JP2016539103A - 酸化的脱水素反応によりn−ブテンから1,3−ブタジエンを製造するための方法 - Google Patents
酸化的脱水素反応によりn−ブテンから1,3−ブタジエンを製造するための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016539103A JP2016539103A JP2016527375A JP2016527375A JP2016539103A JP 2016539103 A JP2016539103 A JP 2016539103A JP 2016527375 A JP2016527375 A JP 2016527375A JP 2016527375 A JP2016527375 A JP 2016527375A JP 2016539103 A JP2016539103 A JP 2016539103A
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- Prior art keywords
- gas stream
- stream
- butene
- butadiene
- aromatic hydrocarbon
- Prior art date
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
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- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- SUAKHGWARZSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N‐diethylformamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C=O SUAKHGWARZSWIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000528 Na alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000459 Nitrile rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910007746 Zr—O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AZFNGPAYDKGCRB-XCPIVNJJSA-M [(1s,2s)-2-amino-1,2-diphenylethyl]-(4-methylphenyl)sulfonylazanide;chlororuthenium(1+);1-methyl-4-propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound [Ru+]Cl.CC(C)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1.C1=CC(C)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)[N-][C@@H](C=1C=CC=CC=1)[C@@H](N)C1=CC=CC=C1 AZFNGPAYDKGCRB-XCPIVNJJSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N adiponitrile Chemical compound N#CCCCCC#N BTGRAWJCKBQKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001361 allenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGAVSDVURUSLQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium heptamolybdate Chemical compound N.N.N.N.N.N.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo] QGAVSDVURUSLQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052797 bismuth Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth atom Chemical compound [Bi] JCXGWMGPZLAOME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RHDGNLCLDBVESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-en-4-olide Chemical compound O=C1CC=CO1 RHDGNLCLDBVESU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930188620 butyrolactone Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012018 catalyst precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006555 catalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce][Ce] ZMIGMASIKSOYAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroprene Chemical compound ClC(=C)C=C YACLQRRMGMJLJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni] VNNRSPGTAMTISX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001981 cobalt nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004939 coking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-NJFSPNSNSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC[14CH3] DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AQEFLFZSWDEAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl ether Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(C)(C)C AQEFLFZSWDEAIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005206 flow analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron;methyl 4-methoxypyridine-2-carboxylate;chloride Chemical compound Cl.COC(=O)C1=CC(OC)=CC=N1 RXPAJWPEYBDXOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002608 ionic liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum atom Chemical compound [La] FZLIPJUXYLNCLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- AJFDBNQQDYLMJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-diethylacetamide Chemical compound CCN(CC)C(C)=O AJFDBNQQDYLMJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butylhexane Natural products CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052754 neon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N neon atom Chemical compound [Ne] GKAOGPIIYCISHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002587 poly(1,3-butadiene) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004323 potassium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010333 potassium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004304 potassium nitrite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010289 potassium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N propionitrile Chemical compound CCC#N FVSKHRXBFJPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N propyne Chemical compound CC#C MWWATHDPGQKSAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229930195734 saturated hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010288 sodium nitrite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfolane Chemical compound O=S1(=O)CCCC1 HXJUTPCZVOIRIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 1
- HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N valeric aldehyde Natural products CCCCC=O HGBOYTHUEUWSSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C5/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms
- C07C5/42—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor
- C07C5/48—Preparation of hydrocarbons from hydrocarbons containing the same number of carbon atoms by dehydrogenation with a hydrogen acceptor with oxygen as an acceptor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/88—Molybdenum
- B01J23/887—Molybdenum containing in addition other metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/8878—Chromium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
- B01J37/0027—Powdering
- B01J37/0045—Drying a slurry, e.g. spray drying
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- C07C11/16—Alkadienes with four carbon atoms
- C07C11/167—1, 3-Butadiene
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- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C7/00—Purification; Separation; Use of additives
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- C07C7/05—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds
- C07C7/08—Purification; Separation; Use of additives by distillation with the aid of auxiliary compounds by extractive distillation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
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- C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- C07C2523/18—Arsenic, antimony or bismuth
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- C07C2523/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
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Abstract
Description
A)n−ブテンを含む出発ガス流a1を準備する工程、
B)n−ブテンを含む出発ガス流a1と、酸素を含むガスと、酸素を含む循環ガス流a2とを少なくとも1つの酸化的脱水素反応帯域に供給し、n−ブテンを酸化的脱水素化してブタジエンにする工程、ここで、ブタジエン、未反応のn−ブテン、水蒸気、酸素、低沸点の炭化水素、高沸点の副成分、場合により炭素酸化物、および場合により不活性ガスを含む生成物ガス流bが得られる、
Ca)生成物ガス流bを冷却し、場合により高沸点の副成分および水蒸気を少なくとも部分的に分離する工程、ここで、生成物ガス流b’が得られる、
Cb)生成物ガス流b’を少なくとも1つの圧縮段階および冷却段階で圧縮および冷却する工程、ここで、少なくとも1つの水性凝縮液流c1と、ブタジエン、n−ブテン、水蒸気、酸素、低沸点の炭化水素、場合により炭素酸化物、および場合により不活性ガスを含むガス流c2が得られる、
Da)ブタジエンおよびn−ブテンを含むC4炭化水素を、吸収剤である芳香族炭化水素溶媒に吸収させて、酸素、低沸点の炭化水素、場合により炭素酸化物、芳香族炭化水素溶媒、および場合により不活性ガスを含む凝縮不可能かつ低沸点のガス成分をガス流d2としてガス流c2から分離する工程、ここで、C4炭化水素が負荷された吸収剤流とガス流d2が得られ、ならびに続いて、負荷された吸収剤流からC4炭化水素を脱着する工程、ここで、C4生成物ガス流d1が得られる、
Db)ガス流d2を循環ガス流a2として酸化的脱水素反応帯域に少なくとも部分的に再循環する工程
を含む前記方法において、循環ガス流a2中の芳香族炭化水素溶媒の含有率を1体積%未満に制限することを特徴とする前記方法によって解決される。
E)C4生成物流d1を、ブタジエン選択性溶媒による抽出蒸留によって、ブタジエンおよび選択性溶媒を含む物質流e1と、n−ブテンを含む物質流e2に分離する工程;
F)ブタジエンおよび選択性溶媒を含む物質流e1を蒸留して、選択性溶媒を含む物質流f1と、ブタジエンを含む物質流f2にする工程。
Daa)ブタジエンおよびn−ブテンを含むC4炭化水素を、吸収剤である芳香族炭化水素溶媒に吸収させる工程、ここで、C4炭化水素が負荷された吸収剤流とガス流d2が得られる、
Dab)工程Daa)のC4炭化水素が負荷された吸収剤流から、凝縮不可能なガス流によるストリッピングによって酸素を除去する工程、ならびに
Dac)負荷された吸収剤流からC4炭化水素を脱着させる工程、ここで、実質的にC4炭化水素からなり、かつ酸素を100ppm未満含むC4生成物ガス流d1が得られる。
X1は、Si、Mnおよび/またはAlであり、
X2は、Li、Na、K、Csおよび/またはRbであり、
0.2≦a≦1、
0.5≦b≦10、
0≦c≦10、
0≦d≦10、
2≦c+d≦10、
0≦e≦2、
0≦f≦10、
0≦g≦0.5、
yは、電気的中性の前提条件下に、(la)中の酸素とは異なる元素の価数および存在度(Haeufigkeit)によって特定される数である]。
Daa)ブタジエンおよびn−ブテンを含むC4炭化水素を、吸収剤である芳香族炭化水素溶媒に吸収させる工程、ここで、C4炭化水素が負荷された吸収剤とガス流d2が得られる、
Dab)工程Daa)のC4炭化水素が負荷された吸収剤流から、凝縮不可能なガス流によるストリッピングによって酸素を除去する工程、ならびに
Dac)負荷された吸収剤流からC4炭化水素を脱着する工程、ここで、実質的にC4炭化水素からなるC4生成物ガス流d1が得られる。
触媒の製造
2つの溶液AおよびBを製造した。
特殊鋼製深型容器(Edelstahltopf)10lに水3200gを装入して、アンカー型撹拌機を用いて撹拌しながらKOH溶液5.2g(KOH 32質量%)を添加した。この溶液を60℃に加熱した。ここで、七モリブデン酸アンモニウム溶液((NH4)6Mo7O24 ・4H2O、Mo 54質量%)1066gを少量ずつ10分の時間にわたって添加した。得られた懸濁液をさらに10分間、後撹拌した。
特殊鋼製深型容器5lに硝酸コバルト(II)溶液1771g(Co 12.3質量%)を装入して、撹拌しながら(アンカー型撹拌機)60℃に加熱した。ここで、温度を保ちながら、硝酸鉄(III)溶液645g(Fe 13.7質量%)を10分の時間にわたって少量ずつ添加した。生じた溶液を10分間、後撹拌した。ここで、温度を保ちながら、硝酸ビスマス溶液619g(Bi 10.7質量%)を添加した。さらに10分間、後撹拌した後、硝酸クロム(III)109gを少量ずつ固体で添加して、生じた暗赤色の溶液を10分間、さらに撹拌した。
・72分間で130℃に加熱して、72分間保つ
・36分間で190℃に加熱して、72分間保つ
・36分間で220℃に加熱して、72分間保つ
・36分間で265℃に加熱して、72分間保つ
・93分間で380℃に加熱して、187分間保つ
・93分間で430℃に加熱して、187分間保つ
・93分間で490℃に加熱して、467分間保つ。
スクリーニング反応器で、脱水素反応試験を実施した。スクリーニング反応器は、長さ125cmおよび内径14.9mm、ならびに外径3.17mmのサーモスリーブ(Thermohuelse)を備える塩浴反応器であった。サーモスリーブには、7つの測定点を有する多重熱電対(Mehrfachthermoelment)があった。下側の4つの測定点は、間隔が10cmであり、上側の4つの測定点は間隔が5cmであった。ブタン/ブテン混合物を、約10barにて液体でコリオリ流量計によって計量供給し、静止型ミキサーで混合し、続いて、加熱した蒸発区間で放圧して蒸発させた。ここで、このガスに窒素を混合して、ステアタイト床を備える予熱器に導入した。水を液体で計量供給して、蒸発器コイル(Verdampferwendel)において空気流で蒸発させた。空気/水蒸気混合物を、予熱器の下側領域において、N2/ラフィネートII/ブタン混合物で洗浄した。次に、完全に混合した出発ガスを反応器に供給し、ここで、オンラインGC測定のための分析流を抽出することができる。同様に、反応器を離れる生成物ガスから分析流を抽出し、この分析流は、オンラインGC測定によって分析することができる。圧力調節弁を分析用配管の分岐の後に接続し、この分岐は、反応器の前の圧力レベルを1bar(正圧)に調節する。
24時間にわたって、第2表に記載の出発ガス組成物を使用して、上述の反応条件で反応器を作動させた。この期間では、ブテン転化率が87.2%の場合、ブタジエンへの選択性は84%であることが判明した。
続いて、さらに24時間にわたって、第2表に記載の供給組成物を使用して、上述の反応条件で反応器を作動させた。さらに、この時間内にメシチレン0.34体積%を出発ガスに添加した。この期間では、ブタジエンへの選択性が87.1%の場合、ブテン転化率は63.4%に低下した。
続いて、さらに24時間にわたって、第2表に記載の供給組成物を使用して、上述の反応条件で反応器を作動させた。さらに、この時間内にメシチレン0.43体積%を出発ガスに添加した。この期間では、ブタジエンへの選択性が85.8%である場合、ブテン転化率は57.1%に低下した。
続いて、さらに24時間にわたって、第2表に記載の供給組成物を使用して、上述の反応条件で反応器を作動させた。さらに、この時間内にメシチレン0.21体積%を出発ガスに添加した。この期間では、ブタジエンへの選択性が86.9%の場合、ブテン転化率は71.4%に上昇した。
続いて、さらなる24時間にわたって、第2表に記載の供給組成物を使用して、上述の反応条件下に反応器を作動させた。この時間内に、出発ガスにメシチレンを添加しなかった。この期間では、ブタジエンへの選択性が87.6%の場合、ブテン転化率は85.6%に上昇した。
Claims (11)
- n−ブテンからブタジエンを製造するための方法であって、以下の工程
A)n−ブテンを含む出発ガス流a1を準備する工程、
B)n−ブテンを含む出発ガス流a1と、酸素を含むガスと、酸素を含む循環ガス流a2とを少なくとも1つの酸化的脱水素反応帯域に供給し、n−ブテンを酸化脱水素化してブタジエンにする工程、ここで、ブタジエン、未反応のn−ブテン、水蒸気、酸素、低沸点の炭化水素、高沸点の副成分、場合により炭素酸化物、および場合により不活性ガスを含む生成物ガス流bが得られる、
Ca)生成物ガス流bを冷却し、ならびに場合により高沸点の副成分および水蒸気を少なくとも部分的に分離する工程、ここで、生成物ガス流b’が得られる、
Cb)生成物ガス流b’を少なくとも1つの圧縮段階および冷却段階で圧縮および冷却する工程、ここで、少なくとも1つの水性の凝縮液流c1と、ブタジエン、n−ブテン、水蒸気、酸素、低沸点の炭化水素、場合により炭素酸化物、および場合により不活性ガスを含むガス流c2が得られる、
Da)ブタジエンおよびn−ブテンを含むC4炭化水素を、吸収剤である芳香族炭化水素溶媒に吸収させて、酸素、低沸点の炭化水素、場合により炭素酸化物、芳香族炭化水素溶媒、および場合により不活性ガスを含む凝縮不可能かつ低沸点のガス成分をガス流d2としてガス流c2から分離する工程、ここで、C4炭化水素が負荷された吸収剤流およびガス流d2が得られ、ならびに続いて、前記負荷された吸収剤流からC4炭化水素を脱着する工程、ここで、C4生成物ガス流d1が得られる、
Db)ガス流d2を循環ガス流a2として酸化的脱水素反応帯域に少なくとも部分的に再循環する工程
を含む前記方法において、循環ガス流a2中の芳香族炭化水素溶媒の含有率を1体積%未満に制限することを特徴とする、前記方法。 - 工程Da)で吸収剤として使用する芳香族炭化水素溶媒が、トルエン、o−キシレン、m−キシレン、p−キシレン、メシチレン、モノエチルベンゼン、ジエチルベンゼンおよびトリエチルベンゼン、およびモノイソプロピルベンゼン、ジイソプロピルベンゼンおよびトリイソプロピルベンゼンおよびそれらの混合物からなる群から選択されていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記芳香族炭化水素溶媒がメシチレンであることを特徴とする、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 分離段階Da)を離れるガス流d2を、別の塔において、芳香族炭化水素溶媒のための液体吸収剤と接触させることによって、循環ガス流a2中の芳香族炭化水素溶媒の含有率を1体積%未満に制限することを特徴とする、請求項1から3までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 分離段階Da)を離れるガス流d2を、芳香族炭化水素溶媒を吸着する固体吸着剤と接触させることによって、循環ガス流a2中の芳香族炭化水素溶媒の含有率を1体積%未満に制限することを特徴とする、請求項1から4までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 分離段階Da)を離れるガス流d2を、凝縮器として仕上げられた熱交換器と接触させることによって、循環ガス流a2中の芳香族炭化水素溶媒の含有率を1体積%未満に制限し、ここで、冷却によって、前記ガス流d2中に含まれている芳香族炭化水素溶媒を少なくとも部分的に液相として分離することを特徴とする、請求項1から5までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記芳香族炭化水素溶媒の熱または触媒による後燃焼を実施することによって、循環ガス流a2中の芳香族炭化水素溶媒の含有率を1体積%未満に制限することを特徴とする、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 工程Da)で使用する吸収塔内に、吸収塔からガス流d2への液体成分のエントレインメントを減少させる装置を設けることによって、循環ガス流a2中の芳香族炭化水素溶媒の含有率を1体積%未満に制限することを特徴とする、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 循環ガス流a2の割合が、酸化的脱水素反応帯域に供給されたすべてのガス流の合計を基準として10体積%から70体積%までであることを特徴とする、請求項1から6までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 以下のさらなる工程
E)C4生成物流d1を、ブタジエン選択性溶媒による抽出蒸留によって、ブタジエンおよび選択性溶媒を含む物質流e1と、n−ブテンを含む物質流e2に分離する工程;
F)ブタジエンおよび選択性溶媒を含む物質流e1を蒸留して、選択性溶媒を含む物質流f1と、ブタジエンを含む物質流f2にする工程
を特徴とする、請求項1から7までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。 - 工程Da)が、以下の工程Daa)からDac)まで
Daa)ブタジエンおよびn−ブテンを含むC4炭化水素を、吸収剤である芳香族炭化水素溶媒に吸収させる工程、ここで、C4炭化水素が負荷された吸収剤流とガス流d2が得られる、
Dab)工程Daa)のC4炭化水素が負荷された吸収剤流から、凝縮不可能のガス流によるストリッピングにより酸素を除去する工程、
Dac)前記負荷された吸収剤流からC4炭化水素を脱着する工程、ここで、実質的にC4炭化水素からなるC4生成物ガス流d1が得られる
を含むことを特徴とする、請求項1から8までのいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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- 2014-10-27 CN CN201480058977.7A patent/CN105683136B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-10-27 US US15/033,203 patent/US9963408B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2014-10-27 EA EA201690893A patent/EA201690893A1/ru unknown
- 2014-10-27 WO PCT/EP2014/072978 patent/WO2015063019A1/de active Application Filing
- 2014-10-27 KR KR1020167011123A patent/KR20160078357A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2014-10-27 EP EP14790068.2A patent/EP3063112B1/de not_active Not-in-force
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN105683136A (zh) | 2016-06-15 |
KR20160078357A (ko) | 2016-07-04 |
WO2015063019A1 (de) | 2015-05-07 |
EP3063112A1 (de) | 2016-09-07 |
JP6478996B2 (ja) | 2019-03-06 |
US9963408B2 (en) | 2018-05-08 |
EA201690893A1 (ru) | 2016-10-31 |
CN105683136B (zh) | 2018-06-01 |
US20160355450A1 (en) | 2016-12-08 |
EP3063112B1 (de) | 2017-12-13 |
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