JP2018522831A - Nr2bnmdaレセプターアンタゴニストとしての3,3−ジフルオロピペリジンカルバメート複素環式化合物 - Google Patents
Nr2bnmdaレセプターアンタゴニストとしての3,3−ジフルオロピペリジンカルバメート複素環式化合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
非選択的NMDAレセプターアンタゴニストは、当初、脳卒中および頭部外傷において開発されたが、最近、うつ病の処置において臨床的有効性を示した。この非選択的NMDAレセプターアンタゴニストであるケタミンは、標準的なモノアミン再取り込み阻害剤治療に抵抗性のうつ病において速やかに効果を発現し、有効性を有すると示された(Mathews and Zarate,2013, J. Clin. Psychiatry 74:516−158)。しかしながら、ケタミンなどの非選択的NMDAレセプターアンタゴニストは、ヒトへの適用を制限する一連の望ましくない薬理学的活性を有する。非選択的NMDAレセプターアンタゴニストの場合、特に解離性または心因性の副作用が特に顕著である。より最近では、NR2Bサブタイプ選択的NMDAレセプターアンタゴニストが、広範囲の臨床適応症において可能性を示した。特に、NR2Bアンタゴニストは、初期の臨床試験において抗うつ作用も示した(Ibrahimら、2012, J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 32, 551−557;Preskornら、2008, J. Clin. Psychopharmacol. 28, 631−637)。さらに、選択的NR2Bアンタゴニストは、解離性の副作用が大幅に減少しているので、ケタミンなどの非選択的NMDAレセプターアンタゴニストにまさる利点を有する。しかしながら、これまでに報告されたNR2Bアンタゴニストは、ヒトの薬物治療における使用の可能性を制限してきた他の薬物特性に関する欠点を広く示していた。
うつ病を含む一連の臨床的適応症における広い適用範囲およびヒトでの安全な使用のために、改善されたNR2Bサブタイプ選択的アンタゴニストが必要とされている。本発明は、とりわけ、薬物動態学的性能、経口活性、心血管安全性ならびにインビトロおよびインビボにおける治療的な安全性指標尺度によって例証される1つまたはそれを超える点が改善されたNR2Bレセプターアンタゴニストの必要性に対処する。
いくつかの実施形態において、本発明は、式(I):
化学的実体の一般的な説明
いくつかの実施形態において、本発明は、式I:
R1は、アルキル、シクロアルキル、(シクロアルキル)アルキル、ヘテロシクリル、(ヘテロシクリル)アルキル、アリール、(アリール)アルキル、ヘテロアリールまたは(ヘテロアリール)アルキルであり、
ここで、シクロアルキル、(シクロアルキル)アルキル、ヘテロシクリル、(ヘテロシクリル)アルキル、アリール、(アリール)アルキル、ヘテロアリールおよび(ヘテロアリール)アルキルの各々は、独立して、−F、−Cl、C1−C4アルキル、シクロプロピル、−C≡CH、−CFH2、−CF2H、−CF3、−CF2CH3、−CH2CF3、C1−C4アルコキシ、−OCFH2、−OCF2H、−OCF3、−CN、−N(R2)(R3)、−NO2、C1−C4アルキルチオ、C1−C4アルキルスルホニルおよび−S(O)2CF3から独立して選択される1〜3個の基で必要に応じて置換され;
ここで、R2およびR3の各場合は、独立して、−HまたはC1−C4アルキルであるか、または
−N(R2)(R3)は、
Zは、環炭素原子、1個の窒素環原子、ならびにN、OおよびSから独立して選択される0〜3個のさらなる環ヘテロ原子を有する5もしくは6員の単環式または9もしくは10員の二環式のヘテロアリールであり、このヘテロアリールは、1または2個のRx基で必要に応じて置換され、かつ1つのRa基で必要に応じて置換され、ここで、各Rxは、環炭素原子に結合し、Raは、環窒素原子に結合し;
ここで、
Rxの各場合は、独立して、−F、−Cl、−CH3、−CFH2、−CF2H、−CF3、−OH、−OCH3、−OCF3または−CNであり;
Raは、C1−4アルキル、C3−4シクロアルキルまたは−S(O)2−C1−4アルキルである。
化学的実体および定義
化学的実体の例示的な実施形態
Rxの各場合は、独立して、−F、−Cl、−CH3、−CFH2、−CF2H、−CF3、−OH、−OCH3、−OCF3または−CNであり;
Raは、C1−4アルキル、C3−4シクロアルキルまたは−S(O)2−C1−4アルキルである。
ここで、R2およびR3の各場合は、独立して、−HまたはC1−C4アルキルであるか、または
−N(R2)(R3)は、
R5は、−H、−F、−Cl、−CH3、−CFH2、−CF2H、−CF3、−CH2CH3、−CF2CH3、−CH2CF3、シクロプロピル、−OCF3、−OCF2H、−SCH3、−S(O)2CH3または−C≡CHであり;
R6は、−Hまたは−Fであり;
R7は、−H、−F、−Clまたは−CH3である。
R5は、−H、−F、−Cl、−CH3、−CFH2、−CF2H、−CF3、−CH2CH3、−CF2CH3、−CH2CF3、シクロプロピル、−OCF3、−OCF2H、−SCH3、−S(O)2CH3または−C≡CHであり;
R6は、−Hまたは−Fであり;
R7は、−H、−F、−Clまたは−CH3であり;
Zは、Z1、Z2、Z8、Z9、Z21またはZ22である。いくつかの実施形態において、Zは、Z1またはZ2である。いくつかの実施形態において、Zは、Z1である。いくつかの実施形態において、Zは、Z2である。
グルタメート(GLU)は、哺乳動物の脳および中枢神経系(CNS)における機能的な興奮性神経伝達物質である。この内在性の神経伝達物質の作用は、代謝型Gタンパク質共役(mGluR)およびリガンド開口型イオンチャネルまたはイオンチャネル型GluRに広く分類されるグルタミン酸レセプター(GLUR)にGLUが結合し、活性化することによって媒介される。イオンチャネル型GLURは、選択的レセプターアゴニストの作用に基づいて3つの主要なタイプ:NMDA(N−メチルD−アスパラギン酸選択的)、KA(カイニン酸選択的)およびAMPA(α−アミノ−3−ヒドロキシ−5−メチル−4−イソオキサゾールプロピオン酸)レセプターに薬理学的に分類され、これらのレセプターの構造および薬理学的機能は、最近、詳細に概説された(S. F. Traynelisら、Pharmacology Reviews, 2010, 62, 405−496)。電気生理学研究から、NMDARが、内在性Mg2+による電圧依存性チャネル遮断を受けやすい陽イオンチャネルであると実証された。コアゴニストとしてのグリシンの存在下においてグルタメートによってNMDARが活性化されると、レセプターイオンチャネルが開口する。これにより、細胞内にNa+およびCa2+が流入して、興奮性シナプス後電位(EPSP)が発生し、Ca2+によってニューロンにおけるセカンドメッセンジャーシグナル伝達経路が活性化される。それらのCa2+に対する透過性のおかげで、NMDAレセプターの活性化は、ニューロンの連絡の長期間の変化、例えば、学習および記憶およびシナプス可塑性を制御する。
使用、製剤化および投与ならびに薬学的に許容され得る組成物
化学的実体および薬学的に許容され得る組成物の使用
本発明に従った治療薬の同時投与または連続投与のことを指す。例えば、本発明の化学的実体は、別の治療薬と、同時にまたは連続的に、別個の単位剤形でまたは単一の単位剤形で共に投与され得る。したがって、本発明は、式(I)の化学的実体、さらなる治療薬および薬学的に許容され得るキャリア、アジュバントまたはビヒクルを含む単一の単位剤形を提供する。
一般的な合成法
スキーム1
スキーム2
スキーム3
下記の実施例に描かれるように、ある特定の例示的な実施形態において、以下の手順に従って化学的実体が調製される。一般的な方法によって、本発明のある特定の化学的実体の合成が示されるが、以下の方法および当業者に公知の他の方法が、本明細書中に記載されるようなすべての化学的実体ならびにこれらの各化学的実体のサブクラスおよび種に適用され得ることが認識される。
省略形:
aq 水溶液
BINAP 2,2’−ビス(ジフェニルホスフィノ)−1,1’−ビナフタレン
Boc t−ブトキシカルボニル
Brettphos 2−(ジシクロヘキシルホスフィノ)−3,6−ジメトキシ−2’,4’,6’−トリイソプロピル−1,1’−ビフェニル
Brettphosプレ触媒 クロロ[2−(ジシクロヘキシルホスフィノ)−3,6−ジメトキシ−2’,4’,6’−トリイソプロピル−1,1’−ビフェニル][2−(2−アミノエチル)フェニル]−パラジウム(II)
nBuOH n−ブタノール
Cbz ベンジルオキシカルボニル
CDI カルボニルジイミダゾール
DAST ジエチルアミノ硫黄トリフルオリド
dba ジベンジリデンアセトン(dibenylideneacetone)
DCM ジクロロメタン
DCE 1,2−ジクロロエタン
DIPEA N,N−ジイソプロピルエチルアミン
DMF N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド
DMSO ジメチルスルホキシド
Et エチル
Et2O ジエチルエーテル(「エーテル」)
EtOAc 酢酸エチル
EtOH エタノール
eq 当量
h 時間
HPLC 高速液体クロマトグラフィー
LC 液体クロマトグラフィー
Me メチル
Ms メタンスルホニル
MsCl 塩化メタンスルホニル
MS 質量分析
MS(ESI) 質量分析エレクトロスプレーイオン化
NMP N−メチル−2−ピロリドン
NMR 核磁気共鳴
Pd/C 炭素上に担持されたパラジウム
rt 室温
TEA トリエチルアミン
TFA トリフルオロ酢酸
THF テトラヒドロフラン
TLC 薄層クロマトグラフィー
Ts p−トルエンスルホニル
実施例1.A.(−)−R−tert−ブチル4−(アミノメチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
工程2:tert−ブチル3,3−ジフルオロ−4−(2−メトキシ−2−オキソエチリデン)ピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
工程3:2−(1−(tert−ブトキシカルボニル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−4−イリデン)酢酸
工程4:tert−ブチル(R)−4−(2−(4−ベンジル−2−オキソオキサゾリジン−3−イル)−2−オキソエチリデン)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
工程5:R−tert−ブチル4−(2−((R)−4−ベンジル−2−オキソオキサゾリジン−3−イル)−2−オキソエチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
工程6:R−2−(1−(tert−ブトキシカルボニル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−4−イル)酢酸
工程7:R−tert−ブチル4−((ベンジルオキシカルボニルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
工程8:(−)−R−tert−ブチル4−(アミノメチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
実施例1.B.2,5−ジオキソピロリジン−1−イル4−メチルベンジルカーボネート
実施例1.C.2,5−ジオキソピロリジン−1−イル4−エチルベンジルカーボネート
実施例1.D.(+)−S−tert−ブチル4−(アミノメチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
実施例1.1.(+)−R−4−メチルベンジル4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−8−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(E1−1.2)
工程2:R−N−((3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−4−イル)メチル)−[1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−8−アミントリフルオロ酢酸塩
工程3:(+)−R−4−メチルベンジル4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−8−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
実施例1.1a.R−4−メチルベンジル4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−8−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレートメタンスルホン酸塩(E1−1.2a)
実施例1.2.(±)−4−メチルベンジル4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−8−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(C−1.2)
工程2:メチル2−(3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−4−イル)アセテート
工程3:4−メチルベンジル3,3−ジフルオロ−4−(2−メトキシ−2−オキソエチル)ピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
工程4:2−(3,3−ジフルオロ−1−((4−メチルベンジルオキシ)カルボニル)ピペリジン−4−イル)酢酸
工程5:4−メチルベンジル4−(アミノメチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
工程6:(±)−4−メチルベンジル4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−8−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
実施例1.3.(−)−S−4−メチルベンジル4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−8−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(E2−1.2)
実施例1.4.4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−5−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(E1−2.2)
工程2:R−N−((3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−4−イル)メチル)−[1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−5−アミントリフルオロ酢酸塩
工程3:R−4−メチルベンジル4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−5−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
実施例1.4a.R−4−メチルベンジル4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−5−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレートメタンスルホン酸塩(E1−2.2a)
実施例1.5.(+)−R−4−メチルベンジル4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[1,5−a]ピリジン−2−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(E1−9.2)
工程2:(+)−R−4−メチルベンジル4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[1,5−a]ピリジン−2−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
実施例1.6.(+)−R−4−メチルベンジル−4−((1H−ピラゾロ[3,4−d]ピリミジン−6−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(E1−8.2)
工程2:R−N−((3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−4−イル)メチル)−1H−ピラゾロ[3,4−d]ピリミジン−6−アミン塩酸塩
工程3:(+)−R−4−メチルベンジル−4−((1H−ピラゾロ[3,4−d]ピリミジン−6−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
実施例1.6a.(+)−R−4−メチルベンジル4−((1H−ピラゾロ[3,4−d]ピリミジン−6−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレートメタンスルホン酸塩(E1−8.2a)
実施例1.7.R−4−クロロベンジル4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−8−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(E1−1.3)
実施例1.7a.R−4−クロロベンジル4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−8−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレートメタンスルホン酸塩(E1−1.3a)
実施例1.8.R−4−フルオロベンジル4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−8−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(E1−1.4)
実施例1.8a.R−4−フルオロベンジル4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−8−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレートメタンスルホン酸塩(E1−1.4a)
実施例1.9.(+)−R−4−メチルベンジル3,3−ジフルオロ−4−((ピリミジン−2−イルアミノ)メチル)−ピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(E1−22.2)
工程2:R−N−((3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−4−イル)メチル)ピリミジン−2−アミン塩酸塩
工程3:(+)−R−4−メチルベンジル3,3−ジフルオロ−4−((ピリミジン−2−イルアミノ)メチル)−ピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
実施例1.9a.R−4−メチルベンジル3,3−ジフルオロ−4−((ピリミジン−2−イルアミノ)メチル)ピペリジン−1−カルボキシレートメタンスルホン酸塩(E1−22.2a)
実施例1.10.R−4−メチルベンジル3,3−ジフルオロ−4−((ピラジン−2−イルアミノ)メチル)ピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(E1−21.2)
工程2:R−4−メチルベンジル3,3−ジフルオロ−4−((ピラジン−2−イルアミノ)メチル)ピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
実施例1.10a.R−4−メチルベンジル3,3−ジフルオロ−4−((ピラジン−2−イルアミノ)メチル)ピペリジン−1−カルボキシレートメタンスルホン酸塩(E1−21.2a)
実施例1.11.R−4−メチルベンジル3,3−ジフルオロ−4−((5−メチルピラジン−2−イルアミノ)−メチル)ピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(E1−21.26)
工程2:R−4−メチルベンジル3,3−ジフルオロ−4−((5−メチルピラジン−2−イルアミノ)−メチル)ピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
実施例1.11a.R−4−メチルベンジル3,3−ジフルオロ−4−((5−メチルピラジン−2−イルアミノ)メチル)−ピペリジン−1−カルボキシレートメタンスルホン酸塩(E1−21.26a)
実施例1.12.R−4−フルオロベンジル4−((1H−ピラゾロ[3,4−d]ピリミジン−6−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(E1−8.4)
工程2:R−4−フルオロベンジル4−((1H−ピラゾロ[3,4−d]ピリミジン−6−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
実施例1.13.R−4−メチルベンジル4−((1H−ピラゾロ[3,4−d]ピリミジン−4−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(E1−6.2)
工程2:R−N−((3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−4−イル)メチル)−1H−ピラゾロ[3,4−d]ピリミジン−4−アミン二塩酸塩
工程3:R−4−メチルベンジル4−((1H−ピラゾロ[3,4−d]ピリミジン−4−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
実施例1.13a.(+)−R−4−メチルベンジル4−((1H−ピラゾロ[3,4−d]ピリミジン−4−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレートメタンスルホン酸塩(E1−6.2a)
実施例1.14.(+)−R−4−メチルベンジル4−((7H−ピロロ[2,3−d]ピリミジン−4−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(E1−7.2)
工程2:R−N−((3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−4−イル)メチル)−7−トシル−7H−ピロロ[2,3−d]ピリミジン−4−アミントリフルオロ酢酸塩
工程3:R−4−メチルベンジル3,3−ジフルオロ−4−((7−トシル−7H−ピロロ[2,3−d]ピリミジン−4−イルアミノ)メチル)ピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
工程4:(+)−R−4−メチルベンジル4−((7H−ピロロ[2,3−d]ピリミジン−4−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート
実施例1.15.R−4−エチルベンジル4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−8−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレート(E1−1.5)
実施例1.15a.(+)−R−4−エチルベンジル4−(([1,2,4]トリアゾロ[4,3−a]ピラジン−8−イルアミノ)メチル)−3,3−ジフルオロピペリジン−1−カルボキシレートメタンスルホン酸塩(E1−1.5a)
実施例1.16(R)−XVIaの単結晶X線回折(SCXRD)
表A.(R)−XVIaについてのサンプルおよび結晶データ
U(eq)は、直交化Uijテンソルのトレースの3分の1と定義される。
この異方性原子変位因子の指数部は、以下の形をとる:
−2π2[h2a*2U11+...+2hka*b*U12]
実施例2.アッセイ
実施例2.1.NR2Bアンタゴニスト活性
振幅=最大振幅/(1+(IC50/[アンタゴニスト])n).
結果を表2.1に示す。
実施例2.2.hERGチャネル阻害
(Mt−M0)/Mwater×100%
として算出し、ここで、MtおよびM0は、試験化合物の存在下での反応の始めおよび終わりにおける特異的なプローブ基質の代謝産物(個々のCYP450アイソフォームによって形成された)の濃度を表し;Mwaterは、試験化合物の非存在下での反応の終わりにおける特異的な代謝産物の濃度を表す。試験化合物の濃度依存的応答のデータ実験を3連で行った。CYP2D6の平均IC50値を、標準的なロジスティック方程式(Prism, GraphPad Software, Inc)に対する用量依存的応答データの非線形最小二乗法フィッティングから導くことにより、表2.3に示されるCYP2D6のIC50の結果を得た。
実施例2.4.1.マウスにおける化合物E1−1.2
実施例2.4.2.腹腔内注射によってマウスに投与した化合物E1−8.2
実施例2.4.3.腹腔内注射によってマウスに投与した化合物E1−21.26
実施例2.4.4.経口的にマウスに投与した化合物E1−1.2
実施例2.4.5.腹腔内注射によってラットに投与した化合物E1−1.2
実施例2.4.6.経口的にラットに投与した化合物E1−21.26
実施例2.4.7.強制水泳試験におけるマウスへの慢性投与
実施例2.5.電気痙攣閾値試験(ECT)
実施例2.5.1.化合物E1−1.2
実施例2.5.2.化合物E1−8.2
実施例2.5.3.化合物E1−21.26
実施例2.6.ペンチレンテトラゾール(PTZ)発作試験
実施例2.6.1.化合物E1−1.2
実施例2.6.2.化合物E1−21.26
実施例2.7.6Hz発作試験
実施例2.7.1.化合物E1−1.2
実施例2.8.ハロペリドール誘発性カタレプシー(HIC)モデル
実施例2.8.1.化合物E1−1.2
実施例2.8.2.化合物E1−21.26
実施例2.9.ラットホルマリンモデル
実施例2.10.片頭痛モデルの前兆段階である皮質拡延性抑制(CSD)
化学的実体の一般的な説明
いくつかの実施形態において、本発明は、式I:
R1は、アルキル、シクロアルキル、(シクロアルキル)アルキル、ヘテロシクリル、(ヘテロシクリル)アルキル、アリール、(アリール)アルキル、ヘテロアリールまたは(ヘテロアリール)アルキルであり、
ここで、シクロアルキル、(シクロアルキル)アルキル、ヘテロシクリル、(ヘテロシクリル)アルキル、アリール、(アリール)アルキル、ヘテロアリールおよび(ヘテロアリール)アルキルの各々は、独立して、−F、−Cl、C1−C4アルキル、シクロプロピル、−C≡CH、−CFH2、−CF2H、−CF3、−CF2CH3、−CH2CF3、C1−C4アルコキシ、−OCFH2、−OCF2H、−OCF3、−CN、−N(R2)(R3)、−NO2、C1−C4アルキルチオ、C1−C4アルキルスルホニルおよび−S(O)2CF3から独立して選択される1〜3個の基で必要に応じて置換され;
ここで、R2およびR3の各場合は、独立して、−HまたはC1−C4アルキルであるか、または
−N(R2)(R3)は、
Zは、環炭素原子、1個の窒素環原子、ならびにN、OおよびSから独立して選択される0〜3個のさらなる環ヘテロ原子を有する5もしくは6員の単環式または9もしくは10員の二環式のヘテロアリールであり、このヘテロアリールは、1または2個のRx基で必要に応じて置換され、かつ1つのRa基で必要に応じて置換され、ここで、各Rxは、環炭素原子に結合し、Raは、環窒素原子に結合し;
ここで、
Rxの各場合は、独立して、−F、−Cl、−CH3、−CFH2、−CF2H、−CF3、−OH、−OCH3、−OCF3または−CNであり;
Raは、水素、C1−4アルキル、C3−4シクロアルキルまたは−S(O)2−C1−4アルキルである。
Rxの各場合は、独立して、−F、−Cl、−CH3、−CFH2、−CF2H、−CF3、−OH、−OCH3、−OCF3または−CNであり;
Raは、水素、C1−4アルキル、C3−4シクロアルキルまたは−S(O)2−C1−4アルキルである。
例えば、本発明の実施形態において、以下の項目が提供される。
(項目1)
式I:
の化合物である化学的実体であって、式中、
R 1 は、アルキル、シクロアルキル、(シクロアルキル)アルキル、ヘテロシクリル、(ヘテロシクリル)アルキル、アリール、(アリール)アルキル、ヘテロアリールまたは(ヘテロアリール)アルキルであり、
ここで、シクロアルキル、(シクロアルキル)アルキル、ヘテロシクリル、(ヘテロシクリル)アルキル、アリール、(アリール)アルキル、ヘテロアリールおよび(ヘテロアリール)アルキルの各々は、独立して、−F、−Cl、C 1 −C 4 アルキル、シクロプロピル、−C≡CH、−CFH 2 、−CF 2 H、−CF 3 、−CF 2 CH 3 、−CH 2 CF 3 、C 1 −C 4 アルコキシ、−OCFH 2 、−OCF 2 H、−OCF 3 、−CN、−N(R 2 )(R 3 )、−NO 2 、C 1 −C 4 アルキルチオ、C 1 −C 4 アルキルスルホニルおよび−S(O) 2 CF 3 から独立して選択される1〜3個の基で必要に応じて置換され;
ここで、R 2 およびR 3 の各場合は、独立して、−HまたはC 1 −C 4 アルキルであるか、または
−N(R 2 )(R 3 )は、
であり;
Zは、環炭素原子、1個の窒素環原子、ならびにN、OおよびSから独立して選択される0〜3個のさらなる環ヘテロ原子を有する5もしくは6員の単環式または9もしくは10員の二環式のヘテロアリールであり、該ヘテロアリールは、1または2個のR x 基で必要に応じて置換され、かつ1個のR a 基で必要に応じて置換され、ここで、各R x は、環炭素原子に結合し、R a は、環窒素原子に結合し;
ここで、
R x の各場合は、独立して、−F、−Cl、−CH 3 、−CFH 2 、−CF 2 H、−CF 3 、−OH、−OCH 3 、−OCF 3 または−CNであり;
R a は、水素、C 1−4 アルキル、C 3−4 シクロアルキルまたは−S(O) 2 −C 1−4 アルキルである、
化学的実体。
(項目2)
Zが、環炭素原子および2個の環窒素ヘテロ原子を有する9員の必要に応じて置換されている二環式芳香族複素環系である、項目1に記載の化学的実体。
(項目3)
Zが、環炭素原子および3個の環窒素ヘテロ原子を有する9員の必要に応じて置換されている二環式芳香族複素環系である、項目1に記載の化学的実体。
(項目4)
Zが、環炭素原子および4個の環窒素ヘテロ原子を有する9員の必要に応じて置換されている二環式芳香族複素環系である、項目1に記載の化学的実体。
(項目5)
Zが、環炭素原子、1個の環窒素原子および0または1個のさらなる環窒素原子を有する6員の必要に応じて置換されている単環式芳香族複素環系である、項目1に記載の化学的実体。
(項目6)
Zが、環炭素原子および2個の環窒素原子を有する6員の必要に応じて置換されている単環式芳香族複素環系である、項目5に記載の化学的実体。
(項目7)
Zが、環炭素原子および2個の環窒素原子を有する6員の単環式芳香族複素環系であり、Zが、1または2個のR x 基で必要に応じて置換されている、項目6に記載の化学的実体。
(項目8)
Zが、環炭素原子および2個の環窒素原子を有する6員の単環式芳香族複素環系であり、Zが、1または2個のR x 基で置換されている、項目7に記載の化学的実体。
(項目9)
Zが、環炭素原子および2個の環窒素原子を有する6員の単環式芳香族複素環系であり、Zが、1つのR x 基で置換されている、項目8に記載の化学的実体。
(項目10)
R x が、−CH 3 、−CFH 2 、−CF 2 Hまたは−CF 3 から選択される、項目7〜9のいずれか1項に記載の化学的実体。
(項目11)
R 1 が、必要に応じて置換されている(アリール)アルキルである、項目1〜10に記載の化学的実体。
(項目12)
R 1 が、必要に応じて置換されているベンジルである、項目11に記載の化学的実体。
(項目13)
式(II):
の項目12に記載の化学的実体であって、式中、R 5 、R 6 およびR 7 は、独立して、−H、−F、−Cl、C 1 −C 4 アルキル、シクロプロピル、−C≡CH、−CFH 2 、−CF 2 H、−CF 3 、−CF 2 CH 3 、−CH 2 CF 3 、C 1 −C 4 アルコキシ、−OCFH 2 、−OCF 2 H、−OCF 3 、−CN、−N(R 2 )(R 3 )、−NO 2 、C 1 −C 4 アルキルチオ、C 1 −C 4 アルキルスルホニルまたは−S(O) 2 CF 3 であり;ここで、R 2 およびR 3 の各場合は、独立して、−HまたはC 1 −C 4 アルキルであるか、または
−N(R 2 )(R 3 )は、
である、
項目12に記載の化学的実体。
(項目14)
R 5 、R 6 およびR 7 の各々が、独立して、−H、−F、−Cl、−CH 3 、−CFH 2 、−CF 2 H、−CF 3 、−CH 2 CH 3 、−CF 2 CH 3 、−CH 2 CF 3 、イソプロピル、tert−ブチル、シクロプロピル、−OCF 3 、−OCF 2 H、−SCH 3 、−SCH 2 CH 3 、−S(O) 2 CH 3 、−S(O) 2 CH 2 CH 3 、S(O) 2 CF 3 または−C≡CHである、項目13に記載の化学的実体。
(項目15)
R 5 、R 6 およびR 7 の各々が、独立して、−H、−F、−Cl、−CH 3 、−CFH 2 、−CF 2 H、−CF 3 、−CH 2 CH 3 、−CF 2 CH 3 、−CH 2 CF 3 、シクロプロピル、−OCF 3 、−OCF 2 H、−SCH 3 、−S(O) 2 CH 3 または−C≡CHである、項目14に記載の化学的実体。
(項目16)
R 5 が、−H、−F、−Cl、−CH 3 、−CFH 2 、−CF 2 H、−CF 3 、−CH 2 CH 3 、−CF 2 CH 3 、−CH 2 CF 3 、シクロプロピル、−OCF 3 、−OCF 2 H、−SCH 3 、−S(O) 2 CH 3 または−C≡CHであり;
R 6 が、−Hまたは−Fであり;
R 7 が、−H、−F、−Clまたは−CH 3 である、
項目15に記載の化学的実体。
(項目17)
Zが、Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4、Z5、Z6、Z7、Z8、Z9、Z10、Z11、Z12、Z13、Z14、Z15、Z16、Z17、Z18、Z19またはZ20である、項目13〜16のいずれかに記載の化学的実体。
(項目18)
Zが、Z1、Z2、Z5、Z6、Z8、Z17またはZ19である、項目17に記載の化学的実体。
(項目19)
Zが、Z21、Z22、Z23、Z24、Z25、Z26、Z27、Z28、Z29、Z30、Z31、Z32、Z33、Z34、Z35またはZ36である、項目13〜16のいずれかに記載の化学的実体。
(項目20)
Zが、Z21、Z22、Z24、Z29、Z30、Z35またはZ36である、項目19に記載の化学的実体。
(項目21)
項目1〜20のいずれか1項に記載の化学的実体および薬学的に許容され得るキャリアを含む、薬学的組成物。
(項目22)
経口投与に適している、項目21に記載の薬学的組成物。
(項目23)
NR2B拮抗作用に応答性である疾患または障害の処置を必要とする被験体においてNR2B拮抗作用に応答性である疾患または障害を処置する方法であって、項目1〜20のいずれか1項に記載の化学的実体の有効量を投与する工程を含む、方法。
(項目24)
前記疾患または障害が、うつ病、疼痛、パーキンソン病、ハンチントン病、アルツハイマー病、脳虚血、外傷性脳損傷、てんかんまたは片頭痛である、項目23に記載の方法。
(項目25)
前記疾患または障害が、うつ病である、項目24に記載の方法。
Claims (25)
- 式I:
R1は、アルキル、シクロアルキル、(シクロアルキル)アルキル、ヘテロシクリル、(ヘテロシクリル)アルキル、アリール、(アリール)アルキル、ヘテロアリールまたは(ヘテロアリール)アルキルであり、
ここで、シクロアルキル、(シクロアルキル)アルキル、ヘテロシクリル、(ヘテロシクリル)アルキル、アリール、(アリール)アルキル、ヘテロアリールおよび(ヘテロアリール)アルキルの各々は、独立して、−F、−Cl、C1−C4アルキル、シクロプロピル、−C≡CH、−CFH2、−CF2H、−CF3、−CF2CH3、−CH2CF3、C1−C4アルコキシ、−OCFH2、−OCF2H、−OCF3、−CN、−N(R2)(R3)、−NO2、C1−C4アルキルチオ、C1−C4アルキルスルホニルおよび−S(O)2CF3から独立して選択される1〜3個の基で必要に応じて置換され;
ここで、R2およびR3の各場合は、独立して、−HまたはC1−C4アルキルであるか、または
−N(R2)(R3)は、
Zは、環炭素原子、1個の窒素環原子、ならびにN、OおよびSから独立して選択される0〜3個のさらなる環ヘテロ原子を有する5もしくは6員の単環式または9もしくは10員の二環式のヘテロアリールであり、該ヘテロアリールは、1または2個のRx基で必要に応じて置換され、かつ1個のRa基で必要に応じて置換され、ここで、各Rxは、環炭素原子に結合し、Raは、環窒素原子に結合し;
ここで、
Rxの各場合は、独立して、−F、−Cl、−CH3、−CFH2、−CF2H、−CF3、−OH、−OCH3、−OCF3または−CNであり;
Raは、C1−4アルキル、C3−4シクロアルキルまたは−S(O)2−C1−4アルキルである、
化学的実体。 - Zが、環炭素原子および2個の環窒素ヘテロ原子を有する9員の必要に応じて置換されている二環式芳香族複素環系である、請求項1に記載の化学的実体。
- Zが、環炭素原子および3個の環窒素ヘテロ原子を有する9員の必要に応じて置換されている二環式芳香族複素環系である、請求項1に記載の化学的実体。
- Zが、環炭素原子および4個の環窒素ヘテロ原子を有する9員の必要に応じて置換されている二環式芳香族複素環系である、請求項1に記載の化学的実体。
- Zが、環炭素原子、1個の環窒素原子および0または1個のさらなる環窒素原子を有する6員の必要に応じて置換されている単環式芳香族複素環系である、請求項1に記載の化学的実体。
- Zが、環炭素原子および2個の環窒素原子を有する6員の必要に応じて置換されている単環式芳香族複素環系である、請求項5に記載の化学的実体。
- Zが、環炭素原子および2個の環窒素原子を有する6員の単環式芳香族複素環系であり、Zが、1または2個のRx基で必要に応じて置換されている、請求項6に記載の化学的実体。
- Zが、環炭素原子および2個の環窒素原子を有する6員の単環式芳香族複素環系であり、Zが、1または2個のRx基で置換されている、請求項7に記載の化学的実体。
- Zが、環炭素原子および2個の環窒素原子を有する6員の単環式芳香族複素環系であり、Zが、1つのRx基で置換されている、請求項8に記載の化学的実体。
- Rxが、−CH3、−CFH2、−CF2Hまたは−CF3から選択される、請求項7〜9のいずれか1項に記載の化学的実体。
- R1が、必要に応じて置換されている(アリール)アルキルである、請求項1〜10に記載の化学的実体。
- R1が、必要に応じて置換されているベンジルである、請求項11に記載の化学的実体。
- R5、R6およびR7の各々が、独立して、−H、−F、−Cl、−CH3、−CFH2、−CF2H、−CF3、−CH2CH3、−CF2CH3、−CH2CF3、イソプロピル、tert−ブチル、シクロプロピル、−OCF3、−OCF2H、−SCH3、−SCH2CH3、−S(O)2CH3、−S(O)2CH2CH3、S(O)2CF3または−C≡CHである、請求項13に記載の化学的実体。
- R5、R6およびR7の各々が、独立して、−H、−F、−Cl、−CH3、−CFH2、−CF2H、−CF3、−CH2CH3、−CF2CH3、−CH2CF3、シクロプロピル、−OCF3、−OCF2H、−SCH3、−S(O)2CH3または−C≡CHである、請求項14に記載の化学的実体。
- R5が、−H、−F、−Cl、−CH3、−CFH2、−CF2H、−CF3、−CH2CH3、−CF2CH3、−CH2CF3、シクロプロピル、−OCF3、−OCF2H、−SCH3、−S(O)2CH3または−C≡CHであり;
R6が、−Hまたは−Fであり;
R7が、−H、−F、−Clまたは−CH3である、
請求項15に記載の化学的実体。 - Zが、Z1、Z2、Z3、Z4、Z5、Z6、Z7、Z8、Z9、Z10、Z11、Z12、Z13、Z14、Z15、Z16、Z17、Z18、Z19またはZ20である、請求項13〜16のいずれかに記載の化学的実体。
- Zが、Z1、Z2、Z5、Z6、Z8、Z17またはZ19である、請求項17に記載の化学的実体。
- Zが、Z21、Z22、Z23、Z24、Z25、Z26、Z27、Z28、Z29、Z30、Z31、Z32、Z33、Z34、Z35またはZ36である、請求項13〜16のいずれかに記載の化学的実体。
- Zが、Z21、Z22、Z24、Z29、Z30、Z35またはZ36である、請求項19に記載の化学的実体。
- 請求項1〜20のいずれか1項に記載の化学的実体および薬学的に許容され得るキャリアを含む、薬学的組成物。
- 経口投与に適している、請求項21に記載の薬学的組成物。
- NR2B拮抗作用に応答性である疾患または障害の処置を必要とする被験体においてNR2B拮抗作用に応答性である疾患または障害を処置する方法であって、請求項1〜20のいずれか1項に記載の化学的実体の有効量を投与する工程を含む、方法。
- 前記疾患または障害が、うつ病、疼痛、パーキンソン病、ハンチントン病、アルツハイマー病、脳虚血、外傷性脳損傷、てんかんまたは片頭痛である、請求項23に記載の方法。
- 前記疾患または障害が、うつ病である、請求項24に記載の方法。
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