JP2017008180A - 潜熱蓄熱材を含む熱輸送媒体並びに熱輸送用混合液及び熱輸送方法 - Google Patents
潜熱蓄熱材を含む熱輸送媒体並びに熱輸送用混合液及び熱輸送方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2017008180A JP2017008180A JP2015123941A JP2015123941A JP2017008180A JP 2017008180 A JP2017008180 A JP 2017008180A JP 2015123941 A JP2015123941 A JP 2015123941A JP 2015123941 A JP2015123941 A JP 2015123941A JP 2017008180 A JP2017008180 A JP 2017008180A
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- heat transport
- porous body
- transport medium
- storage material
- heat
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- 229910000397 disodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019800 disodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229940015043 glyoxal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
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- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001960 metal nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyltrimethoxysilane Chemical compound CO[Si](C)(OC)OC BFXIKLCIZHOAAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel(ii) nitrate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O KBJMLQFLOWQJNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940038384 octadecane Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021313 oleic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000123 paper Substances 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003449 preventive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pristane Chemical compound CC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)CCCC(C)C XOJVVFBFDXDTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- RYTQKVZHGHLRCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC.CCCCCCCCCCCCCC RYTQKVZHGHLRCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC[14C](O)=O TUNFSRHWOTWDNC-HKGQFRNVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical group [H]S* 0.000 description 1
- 150000004764 thiosulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-BQYQJAHWSA-N trans-vaccenic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC\C=C\CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O UWHZIFQPPBDJPM-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007039 two-step reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004034 viscosity adjusting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005023 xylyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/08—Materials not undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/14—Solid materials, e.g. powdery or granular
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- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
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- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
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Abstract
Description
本発明の熱輸送媒体は多孔体を含む。本発明では、この多孔体に潜熱蓄熱材が浸透しており、多孔体が柔軟性を有するため、外部の応力が作用しても、応力が変形によって吸収され、破損が抑制されるとともに、潜熱蓄熱材との親和性が高いため、変形によって滲み出た潜熱蓄熱材も形状の復元と共に多孔体内に容易に再吸収される。さらに、高い剪断力などにより、多孔体が破損された場合でも、破損後の各多孔体細片が、破損前の多孔体と同等の機能を保持している。さらに、潜熱蓄熱材が多孔体に収容された熱輸送媒体を、潜熱蓄熱材と非相溶な流体中に混入させることにより、マイクロカプセルと異なり、多孔体の孔部及び表面に付着(又は充填)された潜熱蓄熱材が、被覆されずに流体と接触できるため、熱変換効率も高い。そのため、本発明では、使用温度領域で液状の流体中に混入し、長期間に亘りパイプラインを循環させても、高い熱変換効率で安定して熱輸送できる。
本発明の熱輸送媒体は、さらに潜熱蓄熱材を含む。潜熱蓄熱材は、使用温度領域内に融点を有し、かつ前記多孔体に対して親和性を有し、流体と非相溶の物質であれば、特に限定されず、多孔体及び流体の種類に応じて選択できる。
本発明の熱輸送用混合液は、前記熱輸送媒体と流体とを含む。すなわち、本発明の熱輸送方法では、前記熱輸送媒体を、使用温度領域で液状であり、かつ潜熱蓄熱材と非相溶である流体中に混入させて、パイプラインを循環させる。熱輸送媒体は、使用温度領域で液状の形態を保持する流体と組み合わせることにより、パイプライン(配管)中を流通させることができるとともに、潜熱蓄熱材の潜熱に加えて、流体の顕熱によっても熱輸送(熱交換)できる。
多孔体を、厚み幅と奥行き15mm、厚み10mmのブロック状に切り出し、JIS K6253に準拠して、スポンジ用硬度計(アスカーE型)(西東京精密(株)製「WR−207E」)を用いて測定した。
JIS Z8807:2012「固体の密度及び比重」の測定方法に準拠し、デジタルノギスを用いて、幾何学的測定による見掛け密度及び比重を測定した。
JCI試験案(同:JCI−SPO2−1)容積法に準拠し、空隙率を求める溶媒としては水ではなく、テトラデカン(0.7645g/ml)を用いて測定した。
多孔体を観察用試料台に供し、白金蒸着させ、電子顕微鏡((株)日立ハイテクノロジーズ製「Miniscope3000」)を用いて得られた画像から任意の10箇所におけるマクロ孔の孔径及び骨格の厚みを測定し、平均値を求めた。さらに、画像処理・計測ソフト((株)テックジャム製「Win ROOF」)を用いて、隔壁を構成する球状粒子の平均径を測定した。
接触角計(協和界面科学(株)製「DropMaster700」)を用いて1cm角の多孔体の上に、5μLの水の液滴を形成させた。得られた液滴の画像データから、定法の2θ法より多孔体表面と水に液滴のなす接触角を計算し、N=3のデータの平均から、水の接触角を測定した。
(多孔体の合成例)
ガラス製ビーカーに、イオン交換水と酢酸(和光純薬工業(株)製)で調製した5mM酢酸水溶液100mLと、ヘキサデシルトリメチルアンモニウムクロリド(和光純薬工業(株)製)4g(0.10モル)と、尿素(和光純薬工業(株)製)30g(0.06モル)とを仕込み、マグネチックスターラーで室温攪拌した。15分後、トリメトキシ(メチル)シラン(東京化成工業(株)製)28.8g(0.22モル)とジメチルジメトキシシラン(東京化成工業(株)製)19.2g(0.16モル)を加え、30分、室温で攪拌後、80℃のオイルバスで5分間加熱攪拌した。その後、攪拌を停止し、80℃で10時間、反応させ、白色スポンジ状ゲルを得た。得られたゲルはメタノール(和光純薬工業(株)製)400mLで3回、2−プロパノール(和光純薬工業(株)製)400mLで3回洗浄し、60時間ドラフト中で風乾したのち、50℃オーブンで16時間乾燥し、27.47gの多孔体を得た。
得られた多孔体を1cm角の角砂糖状(7.52g)に切り出し、テトラデカン20gを吸収させた。さらに、180gのイオン交換水を入れたビーカーに、テトラデカンを吸収した多孔体を浮かべ、マグネチックスターラーでおよそ300rpmの速度で回転させた。その後、テトラデカンを吸収させたゲルを浮かべた水を、氷浴で冷却しながら3時間攪拌した。この時、ゲルに含浸させたテトラデカンは完全に凝固していた。その後、氷浴をはずし、室温で3時間攪拌した。この時、ゲルに含浸させたテトラデカンは完全に融解していた。このサイクルを1サイクルとし、計4サイクル実施した。4サイクル実施後のゲルを金網で漉した後、水層を目視で確認したところ、油分が浮いていないことを確認した。即ち、テトラデカンはこのサイクル中、多孔体に保持され続けた。
実施例1の合成例で得られた多孔体を立方体のブロック(0.83g)に切り出し、テトラデカン2.24gを吸収させ、シャーレにはった水200gに浮かべた。このテトラデカンを吸収させたブロック状多孔体を指で押し込むことが出来なくなるまで、指でシャーレの底に押し潰した。この間、吸収させたテトラデカンは多孔体から滲み出たが、多孔体にまとわりつき、多孔体から遊離して水中に分離することは無かった。その後、指を離したところ、多孔体は破損することなく速やかに元の形状に戻り、滲み出ていたテトラデカンも即座に多孔体内に再吸収され、最初にテトラデカンを吸収させた多孔体を水に浮かべた状態に復旧した。
Claims (15)
- 使用温度領域で液状の流体によって輸送される熱輸送媒体であって、
多孔体と、この多孔体の孔部に浸透した潜熱蓄熱材とを含み、
前記多孔体が、前記流体に対して撥液性を示し、前記潜熱蓄熱材に対して親和性を示し、かつスポンジ硬度が50以下であり、
前記潜熱蓄熱材が、前記流体と非相溶であり、かつ使用温度領域内に融点を有する熱輸送媒体。 - 多孔体が連続気泡構造を有する請求項1記載の熱輸送媒体。
- 多孔体の空隙率が50%以上である請求項1又は2記載の熱輸送媒体。
- 多孔体の見掛け密度が0.05〜0.5g/cm3である請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の熱輸送媒体。
- 多孔体のマクロ孔の平均孔径が0.5〜200μmである請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の熱輸送媒体。
- 多孔体が平均粒径0.1〜50mmの粒状体である請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の熱輸送媒体。
- 潜熱蓄熱材の割合が、多孔体100重量部に対して、100〜5000重量部である請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の熱輸送媒体。
- 多孔体が撥水親油性樹脂を含む請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載の熱輸送媒体。
- 水に対する多孔体の接触角が90°以上であり、かつ多孔体がテトラデカンを吸収し、テトラデカンに対して実質的に接触角を有さない請求項8記載の熱輸送媒体。
- 多孔体がポリオルガノシロキサン骨格を有する請求項1〜9のいずれかに記載の熱輸送媒体。
- 潜熱蓄熱材が脂肪族炭化水素である請求項8〜10のいずれかに記載の熱輸送媒体。
- 流体が水である請求項8〜11のいずれかに記載の熱輸送媒体。
- 請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の熱輸送媒体と、使用温度領域で液状であり、かつ潜熱蓄熱材と非相溶である流体とを含む熱輸送用混合液。
- 熱輸送媒体の割合が、流体100重量部に対して1〜50重量部である請求項13記載の熱輸送用混合液。
- 請求項1〜12のいずれかに記載の熱輸送媒体を、使用温度領域で液状であり、かつ潜熱蓄熱材と非相溶である流体中に混入させて、パイプラインを循環させる熱輸送方法。
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US15/737,685 US10703951B2 (en) | 2015-06-19 | 2016-06-13 | Heat-transport medium including latent heat storage material, mixture for heat transport, and heat transport method |
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DE112016002771.0T DE112016002771T5 (de) | 2015-06-19 | 2016-06-13 | Wärmetransportmedium, das ein Latentwärmespeichermaterial einschliesst, Mischung für Wärmetransport, und Wärmetransportverfahren |
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CN107975993B (zh) * | 2017-11-14 | 2020-10-27 | 中国科学院理化技术研究所 | 一种-40℃~-190℃蓄冷式储存箱 |
US11499785B2 (en) * | 2019-05-15 | 2022-11-15 | Uchicago Argonne, Llc | Combined thermal energy storage and heat exchanger unit |
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