JP2018168198A - 低分子量絹組成物および絹組成物の安定化 - Google Patents
低分子量絹組成物および絹組成物の安定化 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
本発明は、DARPAによって授与された認可番号SB112−005およびNIHによって授与された認可番号P41 EB002520の下での政府支援によって行われた。政府は、本発明においてある特定の権利を有する。
活性作用物質および/または生体試料の安定化およびその後の回収は、多くの用途の極めて重要なフィーチャであり、理由は、活性作用物質および/または生体試料が、周囲条件、例えば、温度、湿度、および/または光の変化に対して通常不安定で感受性であるためである。活性作用物質または生体試料が所与の反応にとって有用であると同定されていても、その適用は、プロセス条件下での長期安定性の欠如によって妨害されることが多い。
本開示は、新規かつ/または予想外の構造的および/または機能的特性および/または性質を有するある特定の絹フィブロイン組成物を提供する。本開示は、このような組成物を作製および/または使用する方法、ならびにこれらで構成され、またはこれらから構成される物品を提供する。一部の実施形態では、提供される組成物は、活性な(例えば、生物学的な)作用物質または構成成分を含む。一部の実施形態では、活性作用物質または構成成分は、例えば、絹フィブロインならびに/または特定の構造的および/もしくは機能的特性および/もしくは性質の項目を欠くその他は同等の条件と比較して、組成物中で安定化されている。
本発明の実施形態において、例えば以下の項目が提供される。
(項目1)
ある範囲の分子量を有する絹フィブロイン断片の集団を含む低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物であって、
前記集団中の前記絹フィブロイン断片の総数の15%以下が、200kDaを超える分子量を有し、
前記集団中の前記絹フィブロイン断片の前記総数の少なくとも50%が、指定範囲内の分子量を有し、
前記指定範囲が、約3.5kDa以上の下限と約120kDa以下の上限との間であることを特徴とする低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物。
(項目2)
前記指定範囲の前記下限が、3.5、5、10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45、50、55、60、65、70、75、80、85、90、95、100、105、110、または115kDaであり、
前記指定範囲の前記上限が、10、15、20、25、30、35、40、45、50、55、60、65、70、75、80、85、90、95、100、105、110、115、または120kDaである、
項目1に記載の低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物。
(項目3)
前記指定範囲が、(i)約5〜120kDaの間;(ii)約10〜120kDaの間;(iii)約15〜120kDaの間;(iv)20〜120kDaの間;(v)20〜110kDaの間;(vi)約20〜100kDaの間;(vii)約20〜90kDaの間;(viii)約20〜80kDaの間;(ix)約30〜120kDaの間;(x)約30〜100kDaの間;(xi)約30〜90kDaの間;(xii)約30〜80kDaの間;(xiii)約40〜100kDaの間;および(xiv)約40〜90kDaの間である、項目1または2に記載の低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物。
(項目4)
総絹フィブロイン断片集団の約35%以下が、約120kDa〜約200kDaの範囲内の分子量を有する、項目1から3のいずれかに記載の低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物。(項目5)
前記集団中の前記絹フィブロイン断片の前記総数の少なくとも55%、少なくとも60%、少なくとも65%、少なくとも70%、少なくとも75%、少なくとも80%、または少なくとも85%が、前記指定範囲の分子量を有する、項目1から4のいずれかに記載の低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物。
(項目6)
前記組成物が溶液である、項目1から5のいずれかに記載の低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物。
(項目7)
前記組成物が固体形態にある、項目1から5のいずれかに記載の低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物。
(項目8)
前記低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物が参照絹フィブロイン組成物の水溶性より高い水溶性を有することを特徴とする、項目7に記載の低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物。
(項目9)
前記低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物が約1mg/s〜約100mg/sの溶解速度を有することを特徴とする、項目7に記載の低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物。
(項目10)
項目1から5のいずれか一項に記載の低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物を含む絹フィブロイン水溶液。
(項目11)
前記絹フィブロインが、約0.1%wt/v〜約50%wt/vの濃度で前記溶液中に存在する、項目10に記載の絹フィブロイン水溶液。
(項目12)
前記絹フィブロイン水溶が少なくとも3日間、少なくとも7日間、または少なくとも2週間、安定なままであることを特徴とする、項目10に記載の絹フィブロイン水溶液。
(項目13)
項目1から5のいずれかに記載の低分子絹フィブロイン組成物を含む絹フィブロイン物品であって、フィルム、シート、ゲルまたはヒドロゲル、メッシュ、マット、不織マット、布地、スキャフォールド、チューブ、ブロック、繊維、粒子、粉末、3次元構築物、インプラント、発泡体、針、凍結乾燥物品、およびこれらの任意の組合せからなる群から選択される形態にある、絹フィブロイン物品。
(項目14)
前記絹フィブロイン物品が、水中に再可溶化して絹フィブロイン凝集体を実質的に含まない絹フィブロイン溶液を形成する能力によって特徴付けられる、項目13に記載の物品。
(項目15)
絹フィブロイン粒子を含む組成物であって、前記絹フィブロイン粒子が、項目1から5のいずれか一項に記載の低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物を含む、組成物。
(項目16)
前記組成物が少なくとも1カ月にわたって保存安定性であることを特徴とする、項目15に記載の組成物。
(項目17)
項目1から5のいずれかに記載の低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物および前記低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物中に分布した活性作用物質を含む組成物。
(項目18)
前記組成物が溶液、フィルム、シート、ゲルまたはヒドロゲル、メッシュ、マット、不織マット、布地、スキャフォールド、チューブ、ブロック、繊維、粒子、粉末、3次元構築物、インプラント、発泡体、針、凍結乾燥物品、およびこれらの任意の組合せからなる群から選択される形態にある、項目17に記載の組成物。
(項目19)
前記組成物が溶液である、項目17に記載の組成物。
(項目20)
前記組成物が固体形態にある、項目17に記載の組成物。
(項目21)
前記組成物が、水中に再可溶化して絹フィブロイン凝集体を実質的に含まない絹フィブロイン溶液を形成する能力によって特徴付けられる、項目20に記載の組成物。
(項目22)
検出可能な量の前記活性作用物質が、前記組成物の再可溶化の後に回収され得る、項目21に記載の組成物。
(項目23)
項目1から5のいずれか一項に記載の低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物、および基材を含む物品であって、前記絹フィブロイン断片が、前記基材中に分散しているか、前記基材上に沈着しているか、またはこれらの組合せである、物品。
(項目24)
前記基材が、固体多孔質基材であるか、またはそれを含む、項目23に記載の物品。
(項目25)
前記固体多孔質基材が紙を含む、項目24に記載の物品。
(項目26)
絹フィブロイン溶液を形成する方法であって、水中に非飽和濃度で項目14に記載の絹フィブロイン物品または項目21に記載の組成物を溶解させ、それによって絹フィブロイン凝集体を実質的に含まない絹フィブロイン溶液を形成するステップを含む、方法。
(項目27)
前記溶液中の溶解した絹フィブロインが、安定なままである、項目26に記載の方法。(項目28)
ある時間にわたって作用物質を安定化させる方法であって、前記作用物質を項目1から5のいずれかに記載の低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物と接触させ、その結果、作用物質含有組成物が形成されるステップを含む、方法。
(項目29)
前記低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物が、溶媒を実質的に含まず、かつ/または前記接触させるステップが、溶媒を実質的に含まない条件下で実施される、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目30)
前記低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物およびその中に分布した前記作用物質を含む絹フィブロイン溶液または絹フィブロイン物品を形成するステップをさらに含む、項目29に記載の方法。
(項目31)
室温またはそれ超で、ある時間にわたって前記絹フィブロイン溶液を維持するステップをさらに含む、項目26に記載の方法。
(項目32)
室温またはそれ超で、ある時間にわたって前記作用物質含有組成物を維持するステップをさらに含む、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目33)
ある時間にわたって水溶液中で作用物質を安定化させる方法であって、前記作用物質を項目10から12のいずれかに記載の絹フィブロイン水溶液と接触させるステップを含む、方法。
(項目34)
前記低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物およびその中に分布した前記作用物質を含む絹フィブロイン物品を形成するステップをさらに含む、項目28に記載の方法。
(項目35)
室温またはそれ超で、ある時間にわたって前記絹フィブロイン溶液または前記絹フィブロイン物品中で前記作用物質を維持するステップをさらに含む、項目34に記載の方法。(項目36)
前記時間が、約24時間もしくはそれ超、または約1週間もしくはそれ超である、項目31に記載の方法。
(項目37)
前記時間が、約24時間もしくはそれ超、または約1週間もしくはそれ超である、項目32に記載の方法。
(項目38)
前記時間が、約24時間もしくはそれ超、または約1週間もしくはそれ超である、項目35に記載の方法。
(項目39)
少なくとも1種の活性作用物質を回収する方法であって、
組成物中に分布した少なくとも1種の活性作用物質を含む固体絹フィブロイン組成物を準備するステップと、
水中に前記組成物の少なくとも一部分を溶解させ、それによって絹フィブロインおよび検出可能な量の前記少なくとも1種の活性作用物質を含む試料溶液を形成するステップとを含む、方法。
(項目40)
前記少なくとも1種の活性作用物質が、血液もしくは血液構成成分であるか、または血液もしくは血液構成成分を含む、項目39に記載の方法。
(項目41)
前記絹フィブロイン組成物が、ある範囲の分子量を有する絹フィブロイン断片の集団から構成されているという点で低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物であり、
前記集団中の前記絹フィブロイン断片の総数の15%以下が、200kDaを超える分子量を有し、
前記集団中の前記絹フィブロイン断片の前記総数の少なくとも50%が、指定範囲内の分子量を有し、
前記指定範囲が、約3.5kDa以上の下限と約120kDa以下の上限との間であることを特徴とする、項目39または項目40に記載の方法。
(項目42)
前記試料溶液を少なくとも1種の流体工学ベースアッセイに供して、前記少なくとも1種の活性作用物質を検出するステップをさらに含む、項目41に記載の方法。
(項目43)
前記少なくとも1種の活性作用物質が、試料に由来する、項目41に記載の方法。
(項目44)
前記試料が、対象の生体試料に由来する、項目43に記載の方法。
(項目45)
絹フィブロイン組成物の少なくとも1つの性質をモジュレートする方法であって、前記絹フィブロイン組成物中で、200kDaを超える分子量を有する前記組成物中の絹フィブロイン断片と指定範囲内の分子量を有する前記組成物中の絹フィブロイン断片との重量比を変化させるステップを含み、前記指定範囲が、約3.5kDaから約120kDaの間である、方法。
(項目46)
絹粒子のサイズを調節する方法であって、(a)絹フィブロイン溶液中で、200kDaを超える分子量を有する前記溶液中の絹フィブロイン断片と指定範囲内の分子量を有する前記溶液中の絹フィブロイン断片との重量比を変化させるステップであって、前記指定範囲が、約3.5kDaから約120kDaの間である、ステップと、(b)前記絹フィブロイン溶液から前記絹粒子を形成するステップとを含む、方法。
(項目47)
絹フィブロインを含む絹ベース材料および生体試料を含む組成物であって、前記生体試料の少なくとも1種の構成成分の少なくとも1つの性質が、ある時間にわたって安定化され、前記生体試料の前記少なくとも1種の構成成分が、前記時間後に検出可能である、組成物。
(項目48)
前記少なくとも1つの性質が、活性、完全性、量、物理的もしくは構造的性質、化学的性質、生物学的性質、またはこれらの任意の組合せを含む、項目47に記載の組成物。
(項目49)
前記時間が、少なくとも約24時間、または少なくとも約1週間である、項目47または48に記載の組成物。
(項目50)
前記絹ベース材料が、溶液、フィルム、繊維、粒子、ゲル、ヒドロゲル、発泡体、スポンジ、マット、メッシュ、布地、粉末、コーティング層、これらの凍結乾燥形態、およびこれらの任意の組合せからなる群から選択される形態にある、項目47に記載の組成物。(項目51)
前記絹ベース材料が溶解可能である、項目47に記載の組成物。
前記生体試料が、対象から収集される、項目1から6のいずれかに記載の絹ベース材料。(項目52)
前記生体試料が、前記絹ベース材料中に組み込まれる前に予め処理される、項目47に記載の組成物。
(項目53)
前記生体試料が、細胞、組織、血液(例えば、全血、血漿、臍帯血、血小板、および血清を含む)、泌乳産物(例えば、乳)、羊膜液、痰、尿、唾液、粘液、精液、脳脊髄液、気管支吸引液、汗、鼻汁、膣液、液化糞、滑液、リンパ液、涙、気管吸引液、またはこれらの画分もしくはこれらの組合せであるか、またはそれらを含む、項目47に記載の組成物。
(項目54)
前記少なくとも1種の構成成分が、ペプチド、タンパク質、抗体、酵素、アミノ酸、核酸(例えば、ポリヌクレオチド、オリゴヌクレオチド、遺伝子、調節領域および終結領域を含む遺伝子、自己複製系、例えば、ウイルスまたはプラスミドDNAなど、ゲノムDNA、cDNA、mRNA、プレmRNA、一本鎖および二本鎖のsiRNAおよび他のRNA干渉試薬(RNAi剤またはiRNA剤)、shRNA(ショートヘアピンRNA)、アンチセンスオリゴヌクレオチド、アプタマー、リボザイム、マイクロRNA(miRNA)、プレmiRNA、ならびに修飾RNA)、ヌクレオチド、代謝産物、脂質、糖、糖タンパク質、ペプチドグリカン、微生物、細胞、ならびにこれらの任意の組合せからなる群から選択される、項目47に記載の組成物。
(項目55)
前記絹フィブロインと前記生体試料との比が、約1:1000〜約1000:1、または約1:1〜約1000:1である、項目47に記載の組成物。
(項目56)
前記絹ベース材料が、少なくとも約50重量%の絹フィブロインを含む、項目47に記載の組成物。
(項目57)
前記絹ベース材料が、約0.25%〜約50%(w/v)の絹フィブロイン、または約0.5%〜約10%(w/v)の絹フィブロインを含む絹溶液から調製される、項目47に記載の組成物。
(項目58)
基材をさらに含み、前記絹ベース材料が、前記基材の表面上に層を形成する、項目47に記載の組成物。
(項目59)
前記基材が、ディップスティック、セルロースベース製品、マイクロタイタープレート、検体容器、およびこれらの任意の組合せからなる群から選択される、項目58に記載の組成物。
(項目60)
前記生体試料の前記少なくとも1種の構成成分が、
少なくとも1回の凍結融解サイクル;
0℃超の温度;
光(例えば、UV)曝露;
少なくとも約10%の相対湿度;または
これらの任意の組合せ
からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの条件に供される、項目47に記載の組成物。(項目61)
a.絹フィブロインおよび生体試料を含む混合物を準備するステップと、
b.前記混合物から絹ベース材料を形成するステップであって、前記絹ベース材料が、絹フィブロインおよび生体試料を含む、ステップと
を含み、前記生体試料の少なくとも1種の構成成分の少なくとも1つの性質が、ある時間にわたって安定化され、前記試料の前記少なくとも1種の構成成分が、前記時間後に検出可能である、方法。
(項目62)
前記生体試料を前記絹フィブロインと接触させて前記混合物を形成するステップをさらに含む、項目61に記載の方法。
(項目63)
ステップaの前記混合物を乾燥させるステップをさらに含む、項目61に記載の方法。(項目64)
前記乾燥させるステップが、凍結乾燥を含む、項目63に記載の方法。
(項目65)
前記乾燥させるステップが、空気乾燥を含む、項目63に記載の方法。
(項目66)
前記絹ベース材料が、前記混合物に電界をかけることによって形成される、項目61に記載の方法。
(項目67)
前記絹ベース材料を低減して粒子にするステップをさらに含む、任意の項目61に記載の方法。
(項目68)
前記絹ベース材料が、溶液キャスティング、塩浸出、凍結乾燥、ガス形成、エレクトロスピニング、ゲル化、繊維のドローイング、コーティング、吹き付け、微小化、またはこれらの任意の組合せを含むプロセスを使用して調製される、項目61に記載の方法。
(項目69)
生体試料を収集するためのチャンバーを備える生体試料収集デバイスであって、前記チャンバーが絹フィブロインを含む、生体試料収集デバイス。
(項目70)
絹フィブロイン材料を含む生体試料収集デバイスを含むキット。
(項目71)
ゲル化誘導剤を含有する少なくとも1つの容器をさらに含む、項目70に記載のキット。
(項目72)
前記ゲル化誘導剤が、機能的に活性化されたPEG構成成分、pH低減剤、またはこれらの組合せを含む、項目71に記載のキット。
(項目73)
絹可溶化剤を含有する容器をさらに含む、項目70に記載のキット。
(項目74)
前記絹可溶化剤が、水、緩衝液、またはこれらの組合せを含む、項目73に記載のキット。
(項目75)
安定剤を含有する容器をさらに含み、前記安定剤が、生体試料の少なくとも1種の構成成分を安定化させる、項目73に記載のキット。
(項目76)
前記安定剤が、サッカリド、糖アルコール、イオン、界面活性剤、アミノ酸、ヒト血清アルブミン、ウシ血清アルブミン、ゼラチン、およびゼラチン誘導体、抗酸化剤、またはこれらの任意の組合せからなる群から選択される、項目75に記載のキット。
(項目77)
前記安定剤が、ヌクレアーゼまたはプロテイナーゼ阻害剤である、項目75に記載のキット。
(項目78)
前記安定剤が、RNase阻害剤である、項目75に記載のキット。
(項目79)
生体試料の少なくとも1種の構成成分を検出するための作用物質を含有する容器をさらに含む、項目71のいずれかに記載のキット。
(項目80)
前記作用物質が、構成成分精製剤、核酸増幅剤、免疫親和性ベース検出剤、またはこれらの任意の組合せからなる群から選択される、項目79に記載のキット。
(項目81)
項目47に記載の組成物を準備するステップと、
前記生体試料の少なくとも1種の構成成分を少なくとも1種の分析に供するステップとを含む方法。
別段に述べられていない限り、または文脈から暗黙でない限り、以下の用語および語句は、以下に提供される意味を含む。別段に明示的に述べられていない限り、または文脈から明らかでない限り、以下の用語および語句は、その用語または語句が、それが属する技術分野で得られた意味を除外しない。定義は、特定の実施形態を説明するのに役立つように提供されており、特許請求に係る発明を限定するように意図されていない。理由は、本発明の範囲は、特許請求の範囲によってのみ限定されるためである。さらに、文脈によって別段に要求されていない限り、単数形の用語は、複数のものを含むものとし、複数形の用語は、単数形を含むものとする。
成成分(複数可)を参照して使用され、しかもなお、有用であるか否かにかかわらず不特定の要素を含めることを受け入れる。
本発明は、本明細書に記載の特定の方法論、プロトコール、および試薬などに限定されず、したがって、様々となり得ることが理解されるべきである。本明細書で使用する専門用語は、特定の実施形態を記載する目的のためだけであり、特許請求の範囲によってもっぱら定義される本発明の範囲を限定するように意図されていない。
本明細書に提供される一態様は、低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物に関する。本発明の一態様によれば、低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物は、ある範囲の分子量を有する絹フィブロイン断片の集団であって、集団中の絹フィブロイン断片の総数の15%以下が、200kDaを超える分子量を有し、集団中の絹フィブロイン断片の総数の少なくとも50%が、指定範囲内の分子量を有し、指定範囲は、約3.5kDaから約120kDaの間、または約5kDaから約125kDaの間であることを特徴とする、絹フィブロイン断片の集団を含む。
一部の実施形態では、本明細書に提供される低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物は、溶液(本明細書に記載するように安定化および/または分析される作用物質などの作用物質を任意選択で含む)であり得る。したがって、別の態様では、本明細書に記載の低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物の1つまたは複数の実施形態を含む絹フィブロイン水溶液が本明細書に提供される。一部の実施形態では、絹フィブロイン水溶液は、水中で配合され得る。一部の実施形態では、絹フィブロイン水溶液は、緩衝液中で配合され得る。緩衝液の例としては、それだけに限らないが、リン酸緩衝液がある。
一部の実施形態では、本明細書に提供される低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物は、固体絹フィブロイン物品を形成することができる。このような固体絹フィブロイン物品の例として、それだけに限らないが、フィルム、シート、ゲルまたはヒドロゲル、メッシュ、マット、不織マット、布地、スキャフォールド、チューブ、ブロック、繊維、粒子、粉末、3次元構築物、インプラント、発泡体、針、凍結乾燥物品、およびこれらの任意の組合せを挙げることができる。様々な形態の固体絹フィブロイン物品を形成するための方法は、当技術分野で公知であり、いくつかの例示的な方法が、本明細書に以下で記載されている。
安定化されることが望まれる作用物質(例えば、活性作用物質および/または生体試料)の安定化および後続の回収は、多くの用途の極めて重要なフィーチャであり、理由は、活性作用物質および/または生体試料は通常、周辺条件、例えば、温度、湿度、および/または光の変化に対して不安定かつ感受性であるためである。いくつかの以前に記載された方法では、活性作用物質または生体試料が所与の反応にとって有用であると同定されていても、その適用は、プロセス条件下での長期安定性の欠如および/または低回収率によって妨害されることが多い。以下にさらに記載するように、本明細書に記載の本発明の様々な実施形態は、先行技術に存在したこれらの短所に対処する。
絹組成物(例えば、本明細書に記載の低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物)は、様々な活性かつ/または不安定な作用物質のいずれも含み/組み込み得る。
これらに限定されないが、本明細書に記載のような絹フィブロイン組成物(例えば、低分子量絹フィブロイン組成物、および/または生体試料もしくは安定化のための活性作用物質を含む絹フィブロイン組成物)は、任意の形態、形状またはサイズでよい。例えば、組成物は、溶液、繊維、フィルム、シート、繊維、マット、不織マット、メッシュ、布地、スポンジ、発泡体、ゲル、ヒドロゲル、チューブ、粒子(例えば、ナノもしくはマイクロ粒子、ゲル様粒子)、粉末、スキャフォールド、3次元構築物、基材上のコーティング層、または任意のこれらの組合せでよい。
Control Release、2008年;132巻:26〜34頁(絹マイクロ球体またはナノ球体を生成するために吹き付け方法を使用)に記載されている。
073/pnas.1119474109;2012年4月6日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/621,209号;および2013年4月5日に出願されたPCT出願第PCT/US13/35389号に記載されている。
ば、 少なくとも10%、少なくとも15%、少なくとも20%、少なくとも25%、少なくとも30%、少なくとも35%、少なくとも40%、少なくとも45%、少なくとも50%、少なくとも55%、少なくとも60%、少なくとも65%、少なくとも70%、少なくとも75%、少なくとも80%、少なくとも85%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも95%、または少なくとも98%)は、内腔または腔中に存在することができる。一部の実施形態では、全量は、内腔/腔中に存在する。一部の実施形態では、の少なくとも5%、(例えば、 少なくとも10%、少なくとも15%、少なくとも20%、少なくとも25%、少なくとも30%、少なくとも35%、少なくとも40%、少なくとも45%、少なくとも50%、少なくとも55%、少なくとも60%、少なくとも65%、少なくとも70%、少なくとも75%、少なくとも80%、少なくとも85%、少なくとも90%、少なくとも95%、または少なくとも98%)は、マトリックスの絹フィブロインネットワーク(例えば、絹をベースとする材料の非内腔部分)中に存在することができる。
02,145号に記載されている。
のモル比を含む。
理論に束縛されるものではないが、最終の望ましい形状への処理の前の熱または高圧による処置は、絹フィブロインを含む物品を形成することに関連するいくつかの問題を低減させ、または限定することができる。これによって、かなりの気泡、縮み、および変形を伴わずに一貫した幾可学的形状の物品を製造する能力を実現する。これは試験およびインプラント処置のための再現性のある一貫した試料をもたらす。さらに、物品は機械加工することができ、生物学的幾可学的形状の正確な複製、例えば、所望の構築物へと絹ブランクを機械加工するコンピュータ数値調節(CNC)ミルを可能とする。最終の所望の形状への絹フィブロイン物品の処理の前の熱または高圧での処置を含む方法は、例えば、それらの全ての内容の全体が参照により本明細書中に組み込まれている2013年4月5日に出願された米国特許仮出願第61/808,768号、2012年10月26日に出願された同第61/719,146号、2013年4月8日に出願された同第61/809,535号、および2013年9月24日に出願された同第61/881,653号に記載されている。
一部の実施形態では、本明細書に記載されている絹フィブロイン組成物は、少なくとも1種の添加物を含むことができる(例えば、本明細書において考察されているような活性作用物質/試料/構成成分の代用として、もしくはこれらに加えて、または一部の実施形態では、活性作用物質/試料/構成成分は、この用語が本明細書において使用されているように「添加物」であり得る)。本明細書に記載されている様々な態様の一部の実施形態では、絹組成物は、1種または複数(例えば、1種、2種、3種、4種、5種もしくはそれ超)の添加物をさらに含むことができる。理論に束縛されるものではないが、添加物は、1つまたは複数の望ましい性質、例えば、強度、可撓性、処理および取扱いの容易さ、生体適合性、生体吸収性、表面形態、放出速度ならびに/または組成物中に存在する1種もしくは複数の活性作用物質の動態などを実現することができる。添加物は、絹フィブロインと共有結合的または非共有結合的に連結することができ、絹組成物内に均質または不均質に統合することができる。
〜176頁、1972年、東京大学出版会(東京大学の出版会)、日本によって公表;およびOtaらによって記述された「Shinku Gijutsu Koza (8):Sinku Kanso (Lecture on Vacuum Technology(8):Vacuum Drying)」、176〜182頁、1964年に日刊工業新聞社、日本によって公表、に記載されている。
1号):119〜32頁;Hersel U.ら、2003年、Biomaterials. Nov;24巻(24号):4385〜415頁);生物活性のあるリガンド;および細胞内部成長または組織内部成長の特定の変種を増強または排除する物質が含まれる。増殖または分化を増強させる付加的な作用物質の他の例には、これらに限定されないが、骨誘導性物質、例えば、骨形態形成タンパク質(BMP);サイトカイン、増殖因子、例えば、上皮増殖因子(EGF)、血小板由来増殖因子(PDGF)、インスリン様増殖因子(IGF−IおよびII)TGF−β1などが含まれる。
プリムが含まれる。また含まれるのは、メトロニダゾール、フルオロキノロン、およびリファンピン(ritampin)である。
、ナロキソナジン、ナルトレキソン、およびナルトリンドール)、プロカイン、リドカイン(lidocain)、テトラカインおよびジブカインが含まれる。
;ニトロソチオール;ニトレートおよびアントシアニン;ヌクレオシド、例えば、アデノシン;ヌクレオチド、例えば、アデノシン二リン酸(ADP)およびアデノシン三リン酸(ATP);神経伝達物質(neutotransmitter)/神経調節物質、例えば、アセチルコリンおよび5−ヒドロキシトリプタミン(セロトニン/5−HT);ヒスタミンおよびカテコールアミン、例えば、アドレナリンおよびノルアドレナリン;脂質分子、例えば、スフィンゴシン−1−リン酸およびリゾホスファチジン酸;アミノ酸、例えば、アルギニンおよびリシン;ペプチド、例えば、ブラジキニン、サブスタンスPおよびカルシウム遺伝子関連ペプチド(CGRP);一酸化窒素;ならびに任意のこれらの組合せが含まれる。
。
金属キレート剤、例えば、クエン酸、エチレンジアミン四酢酸(EDTA)、ソルビトール、酒石酸、リン酸などが含まれる。
51〜356頁)。推進(または滑走)力を推定するためにハーゲン−ポアズイユ等式を利用することができ、これは、
F=8QμL/πR4×A(等式1)
として表すことができ、式中、Q=体積流量;μ=流体粘度;L=針の長さ;R=針の内径;A=シリンジプランジャーの断面積;F=無摩擦の推進力である。
キット
本明細書に記載されている様々な態様の実施形態によると、絹フィブロインおよび生体試料を含む絹をベースとする材料を形成することは、生体試料の少なくとも1種の構成成分を安定化することができ、これは後の時間における構成成分の検出および/または分析を可能とする。一部の実施形態では、生体試料を含むこれらの絹をベースとする材料は、冷蔵またはフリージングを必要とすることなく貯蔵および/または輸送することができ、これはヒトの健康の診断的評価のために試料の質を維持/保持するために生体試料を現在貯蔵および取り扱う典型的な方法である。したがって、一部の実施形態では、絹をベースとする材料および本明細書に記載されている方法は、診断用途において有用でよい。例えば、生体試料の少なくとも1種の構成成分を診断用途のためにアッセイすることができるように、絹をベースとする材料および方法を使用して、貯蔵および/または輸送の間に、あるいはいつくかの開発途上国において、または連続的な低温貯蔵をサポートする最低限のインフラが存在しない遠隔フィールド条件において、生体試料の質を維持および/または保持することができる。一部の実施形態では、絹をベースとする材料および本明細書に記載されている方法を使用して、従前に記載した下記の条件、すなわち、(a)貯蔵および/または輸送の間に0℃超の温度(例えば、少なくとも約室温またはそれ超);(b)貯蔵および/または輸送の間の光(例えば、UV光、赤外光、および/または可視光)への曝露;ならびに(c)貯蔵および/または輸送の間の少なくとも約10%もしくはそれ超の相対湿度、の少なくとも1つまたは任意の組合せの下で、生体試料の質を維持および/または保持することができる。
絹フィブロインを含む組成物および特徴付けをもたらすために使用される例示的な材料および方法
絹フィブロイン溶液。カイコBombyx moriの繭を、Sofia Sら(2001年)Journal of Biomedical Materials Research、54巻、139〜148頁に記載されているような修正抽出工程により精練した。低分子量絹フィブロインの組成物を作製するための例示的なプロトコールを本明細書で示す。
− 繭を切断し、繭の内部から蛹、蛹の皮膚およびその他の汚れを除去する;
− 約60分間またはそれ超の精練時間を使用して約0.02Mの沸騰炭酸ナトリウム(Na2CO3)溶液中で繭ピースを精練する;
− 水(例えば、Milli−Q water)中で、精練された絹フィブロインを、毎回少なくとも30分間、少なくとも3回濯ぐ。
− 濯いだ絹フィブロインを空気乾燥する。
− 絹フィブロインを、60℃で9.3M臭化リチウム溶液(Sigma Aldrich、MO、USA、ReagentPlus>99%)に溶解し、例えば、Slide−a−Lyzer透析カセット(Thermo Scientific、IL、USA、MWCO 3,500)を用いて、定期的に、例えば6時間毎に水を取り替えながら約2日間、水(例えば、Milli−Q water)に対して透析させる。
− 得られた絹水溶液を、毎回約11,000rpmで20分間、2回遠心分離する。
− 得られた低分子量絹フィブロイン水溶液は7%wt/vol〜9%wt/volの間の絹フィブロインの濃度を有する。この時点までで、この絹フィブロイン溶液を精製したままの溶液と称する。この精製したままの絹フィブロイン溶液をさらにオートクレーブ処理ステップに供することができる。そこで、この絹フィブロイン溶液をオートクレーブ処理した溶液と称する。
− 絹フィブロイン溶液を4℃で保存する。
1)200kDa超(スメア頂部から200kDaのラダー位置まで)
2)200kDa〜116kDa
3)116kDa〜66.3kDa
4)66.3kDa〜36.5kDa(分解可能な最小の分子量位置)
を使用して計算することができる。
絹−血液試料からの血液回収
材料および方法。新鮮なドナー血液(バキュテナーチューブ(Vacutainer tube)、Na−ヘパリン抗凝血剤、Research Blood Components、Brighton、MA)を、採血して1時間以内に単一のドナーから受け取った。次いで、血漿を単離するために、チューブを直ちに1000×gで遠心分離した。次いで血漿アリコートを直ちに凍結して陽性対照として供した。絹溶液を、上記したようにして、カイコBombyx moriの繭から調製した。繭を、0.02M Na2CO3の溶液中で煮沸することによって、10、20、30または60分間精練した。絹フィルムをポリジメチルシロキサン(PDMS)表面上にキャストした。そこでは、100μLの血液または血漿を1.9mLの絹溶液(煮沸時間に関係なく水中に約8wt%)と混合し、次いで、2mLを、厚肉フィルム(3×2.5cm直径キャスティング表面)かまたは薄肉フィルム(3×表面上に7.5cm直径キャスティング)としてキャストした。フィルムを終夜(8hr)乾燥した後、分析用に試料を40mgクーポンに切断する。予備的な実験では、10mgおよび40mgのクーポンを、そのポイントで40mgが回収試験に適していると確認されている(データは示していない)標準曲線内に、分析に必要な質量ローディングを調整するため、ELISA読み取り用に血漿および血液フィルムから調製した。フィルムを希釈剤としての960μLのPBSに加え、5秒間渦巻き混合し、次いで、利用できる上清を使用して直ちにアッセイした。すべてのELISA(表1でabCAMまたはR&D Systems)について、凍結血漿アリコートを製造業者の推奨にしたがって(1:100〜1:8000)希釈し、溶解した血液および血漿フィルムを、回収率の理論推定値をもとにして40×小さい希釈率で試験した。
絹フィブロイン溶液における塩基性線維芽細胞成長因子(bFGF)の安定化
絹溶液を、上述したカイコBombyx moriの繭から調製した。0.02M Na2CO3の溶液中で煮沸することによって、繭を10、20または60分間精練した。絹溶液は1w/v%または4w/v%であり、1×PBSを含むかまたは緩衝液を含まない。絹溶液は、精製したままのものであるかまたはオートクレーブ処理したものである。以下の対照:1×PBS中に0.1%BSA、1×PBS中に1.0%BSAおよび1×PBSを使用する。bFGFを各溶液に加えて250ng/mLの最終濃度にする。すべてのbFGF含有溶液を37℃で1週間保存し、次いで回収率を測定する。図12は、絹フィブロイン溶液からのbFGF回収率を示しており、これは、低分子量絹フィブロインがより高い回収率をもたらすことができることを実証しており、特に、PBS中に1%の低MW絹は、使用した絹がオートクレーブ処理されているかまたは精製したまま(すなわち「ニート絹」)であるかどうかにかかわらず、最も期待できるbFGF回収率をもたらすことを実証している。図12Aおよび図12Bの赤色の点線は、PBS対照の値を示す。
絹フィブロインマトリックスでの血液および血液構成成分の安定化
セルロースベースの技術は、現在、生物検体保存の市場空間を支配している。乾燥血液スポット(DBS)検体を、指、かかとまたは足指からランセットで採血した数滴の血液を特製の吸収性濾紙上に塗布することによって採取する。これらの紙マトリックスは、独占所有のケミストリーおよび/または埋め込み酵素阻害剤で設計することができる。実験室で乾燥が済んだら、技術者は自動または手動の穴あけ器を使用してシートから飽和紙の小さな円盤状物を分離し、その円盤状物を平底のマイクロタイタープレートに落とす。血液を、緩衝食塩水中、4℃で終夜溶出させる。得られた溶出物質を含有するプレートは、それから、後続する試験のための希釈液を作製することができる「マスター」を形成する。このように、1960年代以降、濾紙は、個別診断および公衆衛生目的のために血液を採取するのに使用されてきている(Guthrie and Susi、1963年)。CDCは、最近20〜30年間にわたる文献引用から集められた、DBSを使用して安定化された物質のアクティブリストをそのウェブサイト(www.cdc.gov/labstandards/nsqap_bloodspots.html)上に維持しており、血液スポットのための独立の品質管理プログラムを維持している。カードが、「Whatman FTAカード技術」として、Whatman(登録商標)から最初に製造販売されており、それ以来、GE Healthcare、GlaxoSmithKlineおよびAlturas Analyticsからリパックして販売されている。Ahlstromなどの新規の企業も、同様の液体濾過および安定化能力を有する繊維複合体を市販している(www.ahlstrom.com/en/products/enduseApplication/medicalAndHealthcare/laboratoryAndDiagnosticsFiltration/Pages/Diagnosticfiltration.aspx)。
ための分子的試験についてロジスティックな制約のままでもある(Dinevaら、2007年;Purenら、2010年)。したがって、生物学的試料および/またはその構成成分を(
例えば、周囲条件で)安定化させ、検出および/または分析用の安定化された試料から様々な分析物の十分な量での回収を可能にすることができる改善された技術および/または生産物の必要性がある。
NAの場合、超低温(−80℃)にすることである。採取場所(現地、病院等)から、直接分析または血漿タンパク質/RNAのさらなる抽出のためのラボへの生物学的試料の輸送は、発泡スチレンボックスやドライアイスなどのかさばった材料の使用が必要となるため、しばしば、実行するのに非常にコストがかかることになる。そうしたかさばった包装は、地域的な輸送でも、しばしば高価な輸送費をもたらす(表3を参照されたい)。
ても、既存のインフラ状況によって、生物学的材料を送り出すために、簡単で安価なツールセットを利用できれば、我々は、世界的規模の健康モニタリングのパラダイムシフトを見ることができ、より多くの国際的な第II/III相臨床試験を容易にすることになる。
絹フィブロインの向上した/最適な溶解度のための絹処理調節
絹フィブロインから誘導された材料の性能に対する異なる処理条件の影響は、これまで評価されており、これらの性能評価指標には、機械的性能をモジュレートする方法、分解性および生物学的放出特性が含まれる(Altmanら、2003年;Pritchardら、2013
年;Vepari and Kaplan、2007年)。しかし、オンデマンドでかつ完全な仕方で生
物製剤(あらゆる種類の)を取り込み回収するためにそれらの溶解度を最適化する示された目的で、絹から誘導された固体マトリックスを操作するストラテジーを規定している文献は得られない。本発明者らは、絹誘導マトリックスの溶解特性は、その一部がこれまでに文献で特定されている(しかしこの目的のために使用されてはいない)タンパク質特異的な処理パラメーター、および本明細書で説明する他の新規の修正法によって操作できることを発見した。本明細書では、従来利用できる手法を増補するタンパク質処理調節のための方式は、それによって、絹材料が、様々な目的のために、有意に抽出され/分析された、可溶化し取り込まれた材料であり得る最適の手段を提供することを示す。さらに、その現場環境で使用された場合にそれらが遭遇する可能性のある様々な温度条件に対するそれらの安定性を立証するために、保存実験を、代表的な絹フィルムおよび凍結乾燥された発泡体配合物を使用して実施した。
簡潔に述べると、Bombyx moriカイコ絹の繭をTajima Shoji Co.,LTD(横浜市中区住吉町、日本)から購入した。0.02M Na2CO3の溶液中で煮沸することによって、繭を10、20、30または60分間精練した。精練されたフィブロインを濯ぎ、次いで周囲条件で終夜乾燥した。乾燥したフィブロインを9.3M LiBr水溶液に可溶化し、Slide−a−Lyzer透析カセット(分子量カットオフ(MWCO)3.5kDa(Pierce Thermo Scientific
Inc.、Rockford、IL)を使用して蒸留水に対して2.5d透析し、遠心分離した。既知の体積の溶液試料から水を蒸発させて、絹フィブロイン濃度(w/vで)を決定した。使用するまで、すべての溶液を4℃で保存した。
5mLの4w/v%溶液およびVirTis Genesis 25L Super XL凍結乾機を使用した。最初に、試料を標準的な実験用冷凍庫中、−20℃で凍結させ、次いで凍結乾燥機を使用して試料を−45℃に冷却し続け、次いで、一次乾燥(vac 100mT、−20℃)を開始した。試料の半分はこの時点までで完了し、残留する結合水を絹から十分に除去するために、半分をさらに二次乾燥(vac 100mT、35℃)にかけた。
結果および考察
− フィルムおよび発泡体(またはその粉末)などの固体マトリックスに成形された試料を、オンデマンドでの分配および/または使用のための保存安定性のある絹配合物として利用することができ、これらは、一般に、溶液形態の絹(これは通常ゲル化するまでに3〜4カ月の保管寿命を有する)よりずっと安定である。さらに、温度プロファイルが変動するのに加えて、しばしば掻き混ぜに遭遇する長距離輸送条件の場合、固体マトリックスはずっと弾力性がある。
− 長期温度安定性は、絹材料が取り込み用マトリックスとして使用され、分析物の回収が、一部、持続的な溶解特性に依存する現場条件に望ましい可能性がある。
− 他の取り込まれた材料の存在下、またはそれとの混合物中での絹の溶解度は、例えば、取り込まれた生物製剤と絹の比、取り込まれた材料の種類(例えば、これらに限定されないが、尿、血液、糞便、耳垢、精製または非精製DNA/RNA/抗体、治療薬等)、および/またはこれらの生物製剤の安定化を助けるのに一般に使用される緩衝液/添加剤に依存し得る。
絹フィブロインベースの材料における全血および血漿の安定化
診断の応用空間において、長期間にわたって、かつ有害な環境条件の関連で、溶解度を最適化した絹マトリックスを、ヒトの全血および血液構成成分を安定化させるためにさらに使用できることを実証することが望ましい。この目的のために、本発明者らは、最初に、再構成された絹の特定のフォーマットから一旦回収されたある範囲のドナーからの血漿および血液タンパク質の相対的存在量を測定するのに使用できる、臨床的に関連する分析ツールの幅を実証するために、予備的な試験を実施した。これらの測定値は、臨床精密検査のために現在使用されているフォーマットであるドナーに適合させた新鮮なまたは凍結した血漿に対して実施された測定値と一致しているはずである。この機能性を実証するために、血漿をドナー静脈血液から単離し、大量の全血かまたは血漿(血液穿刺に相当する体積で)を、絹フィブロイン中に取り込んだ。次いで絹/血液または絹/血漿の複合体マトリックスを空気乾燥させた。次いでこれらのマトリックスを緩衝食塩水溶液に再可溶化させ、分析物を溶液状態で回収した。
絹フィブロインベースの材料におけるRNAの安定化
この実施例は、機能を失うことなく、RNAを、凍結乾燥絹溶液中に取り込み回収することができることを示す。RNAの回収率を最大化するために、一連の実験を実施して最適の溶液条件を確立した。例えば、緑色蛍光タンパク質(GFP)コード化mRNAを絹溶液と混合し、これに3日間の混合、凍結乾燥および回収プロトコールを施した。このプロトコールにしたがって、mRNAを超純水に再可溶化することによって回収し、RNA特異的な蛍光分析アッセイを、カプセル化および回収効率を定量するために使用した。さらに、凍結乾燥プロトコールを施しながら、溶液中でのRNAへの損傷を緩和するために、市販のRNAse阻害剤の取り込みを用いた。これらの阻害剤/絹系を使用して、絹からの回復後のRNA機能の保持を、mRNA分子の回収された画分をモデル細胞系にトランスフェクトすることによって評価した。一部の実施形態では、本明細書で説明する方法および/または組成物は、より長い期間(例えば、30〜120日間)にわたって安定に保持することができる。
初期試験の結果を図27に示す。RiboGreenアッセイは、絹だけの群において明らかな絹タンパク質(480nmで蛍光分析的に活性である)からの小さいが有意なバックグラウンドと、すべての群における回収されたRNAからの大きな読み取りの両方を示した。したがって、ロードされていない群を、すべての対応する濃度からの絹−RNA試料に対して正規化するために使用した。1%および0.5%の群から回収されたRNAは、非絹0%の群に匹敵していたが、これらすべての凍結乾燥された系は、未使用凍結ストックよりはるかに低かった。
特定の文献
201 Suppl 1, S27-36.
均等物
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JP7257112B2 (ja) | 2023-04-13 |
EP2970411A2 (en) | 2016-01-20 |
CA3172969A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
CA2905090C (en) | 2022-10-25 |
JP2021080277A (ja) | 2021-05-27 |
EP2970411B1 (en) | 2018-05-09 |
AU2014233480A1 (en) | 2015-08-27 |
ES2935659T3 (es) | 2023-03-09 |
WO2014145002A2 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
WO2014145002A3 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
JP2016517443A (ja) | 2016-06-16 |
EP4180448A1 (en) | 2023-05-17 |
US20160046679A1 (en) | 2016-02-18 |
AU2020220142A1 (en) | 2020-12-10 |
KR102457668B1 (ko) | 2022-10-21 |
EP3412682B1 (en) | 2022-08-31 |
AU2020220142B2 (en) | 2023-06-01 |
KR20210149207A (ko) | 2021-12-08 |
AU2018260835A1 (en) | 2018-11-22 |
US20240082405A1 (en) | 2024-03-14 |
JP2023174942A (ja) | 2023-12-08 |
AU2018260835B2 (en) | 2020-05-21 |
CA2905090A1 (en) | 2014-09-18 |
AU2014233480B2 (en) | 2018-08-09 |
KR20230021768A (ko) | 2023-02-14 |
JP6457482B2 (ja) | 2019-01-23 |
KR20150131329A (ko) | 2015-11-24 |
EP2970411A4 (en) | 2016-10-19 |
EP3412682A1 (en) | 2018-12-12 |
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