JP2018505834A - 耐火物およびその使用 - Google Patents
耐火物およびその使用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
ファイアライトスラグ溶融物に対する補強効果および非鉄金属溶融物に対する耐濡れ性効果。
スラグ成分からバッチおよび/またはSiO2に添加されたSiO2を有するフォルステライトの形成;これに起因して、多孔性の低下と、フォルステライト特性の達成。
構造物と接触する、溶融製錬プロセスの非粘性非鉄金属酸化物溶融物または非鉄金属酸化鉄溶融物の還元。
シリカ粉塵は、超微非結晶アモルファスSiO2パウダーである。これは、元素ケイ素またはケイ素合金の製造中、副生成物として電気アーク炉内に形成される。シリカ粉塵は、例えば、シリカ粉塵またはマイクロシリカの商品名で市販されており、一般的に85wt%を超えるSiO2を有する。シリカ粉塵(シリカヒューメとも呼ばれる)の粒径は、一般的に、1mm未満である。英語の用語は「silica fume」である。
焼成ケイ酸は、高純度SiO2パウダーである。これは、例えば、99wt%までのSiO2含有量と、一般的に、5〜50nmの粒径と、50〜600m2/gの高比表面積とを有する。これらのケイ酸は、火炎加水分解によって製造される。焼成ケイ酸は、例えば、エアロシル(Aerosil)の商品名で市販されている。英語の用語は「fumed silica」である。
湿式法を用いる沈降ケイ酸の製造において、方法は、アルカリケイ酸溶液から開始する。その溶液から、高純度アモルファスケイ酸は、酸(86〜88wt%SiO2;10〜12wt%水)の添加によって沈殿される。粒径は1〜200μmであり、比表面積は10〜500m2/gである。沈降ケイ酸は、例えば、“シペルナット(Sipernat)”または“ウルトラシル(Ultrasil)”という商品名で市販されている。水分の含有量に関わらず、これらのケイ酸は、液体ではなく、むしろ乾燥した粉末状である。
オリビン原料: 15〜74wt%(特に、30〜65wt%)
マグネシア粉末: 25〜55wt%(特に、30〜50wt%)
還元反応物質(特に、カーボン(特に、グラファイト)):1〜30wt%(特に、5〜20wt%)
微粒子ケイ酸: 0〜10wt%(特に、0.5〜6wt%)
SiC: 0〜15wt%(特に、0〜10wt%)
酸化防止剤: 0〜4wt%(特に、0.5〜2.5wt%)
粗粒耐火材料粒状体: 0〜4wt%(特に、0.1〜3.5wt%)
耐火微粒子材料 0〜4wt%(特に、0.1〜3.5wt%)
耐火物用添加剤: 0〜2wt%(特に、0.1〜1.5wt%)
耐火物用バインダー: 0〜10wt%特に、0.1〜6wt%)
粗密度: 2.65〜2.85kg/m3
寒冷昇圧強度: 40〜100MPa(特に、60〜85MPa)
寒冷昇圧強度: 30〜80MPa(特に、40〜70MPa)
寒冷昇圧強度: 30〜180MPa(特に、50〜150MPa)
ボルナイト Cu5FeS4
Cu2S
ウルツ鉱 Zn0.6Fe0.4S
キュプロスピネル CuFe2O4
銅 Cu
デラホサイト CuFeO2
キュプロスピネル CuFe2O4
赤銅鉱 Cu2O
銅 Cu
SiO2 0.29%
Al2O3 0.17%
Fe2O3 14.50%
Cr2O3 0.00%
TiO2 0.00%
CaO 0.05%
MgO 0.09%
SO3 27.40%
NiO 0.00%
CuO 56.20%
ZnO 0.57%
PbO 0.32%
SiO2 13.60%
Al2O3 0.34%
Fe2O3 33.60%
Cr2O3 0.16%
TiO2 0.00%
CaO 0.09%
MgO 0.29%
SO3 0.07%
NiO 0.28%
CuO 48.20%
ZnO 0.89%
PbO 1.51%
Claims (14)
- 耐火性鉱物材料の乾燥鉱物バッチの形態の耐火物であって、
工業用非鉄金属製錬炉の災側のライニング用の耐火物は、前記耐火性鉱物材料から製造され、長期間、ファイアライトスラグ、硫化物溶融物(マット)、硫酸塩および非鉄金属溶融物に対して耐性を有し、
前記耐火物は、少なくとも、
‐主成分として、少なくとも1つの粗粒オリビン原料と、
‐マグネシア粉末(MgO粉末)と、
‐製錬工程(現場で)中、非鉄金属酸化物溶融物および/または非鉄金属酸化鉄溶融物を還元し、それらを非鉄金属溶融物に転換するように作用する少なくとも1つの耐火性試薬と、を有することを特徴とする耐火物。 - 前記試薬は、微粒カーボン(特に、グラファイトおよび/またはカーボンブラックおよび/または無煙炭および/またはコークス、好ましくは、グラファイト)である請求項1に記載の耐火物。
- 前記耐火物は、以下の乾燥物質組成物によって特徴付けられる請求項1または2に記載の耐火物。
−特に70wt%(特に、75wt%)を超えるフォルステライトを有する、15〜74wt%(特に、30〜65wt%)のオリビン原料
−特に90wt%(特に、95wt%)を超えるMgOを有する、25〜55wt%(特に、30〜50wt%)のマグネシア粉末
−1〜30wt%(特に、5〜20wt%)の試薬 - 前記バッチは、好ましくは15wt%(特に、10wt%)までの量で、SiCをさらに含有する請求項1ないし3のいずれかに記載の耐火物。
- 前記バッチは、水が前記バッチに添加されたとき、前記MgO粉末と反応する少なくとも1種の微粒子ケイ酸をさらに含有し、好ましくは10wt%(特に、0.5〜6wt%)までの量で、ケイ酸マグネシウム水和物相を形成する請求項1ないし4のいずれかに記載の耐火物。
- 前記バッチは、好ましくは10wt%(特に、6wt%)までの量で、乾燥微粒子形態の、耐火物用の少なくとも1つの既知のバインダーをさらに含有する請求項1ないし5のいずれかに記載の耐火物。
- 前記バインダーは、カーボン(特に、タールおよび/またはピッチ、好ましくは、合成樹脂バインダー)を含むバインダーである請求項6に記載の耐火物。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の耐火性バッチから製造された、成形耐火レンガの形態の生産物であって、
前記生産物は、成形フレッシュマスを形成するために、前記バッチを耐火物用の液体バインダーおよび/または水と混合し、前記フレッシュマスを押圧し、好ましくは、前記レンガを乾燥および/または焼き戻すことによって製造され、
前記レンガは、レンガ構造において、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の成分を少なくとも有することを特徴とする生産物。 - 少なくとも1つのバインダー相を有し、
前記少なくとも1つのバインダー相は、前記耐火物用のバインダーから硬化され、バッチ粒子を強固に接続する請求項8に記載の生産物。 - 前記レンガは、セラミック焼成され、バッチ粒子間に焼結ブリッジを有する請求項8または9に記載の生産物。
- 前記バインダー相は、コークス構造を有する請求項8ないし10のいずれかに記載の生産物。
- 前記バインダー相は、ケイ酸マグネシウム水和物を含有する請求項8、9または11に記載の生産物。
- 請求項8ないし12のいずれか一項に記載の前記耐火レンガから構築され、工業用非鉄金属製錬炉(特に、銅製錬炉)における災側の耐火石細工の形態の耐火物。
- 工業用非鉄金属製錬炉(特に、銅製錬炉)のモノリシックな災側の耐火ライニングの形態の耐火物であって、
前記耐火物は、フレッシュマスを形成するために、請求項1ないし7のいずれか一項に記載の前記バッチを、水および/または耐火物用液体バインダーと混合し、前記炎側の前記フレッシュマスで前記工業用非鉄金属製錬炉の内壁をライニングし、好ましくは、前記ライニングを乾燥および/または焼戻しすることにより製造されることを特徴とする耐火物。
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