、10μM、20μM、および50μMで再試験された。幹細胞特異性は36 hpfでflk1を使用して評価された。PGE2、PGI2、dmPGE2および全てのcox阻害剤(Sigma)は10μM〜20μMで使用された。
36 hpfで処置された生存バイジェニックゼブラフィッシュ胚は、共焦点画像解析のために0.4 mg/mlのトリカイン(Tricaine)-Sを含む1%低融点アガロース中に包埋された。cmyb-GFPトランスジェニックレポーター系統は、cmybプロモーターゲノム配列を含むBACから作成された(Galloway, Zhu, Lin, Zon,未発表);lmo2:DsRedフィッシュは記載されるように作成された27。HSC定量のために、cmyb/lmo2+陽性細胞はzスタック画像の投影法で計測された(n=10/処置)。
ゼブラフィッシュcox1およびcox2に方向付けられたモルホリノオリゴヌクレオチド(GeneTools)、PGE2合成酵素、ならびにEP2およびEP4(Grosser et al., 2002; Cha et al., 2006, Pina et al., 25 Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 315-20 (2005))は1細胞期にゼブラフィッシュ胚へ注射された(40μM)。回復実験に関しては、3体節期でMO注射された胚が10μM dmPGE2へ曝露された。
gata1:GFP(12体節)、lmo2:GFP(12体節および35 hpf)およびcd41:GFP(35 hpf)陽性細胞がFACS分類された;全RNAが精製され、以前に記載されたようにAffymetrixゼブラフィッシュ遺伝子チップを使用して解析された。Weber et al., 106 Blood 521-30 (2005)。
qPCRが以前に記載されたプライマー対を使用して遂行された。Burns et al,, 19 Genet Devel. 2331-42 (2005)。胚(n=50)は記載のように処置された。qPCR(60℃アニーリング)は、iQ5 Multicolor RTPCR Detection System(BioRad)上でSYBR Green Supermixを使用して遂行され(n=10反復)、かつ相対的発現レベルが決定された。EP2およびEP4に関するプライマー対は、当技術分野で周知の方法により決定された。全KM RNAのqPCR(n=15/変数)は、記載のように放射線照射後3日目に遂行された。Burns et al., 19 Genes Devel. 2331-42 (2005)。S細胞RNAについてのqPCR(Stat-60、Tel-Test中で収集された)は、Stratagene qPCR装置上のStratagene Sybrgreenキットを使用して遂行された。PGプライマー配列は、当技術分野で周知の方法により決定された。
PGE2および安定なPGI2代謝産物、6-ケト-PGF1αは、HPLC-直列型質量分析を使用して計測された。ホモゲナイズされた胚からの酢酸エチル抽出物は、内部基準が標識された対応する安定なアイソトープ(d4-PGE2およびd4-6-ケトPGF1α)を用いてスパイクされ、メトキシルアミンと反応させられた。続く質量遷移がモニターされた:m/z 384→272(PGE)、m/z 398→368(6-ケトPGF1αおよびTxB2)。
成体ゼブラフィッシュは23Gyのγ-線照射に曝露された。照射後2日目で、フィッシュはDMSO対照、dmPGE2(10または50μM)、インドメタシン(10μM)、SC560(10μM)またはNS398(10μM)へ、水中で1晩曝露された。0、2、4、7、10、14日目に単離された全KMは、造血性系譜を同定するためにFSC/SSC FACS解析へ供された(n=5/処置x3反復)。Traver et al,, 104 Blood 12980305 (2004)。
ES細胞造血性分化アッセイは、以前に記載されるよう遂行された。Kyba et al. 100(1) P.N.A.S. USA 11904-10(2003); Wang et al., 102 P.N.A.S. USA 19081-86 (2005)。dmPGE2(10、20または100μM)またはインドメタシン(20、100μM)は、EB増殖の間4日目および5日目に添加された。M3434メチルセルロースコロニー形成、およびOP9コロニーアッセイは6日目に実施され、各々8日目、5日目に解析された。コロニー型は形態学的解析により同定された;報告されたコロニー数を決定するために、2回の化学物質曝露が平均化された(最低限n=3の反復)。
8週齢のC57B1/6マウス大腿骨由来のWBM細胞は、dmPGE2(1μM/106細胞)、インドメタシン、SC560、NS398またはEtOH対照と共に氷上で2時間、エクスビボにてインキュベーションされた。各変数に関して、2つの独立したBM試料が処置された(n=5/処置x2回反復)。受容個体マウスは、10 Gyの分割線量を用いて致死の状態に放射線照射された。6x104個の非分画dmPGE2、または対照処置されたBM細胞が、照射された受容個体マウスの眼窩後方へ注射された。8日目または12日目に脾臓が解剖され、計量され、Bouin溶液を用いて固定された;脾臓当りの造血性コロニーが計測された。1x105細胞/受容個体がcox阻害剤を用いた処置後に移植された。FACS分類されたckit+sca1+lineage-BM細胞は上のように処置され、100細胞/受容個体または300細胞/受容個体のいずれかの用量で移植された。
マウスは記載されるように5-FU(150 mg/kg)を用いて処置された。Venezia et al., 2004。注射後1、5、9、13、17日目にSC560、NS398、dmPGE2(1 mg/kg)またはEtOH対照がIP注射により投与された。末梢血液は7日目および14日目で得られ、定量され、B220/IgM(Bリンパ球)、CD4/8(Tリンパ球)、Mac1/Gr1(骨髄)、Ter119/CD71(赤血球)およびckit/sca1(幹細胞/前駆体)に対する抗体(eBioscience)を使用して多重系譜FACS解析へ供された。マウスは16日目に犠牲にされ、骨髄が単離され、定量され、FACSにより解析された。
CD45.1 C57B1/6マウスからのWBMは、記載されるようにdmPGE2またはEtOH対照とエクスビボでインキュベーションされた。処置試験細胞は、以下の割合で未処理CD45.1/CD45.2競合体と共に放射線照射されたCD45.2受容個体へ独立に移植された(n=5/変数x2):15,000:200,000(0.075:1)、50,000:200,000(0.25:1)、200,000:200,000(1:1)、2,000,000:200,000(10:1)。末梢血液(PB)が移植後6、12、24週目で得られ、全血液細胞は、各処置系列集団に関する試験再構成を決定するためにFACS解析された。5%超のPBキメラ化頻度が、L-Calcプログラムを使用して再増殖細胞数を算出するために使用された(Stem Cell Technologies)。12週および24週のPB試料に関しては、多重系譜再構成は上のようなFACS解析により計測された。
ゼブラフィッシュ胚は、上に記載されるようスクリーニングされた。本明細書で記載される技術により同定され、かつ本発明により包含されるHSC調節物質の他の群は、PGシグナル伝達の下流である可能性があるcAMP/P13K/AKT二次メッセンジャー修飾因子である。HCSを阻害するものは、PD9805、KT5720、H89、U0126およびワートマニンを含む。HSCを増強するものは、8-ブロモ-cAMPおよびフォルスコリンを含む。
Claims (5)
- 造血性幹細胞(HSC)の集団および薬学的に許容される担体を含む、HSC治療において使用するための薬学的組成物であって、HSCが1つまたは複数のHSC調節物質とエクスビボで接触されており、1つまたは複数のHSC調節物質がプロスタグランジンE2(PGE2)またはPGE2誘導体であり、かつ、1つまたは複数のHSC調節物質がプロスタグランジンEP2および/またはEP4受容体アゴニストである、薬学的組成物。
- 造血性幹細胞(HSC)を含む細胞の集団および薬学的に許容される担体を含む、移植のための薬学的組成物であって、細胞の集団が少なくとも1つのPGE2またはPGE2誘導体とエクスビボで接触されており、PGE2誘導体がプロスタグランジンEP2および/またはEP4受容体アゴニストである、薬学的組成物。
- 細胞の集団が末梢血、臍帯血、骨髄、羊水または胎盤血から収集される、請求項1または2記載の薬学的組成物。
- 細胞の集団が臍帯血から収集される、請求項3記載の薬学的組成物。
- 細胞の集団が低温保存される、請求項1または2記載の薬学的組成物。
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