JP2018000136A - Edible processed products of barley leaves, and hydroponic method for barley leaves - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To cultivate barley leaves by hydroponics.SOLUTION: A hydroponic method includes irrigating from above a barley seedling stored in a water-resistance container, with water or a culture medium.SELECTED DRAWING: None

Description

The present invention relates to an edible processed product of barley leaves and a hydroponics method for barley leaves.

  In recent years, green juice has become widely known as a health food. One of the main ingredients of the beverage composition for green juice is young barley leaves, but barley is cultivated in domestic or overseas production areas by outdoor cultivation, harvesting the barley leaves and stem parts, The processed goods used as a component of the composition for drinks for green juice are obtained by sterilizing, drying, and a grinding | pulverization process (for example, refer patent document 1).

JP2015-109822

  By the way, in the case of open field cultivation, the quality of barley young leaves after harvest varies depending on the cultivated soil and weather, and there is a high risk of foreign matter contamination at the time of harvesting, so there is a demand for a method for growing barley by hydroponics was there. If the barley leaf part can be cultivated under specific environmental control by hydroponics, it is advantageous to cultivate efficiently.

  The objective of this invention is providing the edible processed material of the barley leaf part grown by the hydroponics method of the barley leaf part and hydroponics.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present inventors have found that barley leaves can be efficiently obtained when barley seedlings are cultivated under specific environmental control, and the present invention has been completed.

  According to one aspect of the present invention, a method for hydroponics cultivation of barley leaves is provided by irrigating water or a culture solution from above barley seedlings contained in a water-resistant container.

  According to another aspect of the present invention, an edible processed product of a barley leaf portion grown by hydroponics is provided.

  According to the present invention, barley leaves can be efficiently cultivated and harvested even in hydroponics. Moreover, the barley leaf portion grown by hydroponics can be used as a raw material for foods such as green juice.

The schematic of the example of the hydroponic cultivation apparatus used for the hydroponic cultivation method of this invention.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.

  The present invention provides a hydroponic cultivation method for barley leaves. The barley may be Nijo barley or Rojo barley. In addition, a leaf part refers to the part which combined the barley leaf and the stem. In the edible processed product of barley leaves, when leaves and stems are used, they indicate leaves and stems, and when only leaves are used, they indicate leaves.

  First, barley seeds are washed and immersed in water or an aqueous solution for a certain period (for example, 30 minutes to 1 day) for a certain number of times (for example, 1 to 5 times). Optionally, the seed may be sterilized by a known sterilization method. The sterilization treatment is preferably performed between immersions. Examples of such sterilization methods include immersion in warm water, treatment with an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution, and ozone treatment. The water temperature during the immersion in warm water is preferably 40 ° C. or more and 60 ° C. or less, and the immersion time is preferably 10 seconds to 15 hours so as not to hinder the growth of barley. The treatment with the aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution preferably has a sodium hypochlorite concentration of 50 to 1000 ppm and a treatment time of 30 minutes to 6 hours. Also, optionally, a known germination treatment may be applied to the seed before or after the sterilization treatment. Examples of such germination treatment include chemical treatment with concentrated sulfuric acid or the like, or physical treatment such as mechanical seed coat removal.

  Next, the seeds are germinated. Germination is usually performed at a temperature of 5 ° C to 40 ° C, preferably 20 ° C to 30 ° C. The seeds are preferably placed in a container such as a seedling tray or sown on a seedling mat. Known seedling trays and seedling mats can be used. It is preferable that a hole for draining is opened on the bottom surface of the seedling tray. Water or a culture solution is given to the seed sowed to germinate. Seeds germinate about 2 to 10 days after sowing.

  Next, barley seedlings after germination are grown. Growth by hydroponics is advantageous because it makes it easier to handle the entire growth body and control the cultivation conditions as compared to outdoor cultivation. Hydroponics may be performed indoors or outdoors, but is preferably performed indoors for easy control of the cultivation conditions. The facility for performing hydroponics indoors is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include hydroponics equipment or a house that is a so-called plant factory facility. The facility may include means for controlling conditions for hydroponics such as indoor temperature control means, light irradiation amount control means, water or culture water temperature control means.

  Barley seedlings are grown in a barley state having leaves, and preferably before being spiked. More preferably, the barley seedlings are grown before the ears are attached and until the total length of the leaves is 10 to 50 cm. More preferably, the barley seedlings are grown before the ears are attached and until the total length of the leaves is 30 to 50 cm. The total length of the leaf part is also referred to as plant height, and refers to the length from the tip of the leaf part to the part where the leaf part rises from the root or seed (hereinafter referred to as “leaf part rising part”).

  Although the growth temperature of barley is not particularly limited, it is usually performed at a cultivation temperature of 5 ° C. or more and 40 ° C. or less, preferably 15 ° C. to 30 ° C. Thereby, the growth of barley can be promoted. The temperature of the hydroponic liquid is preferably adjusted to be in the range of 15 ° C to 30 ° C.

Although the light quantity at the time of growth of barley is not particularly limited, it is preferably ^{1μmol / m 2 s~3,000μmol / m 2} s. The light source may be natural light such as sunlight, or artificial light such as an incandescent lamp, a fluorescent lamp, or an LED.

  During the growth of the barley after germination, the barley may continue to be irradiated with natural light, but it is shielded from light for 2 to 10 days after germination, and the barley is exposed to light for the remaining period after the light is shielded (for example, 3 to 10 days). May be. By shading for 2 to 10 days after germination, barley having a high height can be obtained in a short growth period with a long stem.

  The water or culture water irrigation method is not particularly limited. For example, the above-mentioned seedling tray or seedling mat is placed in a bottomed water-resistant container, and water or culture is started from above the barley seedlings contained in the water-resistant container. This can be done by irrigating the liquid overhead or by basal irrigation directly into a water resistant container. Surprisingly, the inventors of the present invention have found that if only the bottom irrigation is performed during the growth of barley seedlings, the drainage of water or the culture solution becomes poor, the seedlings are wilted and do not grow well. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is necessary to supply water or a culture solution to barley seedlings contained in a water-resistant container by overhead irrigation for at least a certain period.

  In one embodiment, water or a culture solution is supplied from above the barley seedlings stored in the water-resistant container during the growth period from the storage of the barley seedlings in the water-resistant container to the harvest. The irrigation amount is about 200 to 2500 mL / day, and is performed once to several times a day. In another embodiment, water or culture is irrigated from above the barley seedlings for a first period, and a water resistant container below the barley seedlings for a second period after the first period. Water or culture medium is irrigated to the bottom. The irrigation amount, irrigation time, and irrigation frequency for bottom irrigation can be appropriately set by those skilled in the art, and are adjusted as needed while observing the water retention state of the seedling tray or seedling mat. By cultivating in this way, barley can grow well until harvest. The first period is, for example, 1 day or longer, preferably 5 days or longer. The second period is, for example, from 0 days to 7 days, preferably from 0 days to 3 days, for example, from 1 day to 3 days. In one embodiment, the first period is 5 days or more, and the second period is 1 day or more and 3 days or less. In another embodiment, the first period is 5 days or more and the second period is 0 days.

  Preferably, the seedling is sterilized during the growth of the barley seedling. Sterilization is carried out by using barley or a part thereof in known sterilized water for a certain period (for example, 1 minute to 1 day, 5 days to all the cultivation period), at a certain frequency (for example, 1 to 5 times a day). This can be done by exposure. Sterilization can be performed, for example, by applying water, an aqueous solution containing an agricultural chemical, sterilized water, or the like to the whole barley in the form of a shower, mist, or spray.

  Next, after growing barley seedlings, the growth is harvested. At the time of harvesting, for example, an operator removes the grown material from the seedling tray or the seedling mat by hand or using a cutting device such as a cutter.

  FIG. 1 shows an example of a hydroponic cultivation apparatus used in the hydroponic cultivation method of the present invention. The hydroponic cultivation apparatus 1 is for watering a seedling tray 3 and / or a seedling mat 4 for planting barley seedlings 2, a water-resistant container 5 for housing the seedling tray 3 and / or seedling mat 4, and watering the barley seedlings 2. A tank 6 for storing the water or culture solution, a pipe 7 connected to the tank 6 and having a plurality of holes for irrigation along the longitudinal direction, a tank 8 for storing sterilizing water, and a tank 8 Are connected to the bottom surface of the water-resistant container 5 and the pipe 9 having a plurality of holes for spraying sterilizing water along the longitudinal direction. And a discharge pipe 10 for discharging the water or culture solution therein. The pipe 7 is provided above the barley seedling 2 in order to supply water or a culture solution from above the barley seedling 2, but the tank 6 is connected to the water-resistant container 5 below the barley seedling 2. A pipe 11 for supplying water or a culture solution directly may be connected separately from or in addition to the pipe 7. The supply of water or culture solution from the tank 6 through the pipe 7 and the pipe 11 can be selectively performed by opening and closing a valve (not shown). The pipe 9 is also provided above the barley seedling 2 in order to supply sterilizing water from above the barley seedling 2, but the tank 8 directly supplies water to the water-resistant container 5 below the barley seedling 2. Alternatively, the pipe 12 for supplying the culture solution may be connected separately from or in addition to the pipe 9. Supply of water or culture solution from the tank 8 through the pipe 9 and the pipe 12 can be selectively performed by opening and closing a valve (not shown). Alternatively, a tank for supplying water or a culture solution to the water-resistant container 5 below the barley seedling 2 may be provided separately from the tank 6, and the water-resistant container 5 below the barley seedling 2 is sterilized. A tank for supplying water may be provided separately from the tank 8.

  The barley produced by the cultivation method of the present invention can be further processed to make an edible processed product.

  First, the harvest is blanched or microwaved. These treatments are well-known techniques for keeping the green color of the leaves vivid, and also serve as a sterilizer. The leaves may be processed with microwaves during blanching. Examples of blanching include hot water treatment or steaming treatment.

  In order to keep the green color of the leaves vivid, it is preferable that the blanching time is short. The leaf blanching treatment is preferably carried out in hot water or steam at 80 to 100 ° C. for 10 to 180 seconds. As the steaming process of the leaf part, an intermittent steaming process in which the process of steaming the leaf part with steam and the process of cooling it under normal pressure or under pressure is preferable. In the intermittent steaming process, the steaming process with steam is preferably 20 to 40 seconds. The cooling treatment is performed so that the leaf temperature is preferably 60 ° C. or lower, more preferably 50 ° C. or lower, and most preferably 40 ° C. or lower. Moreover, in order to manufacture the powder of the leaf part rich in nutrient components such as vitamins, minerals, and chlorophyll, it is preferable to repeat the intermittent steaming treatment 2 to 5 times.

  Next, after branching, the leaves are dried. By removing the water content of the harvested barley leaf portion by natural drying or artificial drying, a dried product of the barley leaf portion as an edible processed product is obtained. A known drying method can be used for the artificial drying, and examples thereof include freeze drying and drying with a dryer.

Preferably, the number of viable bacteria in the edible processed product, in particular, the dried barley leaves is less than 3.0 × 10 ³ cells / g. This value is below the standard bacteria count of 5.0 × 10 ⁴ cells / g or less, which is the standard established by the Japan Health and Nutrition Food Association for the health of barley young leaves. This is a sufficiently suitable value. In order to reduce the number of viable bacteria to less than 3.0 × 10 ³ cells / g, in the method for producing an edible processed product of barley leaves, 1) sterilization of barley seeds, 2) of barley under hydroponics It is necessary to perform at least one step of sterilization of leaves and 3) blanching after harvesting.

  The present invention provides an edible processed product of a barley leaf portion grown by hydroponics.

  The method of hydroponic cultivation of barley is as described above. Moreover, as an edible processed material, the dried material of the harvested barley leaf part and the dried powder which crushed it are mentioned.

  The edible processed product of the barley leaf part may be composed only of a dried product of the barley leaf part, or may further contain a product other than the dried product of the barley leaf part. The ratio of the dried barley leaf product in the edible processed product is not particularly limited. For example, it is 30% by weight or more, preferably 50% by weight, more preferably 80% by weight or more, and further preferably 90% by weight or more. 95% by weight or more.

  A dried product of the barley leaf portion is obtained by removing moisture of the harvested barley leaf portion by natural drying or artificial drying. A known drying method can be used for the artificial drying, and examples thereof include freeze drying and drying with a dryer.

  The present invention also provides a dry powder obtained by further finely pulverizing a dried product of barley leaves. Examples of the crushing of the dried product of the barley leaves include a method of crushing or crushing the dried product with a crusher or crusher such as a mill, a crusher, a grinder, or a mixer. The degree of crushing is not particularly limited as long as the dried product before crushing is crushed to a size smaller than that at the time of harvesting. The powder form is advantageous in that it can be mixed with cereal flour or added to a beverage composition such as green juice.

  The barley leaf edible processed product of the present invention can be applied to various solid or liquid foods such as confectionery using cereal flour such as cookies, biscuits, rice crackers, etc .; bread; supplements; Can be used.

  Thus, since the edible processed product of the barley leaf part of the present invention uses the barley leaf part grown by hydroponics, the barley leaf part can be efficiently treated under specific environmental control. It is cultivatable and advantageous.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1 Cultivation of young barley leaves Commercially sold Nijo barley seeds were washed with water, immersed in water, and immersed in 100 ppm hypochlorous acid water for 2 hours to sterilize. The seeds thus treated were sown in a seedling tray and germinated at 28 ° C. Next, barley was grown by hydroponics. Cultivation temperature is 20-30 ° C, under sunlight, using a commercially available culture solution (OAT House Fertilizer No. 1 and No. 2, OAT Agrio Co., Ltd.), irrigated every day, and stored in a water-resistant container with a seedling tray The culture broth was drained immediately. Thus, the barley was grown until the panicles were added and the total length of the leaves was about 30 cm.

  The cultivation method and cultivation result of each sample of barley seedlings were as shown below.

Next, as a result of branching the grown barley with boiling water for 20 seconds and further drying the leaf part, a dried product of the leaf part having a viable count of less than 4.0 × 10 ² cells / g was obtained. It was.

  Although the embodiments and examples of the present invention have been specifically described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications based on the technical idea of the present invention are possible.

  For example, the configurations, methods, processes, shapes, materials, numerical values, and the like given in the above-described embodiments and examples are merely examples, and different configurations, methods, processes, shapes, materials, numerical values, etc. are necessary as necessary. May be used.

The configurations, methods, steps, shapes, materials, numerical values, and the like of the above-described embodiments can be combined with each other without departing from the gist of the present invention.
The present invention can also employ the following configurations.
[1] A hydroponic cultivation method for barley leaves, wherein water or a culture solution is irrigated from above barley seedlings contained in a water-resistant container.
[2] During the first period, water or a culture solution is irrigated from above the barley seedling, and water is added to the water-resistant container below the barley seedling during the second period after the first period. Alternatively, the method according to [1], wherein the culture solution is irrigated at the bottom.
[3] The method according to [2], wherein the first period is 5 days or more.
[4] The method according to [2], wherein the second period is not less than 1 day and not more than 7 days.
[5] The method according to [2], wherein the first period is 5 days or more and the second period is 1 day or more and 3 days or less.
[6] The method according to [2], wherein the first period is 5 days or more and the second period is 0 days.
[7] The method according to any one of [1] to [6], wherein water or a culture solution is irrigated from above the barley seedling during a growing period until harvest.
[8] The method according to any one of [1] to [7], wherein the barley is shielded from light for a certain period after germination of barley and the barley is exposed to light for the remaining period after the shading.
[9] The method according to [8], wherein the predetermined period is 2 to 10 days.
[10] An edible processed product of the barley leaf portion grown by hydroponics.
[11] The edible processed product according to [10], which is a dry powder.
[12] A food containing the edible processed product according to [10] or [11].

  The hydroponic cultivation method of the barley leaves of the present invention can be widely used for the production of young barley leaves. The obtained barley leaves are processed into a dry powder and used as a confectionery using cereal flour such as cookies, biscuits, rice crackers, etc .; bread; supplements; beverage compositions such as green juice; It can be used for various foods.

Claims (6)

A hydroponic cultivation method for barley leaves, wherein water or a culture solution is irrigated from above barley seedlings contained in a water-resistant container. During the first period, water or a culture solution is irrigated from above the barley seedling, and during the second period after the first period, the water or culture solution is placed in the water-resistant container below the barley seedling. The method according to claim 1, wherein the water is irrigated at the bottom. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the barley is shielded from light for a certain period after germination of barley and the barley is exposed to light for the remaining period after the shading. An edible processed product of the barley leaf grown in hydroponics. The edible processed product according to claim 3, which is a dry powder. A food containing the edible processed product according to claim 4 or 5.

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