JP2017036326A - ヒアルロン酸フラグメントを有効成分とする組織恒常性維持剤 - Google Patents
ヒアルロン酸フラグメントを有効成分とする組織恒常性維持剤 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【解決手段】3糖及び/又は4糖のヒアルロン酸フラグメント、その薬学的に許容される塩又はその薬学的に許容される溶媒和物を、組織恒常性維持剤の有効成分として用いる。前記ヒアルロン酸フラグメントは、組織中の幹細胞を増殖しかつ分化を誘導するために用いられることが好ましい。また、その幹細胞性維持がサーチュイン誘導によるものであることが好ましい。
【選択図】図1
Description
[1]2糖以上20糖以下のサイズから選択されるヒアルロン酸フラグメント、その薬学的に許容される塩又はその薬学的に許容される溶媒和物を有効成分として含有することを特徴とするサーチュイン誘導剤。
[2]前記ヒアルロン酸フラグメントが3糖以上10糖以下のサイズから選択されるヒアルロン酸フラグメントである、上記[1]記載のサーチュイン誘導剤。
[3]前記ヒアルロン酸フラグメントが3糖又は4糖のヒアルロン酸フラグメントである、上記[1]記載のサーチュイン誘導剤。
[4]心臓疾患、動脈硬化、骨粗鬆症、炎症性腸炎、認知症、脳卒中、メタボリックシンドローム、癌、肺疾患、腎疾患、糖尿病、変形性関節症、リウマチ、プロジェリア、放射線障害、筋疾患、脳発達障害、神経疾患、高血圧、又は肥満の治療及び/又は予防、又は老化抑制のために用いられる、上記[1]〜[3]のいずれか1つに記載のサーチュイン誘導剤。
[5]医薬品、機能性食品、又は化粧料の形態で用いられる、上記[1]〜[3]のいずれか1つに記載のサーチュイン誘導剤。
[6]2糖以上20糖以下のサイズから選択されるヒアルロン酸フラグメント、その薬学的に許容される塩又はその薬学的に許容される溶媒和物を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする組織修復剤。
[7]前記ヒアルロン酸フラグメントが3糖以上10糖以下のサイズから選択されるヒアルロン酸フラグメントである、上記[6]記載の組織修復剤。
[8]前記ヒアルロン酸フラグメントが3糖又は4糖のヒアルロン酸フラグメントである、上記[6]記載の組織修復剤。
[9]角膜、皮膚、上皮組織、神経組織、又は心筋組織の修復に用いられる、上記[6]〜[8]のいずれか1つに記載の組織修復剤。
[10]医薬品、機能性食品、又は化粧料の形態で用いられる、上記[6]〜[8]のいずれか1つに記載の組織修復剤。
[11]2糖以上20糖以下のサイズから選択されるヒアルロン酸フラグメント、その薬学的に許容される塩又はその薬学的に許容される溶媒和物を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする肝細胞増殖因子誘導剤。
[12]前記ヒアルロン酸フラグメントが3糖以上10糖以下のサイズから選択されるヒアルロン酸フラグメントである、上記[11]記載の肝細胞増殖因子誘導剤。
[13]前記ヒアルロン酸フラグメントが3糖又は4糖のヒアルロン酸フラグメントである、上記[11]記載の肝細胞増殖因子誘導剤。
[14]肝臓障害の治療及び/又は予防、又は臓器保存のために用いられる、上記[11]〜[13]のいずれか1つに記載の肝細胞増殖因子誘導剤。
[15]医薬品、機能性食品、又は化粧料の形態で用いられる、上記[11]〜[13]のいずれか1つに記載の肝細胞増殖因子誘導剤。
[16]2糖以上20糖以下のサイズから選択されるヒアルロン酸フラグメント、その薬学的に許容される塩又はその薬学的に許容される溶媒和物を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする組織恒常性維持剤。
[17]前記ヒアルロン酸フラグメントが3糖以上10糖以下のサイズから選択されるヒアルロン酸フラグメントである、上記[16]記載の組織恒常性維持剤。
[18]前記ヒアルロン酸フラグメントが3糖又は4糖のヒアルロン酸フラグメントである、上記[16]記載の組織恒常性維持剤。
[19]組織中の細胞の幹細胞性を維持しかつ分化を誘導するために用いられる、上記[16]〜[18]のいずれか1つに記載の組織恒常性維持剤。
[20]医薬品、機能性食品、又は化粧料の形態で用いられる、上記[16]〜[18]のいずれか1つに記載の組織恒常性維持剤。
[21]2糖以上20糖以下のサイズから選択されるヒアルロン酸フラグメント、その薬学的に許容される塩又はその薬学的に許容される溶媒和物を有効成分として含有することを特徴とするTLR4作用剤。
[22]前記ヒアルロン酸フラグメントが3糖以上10糖以下のサイズから選択されるヒアルロン酸フラグメントである、上記[21]記載のTLR4作用剤。
[23]前記ヒアルロン酸フラグメントが3糖又は4糖のヒアルロン酸フラグメントである、上記[21]記載のTLR4作用剤。
[24]角膜、皮膚、肝臓、神経組織、腎臓、肺、心臓、骨格筋、膵臓、又は血管における疾患の治療及び/又は予防のために用いられる、上記[21]〜[23]のいずれか1つに記載のTLR4作用剤。
[25]医薬品、機能性食品、又は化粧料の形態で用いられる、上記[21]〜[23]のいずれか1つに記載のTLR4作用剤。
本発明で使用するヒアルロン酸フラグメントは、ヒアルロン酸の構成単位である、D−グルクロン酸とN−アセチル−D−グルコサミンとがグリコシド結合してなる二糖単位を少なくとも含み、2糖以上20糖以下のサイズのものを意味する。具体的には、下記式(1)、式(2)、式(3)又は式(4)で表わされる構造を有するヒアルロン酸フラグメントである。
(式(1)中、GlcAはグルクロン酸残基を、GlcNAcはN−アセチルグルコサミン残基を、−はグリコシド結合を、nは0〜9の整数を示す。)
GlcA(−GlcNAc−GlcA)n (2)
(式(2)中、GlcAはグルクロン酸残基を、GlcNAcはN−アセチルグルコサミン残基を、−はグリコシド結合を、nは0〜9の整数を示す。)
GlcNAc(−GlcA−GlcNAc)n−GlcA (3)
(式(3)中、GlcAはグルクロン酸残基を、GlcNAcはN−アセチルグルコサミン残基を、−はグリコシド結合を、nは0〜9の整数を示す。)
GlcNAc(−GlcA−GlcNAc)n (4)
(式(4)中、GlcAはグルクロン酸残基を、GlcNAcはN−アセチルグルコサミン残基を、−はグリコシド結合を、nは0〜9の整数を示す。)
なお、上記式中のGlcA−GlcNAcにおけるグリコシド結合はβ1→3結合であることが好ましく、GlcNAc−GlcAにおけるグリコシド結合はβ1→4結合であることが好ましい。
本発明で使用するヒアルロン酸フラグメントは、動物等の天然物から抽出されたもの、微生物を培養して得られたものであってよく、また、化学的もしくは酵素的に合成されたものを使用してもよい。好ましくは、例えば鶏冠、臍体、皮膚、関節液などの生体組織から公知の抽出法によって得ることができるヒアルロン酸を酵素分解、酸分解、塩基分解、加熱処理、超音波処理などの分解処理した後、公知の精製法によってヒアルロン酸フラグメントを精製することにより製造することができる。また、乳酸菌やストレプトコッカス属の細菌等を用いた発酵法によって生成されるヒアルロン酸を出発原料として同様に製造することができる。更には、市販の高分子量のヒアルロン酸を出発原料としてもよい。
本発明に係るサーチュイン誘導剤、組織修復剤、肝細胞増殖因子誘導剤、組織恒常性維持剤、又はTLR4作用剤は、上記に説明したヒアルロン酸フラグメント、その薬学的に許容される塩又はその薬学的に許容される溶媒和物(以下、単に「ヒアルロン酸フラグメント」という。)を、その有効成分として含有するものである。
サーチュイン蛋白質は、SIRT1遺伝子の翻訳産物であり、ヒストンを脱アセチル化する酵素である。サーチュイン蛋白質が発現した細胞では、ヒストンからアセチル基が外れ、DNAがヒストンに巻き付く力が強くなる。DNAがヒストンに強く巻き付いた結果、その領域の遺伝子の発現は低下し、これにより特定の遺伝子や転写因子の発現が調節される。また、DNAの損傷も減少する。サーチュイン蛋白質は、また、ストレス抵抗性、脂肪・グルコース代謝、神経細胞の分化など、さまざまな細胞機能の調節作用を担うことで細胞、組織又は生物個体の寿命の決定に関与している。
本発明に係る組織修復剤は、生体組織の創傷部位や、欠損部位の組織の修復を促進するものである。より具体的には、生体組織の創傷部位や欠損部位の細胞増殖を促進し、又は細胞の分化を誘導することで、生体組織の創傷部位や、欠損部位の組織の修復を促進することができる。
肝細胞増殖因子(HGF)は、分子量約6万の重鎖と約3.5万の軽鎖がジスルフィド結合したヘテロダイマーの構造を有するタンパク質である。肝細胞増殖因子は生体内において合成された後、N末端シグナルペプチドの除去、細胞外への分泌を経て、HGFアクチベーター又はウロキナーゼ(u−PA)などにより2本鎖に切断され活性型となる。
組織老化は、組織幹細胞の枯渇によることが報告されている(Nishimura EK, Granter SR, Fisher DE「Mechanisms of hair graying: incomplete melanocyte stem cell maintenance in the niche.」Science. 2005 Feb 4;307(5710):720-4)。すなわち、組織老化は、組織において細胞が新生増殖しないことと、構成細胞が機能不全になることにより起こる。したがって、組織老化を防ぐには、<1>組織幹細胞の維持・増殖と<2>機能する細胞である成熟・分化した細胞の誘導ならびに<3>成熟・分化した細胞をなるべく機能するように保つことが必要である。
後述する実施例により、ヒアルロン酸フラグメントは、サーチュイン蛋白質の発現を促進し、その発現誘導はTLR4(toll様レセプター4)を介する作用によりもたらされることが判明した。また、ヒアルロン酸フラグメントは、TNF−α処理によって引き起こされるNF−kappaBの発現量の増加を抑制し、その抑制もTLR4を介する作用によりもたらされることが判明した。更に、ヒアルロン酸フラグメントは、種々の原因に起因する細胞老化を抑制する作用効果を有し、その抑制もTLR4を介する作用によりもたらされることが判明した。更にまた、ヒアルロン酸フラグメントは、組織保存液に保存した後の組織の障害を軽減する作用効果を有し、その軽減もTLR4を介する作用によりもたらされることが判明した。更にまた、ヒアルロン酸フラグメントは、細胞分化を誘導し、その誘導もTLR4を介する作用によりもたらされることが判明した。
角膜疾患:ドライアイ、角膜上皮障害、角膜上皮剥離、炎症による角膜組織破壊など
Johnson AC, Heinzel FP, Diaconu E, Sun Y, Hise AG, Golenbock D, Lass JH, Pearlman E「Activation of toll-like receptor (TLR)2, TLR4, and TLR9 in the mammalian cornea induces MyD88-dependent corneal inflammation.」Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2005 Feb;46(2):589-95.
皮膚疾患:褥瘡,皮膚潰瘍、感染・炎症による皮膚組織破壊など
1. Tuon FF, Fernandes ER, Duarte MI, Amato VS「The expression of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 in the epidermis of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis.」J Dermatol Sci. 2010 Jul;59(1):55-7.
2. Yuan ZQ, Bennett L, Campo MS, Nasir L「Bovine papillomavirus type 1 E2 and E7 proteins down-regulate Toll Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) expression in equine fibroblasts.」Virus Res. 2010 Apr;149(1):124-7.
3. Wang X, Bi Z, Wang Y, Wang Y「Increased MAPK and NF-κB expression of Langerhans cells is dependent on TLR2 and TLR4, and increased IRF-3 expression is partially dependent on TLR4 following UV exposure.」Mol Med Report. 2011 May-Jun;4(3):541-6.
急性肝炎、慢性肝炎、肝移植障害など
1. Sahin H, Borkham-Kamphorst E, do O NT, Berres ML, Kaldenbach M, Schmitz P, Weiskirchen R, Liedtke C, Streetz KL, Maedler K, Trautwein C, Wasmuth HE「Proapoptotic effects of the chemokine, CXCL 10 are mediated by the noncognate receptor TLR4 in hepatocytes.」Hepatology. 2012 Sep 19. doi: 10.1002/hep.26069.
2. Bai T, Lian LH, Wu YL, Wan Y, Nan JX「Thymoquinone attenuates liver fibrosis via PI3K and TLR4 signaling pathways in activated hepatic stellate cells.」Int Immunopharmacol. 2013 Jan 12;15(2):275-281.
神経障害:認知症、神経発達障害、神経組織変性、神経分化阻害など
1. Capiralla H, Vingtdeux V, Zhao H, Sankowski R, Al-Abed Y, Davies P, Marambaud P「Resveratrol mitigates lipopolysaccharide- and Aβ-mediated microglial inflammation by inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB/STAT signaling cascade.」J Neurochem. 2012 Feb;120(3):461-72.
2. Okun E, Barak B, Saada-Madar R, Rothman SM, Griffioen KJ, Roberts N, Castro K, Mughal MR, Pita MA, Stranahan AM, Arumugam TV, Mattson MP「Evidence for a developmental role for TLR4 in learning and memory.」PLoS One. 2012;7(10):e47522.
3. Hutchinson MR, Zhang Y, Brown K, Coats BD, Shridhar M, Sholar PW, Patel SJ, Crysdale NY, Harrison JA, Maier SF, Rice KC, Watkins LR「Non-stereoselective reversal of neuropathic pain by naloxone and naltrexone: involvement of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4).」Eur J Neurosci. 2008 Jul;28(1):20-9.
腎炎、腎症など
1. Lee IT, Shih RH, Lin CC, Chen JT, Yang CM「Role of TLR4/NADPH oxidase/ROS-activated p38 MAPK in VCAM-1 expression induced by lipopolysaccharide in human renal mesangial cells.」Cell Commun Signal. 2012 Nov 15;10(1):33.
2. Good DW, George T, Watts BA 3rd「Lipopolysaccharide directly alters renal tubule transport through distinct TLR4-dependent pathways in basolateral and apical membranes.」Am J Physiol Renal Physiol. 2009 Oct;297(4):F866-74.
肺炎、COPD、虚血再環流障害など
1. Perros F, Lambrecht BN, Hammad H「TLR4 signalling in pulmonary stromal cells is critical for inflammation and immunity in the airways.」Respir Res. 2011 Sep 24;12:125.
2. Su HY, Mo BW, Wei JH, Huang JW, Wang CM, Zeng JR, Xu Q, Lin Y「Effect of TLR4 on the migration of asthmatic airway smooth muscle cells induced by airway epithelial cells.」Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi. 2012 Mar;28(2):103-6.
心筋梗塞、狭心症など
Frantz S, Kobzik L, Kim YD, Fukazawa R, Medzhitov R, Lee RT, Kelly RA「HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10430608"Toll4 (TLR4) expression in cardiac myocytes in normal and failing myocardium.」J Clin Invest. 1999 Aug;104(3):271-80.
筋萎縮、多発筋炎、重症筋無力症、筋ジストロフィーなど
Zbinden-Foncea H, Raymackers JM, Deldicque L, Renard P, Francaux M「TLR2 and TLR4 activate p38 MAPK and JNK during endurance exercise in skeletal muscle.」Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2012 Aug;44(8):1463-72.
膵炎
1. Akbarshahi H, Axelsson JB, Said K, Malmstrom A, Fischer H, Andersson R「HYPERLINK "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22188870"TLR4 dependent heparan sulphate-induced pancreatic inflammatory response is IRF3-mediated.」J Transl Med. 2011 Dec 21;9:219.
2. Awla D, Abdulla A, Regner S, Thorlacius H「TLR4 but not TLR2 regulates inflammation and tissue damage in acute pancreatitis induced by retrograde infusion of taurocholate.」Inflamm Res. 2011 Dec;60(12):1093-8.
動脈硬化など
Li H, Xu H, Sun B「Lipopolysaccharide regulates MMP-9 expression through TLR4/NF-κB signaling in human arterial smooth muscle cells.」Mol Med Report. 2012 Oct;6(4):774-8.
・「HYA−OLIGO4EF−5」(商品名、Hyalose社製)
これは、GlcA(−GlcNAc−GlcA)1−GlcNAcの構造を有する、ヒアルロン酸を酵素分解して精製して得られた4糖サイズのヒアルロン酸フラグメントである。
・「HYA−OLIGO6EF−1」(商品名、Hyalose社製)
これは、GlcA(−GlcNAc−GlcA)2−GlcNAcの構造を有する、ヒアルロン酸を酵素分解して精製して得られた6糖サイズのヒアルロン酸フラグメントである。
・「HYA−OLIGO8EF−1」(商品名、Hyalose社製)
これは、GlcA(−GlcNAc−GlcA)3−GlcNAcの構造を有する、ヒアルロン酸を酵素分解して精製して得られた8糖サイズのヒアルロン酸フラグメントである。
・「HYA−OLIGO10EF−1」(商品名、Hyalose社製)
これは、GlcA(−GlcNAc−GlcA)4−GlcNAcの構造を有する、ヒアルロン酸を酵素分解して精製して得られた8糖サイズのヒアルロン酸フラグメントである。
・下記(a)の構造を有するヒアルロン酸フラグメント
・下記(e)の構造を有するヒアルロン酸フラグメント
ヒト表皮角化細胞(正常ヒト角化細胞(keratinocyte、アジア人女性(27歳)由来))を培養し、準備した。ヒト表皮角化細胞は、長期培養用増殖培地(EpiLife−KG2)を用いて37℃、5%CO2下で培養した後、トリプシン処理により細胞を回収した。その後、細胞を96wellプレートに1well当たり100μLずつ播種し、一晩培養した。培養終了後、各wellの培養液を、ヒアルロン酸フラグメントを添加していない培地(Gibco社製「keratinocyte SFM」)、又はこれにヒアルロン酸フラグメント(4mer)を最終濃度0.01ng/ml、0.1ng/ml、1.0ng/ml、10ng/mlとなるように添加した各濃度の同培地に替え、24時間培養した。
ヒアルロン酸フラグメントの最終濃度を10ng/mlとし、そのサイズを4糖(4mer)、6糖(6mer)、10糖(10mer)と替えて行なった以外は、試験例1と同様にしてヒト表皮角化細胞を処理し、その細胞溶解液におけるサーチュイン酵素活性(sirt1酵素活性)を測定した。比較のため、10kDa又は900kDaのヒアルロン酸や、サーチュイン活性化剤であることが知られているレスベラトロール(resveratrol)についても、同じく10ng/mlの最終濃度で試験した。また、遺伝子組み換え手法により作成されたヒトサーチュイン組み換え蛋白質(recombinant human sirt 1)を測定系を検証する物質として用いた。なお、サーチュイン酵素活性は、細胞の粗抽出液を「CycLex SIRT1/Sir2 Deacetylase Fluorometric Assay Kit」(商品名、サイクレックス社)に供し、キットのプロトコルに従い測定した。その結果を図3に示す。
試験例1と同様にして、ヒト表皮角化細胞のサーチュイン誘導試験を行なった。
試験例1と同様にして、ヒト表皮角化細胞のサーチュイン誘導試験を行なった。
試験例4と同様にして、分裂中の細胞であって、その形態が他の細胞より小さく、且つサーチュイン蛋白質が高発現している細胞を観察した。また、その際、10ng/mlのヒアルロン酸フラグメント(4mer)に加えて1μg/mlのTLR4/MD2(遺伝子組み換え手法により作成されたTLR4(toll様レセプター4)蛋白質、R&D system社製)を加えた培養液で培養したヒト表皮角化細胞についても、同様に観察した。図8にその結果を示す。
ヒアルロン酸フラグメント(4mer)に替えて、化学合成品である3糖サイズのヒアルロン酸フラグメント(L3mer)を用いて、試験例5と同様の試験を行なった。その結果を図9に示す。
ヒト神経幹細胞(Neurospher)(商品名「Gibco Human Neural Stem Cells (H9-Derived)」Gibco社製)を、培地「Neurobasal Media」(商品名、Gibco社製)を用いて37℃、5%CO2下で培養した後、トリプシン処理により細胞を回収した。その後、細胞を96wellプレートに1well当たり100μLずつ播種し、一晩培養した。培養終了後、各wellの培養液を、ヒアルロン酸フラグメントを添加していない培地「Neurobasal Media」(商品名、Gibco社製)、又はヒアルロン酸フラグメント(L3mer)を最終濃度10ng/mlとなるように添加した同培地に替え、12日間培養した。
ヒト大腸上皮細胞(HT29細胞)を常法に従いDMEM培地(和光純薬社製)を用いて、37℃、5%CO2下で培養した。培養液を、ヒアルロン酸フラグメントを添加していないDMEM培地、ヒアルロン酸フラグメント(4mer)を最終濃度100ng/mlとなるように添加したDMEM培地、又はそのヒアルロン酸フラグメント(4mer)に加えて更にTLR4/MD2を最終濃度10μg/mlとなるように添加したDMEM培地に替え、24時間培養した。
ヒト大腸上皮細胞(HT29細胞)をTNF−α処理したときのNF−kappaBの発現が、ヒアルロン酸フラグメントの処理により影響を受けるかどうか調べた。なお、NF−kappaBは、炎症、組織破壊などに関与する転写因子である。
ヒト大腸上皮細胞(HT29細胞)を常法に従いDMEM培地(和光純薬社製)を用いて、37℃、5%CO2下で培養した。培養液を、ヒアルロン酸フラグメントを添加していないDMEM培地、TNF−αを最終濃度100ng/mlとなるように添加したDMEM培地、そのTNF−αに加えて更にヒアルロン酸フラグメント(4mer)を最終濃度100ng/mlとなるように添加したDMEM培地、又はそのTNF−αとヒアルロン酸フラグメント(4mer)に加えて更にTLR4/MD2を最終濃度10μg/mlとなるように添加したDMEM培地に替え、24時間培養した。
角膜損傷に対するヒアルロン酸フラグメントの作用効果を調べた。被検点眼液としては以下のものを準備した。
・ヒアルロン酸フラグメント(L3merと4merを同濃度で混合したもの)を最終濃度が0.1w/v%となるように生理食塩水に溶解したもの
・平均分子量50万〜120万のヒアルロン酸を有効成分として0.1w/v%含有する点眼液
・生理食塩水
520ピクセルとなり、その値の減少があまり顕著ではないことがわかる。
試験例11と同様に、ウサギ角膜に損傷を与えて、損傷後に被検液を点眼し、その損傷を与えてから33時間後に、ウサギの眼の角膜組織を採取した。角膜組織をパラホルムアルデヒドで固定した後、パラフィン包埋した標本及び凍結包埋した標本を作製した。このパラフィン包埋した標本から薄切切片を作製し、薄切切片にヘマトキシリン・エオシン染色を施した。染色した、角膜組織を、オリンパス社製の顕微鏡によって観察し、角膜組織の角膜上皮の様子を記録した。
ヒト表皮角化細胞(正常ヒト角化細胞(keratinocyte、アジア人女性(27歳)由来))を、それぞれ、4糖のヒアルロン酸フラグメント(4mer)10ng/mlを含んだ培地と含まない培地(無処置)で24時間培養した。培地は、DSファーマバイオメディカル社の正常ヒト表皮角化細胞用無血清培地を用いた。培養後に細胞を回収し、これをDNAマイクロアレイ(DNAチップ)で解析した。
老齢ラット肝臓に対するヒアルロン酸フラグメントの作用効果を調べた。試験液としては以下のものを準備した。
・臓器保存液(University of Wisconsin液:臓器保存に使用されているスタンダードな液)
・ヒアルロン酸フラグメント(4mer)を最終濃度が100ng/mlとなるように上記臓器保存液に溶解したもの
・ヒアルロン酸フラグメント(L3mer)を最終濃度が100ng/mlとなるように上記臓器保存液に溶解したもの
・ヒアルロン酸フラグメント(L3mer)を最終濃度が100ng/mlとなるように上記臓器保存液に溶解し、且つTLR4/MD2を最終濃度が10μg/mlとなるように上記臓器保存液に溶解したもの
老齢ラット肝臓に対するヒアルロン酸フラグメントの作用効果を調べた。具体的には、20ヶ月齢(老齢)の雌性Balb/cマウスにConcanavalin A(20mg/kg体重)を尾静脈より1回静注して、肝障害モデルとし、そのConcanavalin Aの投与直後にヒアルロン酸フラグメント(4merあるいはL3mer)を経口投与し、その効果を調べた。肝機能障害は、24時間後に血液を採取し、血中GOTおよびGPT値を測定することにより評価した。図22には血中GOT値の結果を示す。
ヒト大腸上皮細胞(HT29細胞)を過酸化水素処理したときの過酸化水素刺激による細胞老化(傷害によってミトコンドリア活性が下がる、あるいは細胞死がおきるとMTSの値は下がる)が、ヒアルロン酸フラグメントの処理により影響を受けるかどうか調べた。具体的には以下のように試験を行なった。
被検物質をヒアルロン酸フラグメント(4mer)、ヒアルロン酸フラグメント(L4mer)、ヒアルロン酸フラグメント(L3mer)とし、被検物質を含む培地に交換してからの培養時間を1時間にした以外は、試験例16と同様の試験を行なった。その結果を図24に示す。
被検物質をヒアルロン酸フラグメント(L4mer)、ヒアルロン酸フラグメント(L3mer)とした以外は、試験例16と同様の試験を行なった。その結果を図25に示す。
ヒト口腔由来上皮細胞(Ca9−22細胞)を過酸化水素処理したときのミトコンドリア機能が、ヒアルロン酸フラグメントの処理により影響を受けるかどうか調べた。具体的には以下のように試験を行なった。
ヒト神経幹細胞(Neurospher)を過酸化水素処理したときの細胞老化(空胞変性および肥大化)が、ヒアルロン酸フラグメントの処理により影響を受けるかどうか調べた。具体的には以下のように試験を行なった。
ラット骨髄由来間葉系幹細胞を過酸化水素処理したときの細胞老化(死細胞の増加)が、ヒアルロン酸フラグメントの処理により影響を受けるかどうか調べた。具体的には以下のように試験を行なった。
ヒアルロン酸フラグメントとして4mer又はL3merを用い、更にそれに最終濃度1μg/mlのTLR4/MD2を添加した試験群を加えた以外は、試験例1と同様にして、ヒト表皮角化細胞を刺激した。
ヒアルロン酸フラグメントとして4mer又はL3merを用い、更にそれに最終濃度1μg/mlのTLR4/MD2を添加した試験群を加えた以外は、試験例1と同様にして、ヒト表皮角化細胞を刺激した。
Claims (6)
- 3糖及び/又は4糖のヒアルロン酸フラグメント、その薬学的に許容される塩又はその薬学的に許容される溶媒和物を有効成分として含有することを特徴とする組織恒常性維持剤。
- 組織中の幹細胞を増殖しかつ分化を誘導するために用いられる、請求項1記載の組織恒常性維持剤。
- 角膜、皮膚、又は上皮組織の修復に用いられる、請求項1又は2記載の組織恒常性維持剤。
- 臓器保存のために用いられる、請求項1又は2記載の組織恒常性維持剤。
- 幹細胞性維持がサーチュイン誘導によるものである、請求項1〜4のいずれか1つに記載の組織恒常性維持剤。
- 医薬品、機能性食品、又は化粧料の形態で用いられる、請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載の組織恒常性維持剤。
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US9492474B2 (en) | 2013-07-10 | 2016-11-15 | Matrix Biology Institute | Compositions of hyaluronan with high elasticity and uses thereof |
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RU2020123728A (ru) | 2015-09-24 | 2021-01-18 | Матрикс Байолэджи Инститьют | Композиции гиалуроновой кислоты с высокоэластичными свойствами и способы их применения |
JP6230638B2 (ja) * | 2016-02-12 | 2017-11-15 | 株式会社らいむ | 神経伸長促進剤、内服剤、培地用添加剤、細胞希釈液用添加剤、培地および細胞希釈液 |
CN108603115A (zh) * | 2016-02-12 | 2018-09-28 | 来姆有限公司 | 神经生长促进剂及其制造方法、内服剂、培养基用添加剂、细胞稀释液用添加剂、培养基、细胞稀释液、抗氧化剂及其制造方法、外用剂、以及伤口治疗剂及其制造方法 |
KR101976480B1 (ko) * | 2017-07-14 | 2019-05-10 | 서울대학교 산학협력단 | 신규 알츠하이머병 치료용 약학적 조성물 |
US11439659B2 (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2022-09-13 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Methods and compositions to prevent and treat inflammation and allergic reactions |
JP7104942B2 (ja) * | 2020-08-28 | 2022-07-22 | 日本コルマー株式会社 | ゲル状組成物 |
FR3118415A1 (fr) * | 2020-12-30 | 2022-07-01 | Universite De Picardie Jules Verne | Composition pharmaceutique contenant en tant qu’ingrédient actif au moins un composé de type disaccharide capable d’augmenter la production de calcium des cellules pré-ostéoblastiques –kit et composés associés |
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US20150018305A1 (en) | 2015-01-15 |
JP2019116511A (ja) | 2019-07-18 |
JP6772415B2 (ja) | 2020-10-21 |
EP2818172A1 (en) | 2014-12-31 |
EP3100736A1 (en) | 2016-12-07 |
CA2871993A1 (en) | 2013-08-29 |
JPWO2013125634A1 (ja) | 2015-07-30 |
EP2818172A4 (en) | 2016-02-17 |
SG11201404959TA (en) | 2014-11-27 |
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