JP2017506651A - 脂肪肝の低減または予防のための組成物および方法 - Google Patents
脂肪肝の低減または予防のための組成物および方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017506651A JP2017506651A JP2016554211A JP2016554211A JP2017506651A JP 2017506651 A JP2017506651 A JP 2017506651A JP 2016554211 A JP2016554211 A JP 2016554211A JP 2016554211 A JP2016554211 A JP 2016554211A JP 2017506651 A JP2017506651 A JP 2017506651A
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Abstract
Description
本明細書に述べたすべての刊行物、特許、および特許出願は、それぞれの個々の刊行物、特許、または特許出願が参照により組み込まれるように具体的かつ個々に示されているのと同じ程度に参照により本明細書に組み込まれている。参照により組み込まれた刊行物と本明細書の間に何らかの不一致がある場合には、本明細書が支配する。
本明細書に述べたすべての刊行物、特許、および特許出願は、それぞれの個々の刊行物、特許、または特許出願が参照により組み込まれるように具体的かつ個々に示されているのと同じ程度に参照により本明細書に組み込まれている。
本発明は、それを必要とする対象において脂肪肝を低減または予防するための方法、組成物およびキットを提供する。例えば、本発明は、対象に、一定量の、例えば、メトホルミンなどのサーチュイン経路活性化因子を含む組成物を投与するステップを含む、それを必要とする対象において脂肪肝を低減する方法を提供する。脂肪肝を低減または予防する別の例示的方法は、(a)一定量の、遊離アミノ酸の形態で存在する分枝鎖アミノ酸および/またはその代謝産物、ならびに(b)さらなる薬剤を投与するステップを含む。一部の実施形態では、分枝鎖アミノ酸および/またはその代謝産物は、ロイシンである。一部の実施形態では、さらなる薬剤は、1種または複数のサーチュイン経路活性化因子である。一部の実施形態では、さらなる薬剤は、メトホルミンおよび/またはPDE阻害剤、例えば、シルデナフィルである。一部の実施形態では、このような分枝鎖アミノ酸および/またはその代謝産物ならびにさらなる薬剤の共投与は、いずれか1種の薬剤単独の投与よりも大きな程度に脂肪肝を低減または予防する。一部の実施形態では、遊離アミノ酸形態の分枝鎖アミノ酸(またはその代謝産物)およびさらなる薬剤の共投与は、相乗効果を有する、例えば、遊離アミノ酸形態の分枝鎖アミノ酸(またはその代謝産物)単独の投与およびさらなる薬剤単独の投与の相加効果よりも大きな程度に脂肪肝を低減または予防する。
本明細書に記載される本発明の方法のいずれも、対象における脂肪肝の評価を含み得る。例えば、対象における脂肪肝の評価を使用して、対象が、脂肪肝の低減を必要としているか否かを決定できる。対象における脂肪肝の評価を使用して、対象において脂肪肝が予防もしくは低減されるか否か、および/または対象において脂肪肝が予防もしくは低減される程度を決定できる。脂肪肝は、当業者に公知の、またはそうでなければ本明細書に記載される任意の手段によって評価され得る。対象における脂肪肝は、例えば、対象の肝臓における脂肪の蓄積によって(例えば、対象の肝細胞における脂肪の蓄積によって)証明され得る。肝臓における脂肪の蓄積は、いくつかの手段によって、例えば、超音波検査、コンピューター断層撮影法(CT)、磁気共鳴画像法、血清アラニントランスアミナーゼおよびアスパラギン酸トランスアミナーゼの測定、肝臓の大きさもしくは重量の測定または生検によって示すことができる。
本明細書に記載される化合物のいずれかの投与および/または共時投与は、それを必要とする対象において脂肪肝を低減し得る。脂肪肝低減を必要とする例示的対象として、脂肪肝と診断されている対象を挙げることができる。脂肪肝の評価のための本明細書に記載される、またはそうでなければ当技術分野で公知の方法のいずれも、対象における脂肪肝の診断のために使用してもよい。例えば、対象が5%もしくはそれより高い肝脂肪含量、10%もしくはそれより高い肝脂肪含量、20%もしくはそれより高い肝脂肪含量、30%もしくはそれより高い肝脂肪含量、40%もしくはそれより高い肝脂肪含量、50%もしくはそれより高い肝脂肪含量、60%もしくはそれより高い肝脂肪含量または70%もしくはそれより高い肝脂肪含量を示す場合に、対象は脂肪肝と診断され得る。対象が肝臓において5%〜33%の脂肪蓄積を示す場合に、対象はステージ1脂肪肝と診断され得る。対象が肝臓において33%〜66%の脂肪蓄積を示す場合に、対象はステージ2脂肪肝と診断され得る。対象が肝臓において66%を超える脂肪蓄積を示す場合に、対象はステージ3脂肪肝と診断され得る。
本明細書に記載される化合物のいずれかの投与および/または共投与は、それを必要とする対象において脂肪肝を低減し得る。脂肪肝低減を必要とする例示的対象は、脂肪肝の傾向を示す、または脂肪肝を発生する高いリスクを有する対象を含み得る。
本発明は、脂肪肝の低減および/または予防のための化合物を提供する。例えば、遊離アミノ酸形態の分枝鎖アミノ酸またはその代謝産物およびさらなる薬剤の共投与は、対象において脂肪肝を低減および/または予防し得る。さらなる薬剤は、サーチュイン経路活性化因子および/またはPDE5阻害剤などのPDE阻害剤であり得る。
分枝鎖アミノ酸は、2個またはそれ超の他の原子と結合している分枝炭素原子を有する脂肪族側鎖を有し得る。他の原子は、炭素原子であり得る。分枝鎖アミノ酸の例として、ロイシン、イソロイシンおよびバリンが挙げられる。分枝鎖アミノ酸はまた、4−ヒドロキシイソロイシンなどの他の化合物を含み得る。このような分枝鎖アミノ酸は、対象に遊離アミノ酸形態で投与され得る。一部の実施形態では、遊離アミノ酸形態の分枝鎖アミノ酸は、遊離アミノ酸形態のロイシンである。一部の実施形態では、遊離アミノ酸形態の分枝鎖アミノ酸を含む組成物は、1種もしくは複数またはすべての非分枝鎖アミノ酸を実質的に含まない。一部の実施形態では、組成物は、1種もしくは複数またはすべての遊離アミノ酸形態の非分枝鎖アミノ酸を実質的に含まない。例えば、組成物は、アラニン、アルギニン、アスパラギン、アスパラギン酸、システイン、グルタミン酸、グルタミン、グリシン、ヒスチジン、リシン、メチオニン、フェニルアラニン、プロリン、セリン、トレオニン、トリプトファンおよび/またはチロシンを実質的に含まないものであり得る。組成物は、遊離アミノ酸形態のアラニン、アルギニン、アスパラギン、アスパラギン酸、システイン、グルタミン酸、グルタミン、グリシン、ヒスチジン、リシン、メチオニン、フェニルアラニン、プロリン、セリン、トレオニン、トリプトファンおよび/またはチロシンを実質的に含まないものであり得る。一部の実施形態では、組成物は、遊離形態のイソロイシンおよび/またはバリンを実質的に含まない。
サーチュイン経路活性化因子は、サーチュイン経路の1種または複数の成分を活性化する任意の薬剤を含み得る。サーチュイン経路は、限定するものではないが、Sirt1、Sirt3およびAMPKなどのシグナル伝達分子を含む。経路のアウトプットは、発現レベルおよび/または経路の活性および/または生理学的効果によって決定することができる。一部の実施形態では、Sirt1経路の活性化は、PGC1−αの刺激ならびに/またはミトコンドリア生合成および脂肪酸酸化のその後の刺激を含む。サーチュイン経路の増大または活性化は、経路成分タンパク質の活性の増大によって観察することができる。例えば、タンパク質は、Sirt1、PGC1−α、AMPK、Epac1、アデニリルシクラーゼ、Sirt3、または任意の他のタンパク質、および図1に表したシグナル伝達経路に沿ったこれらのそれぞれの関連タンパク質であり得る(Parkら、「Resveratrol Ameliorates Aging−Related Metabolic Phenotypes by Inhibiting cAMP Phosphodiesterases」、Cell、148巻、421〜433頁、2012年2月3日)。サーチュイン経路アウトプットの尺度として働き得る生理学的効果の限定されない例として、ミトコンドリア生合成、脂肪酸酸化、グルコース取り込み、パルミテート取り込み、酸素消費量、二酸化炭素産生、体重減少、熱産生、内臓脂肪組織喪失、呼吸交換率、インスリン感受性、炎症マーカーレベル、血管拡張、脂肪細胞の褐変およびイリシン産生が挙げられる。脂肪細胞の褐変の兆候の例として、限定するものではないが、脂肪酸酸化の増大および1種または複数の褐色脂肪選択的遺伝子(例えば、Ucp1、Cidea、Prdm16およびNdufs1)の発現が挙げられる。一部の実施形態では、サーチュイン経路アウトプットの尺度として働き得る、1種または複数の生理学的効果の変化は、イリシン産生の増大によって誘導される。
本発明の1種または複数の方法は、対象に、PDE阻害剤を投与するステップをさらに含み得る。PDE阻害剤は、サーチュイン経路活性化因子として作用し得る。PDE阻害剤は、選択的であっても、非選択的であってもよい。PDE阻害剤は、PDEサブクラス、例えば、PDE5に対して選択的阻害を示し得る。選択的PDE阻害剤の例として、PDE1、2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10または11に対する阻害剤が挙げられる。非選択的PDE阻害剤は、ホスホジエステラーゼのサブクラスを区別しないものであり得る。さらに、一部の非選択的PDE阻害剤は、2種以上の代謝経路と相互作用し得る。例えば、一部の非選択的PDE阻害剤は、キサンチン誘導体であり得、アデノシンアンタゴニストとして役立ち得、他の代謝経路と未知の相互作用を有し得る。選択的PDE阻害剤は、選択されたPDEとの優先的相互作用を示すPDE阻害剤であり得る。例えば、PDE阻害剤は、PDE5と強力な相互作用を有し得、他のPDEサブクラスとは極めて少ない相互作用しか有さない場合がある。
本明細書に記載される組合せ組成物において使用される医薬品または任意の他の成分の量は、治療上有効である量であり得る。本明細書に記載の組合せ組成物中に使用される医薬品または任意の他の成分の量は、治療量未満である量であり得る。一部の実施形態では、薬剤または成分の治療量未満の量を使用すると、薬剤の副作用を低減することができる。治療量未満の量の使用は、特に他の薬剤または成分との相乗作用で使用されるとき、それでも有効であり得る。
本発明の方法のいずれも、遊離アミノ酸形態の分枝鎖アミノ酸の用量および/またはその代謝産物の用量を投与するステップを含み得る。遊離アミノ酸形態の分枝鎖アミノ酸またはその代謝産物の用量は、治療用量であり得る。遊離アミノ酸形態の分枝鎖アミノ酸またはその代謝産物の用量は、治療量未満の用量であり得る。遊離アミノ酸形態のロイシンの治療量未満の用量は、約0.25〜3.0g(例えば、0.25、0.5、0.75、1、1.25、1.5、1.75、2、2.5、3gまたはそれ超)、これらに満たないものまたはこれらを超えるものであり得る。遊離アミノ酸形態のロイシンの治療量未満の用量は、約0.25〜3.0g/日(例えば、0.25、0.5、0.75、1、1.25、1.5、1.75、2、2.5、3g/日またはそれ超)、これらに満たないものまたはこれらを超えるものであり得る。一部の実施形態では、方法は、1日あたり3.0g未満の遊離アミノ酸形態のロイシンを投与するステップを含む。HMBの治療量未満の用量は、約0.05〜3.0g(例えば、0.05、0.1、0.2、0.4、0.5、0.75、1、1.5、2、2.5、3gまたはそれ超)、これらに満たないものまたはこれらを超えるものであり得る。HMBの治療量未満の用量は、約0.05〜3.0g/日(例えば、0.05、0.1、0.2、0.4、0.5、0.75、1、1.5、2、2.5、3g/日またはそれ超)、これらに満たないものまたはこれらを超えるものであり得る。KICの治療量未満の用量は、約0.1〜3.0g(例えば、0.1、0.2、0.4、0.5、0.75、1、1.25、1.5、1.75、2、2.5、3gまたはそれ超)、これらに満たないものまたはこれらを超えるものであり得る。KICの治療量未満の用量は、約0.1〜3.0g/日(例えば、0.1、0.2、0.4、0.5、0.75、1、1.25、1.5、1.75、2、2.5、3g/日またはそれ超)、これらに満たないものまたはこれらを超えるものであり得る。
本発明の方法のいずれも、ポリフェノール、例えば、レスベラトロールの用量を投与するステップを含み得る。用量は、毎日投与されてもよい。用量は、低用量、中用量または高用量であり得る。レスベラトロールの低用量は、約0.5mg、1mg、2.5mg、5mg、7.5mg、10mg、12.5mg、15mg、20mg、25mg、50mg、75mg、100mgもしくはそれ超、これらに満たないものまたはこれらを超えるものを含み得る;レスベラトロールの中用量は、約20mg、25mg、50mg、75mg、100mg、125mg、150mg、175mg、200mg、250mgもしくはそれ超、これらに満たないものまたはこれらを超えるものを含み得る;レスベラトロールの高用量は、約150mg、175mg、200mg、225mg、250mg、300mg、350mg、400mgもしくはそれ超、これらに満たないものまたはこれらを超えるものを含み得る。レスベラトロールの1日低用量は、約0.5mg、1mg、2.5mg、5mg、7.5mg、10mg、12.5mg、15mg、20mg、25mg、50mg、75mg、100mgもしくはそれ超、これらに満たないものまたはこれらを超えるものを含み得る;レスベラトロールの1日中用量は、約20mg、25mg、50mg、75mg、100mg、125mg、150mg、175mg、200mg、250mgもしくはそれ超、これらに満たないものまたはこれらを超えるものを含み得る;レスベラトロールの1日高用量は、約150mg、175mg、200mg、225mg、250mg、300mg、350mg、400mgもしくはそれ超、これらに満たないものまたはこれらを超えるものを含み得る。
本発明の方法のいずれも、チアゾラジンジオンの用量を投与するステップを含み得る。例示的チアゾラジンジオンは、本明細書に記載されている。チアゾラジンジオンの用量は、治療用量または治療量未満の用量であり得る。チアゾラジンジオンは、ロシグリタゾンであり得る。ロシグリタゾンの用量は、少なくとも100μgであり得る。ロシグリタゾンの用量は、約4mgまたは約4mg未満であり得る。ロシグリタゾンの用量は、100μg〜4mgであり得る、200μg〜2mgであり得る、400μg〜1000μgであり得る。チアゾラジンジオンは、ピオグリタゾンであり得る。ピオグリタゾンの用量は、少なくとも100μgであり得る。ピオグリタゾンの用量は、約15mgまたは約15mg未満であり得る。ピオグリタゾンの用量は、100μg〜45mgであり得る、200μg〜10mgであり得る、400μg〜5mgであり得る、500μg〜1mgであり得る。
一部の実施形態では、組成物は、一定量の選択的PDE阻害剤(例えば、それらに限定されないが、シルデナフィルまたはイカリインを含めたPDE−5阻害剤)を含む。PDE阻害剤の量は、治療量未満の量および/または組成物中の1種もしくは複数の他の化合物と、もしくは組成物と同時にもしくは時間的に近接して投与される化合物の1種もしくは複数と相乗的である量であり得る。一部の実施形態では、PDE阻害剤は、低用量、中用量または高用量で投与され、これは、2用量間の関係を説明し、一般に、任意の特定の用量範囲を規定しない。
本明細書に記載される薬剤のいずれも、1種または複数の組成物で対象に投与され得る。本発明の方法のいずれかの実施において使用するための組成物は、本明細書に記載される薬剤の任意の組合せを含み得る。例えば、本発明の組成物は、1、2、3、4または4種超の本明細書に記載される薬剤を含み得る。
単位投与形態を含む組成物は、遊離アミノ酸形態の分枝鎖アミノ酸またはその代謝産物の投与量を提供するよう製剤化され得る。遊離アミノ酸形態の分枝鎖アミノ酸またはその代謝産物の投与量は、治療用量または治療量未満の用量であり得る。例えば、単位投与量組成物は、約10〜3000mg(例えば、50、100、200、250、300、400、500、750、1000、1125、1500または3000mg)の遊離アミノ酸形態のロイシン、5〜500mgのHMB(例えば、5、10、20、50、100、200、300、400または500mgのHMB)、約20〜約300mgのKIC(例えば、20、50、100、200、300mgのKIC)またはそれらの任意の組合せを含み得る。一部の実施形態では、賦形剤(例えば、増量剤)を含まない組成物中の遊離アミノ酸形態の分枝アミノ酸またはその代謝産物(例えば、ロイシン、HMBまたはKIC)の重量%は、50〜95%である。
肝臓量および肝臓脂質蓄積に対する慢性高脂肪食の効果
肝臓量および脂肪肝に対するメトホルミン、レスベラトロールおよびロイシンの種々の組合せの効果
肝臓量および脂肪肝に対するメトホルミンおよびロイシンの種々の組合せの効果
肝臓量および脂肪肝に対するメトホルミンおよびHMBの種々の組合せの効果
肝臓量および脂肪肝に対するPDE5特異的阻害剤およびロイシンの種々の組合せの効果
脂肪肝に対するロイシン、メトホルミンおよびレスベラトロールの種々の組合せの予防効果
脂肪肝に対するHMB、メトホルミンおよびレスベラトロールの種々の組合せの予防効果
脂肪肝に対するロイシンおよびPDE5特異的阻害剤の種々の組合せの予防効果
肝細胞におけるロイシン、メトホルミンおよびシルデナフィルの相互作用効果
非アルコール性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)のマウスモデルにおける、ロイシン−メトホルミン−シルデナフィル対ロイシン−メトホルミンおよびロイシン−シルデナフィルの相互作用効果
非アルコール性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)のヒトにおけるロイシン−メトホルミン−シルデナフィル対ロイシン−メトホルミンおよびロイシン−シルデナフィルの相互作用効果
Claims (73)
- 脂肪肝の低減を必要とする対象において脂肪肝を低減する方法であって、前記対象に
a)一定量の遊離アミノ酸の形態のロイシンおよび/またはその代謝産物、ならびに
b)一定量のサーチュイン経路活性化因子
を投与するステップを含み、
(a)および(b)の投与が、(a)単独の投与よりも大きな程度に脂肪肝を低減し、それによって、前記対象において脂肪肝を低減する、方法。 - 脂肪肝の低減を必要とする対象において脂肪肝を低減する方法であって、前記対象に
a)一定量の遊離アミノ酸の形態のロイシンおよび/またはその代謝産物、ならびに
b)一定量のPDE−5特異的阻害剤
を投与するステップを含み、
(a)および(b)の投与が、(a)単独の投与よりも大きな程度に脂肪肝を低減し、それによって、前記対象において脂肪肝を低減する、方法。 - 脂肪肝への傾向を示す対象において脂肪肝を予防する方法であって、脂肪肝症状が現れる前に、前記対象に、
a)一定量の遊離アミノ酸の形態のロイシンおよび/またはその代謝産物、ならびに
b)一定量のサーチュイン経路活性化因子
を投与するステップを含み、
(a)および(b)の投与が、(a)単独の投与よりも大きな程度に脂肪肝を低減し、それによって、前記対象において脂肪肝を予防する、方法。 - 脂肪肝への傾向を示す対象において脂肪肝を予防する方法であって、脂肪肝症状が現れる前に、前記対象に、
a)一定量の遊離アミノ酸の形態のロイシンおよび/またはその代謝産物、ならびに
b)一定量のPDE−5特異的阻害剤
を投与するステップを含み、
(a)および(b)の前記投与が、(a)単独の投与よりも大きな程度に脂肪肝を低減し、それによって、前記対象において脂肪肝を予防する、方法。 - 脂肪肝の低減を必要とする対象において脂肪肝を低減する方法であって、前記対象に、
a)一定量の遊離アミノ酸の形態のロイシン、
b)一定量のメトホルミン、および
c)一定量のシルデナフィル
を投与するステップを含み、
(a)、(b)および(c)の投与が、(a)単独の投与よりも大きな程度に脂肪肝を低減し、それによって、前記対象において脂肪肝を低減する、方法。 - 脂肪肝への傾向を示す対象において脂肪肝を予防する方法であって、脂肪肝症状が現れる前に、前記対象に、
a)一定量の遊離アミノ酸の形態のロイシン、
b)一定量のメトホルミン、および
c)一定量のシルデナフィル
を投与するステップを含み、
(a)、(b)および(c)の投与が、(a)単独の投与よりも大きな程度に脂肪肝を低減し、それによって、前記対象において脂肪肝を予防する、方法。 - 前記対象に、(c)第2のサーチュイン経路活性化因子を投与するステップをさらに含む、請求項1、2、3、4または5に記載の方法。
- 前記サーチュイン経路活性化因子が、ビグアニドを含み、前記第2のサーチュイン経路活性化因子が、サーチュイン活性化因子を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記サーチュイン経路活性化因子が、サーチュイン活性化因子を含み、前記第2のサーチュイン経路活性化因子が、チアゾリジンジオンを含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記サーチュイン経路活性化因子が、サーチュイン活性化因子を含み、前記第2のサーチュイン経路活性化因子が、PDE5特異的阻害剤を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記サーチュイン経路活性化因子が、ビグアニドを含み、前記第2のサーチュイン経路活性化因子が、チアゾリジンジオンを含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記サーチュイン経路活性化因子が、ビグアニドを含み、前記第2のサーチュイン経路活性化因子が、PDE5特異的阻害剤を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記サーチュイン経路活性化因子が、チアゾリジンジオンを含み、前記第2のサーチュイン経路活性化因子が、PDE5特異的阻害剤を含む、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、少なくとも2ヶ月の経過にわたって、成分(a)、(b)および(c)を含む組成物を周期的に投与される、請求項3、4または6に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、前記脂肪肝と診断されている、請求項1、2または5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記脂肪肝が、超音波検査、コンピューター断層撮影法(CT)、磁気共鳴画像法、血清アラニントランスアミナーゼおよびアスパラギン酸トランスアミナーゼの測定ならびに生検からなる群から選択される1種または複数の方法によって検出可能な肝細胞における脂肪の蓄積によって証明される、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記対象における脂肪肝の前記低減が、超音波検査、コンピューター断層撮影法(CT)、磁気共鳴画像法、血清アラニントランスアミナーゼおよびアスパラギン酸トランスアミナーゼの測定ならびに生検からなる群から選択される1種または複数の方法によって検出可能な肝脂肪の低減によって証明される、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、非アルコール性脂肪肝疾患(NAFLD)を示す、請求項1、2または5のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記NAFLDが、非アルコール性脂肪肝(NAFL)、非アルコール性脂肪性肝炎(NASH)およびNASH関連硬変からなる群から選択される、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 前記対象が、脱力、疲労、原因不明の体重減少、鈍痛および黄疸からなる群から選択される脂肪肝の1種または複数の症状を示す、請求項1、2または5に記載の方法。
- 前記そのロイシン代謝産物が、β−ヒドロキシβ−メチルブチレート(HMB)またはケト−イソカプロン酸(KIC)である、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記対象に投与されるロイシンの前記量が、約0.25〜3g/日である、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記対象に投与されるロイシンの前記量が、約0.25〜3gである、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記対象に投与されるロイシン代謝産物の前記量が、約0.2〜3g/日である、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記対象に投与されるロイシン代謝産物の前記量が、約0.2〜3gである、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 増量剤を除外した前記組成物中の前記ロイシンの重量%が、50〜95重量%である、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 増量剤を除外した前記組成物中の前記ロイシン代謝産物の重量%が、50〜95重量%である、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 増量剤を除外した前記組成物中の前記サーチュイン経路活性化因子の重量%が、5〜50重量%である、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- サーチュイン経路活性化因子に対するロイシンのモル比が、少なくとも約20である、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 成分(a)がヒドロキシメチルブチレートであり、成分(b)がメトホルミンである、請求項1、3または6に記載の方法。
- 成分(a)が、遊離アミノ酸の形態で存在するロイシンであり、成分(b)がメトホルミンである、請求項1、3または6に記載の方法。
- 前記サーチュイン経路活性化因子が、サーチュイン活性化因子である、請求項1、3または6に記載の方法。
- 前記サーチュイン活性化因子が、レスベラトロールである、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 前記サーチュイン活性化因子が、クロロゲン酸、レスベラトロール、コーヒー酸、桂皮酸、フェルラ酸、ピセタノール、エラグ酸、没食子酸エピガロカテキン、ブドウ種子抽出物およびそれらの任意の類似体からなる群から選択されるポリフェノールである、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 前記対象に投与されるレスベラトロールの前記量が、0.5〜100mg/日である、請求項33に記載の方法。
- 前記対象に投与されるクロロゲン酸、コーヒー酸、桂皮酸、フェルラ酸、ピセタノール、エラグ酸、没食子酸エピガロカテキンまたはブドウ種子抽出物またはそれらの任意の類似体の前記量が、0.5〜500mg/日である、請求項34に記載の方法。
- 前記PDE−5特異的阻害剤が、イカリイン、シルデナフィル、タダラフィル、バルデナフィル、アバナフィル、ロデナフィル、ミロデナフィルおよびウデナフィルからなる群から選択される、請求項2、4または6に記載の方法。
- 前記対象に投与されるイカリインの前記量が、1〜2000mg/日である、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記対象に投与されるシルデナフィルの前記量が、0.05〜100mg/日である、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記対象に投与されるタダラフィルの前記量が、0.01〜20mg/日である、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記対象に投与されるバルデナフィルの前記量が、0.01〜20mg/日である、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記対象に投与されるアバナフィルの前記量が、1〜200mg/日である、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記対象に投与されるロデナフィルの前記量が、1〜200mg/日である、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記対象に投与されるミロデナフィルの前記量が、1〜100mg/日である、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記対象に投与されるウデナフィルの前記量が、1〜200mg/日である、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記対象に投与されるザプリナストの前記量が、1〜2000mg/日である、請求項37に記載の方法。
- 前記サーチュイン経路活性化因子が、AMPK活性化因子である、請求項1、3または6に記載の方法。
- 前記AMPK活性化因子が、ビグアニドである、請求項47に記載の方法。
- 前記ビグアニドが、メトホルミンである、請求項48に記載の方法。
- メトホルミンの前記量が、メトホルミンの治療量である、請求項49に記載の方法。
- 前記メトホルミンの前記治療量が、約1g〜約2.55g/日である、請求項50に記載の方法。
- 前記メトホルミンの前記治療量が、約0.5g〜約1.25gである、請求項50に記載の方法。
- 前記メトホルミンの前記量が、メトホルミンの治療量未満の量である、請求項49に記載の方法。
- 前記メトホルミンの前記治療量未満の量が、約20〜1000mgメトホルミン/日である、請求項53に記載の方法。
- 前記メトホルミンの前記治療量未満の量が、約10〜500mgメトホルミンである、請求項54に記載の方法。
- 前記サーチュイン経路活性化因子が、PGC−1α活性化因子である、請求項1、3または6に記載の方法。
- 前記PGC−1α活性化因子が、チアゾリジンジオンである、請求項56に記載の方法。
- 前記チアゾリジンジオンが、ロシグリタゾンおよびピオグリタゾンからなる群から選択される、請求項57に記載の方法。
- 投与されるロシグリタゾンの前記量が、0.1〜4mgである、請求項58に記載の方法。
- 投与されるピオグリタゾンの前記量が、0.1〜45mgである、請求項58に記載の方法。
- サーチュイン経路活性化因子の前記量が、治療量未満の量である、請求項1、3または6に記載の方法。
- 脂肪肝の前記低減が、肝性肝臓空胞の数または大きさまたは密度の低減によって特徴付けられる、請求項1、2または5に記載の方法。
- (a)および(b)の前記量が共投与される、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- (a)および(b)の前記量が、単一組成物として同時に投与される、請求項63に記載の方法。
- (a)および(b)の前記量が、逐次投与される、請求項63に記載の方法。
- すべての前記量が、15分、60分または2時間以内に逐次投与される、請求項65に記載の方法。
- 前記組成物のすべての成分が、15分、60分または2時間投与される、請求項65に記載の方法。
- (a)および(b)を、1日あたり1、2、3、4、5回またはそれを超える回数投与するステップを含む、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- (a)および(b)を1日3回投与するステップを含み、前記対象の肝臓量が、6週間以内に25%減少する、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- 前記組成物が、アラニン、アルギニン、アスパラギン、アスパラギン酸、システイン、グルタミン酸、グルタミン、グリシン、ヒスチジン、イソロイシン、リシン、メチオニン、フェニルアラニン、プロリン、セリン、トレオニン、トリプトファン、チロシンおよびバリンからなる群から選択される1種または複数の遊離アミノ酸を実質的に含まない、前記請求項のいずれかに記載の方法。
- a)一定量の遊離アミノ酸の形態のロイシン、
b)一定量のメトホルミン、および
c)一定量のシルデナフィル
を含む組成物であって、
ロイシンの前記量が、(a)、(b)および(c)の総重量の約50〜95重量%の間であり、メトホルミンの前記量が、(a)、(b)および(c)の総重量の約5〜50重量%の間であり、シルデナフィルの前記量が、(a)、(b)および(c)の総重量の約0.01〜1重量%の間である、組成物。 - 約900〜1200mgのロイシン、約200〜550mgのメトホルミンおよび約0.1〜10mgのシルデナフィルを含む単位用量として製剤化されている、請求項71に記載の組成物。
- 1日2回投与される、請求項71に記載の組成物。
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EP3110507A4 (en) | 2017-11-01 |
US9724319B2 (en) | 2017-08-08 |
RU2016138136A3 (ja) | 2018-09-26 |
US20160067201A1 (en) | 2016-03-10 |
AU2015222754A1 (en) | 2016-09-08 |
RU2016138136A (ru) | 2018-04-02 |
MX2016011063A (es) | 2016-11-30 |
SG11201607075TA (en) | 2016-09-29 |
EP3110507B1 (en) | 2020-11-18 |
KR20160119863A (ko) | 2016-10-14 |
WO2015131152A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
ZA201705908B (en) | 2019-05-29 |
US9872844B2 (en) | 2018-01-23 |
PH12016501668A1 (en) | 2016-11-07 |
AU2015222754B2 (en) | 2020-06-25 |
CA2939833A1 (en) | 2015-09-03 |
US20170065545A1 (en) | 2017-03-09 |
EP3110507A1 (en) | 2017-01-04 |
CN106456997A (zh) | 2017-02-22 |
IL247263A0 (en) | 2016-09-29 |
CN106456997B (zh) | 2018-12-28 |
US20180169043A1 (en) | 2018-06-21 |
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