JP2018501782A - 運動ニューロン前駆細胞を持続的に成長させる方法及び医薬組成物 - Google Patents
運動ニューロン前駆細胞を持続的に成長させる方法及び医薬組成物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
米国のコロンビア大学から、HB9::GFP遺伝子組換えマウスから分離したHB9遺伝子組換え胚性幹細胞(以下、HB9::GFP 胚性幹細胞と略称する)を入手し、該細胞は運動ニューロン前駆細胞及び成熟運動ニューロン(以下、HB9::GFP+ 細胞と略称する)に分化できる。
約250〜300グラムのSDラット(Sprague−Dawley Rat)を用いて、該ラットの嗅粘膜(olfactory mucosa、OM)又は嗅球から嗅神経鞘細胞を分離した。該嗅神経鞘細胞を選択培地において連続的に培養して、顕微鏡下で4日目と7日目の細胞外形を観察し、結果を図1に示す。図1から明らかなように、該嗅神経鞘細胞は典型的な紡錘状である。
図4に示すように、実施例1におけるマウス由来のHB9::GFP胚性幹細胞とマウス骨芽細胞株(PA6細胞)を先行文献(Pan HC et al., 2011)に開示された下記培養プロセスによって共培養する。0−3日に10%のKSR(Knockout serum replacement)培地、3−5日にレチノイン酸を含有するKSR培地、5−7日にレチノイン酸及び2,6,9−三置換プリン化合物を含有するNB培地(neurobasal medium、Invitrogen)を用いて、共培養した。次に、NB培地で培養し、8日目の該HB9::GFP+ 細胞を観察して、図5に示す。
図6に示すように、まず、実施例1又は実施例3で開示された方法によりHB9::GFP胚性幹細胞を5日間培養した。この時、緑色蛍光が分化した胚性幹細胞に反映し始め、緑色蛍光を示す細胞は卵円形で、神経突起がなく、従って、この段階の緑色蛍光細胞は運動ニューロン前駆細胞であり、8日間培養した成熟運動ニューロンと異なる。
フローサイトメーター(Influx、nozzle 100 μm、25 psi、Becton−Dickinson)を用いて、嗅神経鞘細胞と共培養して得た単一の5世代目のHB9::GFP+ 細胞を選別した。選別した該HB9::GFP+ 細胞をPA6細胞に接種して、3日間培養後、観察したところ、大部分の細胞が、図9に示すように、迅速に軸索を延ばして、成熟運動ニューロンになり、分化した運動ニューロンとして典型的な形態を示す。図9に示すように、嗅神経鞘細胞で増殖するHB9::GFP+ 細胞はまだ分化能力を維持し、成熟運動ニューロンに分化できる。
本実施例では、脊髄損傷動物モデルの作成方法について、先行文献(Cheng FC、 et al., 2012; Cheng FC et al., 2010; Yang DY et al., 2012)を参照すればよい。
実施例6で作成した脊髄損傷ラットを4群に分けて、脊髄損傷2週間後、該ラットのそれぞれについて脊椎T7−T8で完全椎弓切除術を行って、損傷を引き起こす脊髄前角(ventral horn)及び反対側の健康な部位で、条件が異なる細胞移植を行い、そのうち、第1群では、2μlのリン酸塩緩衝液を用い、第2群では、5x105個の嗅神経鞘細胞を移植し、第3群では、5x105個のHB9::GFP+ 細胞を移植し、第4群では、2.5x105個の移植嗅神経鞘細胞を用いて2.5 x105個のHB9::GFP+ 細胞を1日間前処理(pretreatment)して、HB9::GFP+細胞を複製させ、次に移植する。
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Claims (15)
- 運動ニューロン前駆細胞を持続的に成長させる方法であって、
運動ニューロン前駆細胞を嗅神経鞘細胞で構築された培養ニッチにおいて培養して、該運動ニューロン前駆細胞が自己複製を維持するとともに成熟運動神経細胞への分化能力を有するようにすることを特徴とする方法。 - 前記培養ニッチは嗅神経鞘細胞を含む培地であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の運動ニューロン前駆細胞の活性を持続的に維持する方法。
- 前記培養ニッチは嗅神経鞘細胞を前処理したものの、嗅神経鞘細胞を含まない培地であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の運動ニューロン前駆細胞の活性を持続的に維持する方法。
- 低密度で培養することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の運動ニューロン前駆細胞の活性を持続的に維持する方法。
- 高密度で培養することを特徴とする請求項3に記載の運動ニューロン前駆細胞の活性を持続的に維持する方法。
- 少なくとも1つの前記運動ニューロン前駆細胞を嗅神経鞘細胞に接種して培養することを特徴とする請求項2に記載の運動ニューロン前駆細胞の活性を持続的に維持する方法。
- 前記運動ニューロン前駆細胞を前記培養ニッチにおいて連続的に10世代以上拡大培養することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の運動ニューロン前駆細胞の活性を持続的に維持する方法。
- 単一の前記運動ニューロン前駆細胞が前記培養ニッチで細胞コミュニティー(cell community)を形成することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の運動ニューロン前駆細胞を持続的に成長させる方法。
- 有効量の運動ニューロン前駆細胞及び少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容可能な担体を含む医薬組成物であって、
前記運動ニューロン前駆細胞を嗅神経鞘細胞で構築されたニッチにおいて前処理することを特徴とする医薬組成物。 - 前記運動ニューロン前駆細胞を嗅神経鞘細胞で前処理することを特徴とする請求項9に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記運動ニューロン前駆細胞を、嗅神経鞘細胞を先に処理して得た培地で前処理することを特徴とする請求項9に記載の医薬組成物。
- さらに嗅神経鞘細胞を含有することを特徴とする請求項9に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記運動ニューロン前駆細胞と前記嗅神経鞘細胞を等比率にして前処理することを特徴とする請求項9に記載の医薬組成物。
- 請求項9に記載の医薬組成物の運動ニューロン疾患を治療する薬物の製造における用途。
- 前記疾患は、脳卒中、脊髄損傷、退行性神経疾患、筋萎縮性側索硬化症及び運動ニューロンが死亡していくことを症状とする疾患からなる群から選ばれることを特徴とする請求項14に記載の用途。
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