JP2017114897A - 抗炎症剤としての脂肪酸 - Google Patents
抗炎症剤としての脂肪酸 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017114897A JP2017114897A JP2017032795A JP2017032795A JP2017114897A JP 2017114897 A JP2017114897 A JP 2017114897A JP 2017032795 A JP2017032795 A JP 2017032795A JP 2017032795 A JP2017032795 A JP 2017032795A JP 2017114897 A JP2017114897 A JP 2017114897A
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2009年7月31日出願の米国仮出願番号61/213,946の優先権を主張する。該仮出願の全内容は参照によりここに組み入れられる。
本発明は、National Institutes of Healthによって授与された認可番号R01 HL58115およびR01 HL64937の下での米国政府の支援を得て完成された。米国政府は本発明に一定の権利を有する。
本明細書中で使用される用語「アルキル」とは、1〜24個の炭素原子の分岐または非分岐飽和炭化水素基、例えばメチル、エチル、n-プロピル、イソプロピル、n-ブチル、イソブチル、t-ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、ヘプチル、オクチル、デシル、テトラデシル、ヘキサデシル、エイコシル、テトラコシルなどを意味する。「低級アルキル」基は、1〜6個の炭素原子を含むアルキル基である。
多価不飽和脂肪酸はヒトにおいて多数の有益な健康効果を発揮する。主要な(n-3 PUFA)はエイコサペンタン酸(eicosapentanoic acid) (EPA; (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-エイコサ-5,8,11,14,17-ペンタン酸)およびドコサヘキサン酸(docosahexanoic acid) (DHA; (4E,7E,10Z,13E,16E,19E)-ドコサ-4,7,10,13,16,19-ヘキサン酸)である。EPAおよびDHAはともに、アラキドン酸由来のプロスタノイド合成およびその後のn-3プロスタノイド生産の競合阻害によって抗炎症効果を発揮する。本発明の関連で、求電子性脂肪酸誘導体(EFAD)はn-3 PUFAの酸化的代謝産物である。本発明に基づく典型的なEFADはα,β-不飽和ケト脂肪酸またはその代謝産物である。ケト脂肪酸は、ケトン基が、炭素-炭素二重結合に隣接する炭素原子上にある脂質である。ケト脂肪酸およびその生物学的代謝産物は、生物学的環境(biological mileu)中に存在する求核試薬との付加物形成反応を行うことによって生物学的効果を発揮する。
本発明者らは、COX-2依存性機構によって活性化マクロファージ中で生産される6種の求電子性脂肪酸誘導体(EFAD)を発見した。しかし、細胞のアセチルサリチル酸(ASA)処理により、EFADの形成の割合および細胞内濃度が上昇した。これら6種のEFADは、RAW264.7中で65 nM〜350 nMの範囲のnM濃度で見出され、LPSおよびIFNγ活性化THP-1細胞および初代マウスマクロファージによっても生産された。
異なる炎症症状下でのEFADの形成を、種々の刺激で細胞を処理することによって確認した。ゆえに、LPS、IFNγ、PMA、fMLP、およびKdo2-リピドA (Kdo2)の種々の組み合わせでマクロファージを活性化した(図1cおよび補足図3)。合成内毒素であるKdo2を使用して、EFAD形成への潜在的LPS調製混入物の寄与を回避した。Kdo2-リピドAおよびIFNγの組み合わせはLPSとほぼ同一に作用したため、以降の全ての実験にそれを使用した。これにより、LPS中の成分または混入物自体はEFADの前駆体の役目を務めていないことがさらに確認された。さらに、経時的分析により、EFAD形成が活性化の4〜6時間後に始まり、約10時間でピークに達することが示された(図1dおよび補足図4)。他のEFADの時間依存的形成のプロファイルはEFAD-2のプロファイルに類似であり(データは示されない)、異なる分子種に関して得られた細胞内濃度の範囲は65〜350 nMの範囲であった(表1)。
同定に関わるEFAD中のα,β-不飽和ケトン基の存在の確認は、(10 ppm未満の精度での)質量-飛行時間(TOF)データ、溶出プロファイルの分析に基づき、かつEFADのフラグメンテーション時のCO2の損失の観察に基づいた。ゆえに、DPAのEFAD (EFAD-2)が、全部で5個の二重結合を有する22-炭素脂肪酸テイルの一酸素化(mono-oxygenated)誘導体であることが同定された。BMEが付加されたEFAD-2 (m/z 421 [M-H]-)のMS/MSスペクトルは、m/z 403 ([M-H-H2O])、377 ([M-H-CO2])、343 ([M-H-BME])、325 ([M-H-BME-H2O])、および299 ([M-H-BME-CO2])の特徴的フラグメントイオンを示した(図6a)。これは、以前に報告されたBME付加物のフラグメンテーションパターン22と一致する。
BME技術は、求電子性ケト脂肪酸の、生物学的に重要な代謝産物を特定するために有用である。例えば、発明者らはBME技術を使用して、強力な抗炎症性求電子性シグナル伝達分子である生物活性C-10〜C18代謝産物を探し出した。小さい、低分子量代謝産物は、向上した安定性およびバイオアベイラビリティを有し、それにより、これらの化合物ならびにこれらの脂肪酸代謝産物の誘導体は慢性痛および炎症の治療のための候補薬物になる。
主要なn-3多価不飽和脂肪酸(n-3 PUFA)であるエイコサペンタン酸(EPA; (5Z,8Z,11Z,14Z,17Z)-エイコサ-5,8,11,14,17-ペンタン酸)およびドコサヘキサン酸(DHA; (4E,7E,10Z,13E,16E,19E)-ドコサ-4,7,10,13,16,19-ヘキサン酸)は、ヒトでの多数の有益な健康効果と結び付けられている。特に、健常個体の脳および網膜組織はDHAに富み、かつDHAはこれらの組織の正常な発達および機能に必要である1,2。さらに、飲食物中のDHAの消費は、神経認知の減退の減少3、糖尿病でのインスリン抵抗性の改善4、心筋梗塞などの心血管リスクの発生率の低下5、および炎症の減少6に関与する。EPAおよびDHAはともに、アラキドン酸由来のプロスタノイド合成、およびその後のn-3プロスタノイド生産の競合阻害によって抗炎症効果を発揮し、血管拡張を誘発し、血小板凝集を阻害し7、かつその機構が依然として不明である一連の抗炎症イベントを促進する能力を有する。
1. COX-2の役割
いかなる特定の理論によって拘束されることも望まないが、本発明者らは、活性化細胞中でCOX-2依存的機構を介してEFADが生産されると考える。例えば、EFADをPUFAのα,β-不飽和オキソ-誘導体として特定するプロセスでは、その合成に関与する経路を決定するための一連の実験を実施した。Kdo2およびIFNγで活性化されかつ種々のインヒビターで処理されたRAW264.7細胞中でEFADレベルを定量した(図7a、図17、および表1)。
PUFAから、その対応するオキソ-誘導体への変換は、COX-2に加えてヒドロデヒドロゲナーゼの存在を必要とする。例えば、活性化または非活性化RAW264.7細胞由来の可溶化物を、EFAD-2前駆体であるDPAおよびOH-DPAとインキュベートした。活性化および非活性化細胞可溶化物をNAD+の存在下でOH-DPAとインキュベートすると、EFAD-2の時間依存的生産が生じた(図7g)。対照的に、DPAとインキュベートした場合、活性化細胞由来の可溶化物のみがOH-DPAおよびEFAD-2の時間依存的生産を示した(図7g〜i)。
上記のように、本発明の化合物は生物学的チオールと反応して可逆的共有結合性付加物を形成することができる。ゆえに、EFADなどの細胞内RESは、Nrf2インヒビターKeap1のチオール依存的改変を介するNrf2依存的抗酸化反応経路の活性化を促進する。これは、転写因子Nrf2の核移行およびその標的遺伝子の発現を誘発する28。例えば、17-オキソDHAおよび17-オキソDPAは用量依存的Nrf2核蓄積および細胞保護酵素ヘムオキシゲナーゼ1 (HO-1)およびNAD(P)H:キノン酸化還元酵素1 (Nqo1)の発現を促進した(図11aおよび11b)。
多数の生物活性分子中で見出されるα,β-不飽和ケトン単位は医薬品化学における重要なシントンである。α,β-不飽和ケトン単位を含む生物活性分子に関して、いくつかの合成が報告されている。Synder, B. et al., Org Lett., (2001), 3(4), 569-572およびBamford, S. et al., Org Lett., (2000), 2(8), 1157-1160を参照のこと。
その態様の1つにしたがって、本発明は、式I〜IIIに適合するケト脂肪酸、その代謝産物または模倣物、およびその製薬的に許容される塩、溶媒和物または水和物および製薬的に許容される担体の製剤を提供する。本発明の化合物に加えて1種以上の治療物質を有する製剤も想定される。本発明の製剤に加えられる薬物の非限定的な例には、化学療法剤、抗体、抗ウイルス剤、ステロイド性および非ステロイド性抗炎症剤、慣用の免疫療法剤、サイトカイン、ケモカイン、および/または成長因子が含まれる。さらなる態様では、本発明の組成物は、一緒に製剤化された2種以上の上記の式I〜IIIの化合物を含む。
本発明の化合物は、それが有効である任意の経路によって任意の慣用の様式で投与することができる。投与は全身性または局所性であってよい。例えば、投与は、非限定的に、非経口、皮下、静脈内、筋肉内、腹腔内、経皮、経口、口腔内または眼内の経路、または膣内、吸入、デポー注射、または移植による投与であってよい。特定の実施形態では、投与は非経口または静脈内であってよく、すべて、長期の全身取り込み、組織半減期および細胞内送達に好都合な安定化添加物の存在下または不存在下であってよい。ゆえに、(単独のまたは他の医薬品と組み合わせた)本発明の化合物の投与様式は注射様式(皮下または筋肉内に注射される短時間作用性、デポー、移植およびペレット形式が含まれる)であってよい。一部の実施形態では、本発明の化合物を含む注射用製剤は、傷害または炎症部位、例えば、関節鏡検査、血管形成術、ステント留置、バイパス術などに起因する外科的切開部位または炎症部位に入れることができる。
本発明に基づく化合物は、多数の急性および慢性の炎症および代謝症状を治療し、改善し、かつ/または予防するために個体に投与することができる。特に式I〜IIIに記載の化合物ならびにその代謝産物を使用して、急性症状、例えば、一般的炎症、自己免疫疾患、自己炎症性疾患、動脈狭窄、臓器移植拒絶およびやけど、および慢性症状、例えば、慢性肺損傷および呼吸困難、糖尿病、高血圧症、肥満症、関節炎、神経変性障害および種々の皮膚障害を治療することができる。しかし、他の実施形態では、本発明の化合物を使用して、例えば、関節炎、ループス、ライム病、痛風、敗血症、高体温、潰瘍、全腸炎、骨粗鬆症、ウイルスまたは細菌感染、サイトメガロウイルス、歯周病、糸球体腎炎、サルコイドーシス、肺疾患、肺炎症、肺の線維症、喘息、後天性呼吸困難症候群、タバコ誘発性肺疾患、肉芽腫形成、肝臓の線維症、移植片対宿主病、術後炎症、血管形成術、ステント留置またはバイパス移植後の冠血管および末梢血管再狭窄、冠動脈バイパス移植(CABG)、急性および慢性白血病、Bリンパ球白血病、新生物疾患、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、心筋炎症、乾癬、免疫不全、播種性血管内血液凝固、全身性硬化症、筋萎縮性側索硬化症、多発性硬化症、パーキンソン病、アルツハイマー病、脳脊髄炎、浮腫、炎症性腸疾患、高IgE症候群、癌転移または増殖、養子免疫療法、再潅流症候群、放射線熱傷、脱毛症などの慢性または急性炎症が含まれる症状を有する任意の症状を治療することができる。
材料
ジクロフェナク、メチルアラキドニルフルオロホスホナート、MK886、(±)-イブプロフェン、インドメタシン、NS-398、15d-PGJ2、4-ヒドロキシ-2-ノネナール、9-オキソODE、5-オキソETEd7、12-オキソETE、15-オキソEDE、9-オキソOTrE、17-オキソDPA、および17-オキソDHAをCayman Chemicals (Ann Arbor, MI)から購入した。ヒツジ胎盤COX-2 (Cayman 60120)もCayman Chemicalsから購入した。DPAおよびDHAをNuCheck Prep (Elysian, MN)から購入した。Kdo2リピドAをAvanti Polar Lipids, Inc (Alabaster, AL)から購入した。HPLC溶媒をHoneywell Burdick and Jackson (USA)から購入した。グルタチオンおよびグルタチオンS-トランスフェラーゼをSigma-Aldrichから購入した。
マウス単球/マクロファージ細胞(RAW264.7)およびヒト単球細胞(THP-1)をATCC (USA)から入手し、ATCCの指針にしたがってDMEM + 10% FBS (RAW264.7)およびRPMI + 10% FBS (THP-1)中で5% CO2中で37℃で維持した。L-細胞をATCC (CCL-1)から入手し、10% FBS、グルタミン(2 mM)、ピルビン酸ナトリウム(1 mM)、ペニシリン、ストレプトミオシン(streptomyocin)および非必須アミノ酸を補充したDMEM中で5% CO2中で37℃で維持した。
解凍後、可溶化物をBME (500 mM + 内部標準、5-オキソETEd7 (1.25 ng/ml))に曝露し、以前に報告される22ように50 mMリン酸バッファー(pH= 7.4)中で37℃で1時間インキュベートした。タンパク質を冷アセトニトリルで沈殿させ、上清をHPLC-ESI-MS/MSによって分析した。
20 x 2 mm C18 Mercury MSカラム(3μm, Phenomenex)を使用する逆相HPLCによってサンプルを分離した。A (水/0.1%ギ酸)およびB (アセトニトリル/0.1%ギ酸)からなるグラジエント溶媒系を、以下の条件: 35% Bで0.5分維持、次いで35〜90% Bで4分、90〜100% Bで0.1分、1.4分維持および100〜35% Bで0.1分、1.9分維持の条件下で750μl/分で使用した。異性体の分割を達成するために、150 x 2 mm C18 Lunaカラム(3μm, Phenomenex)を使用してクロマトグラフィーを実施した。以下の条件: 35% Bで3分維持、次いで35〜90 % Bで23分、次いで90〜100% Bで0.1分、5.9分維持および100〜35% Bで0.1分、7.9分維持の条件下で250μl/分の流速を使用した。BME付加物の分析および定量化は、ハイブリッド三重項四重極-線形イオントラップ質量分析計(4000 Q trap, Applied Biosystems/MDS Sciex)を使用し、ニュートラルロス(NL)スキャンモード、多重反応モニタリング(MRM)スキャンモード、および増感プロダクトイオン分析(EPI)モードで実施した。以下の設定: それぞれ遊離脂肪酸およびBME付加物のデクラスタリングポテンシャル(declustering potential) -90および-50 V、および衝突エネルギー-30および-17 Vを使用した。ゼログレードエアーをソースガスとして使用し、かつ衝突室中でN2を使用した。利用可能であれば外部合成標準を使用し、かつアナライトと5-オキソETEd7内部標準との間のピーク面積比を比較することによってEFADを定量した。データを取得し、Analyst 1.4.2ソフトウェア(Applied Biosystems, Framingham, MA)を使用して解析した。
ヒツジ胎盤COX-2 (20 U/ml)をTris/ヘム/フェノール(THP)バッファー±2 mM ASA中で37℃でプレインキュベートした。各反応前に新たに調製されるTHPバッファーはTris・Cl (100 mM, pH 8.1)、ヘマチン(1μM)、およびフェノール(1μM)から構成された。10μMの濃度の指定の脂肪酸を加えることによって反応を開始させた。指定の時点で氷冷アセトニトリル(9 x 反応容量)を加えることによって反応を終結させ、COX-2タンパク質を遠心分離によって取り出した。CO2の損失(OH-DPAおよびOH-DHAに関してそれぞれm/z 345/301およびm/z 343/299)を追跡する多重反応モニタリング(MRM)モードのRP-HPLC-MS/MSによって生成物形成をモニターした。
Daviesによって開発されたプロトコールにしたがってC57BL/6マウスから骨髄由来マクロファージを単離した。Davies, J.Q. & Gordon, S. Isolation and culture of murine macrophages. Methods Mol Biol 290, 91-103 (2005)を参照のこと。
サンプルのタンパク質濃度をBCAアッセイ(Pierce)によって測定した。以下の一次抗体を使用した: Nrf2 (Santa Cruz, sc-722)、HO-1 (Assay Design, SPA-896)、Nqo1 (Abcam, ab34173)、Cox-2 (Santa Cruz, sc-1745)、iNOS (BD Transduction Lab, 610332)、ラミン B1 (Abcam, ab16048)。アクチン(Sigma A2066によって検出)を負荷コントロールとして使用した。二次抗体をSanta Cruz Biotechnologyから購入した。
Nitrate/Nitrite Colorimetric Assay Kit (Cayman Chemical)を使用するGriess反応によって細胞培養培地中の総亜硝酸および硝酸化合物濃度を測定した。
Thermo-Fisher LTQと連結されたnanoACQUITY UltraPerformance LCを使用するナノ-LC-MS/MSによって細胞ペレットおよび培地中のGS付加物を分析した。GS-5-オキソETE-d7を内部標準として加えた。Waters XBridge BEH130 C18 NanoEaseカラム(3.5μm, 100μm x 100mm)を使用した。0.5μl/分のA (H2O/0.1%ギ酸)およびB (アセトニトリル/0.1%ギ酸)からなるバイナリーフローシステムを使用し、以下の条件: 1.5% Bで3分維持、次いで1.5〜30% Bで10分、次いで30〜70% Bで27分の条件下でクロマトグラフィーを実施した。GS-5-オキソETE-d7、GS-オキソDHAおよびGS-オキソDPAの同定に関して、それぞれ、以下の親イオン: 633.3、650.3および652.3をモニターした。
データを平均±SDとして表記し、多重対比較用の一元配置分散分析、post-hoc Tukey法によって評価した。特に指定されない限り、有意性をp<0.01として決定した。
RESは、α-炭素を電子不足で、かつ電子に富むドナー分子(求核試薬)に対して反応性にする電子吸引性官能基を有することによって特徴付けられる分子である。電子吸引基の強度は求電子試薬の反応性を決定する。これらの電子吸引基の2つの顕著な例はα,β-不飽和カルボニルおよびニトロアルケンであり、ここに、β-炭素が(少なくとも1個の水素原子と結合していれば)求核攻撃の部位である。これらのような求電子試薬の共鳴構造は、それらが、マイケル付加を介して多数の求核試薬と共有結合によって反応することを可能にする。興味深いことに、求電子性化合物の反応性は各求電子試薬の生物学的結果に直接関係すると思われ13、不可逆的付加物は毒性作用を有する14。さらに、RESはまた、GSH/GSSG酸化還元対を変化させることによって細胞酸化還元電位をモジュレートし、それは根底にある細胞シグナル伝達にさらに影響を与えうる。タンパク質に共有結合性の改変を施すことによって、RESは細胞シグナル伝達イベントを開始させ、かつ酵素活性および細胞内局在をモジュレートすることができる15。健常細胞ではRES生産およびレベルは厳密にコントロールされ、低レベルのこれらの分子種が細胞生存遺伝子の発現を誘発し、一部の事例では、細胞に、ストレス期間を切り抜けて生き残る用意をさせる。対照的に、病理学的条件下では、RESは過剰生産されることがよくあり、シグナル伝達イベントおよび防御経路に打ち勝って細胞損傷を加速させる16。最近、種々の疾患、例えば神経変性、癌、および顕著な炎症成分を示す他の病状の予防または治療にRESを用いる方向への動きがある。例えば、求電子性神経突起伸長促進性のプロスタグランジン化合物は脳虚血/再潅流時の防御作用を示し、それは、ニューロン中のその蓄積およびその後のKeap1/Nrf2経路の活性化に起因する17。他のRES (例えばアビシン18およびビス(2-ヒドロキシベンジリデン)アセトン19、イソチオシアネート20)は、前癌細胞および腫瘍細胞のアポトーシスを誘発するその能力のせいで、潜在的な化学防御剤(chemopreventative agents)である。さらに、求電子試薬15d-PGJ2は急性肺損傷の動物モデルにおいて防御機能を示す21。
RAW 264.7細胞(および潜在的に他のマクロファージ細胞系)は、改変されたAA代謝を有するため26、EFADの形成が初代細胞系で同様に生じることを示すことが重要であった。ゆえに、C57BL/6マウス初代造血幹細胞をマクロファージに分化させ、Kdo2およびIFNγで活性化し、EFADの形成を分析した。6種のEFAD分子種のうちの5種(EFAD-1、2、-3、-5および-6)が観察され、それらをRAW 264.7細胞によって生産されたものおよび利用可能な標準と共溶出させた。RAW264.7細胞で観察されたものと同様に、活性化骨髄由来マクロファージ(BMDM)細胞をASAで処理すると、EFAD形成の程度が約2〜3倍増加し、EFAD-1および-2の場合、異性体組成は13-オキソから17-オキソ分子種にシフトした(図8)。
EFADなどの生物学的求電子試薬は、タンパク質のスルフヒドリル基、ならびに細胞還元剤GSHと反応する15,27〜29。異なるアプローチを使用して、EFADによるタンパク質および小分子スルフヒドリルとの付加物形成の発生および程度が示されている。活性化細胞でのスルフヒドリル付加物の発生を示すために、総EFAD含量を定量し、遊離EFAD (グルタチオンなどの小分子と付加物形成したEFADを含む)のプールと比較した。2群間の差異から、タンパク質と付加物形成したEFADのパーセンテージ(〜51%)が得られた(図9a)。遊離型と付加物型との間の細胞内EFADの分布を確認するために、遊離型および付加物型の両EFADをBMEと反応させた。BMEを伴う遊離EFADとBMEを伴う付加物形成EFADの反応速度論の差異を使用して、遊離型と付加物型との間の細胞内EFADの分布を確認した。
広範囲の脂質シグナル伝達メディエーターに関する現在の知識にもかからわず、Harkewiczらによって提起された疑問は依然として残る:「生物学的に重要なエイコサノイド[または他の脂肪酸由来代謝産物]は見落とされていないか?」。ここに本発明者らは、負に帯電した脂質代謝産物の検索を、可逆的求電子活性およびしたがって潜在的シグナル伝達能を有するものに集中させることによってこの疑問に対処する。本研究で使用された方法により、活性化マクロファージによって生産される6種の新規EFAD、ならびにオキソETE (データは示されない)が検出された。本発明者らが知っている限り、これらの分子種のうちの5種は、哺乳類細胞によって形成される関連する炎症メディエーターまたは代謝産物として以前に報告されていない(EFAD-5はオキソETrEと一致するかもしれない)。興味深いことに、15d-PGJ2は本研究で観察されなかった; 15d-PGJ2のレベルは検出のためには低すぎたかもしれず、15d-PGJ2によるものとされることがよくある効果にも、本明細書中で報告される新規分子種が関与するかもしれないことが示唆される。
Claims (6)
- (a) 以下の式(I)に記載の脂肪酸:
Wは=Oであり、かつVは-C-であり;
Xは-OHであり;
YはOであり;
aおよびfは、独立して、0〜15の整数であり;
bおよびeは、独立して、0〜5の整数であり;
cおよびdは、独立して、0〜2の整数であり;
dが0でない場合、cは0であり;
cが0でない場合、dは0であり; および
和(a + b + c + e + f)および(a + b + d + e + f)は、独立して、nが、両端を含む3〜15の範囲の整数である式2nまたは2n+1を満たす整数に等しく;
-Ra、-Ra'、-Rb、-Rb'、-Rc、および-Rc'は、-Hである。];
および
(b) 製薬的に許容される担体、賦形剤または希釈剤
を含む医薬製剤。 - 式(I)の脂肪酸が、
13-オキソ-(7Z,10Z,14A,16Z,19Z)-ドコサ-7,10,14,16,19-ペンタンエン酸、
17-オキソ-(7Z,10Z,13Z,15A,19Z)-ドコサ-7,10,13,15,19-ペンタンエン酸、
13-オキソ-(4Z,7Z,10Z,14A,16Z,19Z)-ドコサ-4,7,10,14,16,19-ヘキサンエン酸、または
17-オキソ-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15A,19Z)-ドコサ-4,7,10,13,15,19-ヘキサンエン酸
であり、ここにAはEまたはZ立体配置のいずれかを示す、請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。 - 炎症症状の治療に使用するための、請求項1に記載の医薬製剤。
- 炎症症状が、移植のための臓器保存、骨関節炎、慢性閉塞性肺疾患(COPD)、アテローム性動脈硬化症、高血圧症、同種移植拒絶、骨盤内炎症性疾患、潰瘍性大腸炎、クローン病、肺でのアレルギー性炎症、悪液質、卒中、うっ血性心不全、肺線維症、肝炎、グリア芽細胞腫、ギラン・バレー症候群、全身性エリテマトーデス、ウイルス性心筋炎、移植後臓器保護、急性膵炎、過敏性腸疾患、一般的炎症、自己免疫疾患、自己炎症性疾患、動脈狭窄、臓器移植拒絶およびやけど、慢性肺損傷および呼吸困難、インスリン依存性糖尿病、インスリン非依存性糖尿病、高血圧症、肥満症、関節炎、神経変性障害、ループス、ライム病、痛風、敗血症、高体温、潰瘍、全腸炎、骨粗鬆症、ウイルスまたは細菌感染、サイトメガロウイルス、歯周病、糸球体腎炎、サルコイドーシス、肺疾患、肺炎症、肺の線維症、喘息、後天性呼吸困難症候群、タバコ誘発性肺疾患、肉芽腫形成、肝臓の線維症、移植片対宿主病、術後炎症、血管形成術、ステント留置またはバイパス移植後の冠血管および末梢血管再狭窄、冠動脈バイパス移植(CABG)、急性および慢性白血病、Bリンパ球白血病、新生物疾患、動脈硬化症、アテローム性動脈硬化症、心筋炎症、乾癬、免疫不全、播種性血管内血液凝固、全身性硬化症、筋萎縮性側索硬化症、多発性硬化症、パーキンソン病、アルツハイマー病、脳脊髄炎、浮腫、炎症性腸疾患、高IgE症候群、癌転移または増殖、養子免疫療法、再潅流症候群、放射線熱傷、円形脱毛症(alopecia areta)、虚血、心筋梗塞、動脈狭窄、関節リウマチ、冠血管再狭窄、神経認知の減退およびインスリン抵抗性からなる群から選択される、請求項3に記載の医薬製剤。
- 肺の線維症または肝臓の線維症を治療するための医薬の調製における、以下:
13-オキソ-(7Z,10Z,14A,16Z,19Z)-ドコサ-7,10,14,16,19-ペンタンエン酸、
17-オキソ-(7Z,10Z,13Z,15A,19Z)-ドコサ-7,10,13,15,19-ペンタンエン酸、
13-オキソ-(4Z,7Z,10Z,14A,16Z,19Z)-ドコサ-4,7,10,14,16,19-ヘキサンエン酸、または
17-オキソ-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15A,19Z)-ドコサ-4,7,10,13,15,19-ヘキサンエン酸
(ここにAはEまたはZ立体配置のいずれかを示す)
からなる群より選択される脂肪酸と、製薬的に許容される担体、賦形剤または希釈剤とを含む医薬製剤の使用。 - 肺の線維症または肝臓の線維症を治療するための医薬の調製における、以下:
13-オキソ-(7Z,10Z,14A,16Z,19Z)-ドコサ-7,10,14,16,19-ペンタンエン酸、
17-オキソ-(7Z,10Z,13Z,15A,19Z)-ドコサ-7,10,13,15,19-ペンタンエン酸、
13-オキソ-(4Z,7Z,10Z,14A,16Z,19Z)-ドコサ-4,7,10,14,16,19-ヘキサンエン酸、または
17-オキソ-(4Z,7Z,10Z,13Z,15A,19Z)-ドコサ-4,7,10,13,15,19-ヘキサンエン酸
(ここにAはEまたはZ立体配置のいずれかを示す)
からなる群より選択される脂肪酸の使用。
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JP6517253B2 (ja) | 2019-05-22 |
EP2459189A1 (en) | 2012-06-06 |
US20180008580A1 (en) | 2018-01-11 |
US9750725B2 (en) | 2017-09-05 |
US10213417B2 (en) | 2019-02-26 |
JP2013500966A (ja) | 2013-01-10 |
US11723897B2 (en) | 2023-08-15 |
US20150306074A1 (en) | 2015-10-29 |
US10835518B2 (en) | 2020-11-17 |
WO2011014261A1 (en) | 2011-02-03 |
CA2769624A1 (en) | 2011-02-03 |
US9066902B2 (en) | 2015-06-30 |
US20120136034A1 (en) | 2012-05-31 |
CA2769624C (en) | 2018-09-11 |
EP3045167A1 (en) | 2016-07-20 |
US20190275009A1 (en) | 2019-09-12 |
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US20210236469A1 (en) | 2021-08-05 |
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