JP2017515274A - 空気電池 - Google Patents
空気電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017515274A JP2017515274A JP2016565244A JP2016565244A JP2017515274A JP 2017515274 A JP2017515274 A JP 2017515274A JP 2016565244 A JP2016565244 A JP 2016565244A JP 2016565244 A JP2016565244 A JP 2016565244A JP 2017515274 A JP2017515274 A JP 2017515274A
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- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 252
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 21
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005672 electromagnetic field Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910001338 liquidmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium laurylsulphate Chemical group [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOS([O-])(=O)=O DBMJMQXJHONAFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JMYBUNAHNWHHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-J [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].F.[Al+3].[K+] Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[F-].[F-].F.[Al+3].[K+] JMYBUNAHNWHHGK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 2
- DNEHKUCSURWDGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum sodium Chemical compound [Na].[Al] DNEHKUCSURWDGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019333 sodium laurylsulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000528 Na alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011260 aqueous acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052789 astatine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYXHOMYVWAEKHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N astatine atom Chemical compound [At] RYXHOMYVWAEKHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007084 catalytic combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002221 fluorine Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000020169 heat generation Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 on the one hand Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003385 sodium Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- H01M12/00—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M12/04—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type
- H01M12/06—Hybrid cells; Manufacture thereof composed of a half-cell of the fuel-cell type and of a half-cell of the primary-cell type with one metallic and one gaseous electrode
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L50/00—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle
- B60L50/50—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells
- B60L50/70—Electric propulsion with power supplied within the vehicle using propulsion power supplied by batteries or fuel cells using power supplied by fuel cells
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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Abstract
Description
Claims (33)
- ハウジング(2)と、
前記ハウジング(2)において空気室(9)と電解液室(10)との間に配置された少なくとも1つの中空の円筒形のカソード(7)と、
前記電解液室(10)に配置された少なくとも1つの金属製のアノード(11)と、
前記空気室(9)に流体的に接続されている、前記ハウジング(2)の空気流入口(15)から、前記空気室(9)に流体的に接続されている、前記ハウジング(2)の空気排出口(16)まで、前記ハウジング(2)を通る空気路(14)と、
前記空気路(14)に沿って進み、前記カソード(7)に当たる空気流を生成する空気供給デバイス(20)と、
前記電解液室(10)に流体的に接続されている、前記ハウジング(2)の電解液流入口(18)から、前記電解液室(10)に流体的に接続されている、前記ハウジング(2)の電解液排出口(19)まで、前記ハウジング(2)を通る電解液路(17)と、
前記電解液路(17)に沿って進み前記アノード(11)及び前記カソード(7)に当たる電解液流を生成する電解液供給デバイス(21)と、
を有する空気電池。 - 前記空気供給デバイス(20)及び前記電解液供給デバイス(21)に電気的に接続され、前記空気電池(1)を運転するための制御デバイス(22)を有し、
前記制御デバイス(22)は、前記空気電池(1)における現在の電力需要に応じて、この電力需要に適合する空気流を生成するために前記空気供給デバイス(20)を作動させ、及び/又は、この電力需要に適合する電解液流を生成するために前記電解液供給デバイス(21)を作動させるように、構成され及び/又はプログラムされている
ことを特徴とする請求項1の電池。 - 前記制御デバイス(22)は、前記現在の電力需要に応じて、この電力需要に適合する電解液流を生成するために前記電解液供給デバイス(21)を作動させ、かつ、前記適合する電解液流に適合する空気流を生成するために前記空気供給デバイス(20)を作動させるように、構成され及び/又はプログラムされている
ことを特徴とする請求項2の電池。 - 前記制御デバイス(22)は、前記空気電池(1)を停止させるために、電解液を抜いて前記電解液路(17)を空にするために前記電解液供給デバイス(21)を作動させるように、構成され及び/又はプログラムされている
ことを特徴とする請求項2又は3の電池。 - 前記アノード(11)は、その縦方向の中心軸(13)について回転可能なように、前記ハウジング(2)に取り付けられている
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項の電池。 - 前記アノード(11)を回転駆動する回転駆動装置(56)を備える
ことを特徴とする請求項5の電池。 - 前記アノード(11)は、前記アノード(11)の回転が前記電解液路(17)における前記電解液を駆動するように構成されている
ことを特徴とする請求項6の電池。 - 前記アノード(11)は、前記電解液室(10)にさらされているその外側(36)に、前記アノード(11)が回転するときに前記電解液を駆動する流れガイド構造(37)を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項7の電池。 - 前記電解液路(17)は、前記電解液流が前記アノード(11)を回転駆動するように、前記アノード(11)のそばを通り過ぎて案内される
ことを特徴とする請求項5の電池。 - 前記電解液流入口(18)は、前記電解液室(10)の第1端部領域において前記電解液室(10)に対して接線方向に配置され、前記電解液排出口(19)は、前記電解液室(10)の第2端部領域に配置されている
ことを特徴とする請求項9の電池。 - 前記アノード(11)は、前記電解液室(10)にさらされているその外側(36)に、前記アノード(11)が前記電解液流に当たられているときにトルクを前記アノード(11)に伝える流れガイド構造(37)を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項9又は10の電池。 - 前記アノード(11)は、円筒形に構成されており、機械的かつ電気的に金属製の支持プレート(26)に接続されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜11のいずれか1項の電池。 - 前記支持プレート(26)は、前記アノード(11)の縦方向の中心軸(13)について回転可能なように、アキシャル軸受(27)を介して前記ハウジング(2)に取り付けられている
ことを特徴とする請求項12の電池。 - 前記空気電池(1)のアノード側の電力接続部(29)は、前記アキシャル軸受(27)の上に形成されている
ことを特徴とする請求項13の電池。 - 前記アキシャル軸受(27)は、ハウジング側の環状ベアリングシェル(32)内にあるスライディングメタルリング(31)を有し、その上において前記支持プレート(26)が支持され、その上において前記支持プレート(26)が、前記アノード(11)が回転するときにスライドする
ことを特徴とする請求項13又は14の電池。 - 前記スライディングメタルリング(31)は、スライディングメタル合金で構成された環状体(34)と、前記環状体(34)内に配置され、それによって前記環状体(34)が加熱され得る、少なくとも1つの加熱導体(35)とを有する
ことを特徴とする請求項15の電池。 - 前記加熱導体(35)の電源は、前記加熱導体(35)が前記環状体(34)を、前記スライディングメタル合金の融点より低いが、前記環状体(34)に表面溶融が生じる程度に前記スライディングメタル合金の融点に近い、所定の運用温度に加熱するように、構成されている
ことを特徴とする請求項16の電池。 - 前記空気供給デバイス(20)は、前記空気流入口(15)の上流に、前記空気流における酸素の割合を増加させる濃縮デバイス(38)を有する
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜17のいずれか1項の電池。 - 前記電解液供給デバイス(21)は、電解液タンク(44)から前記電解液流入口(18)に至る往路(42)と、前記電解液排出口(19)から前記電解液タンク(44)に至る帰路(43)とを有する、電解液回路(41)を備える
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜18のいずれか1項の電池。 - 前記電解液を駆動する往路ポンプ(45)が前記往路(42)に配置されている
ことを特徴とする請求項19の電池。 - 前記電解液を駆動する帰路ポンプ(46)が前記帰路(43)に配置されている
ことを特徴とする請求項19又は20の電池。 - 反応生成物を前記電解液から取り除く電解液清掃デバイス(47)が前記帰路(43)に配置されている
ことを特徴とする請求項19〜21のいずれか1項の電池。 - 気体を前記液体電解液から取り除く気体分離デバイス(48)が前記帰路(43)に配置されている
ことを特徴とする請求項19〜22のいずれか1項の電池。 - 前記気体分離デバイス(48)は、前記分離された気体の化学エネルギーを電気エネルギー及び/又は熱エネルギーに変換する変換デバイス(50)に、気体ライン(49)を経由して、流体的に接続されている
ことを特徴とする請求項23の電池。 - 前記変換デバイス(50)は、触媒燃焼器である
ことを特徴とする請求項24の電池。 - 前記変換デバイス(50)は、水素−空気燃料電池である
ことを特徴とする請求項24の電池。 - 前記空気流入口(15)は、前記空気室(9)に対して接線方向に配置され、及び/又は、
前記空気排出口(16)は、前記空気室(9)に対して接線方向に配置されている
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜26のいずれか1項の電池。 - 前記アノード(11)を加熱する誘導加熱装置(52)を備える
ことを特徴とする請求項1〜27のいずれか1項の電池。 - 前記誘導加熱装置(52)は、前記カソード(7)の領域に配置されている
ことを特徴とする請求項28の電池。 - 複数の、請求項1〜29のいずれか1項の空気電池(1)を有する電池システムであって、
前記電池(1)の空気路(14)を通るそれぞれの空気流を生成する共通の空気供給デバイス(20)、及び/又は、前記電池(1)の電解液路(17)を通るそれぞれの電解液流を生成する共通の電解液供給デバイス(21)、及び/又は、前記電池(1)を運転する共通の制御デバイス(22)を有する
ことを特徴とする電池システム。 - 電気モーターによる駆動装置と、少なくとも1つの、請求項1〜29のいずれか1項の空気電池(1)、又は請求項30の電池システム(57)とを有する車両であって、
前記車両の電動駆動装置の電力供給のための電力機器は、前記各空気電池(1)又は前記電池システム(57)にバッファなしで結合されている
車両。 - 請求項1〜29のいずれか1項の空気電池(1)を運転する方法であって、
前記空気電池(1)における現在の電力需要に応じて、適切な電解液流及び/又は適切な空気流が生成される
方法。 - 前記電解液流を適合させるために、少なくとも1つの電解液搬送デバイス(45,46;11)は、その搬送能力を増加又は減少するように制御され、及び/又は、
前記空気流を適合させるために、少なくとも1つの空気搬送デバイス(40)は、その搬送能力を増加又は減少するように制御される
請求項32の方法。
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JP2017515273A (ja) * | 2014-04-29 | 2017-06-08 | マーレ インターナショナル ゲゼルシャフト ミット ベシュレンクテル ハフツングMAHLE International GmbH | 空気電池 |
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IL248413A0 (en) | 2016-11-30 |
CN106463664A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
US20170170451A1 (en) | 2017-06-15 |
EP3138139B1 (de) | 2018-10-03 |
CN106463664B (zh) | 2019-05-31 |
WO2015165708A2 (de) | 2015-11-05 |
EP3138139A2 (de) | 2017-03-08 |
JP6731349B2 (ja) | 2020-07-29 |
KR20160146982A (ko) | 2016-12-21 |
US10340504B2 (en) | 2019-07-02 |
WO2015165708A3 (de) | 2015-12-23 |
DE102014208044A1 (de) | 2015-10-29 |
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