JP2016536343A - 抗炎症性のタンパク質及び使用方法 - Google Patents
抗炎症性のタンパク質及び使用方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
広い形では、本発明は、炎症、及び/又は炎症に関連した疾患又は状態、例えば喘息及び炎症性腸疾患のうち少なくともいずれか一方などの、軽減、緩和及び/又は予防を行うための1つ以上の組織メタロプロテアーゼ阻害物質(TMP)タンパク質の使用に関する。
1つの実施形態では、この態様は、少なくとも1つの追加の作用薬を対象者に投与するステップをさらに含む。
ある実施形態では、疾患は消化管又は呼吸器系の疾患である。
適切には、上記の実施形態によれば、基準療法は、非ステロイド系抗炎症薬(NSAID)、アミノサリチラート、コルチコステロイド、免疫抑制薬、サイトカイン/サイトカインレセプター阻害薬(例えばTNFα阻害薬、IL‐5阻害薬、IL‐13阻害薬、IL‐17阻害薬、及びIL‐6R阻害薬)、抗生物質、並びにこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの基準作用薬の投与を含む。
好ましくは、対象者は哺乳動物である。
本発明のさらなる態様は、治療上有効な量の、図1及び/又は図2に記されたアミノ酸配列を含む単離タンパク質、該タンパク質の生物学的に活性なフラグメント、バリアント若しくは誘導体、又はこれらの組み合わせを、薬学的に許容される担体、希釈剤又は賦形剤と共に含む医薬組成物を提供する。
いくつかの実施形態では、医薬組成物は少なくとも1つの追加の作用薬をさらに含むことができる。
本発明の関連する態様には、配列番号1〜31のような、図1及び2に記されたアミノ酸配列の生物学的に活性なフラグメントを含む単離タンパク質;該単離タンパク質をコードする単離核酸;該単離核酸を含む遺伝子構築物;並びに/又は該遺伝子構築物を含む宿主細胞が含まれる。
本発明は、炎症及び/又は炎症性の疾患又は状態、例えば喘息及び/又は炎症性腸疾患などの、軽減、緩和及び/又は予防を行うための方法に関する。
別の実施形態では、本発明は対象者の喘息の治療及び/又は予防を行う方法を提供する。
さらに、配列番号1〜31などの、図1及び/又は2に記されたアミノ酸配列を含む単離タンパク質のうち任意のもののバリアントも企図される。
1つの実施形態では、単離タンパク質(フラグメント、バリアント及び誘導体を含む)は化学合成によって生産される。化学合成技法は当分野において良く知られているが、当業者は適切な方法論の実例について、コリガン(Coligan)ら編「カレント・プロトコールズ・イン・プロテイン・サイエンス(CURRENT PROTOCOLS IN PROTEIN SCIENCE)」、1995−2001年、米国ニューヨークのジョン・ワイリー・アンド・サンズ(John Wiley and Sons) の第18章を参照してもよい。
したがって本発明の別の態様は、単離タンパク質又はそのフラグメントをコードする単離核酸に関する。
好ましくは、薬学的に許容される担体、希釈剤又は賦形剤は、哺乳動物への、より好ましくはヒトへの投与に適している。
実施例
材料及び方法
[配列データ、並びにTIMPの同定及び生物情報工学的解析]
公的な配列データベース(すなわち全米バイオテクノロジー情報センター(National Center for Biotechnology Information)(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/);ENSEMBLゲノムブラウザ(http://www.ensembl.org/index.html);ワームベース(WormBase)(www.wormbase.org);ジーンDB(GeneDB)(http://www.genedb.org/;www.gasserlab.org)[32〜34、39、40、42〜45]から得て本明細書中で解析した配列データには、既知のTIMPアミノ酸配列であってヒト(Homo sapiens)由来のもの(GenBank登録番号XP_010392.1、NP_003246.1、P35625.1及びQ99727.1)、ハツカネズミ(Mus musculus)由来のもの(登録番号P12032.2、P25785.2、P39876.1及びQ9JHB3.1)、イエイヌ(Canis familiaris)由来のもの(AF112115.1)、セキショクヤケイ(Gallus gallus)由来のもの(AAB69168.1)、アナウサギ(Oryctolagus cuniculus)由来のもの(AAB35920.1)、キイロショウジョウバエ(Drosophila melanogaster)由来のもの(AAL39356.1)、イヌ鉤虫(A.caninum)由来のもの(AF372651.1及びEU523698.1)、十二指腸鉤虫(A.duodenale)(ABP88131.1)並びにカエノラブディティス・エレガンス(Caenorhabditis elegans)由来のもの(NP_505113.1)に加えて、予測ペプチドであって(i)マンソン住血吸虫(S.mansoni)、日本住血吸虫(S.japonicum)、ビルハルツ住血吸虫(S.haematobium)(www.genedb.org)、豚回虫(A.suum)(www.wormbase.org)、旋毛虫(T.spiralis)(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/nuccore/316979833)、マレー糸状虫(Brugia malayi)及びバンクロフト糸状虫(Wuchereria bancrofti)(ヒトに寄生するフィラリア線虫)(http://www.sanger.ac.uk/;[46])、アメリカ鉤虫(N.americanus)(ヒト鉤虫;[36])の全ゲノム又はドラフトゲノム配列、並びに(ii)豚鞭虫(T.suis)、豚腸結節虫(Oesophagostomum dentatum)(http://www.gasserlab.org)、シジョウハイチュウ(Dictyocaulus filaria)(ヒツジ肺吸虫;[47])並びに肝吸虫(C.sinensis)、タイ肝吸虫(O.viverrini)(ヒトの肝吸虫)、肝蛭(Fasciola hepatica)及び巨大肝蛭(F.gigantica)(それぞれウシ及びシカの肝吸虫)(http://www.gasserlab.org)のトランスクリプトーム、から推論されるものが含まれた。
PSIPREDソフトウェア[55]を使用して予測した二次構造要素によって導かれたSBAL[54]を用いて、TIMPタンパク質の構造に基づいた配列アライメントをコンピュータ計算及び手動編集した。個々の構造に基づいたアミノ酸配列のアライメントを、プログラムMrBayes(v.3.1.2)[56]を使用したベイズ推定(BI)により解析し、またプログラムMEGA(v.5)[57]を使用した最大尤度解析(Maximum Likelihood analysis)及び座位間の速度(rates among sites)を均一としたジョーンズ‐テイラー‐ソーントン(Jones−Taylor−Thornton)置換モデル(JTT+G+I)により検証した。BI解析はそれぞれ、100番目ごとの系統樹を保存しながら、1,000,000世代について行い(ngen=1,000,000)、使用したのは次のパラメータすなわちrates=gamma、aamodelpr=mixedであり、かつその他のパラメータはデフォルト設定のままであった。系統樹及び枝の長さはパラメータ「sumt burnin=1000」を使用して測定され;無根の合意樹が、合意の事後確率を使用して決定されている「contype=halfcompat」の分岐サポート(nodal support)を備えて構築され、ソフトウェアFigTree(http://tree.bio.ed.ac.uk/software/figtree/)を使用して表示された。選択されたTIMPについて、既知の三次元構造とのホモログをタンパク質折り畳み構造認識ソフトウェアpGenTHREADER[58]を使用して同定し、MODELLER[59]を使用した比較モデリングのための鋳型として選択した。20個の独立したモデルを生成し、最も低いエネルギーを備えたモデルを選択し、その幾何構造をPROCHECK[60]を使用して解析し、次いでPyMOL[61]で視覚的に調べた。
豚回虫(A.suum)の感染型L3(iL3;卵子由来)、移行L3(肝臓及び肺由来)、第4期幼虫(L4、小腸由来)並びに成虫の雌雄それぞれに由来する筋肉組織及び生殖組織[34]、アメリカ鉤虫(N.americanus)のiL3及び成虫(雄雌混合)[36]、並びに、ビルハルツ住血吸虫(S.haematobium)の卵及び雌雄成虫[40]からの均一化されていないcDNAライブラリ各々に由来する生の配列リードを、プログラムSOAP2[62]を使用して個々の推定TIMPタンパク質をコードする最長のコンティグにマッピングした。簡潔に述べると、生の配列リードを非冗長的なトランスクリプトームデータにアラインして、それぞれの生の配列リードが独自にマッピングされるようにした(すなわち独自の転写物とした)。2つ以上の転写物にマッピングされたリード(「マルチリード」と称される)を、無作為に独自の転写物に割り当て、一度しか記録されないようにした。転写物存在量を相対的に評価するために、各配列にマッピングされた生のリードの数を長さについて正規化した(すなわちreads per kilobase per million reads、RPKM)[34、40、63]。
[寄生蠕虫のTIMPタンパク質]
既知の真核生物のTIMPに対する高い相同性(e値カットオフ:10〜5)を備えた合計15個のタンパク質配列が、寄生蠕虫について利用可能な配列データの相補物から予測され(表1)、よって、寄生生物におけるこのタンパク質ファミリーの将来的な構造及び機能の調査のための確たる情報源に相当するものとなった。本明細書で解析されたFASTA形式の配列データは、補足ファイル1において入手可能である。ここに含まれたデータセットのうち、アメリカ鉤虫及び豚回虫について利用可能なタンパク質コード遺伝子の相補物は、最多数の予測TIMPタンパク質をコードしていた(それぞれn=8及び3;表1参照)。3個のアメリカ鉤虫のTIMP(すなわちNECAME_13168、NECAME_07191及びNECAME_08458;表1参照)並びにすべての豚回虫のTIMP(GS_21732、GS_04796及びGS_08199;表1参照)がN末端シグナルペプチドを含有すると予測され、それぞれイヌ鉤虫のAc‐TMP‐1及びAc‐TMP‐2並びにセイロン鉤虫由来のネトリンドメインを含有するホモログ(=排泄・分泌タンパク質2(excretory−secretory protein 2)、AceES‐2)についての以前の観察と一致していた[25〜27、64]。Ac‐TMP‐1、Ac‐TMP‐2とAceES‐2との間の配列の類似にもかかわらず、後者はヒトMMP阻害活性をin vitroで示さず、in vivoにおけるこのタンパク質の異なる機能を示唆していた[64]。しかしながら、注目すべきなのは、チャン(Zhan)らが述べたAc‐TMP‐2の部分的なMMP阻害活性[26]は、哺乳動物MMPをそのTIMP相当物によって阻害するのに必要な1:1の阻害物質:酵素モル比を十分越えた、膨大な過剰モル濃度の組換えTMP‐2に基づいたものであるということである[23]。
構造上は、4つのヒトTIMPは十分に特徴解析されている(http://www.rcsb.org参照)。これらのタンパク質は、2個のドメイン、すなわちNTR折り畳み構造を導入するN末端ドメイン(N‐TIMP)及びC末端ドメイン(C‐TIMP)で構成されている。完全長のTIMP‐1、TIMP‐2、さらにはNTIMP‐1、N‐TIMP‐2及びN‐TIMP‐3の三次構造は、一部はその標的MMPとの複合体において、決定済みである(概観については表2を参照)。N‐TIMP及びC‐TIMPはいずれも3個のドメイン内ジスルフィド架橋によって内部的に安定化され、かつそれらの構造要素は絡み合っておらず、この2つの構成部分が確かに個別の折り畳み単位(すなわちドメイン)であることを示唆している。この概念は、N‐TIMPがin vitroにおいて、MMP阻害活性を示す折り畳まれた実体として入手可能であるという観察によってさらに裏付けられる[79、86〜88]。
真核生物TIMPの系統発生学的解析により、本発明者らは蠕虫のTIMPとその脊椎動物の同等物との関係を研究することが可能となった(図4)。この解析は、脊椎動物由来のホモログによって形成されたクレードを除外して、自由生活性及び寄生性の蠕虫(分岐サポート:0.90)を含む無脊椎動物由来のTIMPを含む1つの主要なクレードを同定した(図4参照)。無脊椎動物のクレード内において、線虫由来のTIMPを表すサブクレードがキイロショウジョウバエ由来のTIMPタンパク質を除外してクラスタ化され(分岐サポート;0.76;図4参照)、寄生線虫についてのTIMPの単系統群が存在することを裏付けた。系統発生学的解析にビルハルツ住血吸虫のA_01727を含めた後、脊椎動物のホモログに対する線虫TIMPクレードの単系統が維持された。鉤虫由来のTIMPと他の自由生活性及び寄生性の線虫由来のものとの間には明瞭な分離は観察されず、よって、線虫のTIMPはその脊椎動物ホモログの機能特性とは異なる特異的な機能特性を特徴とするかもしれないという仮説が裏付けられた。線虫のTIMPが、脊椎動物の祖先からC末端ドメインを喪失した後に生じたのか、又は別個の遺伝子ラインから生じたのかは([23]参照)、未だ検討されていない。
Claims (22)
- 対象者の炎症を軽減又は緩和する方法であって、治療上有効な量の、配列番号1〜31に記されたアミノ酸配列をそれぞれ含む1つ以上の単離タンパク質、又はその生物学的に活性なフラグメント若しくはバリアント又はこれらの組み合わせを対象者に投与することにより、対象者の炎症を軽減又は緩和するステップを含む方法。
- 前記炎症は、対象者における疾患、障害及び状態のうちの少なくともいずれかに関連しているか又は続発するものである、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記疾患、障害及び状態のうちの少なくともいずれかは基準療法に抵抗性である、請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記基準療法は、非ステロイド系抗炎症薬(NSAID)、アミノサリチラート、コルチコステロイド、免疫抑制薬、サイトカイン/サイトカインレセプター阻害薬、抗生物質、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される少なくとも1つの基準作用薬の投与を含む、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも当初は、配列番号1〜31に記されたアミノ酸配列をそれぞれ含む前記1つ以上の単離タンパク質、又はその生物学的に活性なフラグメント若しくはバリアント又はこれらの組み合わせは、基準療法とともに補助的に投与される、請求項3又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも当初は、配列番号1〜31に記されたアミノ酸配列をそれぞれ含む1つ以上の単離タンパク質、又はその生物学的に活性なフラグメント若しくはバリアント又はこれらの組み合わせは、総用量よりも少なく投与される少なくとも1つの基準作用薬とともに補助的に投与される、請求項3又は請求項4に記載の方法。
- 対象者の炎症を予防するための方法であって、治療上有効な量の、配列番号1〜31に記されたアミノ酸配列をそれぞれ含む1つ以上の単離タンパク質、又はその生物学的に活性なフラグメント若しくはバリアント又はこれらの組み合わせを対象者に投与することにより、対象者の炎症を予防するステップを含む方法。
- 前記炎症は、対象者における疾患、障害及び状態のうちの少なくともいずれかに関連しているか又は続発するものである、請求項7に記載の方法。
- 前記疾患、障害及び状態のうちの少なくともいずれかは、免疫学的な疾患、障害及び状態のうちの少なくともいずれかである、請求項2〜6及び請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記免疫学的な疾患、障害及び状態のうちの少なくともいずれかは、アジソン病、強直性脊椎炎、セリアック病、慢性炎症性脱髄性多発ニューロパチー(CIDP)、慢性再発性多巣性骨髄炎(CRMO)、クローン病、脱髄性ニューロパチー、糸球体腎炎、グッドパスチャー症候群、グレーブス病、ギラン‐バレー症候群、橋本脳症、橋本甲状腺炎、低ガンマグロブリン血症、特発性血小板減少性紫斑病(ITP)、インスリン依存型糖尿病(1型)、若年性関節炎、川崎症候群、多発性硬化症、重症筋無力症、心筋梗塞後症候群、原発性胆汁性肝硬変症、乾癬、特発性肺線維症、ライター症候群、慢性関節リウマチ、サルコイドーシス、強皮症、シェーグレン症候群、全身性エリテマトーデス(SLE)、血小板減少性紫斑病(TTP)、潰瘍性大腸炎、血管炎、白斑、及びウェゲナー肉芽腫症からなる群から選択される、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記疾患は消化管の疾患である、請求項2〜6及び請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記疾患は慢性胃炎又は炎症性腸疾患である、請求項11に記載の方法。
- 前記炎症性腸疾患はクローン病又は潰瘍性大腸炎である、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記疾患は呼吸器系の疾患である、請求項2〜6及び請求項8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記疾患は喘息、気腫、慢性気管支炎、及び慢性閉塞性肺疾患(COPD)からなる群から選択される、請求項14に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも1つの追加の作用薬を対象者に投与するステップをさらに含む、請求項1〜15のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記少なくとも1つの追加の作用薬は、非ステロイド系抗炎症薬(NSAID)、アミノサリチラート、コルチコステロイド、免疫抑制薬、サイトカイン/サイトカインレセプター阻害薬、抗生物質、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項16に記載の方法。
- 前記対象者は哺乳動物である、請求項1〜17のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記哺乳動物はヒトである、請求項18に記載の方法。
- 治療上有効な量の、配列番号1〜31に記されたアミノ酸配列をそれぞれ含む1つ以上の単離タンパク質、又はその生物学的に活性なフラグメント若しくはバリアント又はこれらの組み合わせを、薬学的に許容される担体、希釈剤又は賦形剤と共に含む医薬組成物。
- 少なくとも1つの追加の作用薬をさらに含む、請求項20に記載の医薬組成物。
- 前記少なくとも1つの追加の作用薬は、非ステロイド系抗炎症薬(NSAID)、アミノサリチラート、コルチコステロイド、免疫抑制薬、サイトカイン/サイトカインレセプター阻害薬、抗生物質、及びこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、請求項21に記載の医薬組成物。
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PCT/AU2014/050238 WO2015039188A1 (en) | 2013-09-18 | 2014-09-18 | Anti-inflammatory proteins and methods of use |
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